Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970224
D. Hur, Jong-keun Park, B.H. Kim, K. Son
This paper presents an algorithm for the parallel solution of the security constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) problem in a decentralized framework, consisting of regions, using a price-based mechanism that models each region as an economic unit. We first solve the distributed optimal power flow (OPF) problem to determine the maximum secure simultaneous transfer capability of each tie-line between adjacent regions by taking only the security constraints imposed on the tie-lines into account. In this study, the line outage distribution factors (LODF) calculated at the current state are used to formulate the appended constraints. Once the secure transfer capability of each tie-line is determined, the maximum secure transfer capability of tie-lines joining two regions is solved in such a way that the transmission system can also stay within limits in the event of turning generation units off when they are not needed. A description on the inclusion of security constraints with distributed optimal power flow algorithm is given, followed by case studies for Korea power system.
{"title":"Security constrained optimal power flow for the evaluation of transmission capability on Korea electric power system","authors":"D. Hur, Jong-keun Park, B.H. Kim, K. Son","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970224","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an algorithm for the parallel solution of the security constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) problem in a decentralized framework, consisting of regions, using a price-based mechanism that models each region as an economic unit. We first solve the distributed optimal power flow (OPF) problem to determine the maximum secure simultaneous transfer capability of each tie-line between adjacent regions by taking only the security constraints imposed on the tie-lines into account. In this study, the line outage distribution factors (LODF) calculated at the current state are used to formulate the appended constraints. Once the secure transfer capability of each tie-line is determined, the maximum secure transfer capability of tie-lines joining two regions is solved in such a way that the transmission system can also stay within limits in the event of turning generation units off when they are not needed. A description on the inclusion of security constraints with distributed optimal power flow algorithm is given, followed by case studies for Korea power system.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115039066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970108
J.B. Lee, C. Ha, C. Jung
This paper presents a digital distance relaying algorithm in combined transmission lines with underground power cables. When underground power cables are used as part of a transmission line, the design and setting of the protective relay will have to consider the different impedance characteristics because of the configuration characteristics of the cables. A power cable system consists of the conductor, a sheath, several kinds of joints, grounding types of such joints, cable covering protection units and grounding wires with resistance. Simulation for an actual complex transmission line with 154 kV XLPE cables was carried out to develop a correct distance relaying algorithm using modeling which was, in detail, established using EMTP and ATP Draw. This paper describes the accurate calculation algorithm of line impedance with a compensation factor at the relay point as well as a method to discriminate the fault section between both sections when a single line-to-ground fault occurs. Simulation results reveal that the accuracy of the line impedance obtained by the proposed algorithm has been increased compared with the impedance obtained using the general distance relaying algorithm.
{"title":"Development of digital distance relaying algorithm in combined transmission lines with underground power cables","authors":"J.B. Lee, C. Ha, C. Jung","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970108","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a digital distance relaying algorithm in combined transmission lines with underground power cables. When underground power cables are used as part of a transmission line, the design and setting of the protective relay will have to consider the different impedance characteristics because of the configuration characteristics of the cables. A power cable system consists of the conductor, a sheath, several kinds of joints, grounding types of such joints, cable covering protection units and grounding wires with resistance. Simulation for an actual complex transmission line with 154 kV XLPE cables was carried out to develop a correct distance relaying algorithm using modeling which was, in detail, established using EMTP and ATP Draw. This paper describes the accurate calculation algorithm of line impedance with a compensation factor at the relay point as well as a method to discriminate the fault section between both sections when a single line-to-ground fault occurs. Simulation results reveal that the accuracy of the line impedance obtained by the proposed algorithm has been increased compared with the impedance obtained using the general distance relaying algorithm.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115648070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970205
T. Niimura, M. Dhaliwal, K. Ozawa
In this paper, the authors introduce a procedure to evaluate electricity supply contracts for retail consumers who have a choice of retail supply offers under a deregulated environment. A long-term contract to supply power at a fixed price will be attractive to some consumers, while the spot price in a power exchange market may go up unreasonably. In this approach, an index is introduced to reflect the consumer's preference for a low price with some margins. Uncertain market prices are estimated by an extended regression model that considers the possible ranges of prices. The differences in the offered price for a supply contract and the market prices are then compared with the preference index. The overall grade of matching the price differential and the consumer's preference indicates the value of the offered price for the transaction. Numerical examples using California Power Exchange data are illustrated.
