Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156012
D. González, J. Balcells, J. Mon
During the last years, the power quality (PQ) issues have been a subject of major concern. The constraints that must be fulfilled by the voltage wave supplied by utility companies have become more and more exigent. For this reason, the PQ measurement equipment requires new and computational efficient algorithms. This paper presents a Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT) based triggering algorithms for PQ measurement instruments. Some typical PQ disturbances (sags, spikes or harmonics) have been considered to define figures of merit that can detect the presence of such disturbances and therefore are suitable to trigger the data recording of the PQ analyzer. All these figures of merit are obtained from the DWT decomposition. The final validations of the triggering algorithms have been done with real measurements.
{"title":"Wavelet-based algorithms for triggering power quality measurement instruments","authors":"D. González, J. Balcells, J. Mon","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156012","url":null,"abstract":"During the last years, the power quality (PQ) issues have been a subject of major concern. The constraints that must be fulfilled by the voltage wave supplied by utility companies have become more and more exigent. For this reason, the PQ measurement equipment requires new and computational efficient algorithms. This paper presents a Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT) based triggering algorithms for PQ measurement instruments. Some typical PQ disturbances (sags, spikes or harmonics) have been considered to define figures of merit that can detect the presence of such disturbances and therefore are suitable to trigger the data recording of the PQ analyzer. All these figures of merit are obtained from the DWT decomposition. The final validations of the triggering algorithms have been done with real measurements.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114948382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156007
A. Gheisari, E. Farjah, H. Abiri
Nowadays, power electronic components and converters operate at high frequencies. Fuses or devices used for protection of semiconductor components may be affected by generated harmonics. These fuses have to be derated according to frequency rising. So, an accurate electrothermal model for modelling coupled electrical and thermal behavior of fuse is proposed. By this coupled model, current and temperature in all locations of a fuse are calculated. This method can be applied for modelling any fuse types.
{"title":"An electrothermal model for investigation of harmonic effects produced by power electronic devices on protection elements","authors":"A. Gheisari, E. Farjah, H. Abiri","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156007","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, power electronic components and converters operate at high frequencies. Fuses or devices used for protection of semiconductor components may be affected by generated harmonics. These fuses have to be derated according to frequency rising. So, an accurate electrothermal model for modelling coupled electrical and thermal behavior of fuse is proposed. By this coupled model, current and temperature in all locations of a fuse are calculated. This method can be applied for modelling any fuse types.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122889073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156023
J. Montaño, M. Borrás, M. Castilla, A. López, J. Gutierrez, J. Bravo
The Fourier Transform analysis is able to estimate the amplitude and frequency of signals under stationary conditions. For transient or aperiodic signals the Fourier analysis is unable to obtain accurate results and a joint time-frequency analysis must be used to provide simultaneous time and frequency information of transient intervals. A power quality index is proposed for evaluation of both the stationary and transient quality aspects of electrical signals. The widely used total harmonic distortion index (THD) is redefined in this paper to include harmonics, oscillatory transients, voltage sags and swells. The new index is defined between the 0-1 range.
{"title":"Harmonic distortion index for stationary and transient states","authors":"J. Montaño, M. Borrás, M. Castilla, A. López, J. Gutierrez, J. Bravo","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156023","url":null,"abstract":"The Fourier Transform analysis is able to estimate the amplitude and frequency of signals under stationary conditions. For transient or aperiodic signals the Fourier analysis is unable to obtain accurate results and a joint time-frequency analysis must be used to provide simultaneous time and frequency information of transient intervals. A power quality index is proposed for evaluation of both the stationary and transient quality aspects of electrical signals. The widely used total harmonic distortion index (THD) is redefined in this paper to include harmonics, oscillatory transients, voltage sags and swells. The new index is defined between the 0-1 range.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116248403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156042
P. Fernández, F. Freijedo, J. Doval‐Gandoy, J. Malvar
The power grid in most of the countries is aging and under increasing stress. The modern industrial infrastructure demands increasing amounts of affordable and reliable electricity. Solutions based on Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) can be used to control power flow on the grid. Shunt VARs compensators provide grid voltage support, while series VARs compensators are required to control active power flow. The Synchronous Static Series Compensator (SSSC) controls the active power flow by altering the impedance of the power lines or changing the angle of the voltage applied across the line. This paper presents a control algorithm for a SSSC which injects a voltage in series with the line in order to control the power flow. The amplitude and angle of the injected voltage is calculated as a function of the compensation rate and in order to control the DC bus voltage of the converter. A predictive synchronization algorithm is used to obtain the phase of the line current.
