The syndicalist vision of ‘One Big Union’ resulted in the more limited project, led by Bevin, of the amalgamation of 22 road transport dock and waterway unions to form the TGWU. This chapter examines the process of amalgamation set against the impact of the economic downturn which resulted in high rates of unemployment and an attack on wage rates in the staple industries, coal mining in particular. The inconclusive fight back in which the TGWU as part of the Triple Alliance, played a major role, was held responsible for the ‘Black Friday’ 1921 and the subsequent defeat of the miners.
{"title":"Creating the TGWU 1920–22","authors":"Mary Davis, J. Foster","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1r1nqxz.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1r1nqxz.8","url":null,"abstract":"The syndicalist vision of ‘One Big Union’ resulted in the more limited project, led by Bevin, of the amalgamation of 22 road transport dock and waterway unions to form the TGWU. This chapter examines the process of amalgamation set against the impact of the economic downturn which resulted in high rates of unemployment and an attack on wage rates in the staple industries, coal mining in particular. The inconclusive fight back in which the TGWU as part of the Triple Alliance, played a major role, was held responsible for the ‘Black Friday’ 1921 and the subsequent defeat of the miners.","PeriodicalId":272994,"journal":{"name":"UNITE History Volume 1 (1880-1931)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128960214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter looks at the aftermath of the strike in which the government’s victory led to a serious rethinking of its attitude to the labour movement and industrial relations. It examines the division within Tory ranks on how best to deal with potential future militancy based on the perceived strength of socialist forces. Both hawks and ‘modernisers’ were concerned to deliver a tame trade union movement. The 1927 Trades Disputes Act appeased the hawks, the ‘modernisers’ strategy was one of reducing further friction between capital and labour by encouraging joint working and consensus. This strategy was dependent on winning the agreement of trade union leaders and the TUC. Bevin, in a turn to the right, played a major role in ensuring compliance. He was subject to sustained criticism within the TGWU for his role in calling off the strike and in the aftermath in which employers sought retribution initiating mass victimisation of strikers. The central argument of the chapter is that 1927 marked a major turning point leading to the social partnership agenda detailed in the ensuing Mond-Turner agreement.
{"title":"Co-operation and Incorporation 1926–27","authors":"Mary Davis, J. Foster","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1r1nqxz.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1r1nqxz.13","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter looks at the aftermath of the strike in which the government’s victory led to a serious rethinking of its attitude to the labour movement and industrial relations. It examines the division within Tory ranks on how best to deal with potential future militancy based on the perceived strength of socialist forces. Both hawks and ‘modernisers’ were concerned to deliver a tame trade union movement. The 1927 Trades Disputes Act appeased the hawks, the ‘modernisers’ strategy was one of reducing further friction between capital and labour by encouraging joint working and consensus. This strategy was dependent on winning the agreement of trade union leaders and the TUC. Bevin, in a turn to the right, played a major role in ensuring compliance. He was subject to sustained criticism within the TGWU for his role in calling off the strike and in the aftermath in which employers sought retribution initiating mass victimisation of strikers. The central argument of the chapter is that 1927 marked a major turning point leading to the social partnership agenda detailed in the ensuing Mond-Turner agreement.","PeriodicalId":272994,"journal":{"name":"UNITE History Volume 1 (1880-1931)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123909492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Running the Union in Difficult Times:","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1r1nqxz.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1r1nqxz.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":272994,"journal":{"name":"UNITE History Volume 1 (1880-1931)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123487052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter deals with the union’s response to mass unemployment, the economic crisis and the failure of the labour government to make good on its election pledges- in particular its unwillingness to repeal the 1927 Trades Disputes Act. Thus trade union support for the MacDonald government waned Bevin’s alternative economic policy was based on Commonwealth tariff preference – this was attacked by the left. Bevin was also attacked for concentrating power in his own hands and for his industrial relation strategy based on an accommodation with capital. Under the control of Bevin and Citrine, the Daily Herald was transformed into a mass circulation paper, published by Odhams Press.
{"title":"The TGWU, Bevin and the Economic Crisis","authors":"Mary Davis, J. Foster","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1r1nqxz.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1r1nqxz.18","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter deals with the union’s response to mass unemployment, the economic crisis and the failure of the labour government to make good on its election pledges- in particular its unwillingness to repeal the 1927 Trades Disputes Act. Thus trade union support for the MacDonald government waned Bevin’s alternative economic policy was based on Commonwealth tariff preference – this was attacked by the left. Bevin was also attacked for concentrating power in his own hands and for his industrial relation strategy based on an accommodation with capital. Under the control of Bevin and Citrine, the Daily Herald was transformed into a mass circulation paper, published by Odhams Press.","PeriodicalId":272994,"journal":{"name":"UNITE History Volume 1 (1880-1931)","volume":"464 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115614422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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