{"title":"Control algorithm for a SSSC","authors":"P. Fernández, F. Freijedo, J. Doval‐Gandoy, J. Malvar","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156042","url":null,"abstract":"The power grid in most of the countries is aging and under increasing stress. The modern industrial infrastructure demands increasing amounts of affordable and reliable electricity. Solutions based on Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) can be used to control power flow on the grid. Shunt VARs compensators provide grid voltage support, while series VARs compensators are required to control active power flow. The Synchronous Static Series Compensator (SSSC) controls the active power flow by altering the impedance of the power lines or changing the angle of the voltage applied across the line. This paper presents a control algorithm for a SSSC which injects a voltage in series with the line in order to control the power flow. The amplitude and angle of the injected voltage is calculated as a function of the compensation rate and in order to control the DC bus voltage of the converter. A predictive synchronization algorithm is used to obtain the phase of the line current.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124952547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156052
M. C. Di Piazza, A. Ragusa, G. Vitale
This paper deals with the design of the input EMI filter in an AC motor drive when the compensation of common mode emissions towards the motor is performed by an active filter. Both the drive and the active filter have been analyzed through an high frequency circuit model in order to identify the main propagation loops for CM disturbance. In particular the EMI emissions towards the grid are evaluated also in comparison with those generated in a configuration without the active filter. The accuracy of the model has been assessed by experimental measurements. Results show a reduction of CM EMI towards the grid in the lower frequency range of conducted emissions when the active filter is installed. This demonstrates that EMC requirements compliance of the drive can be achieved with a reduction in the size of the input EMI filter.
{"title":"Input EMI filter re-design in AC motor drives with active compensation of motor CM voltage","authors":"M. C. Di Piazza, A. Ragusa, G. Vitale","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156052","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the design of the input EMI filter in an AC motor drive when the compensation of common mode emissions towards the motor is performed by an active filter. Both the drive and the active filter have been analyzed through an high frequency circuit model in order to identify the main propagation loops for CM disturbance. In particular the EMI emissions towards the grid are evaluated also in comparison with those generated in a configuration without the active filter. The accuracy of the model has been assessed by experimental measurements. Results show a reduction of CM EMI towards the grid in the lower frequency range of conducted emissions when the active filter is installed. This demonstrates that EMC requirements compliance of the drive can be achieved with a reduction in the size of the input EMI filter.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125114440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156067
Y. Paerand, Oleksandr F. Bondarenko, Yu. V. Bondarenko
Conditions of obtaining high quality welded joints by micro resistance welding are analyzed. Construction principle of the former of special form current pulses for micro resistance welding is offered. The former provides forming of weld current power pulse in accordance with electrophysic processes in welding contact. Offered pulse former included in experimental welding machine is used for welding details of important application. The results of experiments are given.
{"title":"The former of special form current pulses for micro resistance welding","authors":"Y. Paerand, Oleksandr F. Bondarenko, Yu. V. Bondarenko","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156067","url":null,"abstract":"Conditions of obtaining high quality welded joints by micro resistance welding are analyzed. Construction principle of the former of special form current pulses for micro resistance welding is offered. The former provides forming of weld current power pulse in accordance with electrophysic processes in welding contact. Offered pulse former included in experimental welding machine is used for welding details of important application. The results of experiments are given.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127758141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156020
S. Schostan, K.-D. Dettmann, T. Thanh, D. Schulz
This paper describes how harmonics up to some hundreds of Hz propagate from stator to rotor and vice versa in a doubly fed induction generator of a wind energy converter. Some of these harmonics are impressed by the grid, some are created by asymmetries of its voltages and currents; others originate in the wind turbine. At a test bench measurements have been made to investigate harmonics for one sub-synchronous and one super-synchronous operating point. The results show, how sources of harmonics in the generator can be identified and offer possibilities to compensate certain stator harmonics with the rotor side converter.
{"title":"Harmonic propagation in a doubly fed induction generator of a wind energy converter","authors":"S. Schostan, K.-D. Dettmann, T. Thanh, D. Schulz","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156020","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes how harmonics up to some hundreds of Hz propagate from stator to rotor and vice versa in a doubly fed induction generator of a wind energy converter. Some of these harmonics are impressed by the grid, some are created by asymmetries of its voltages and currents; others originate in the wind turbine. At a test bench measurements have been made to investigate harmonics for one sub-synchronous and one super-synchronous operating point. The results show, how sources of harmonics in the generator can be identified and offer possibilities to compensate certain stator harmonics with the rotor side converter.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130174126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156053
V. Tkachuk, M. Klytta
Switched Reluctance Motor is simpler and more cost-effective than other small power electrical motors. The paper proposes a new electrical scheme with energy buffer and an average values mathematical model for this kind of motor, which provide a basis for calculation or computation of its characteristics. A computation example of dynamic and static characteristics is presented.
{"title":"Electronic commutator with parallel capacity storage for Switched Reluctance Motor","authors":"V. Tkachuk, M. Klytta","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156053","url":null,"abstract":"Switched Reluctance Motor is simpler and more cost-effective than other small power electrical motors. The paper proposes a new electrical scheme with energy buffer and an average values mathematical model for this kind of motor, which provide a basis for calculation or computation of its characteristics. A computation example of dynamic and static characteristics is presented.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129825187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156009
R. Strzelecki, G. Benysek, M. Jarnut, R. Smoleński, B. Maciejewski
The paper introduces system for utilization of the customer-side generated energy. Additionally system can secure some ancillary services to grids. Those services include: current active filtering, load voltage stabilization and in case of grid voltage faults - uninterruptible load supplying (possible with energy storage device). Presented experimental results confirm flexibility of this arrangement in processes of power delivery improvement. Additionally on the base presented solution a multilane DGs/EPS interface system is presented. Multilane arrangement posses all the properties of the single Line, together with capabilities for active power exchange between Lines.
{"title":"Ancillary services to grids provided with distributed generation","authors":"R. Strzelecki, G. Benysek, M. Jarnut, R. Smoleński, B. Maciejewski","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156009","url":null,"abstract":"The paper introduces system for utilization of the customer-side generated energy. Additionally system can secure some ancillary services to grids. Those services include: current active filtering, load voltage stabilization and in case of grid voltage faults - uninterruptible load supplying (possible with energy storage device). Presented experimental results confirm flexibility of this arrangement in processes of power delivery improvement. Additionally on the base presented solution a multilane DGs/EPS interface system is presented. Multilane arrangement posses all the properties of the single Line, together with capabilities for active power exchange between Lines.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114198003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156045
D. Izquierdo, A. Barrado, M. Sanz, C. Fernández, P. Zumel
There is a clear trend in the aircraft industry to use more electrical system in order to satisfy the growing aircraft load demands. This higher electrical power demand has resulted in the increase of DC voltage levels in order to reduce the power losses and the wiring size by decreasing the current levels. Traditional protections, like electromagnetic circuit breakers, are not suitable for protection of high voltage DC systems. As a consequence new technologies like Solid State Power Controllers (SSPC) have been introduced. SSPC combine the functions of connecting loads to the main electrical bus and protecting the electrical installations from overloads and short-circuits. In order to analyse these new protection devices in the onboard Power Distribution System (PDS), models of SSPC have to be developed. This paper presents and analyses two different SSPC models. The first model is based on SSPC internal structure and the second model is based on the SSPC behaviour. Finally, the SSPC behavioural model has been validated within an experimental test bench using commercial SSPC.
{"title":"Modeling methods for Solid State Power Controllers (SSPC)","authors":"D. Izquierdo, A. Barrado, M. Sanz, C. Fernández, P. Zumel","doi":"10.1109/CPE.2009.5156045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPE.2009.5156045","url":null,"abstract":"There is a clear trend in the aircraft industry to use more electrical system in order to satisfy the growing aircraft load demands. This higher electrical power demand has resulted in the increase of DC voltage levels in order to reduce the power losses and the wiring size by decreasing the current levels. Traditional protections, like electromagnetic circuit breakers, are not suitable for protection of high voltage DC systems. As a consequence new technologies like Solid State Power Controllers (SSPC) have been introduced. SSPC combine the functions of connecting loads to the main electrical bus and protecting the electrical installations from overloads and short-circuits. In order to analyse these new protection devices in the onboard Power Distribution System (PDS), models of SSPC have to be developed. This paper presents and analyses two different SSPC models. The first model is based on SSPC internal structure and the second model is based on the SSPC behaviour. Finally, the SSPC behavioural model has been validated within an experimental test bench using commercial SSPC.","PeriodicalId":272748,"journal":{"name":"2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122436550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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