{"title":"Evaluation of retail electricity supply contracts in deregulated environment","authors":"T. Niimura, M. Dhaliwal, K. Ozawa","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970205","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the authors introduce a procedure to evaluate electricity supply contracts for retail consumers who have a choice of retail supply offers under a deregulated environment. A long-term contract to supply power at a fixed price will be attractive to some consumers, while the spot price in a power exchange market may go up unreasonably. In this approach, an index is introduced to reflect the consumer's preference for a low price with some margins. Uncertain market prices are estimated by an extended regression model that considers the possible ranges of prices. The differences in the offered price for a supply contract and the market prices are then compared with the preference index. The overall grade of matching the price differential and the consumer's preference indicates the value of the offered price for the transaction. Numerical examples using California Power Exchange data are illustrated.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114225672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970056
Chen-Ching Liu
Summary form only given. In a competitive environment, trading of electric energy is conducted through bilateral and spot markets. Players representing the supply side and demand side compete based on the market rules. The scope of traditional energy management systems do not incorporate trading functions in today's market environment. To meet the needs, the University of Washington has worked on a number of important decision support tools related to trading decision making in the market environment. Some decision making applications are: optimization techniques to determine the contract amount and price; risk assessment in the presence of uncertainties; pricing of flexible contracts; volatility of prices; and analysis of strategic behaviors in the transmission grids. This panel discussion provides an overview of the highlights. However, more emphasis is placed on the first two topics.
{"title":"Decision support tools for trading in deregulated energy systems","authors":"Chen-Ching Liu","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970056","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. In a competitive environment, trading of electric energy is conducted through bilateral and spot markets. Players representing the supply side and demand side compete based on the market rules. The scope of traditional energy management systems do not incorporate trading functions in today's market environment. To meet the needs, the University of Washington has worked on a number of important decision support tools related to trading decision making in the market environment. Some decision making applications are: optimization techniques to determine the contract amount and price; risk assessment in the presence of uncertainties; pricing of flexible contracts; volatility of prices; and analysis of strategic behaviors in the transmission grids. This panel discussion provides an overview of the highlights. However, more emphasis is placed on the first two topics.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114260698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970254
A.A. Abido
In this paper, a new multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch (EED) optimization problem is presented. The EED problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained multiobjective optimization problem with both equality and inequality constraints. A new nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) based approach is proposed to handle the problem as a true multiobjective optimization problem with competing and noncommensurable objectives. The proposed approach employs a diversity-preserving technique to overcome the premature convergence and search bias problems and produce a well-distributed Pareto-optimal set of nondominated solutions. A hierarchical clustering technique is also imposed to provide the decision maker with a representative and manageable Pareto-optimal set. Several optimization runs of the proposed approach are carried out on a standard IEEE test system. The results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed NSGA based approach to generate the true Pareto-optimal set of nondominated solutions of the multiobjective EED problem in one single run. Simulation results with the proposed approach have been compared to those reported in the literature. The comparison shows the superiority of the proposed NSGA based approach and confirms its potential to solve the multiobjective EED problem.
{"title":"A new multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch","authors":"A.A. Abido","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970254","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for environmental/economic power dispatch (EED) optimization problem is presented. The EED problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained multiobjective optimization problem with both equality and inequality constraints. A new nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) based approach is proposed to handle the problem as a true multiobjective optimization problem with competing and noncommensurable objectives. The proposed approach employs a diversity-preserving technique to overcome the premature convergence and search bias problems and produce a well-distributed Pareto-optimal set of nondominated solutions. A hierarchical clustering technique is also imposed to provide the decision maker with a representative and manageable Pareto-optimal set. Several optimization runs of the proposed approach are carried out on a standard IEEE test system. The results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed NSGA based approach to generate the true Pareto-optimal set of nondominated solutions of the multiobjective EED problem in one single run. Simulation results with the proposed approach have been compared to those reported in the literature. The comparison shows the superiority of the proposed NSGA based approach and confirms its potential to solve the multiobjective EED problem.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123446661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970216
A. McEachern
Power quality monitoring is the process of gathering some data about voltages and currents; transporting that data to somewhere it will be useful; and converting that data into decision-making information. The author gives a brief history of the subject from the 1920s' development of a lightning strike recorder through to the 1960s' power quality monitors, the mid-1980s' graphic power quality monitors, and EPRI's Distribution Power Quality project in the 1990s. The future ideal power quality monitoring system is outlined.
{"title":"Roles of intelligent systems in power quality monitoring: past, present, and future","authors":"A. McEachern","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970216","url":null,"abstract":"Power quality monitoring is the process of gathering some data about voltages and currents; transporting that data to somewhere it will be useful; and converting that data into decision-making information. The author gives a brief history of the subject from the 1920s' development of a lightning strike recorder through to the 1960s' power quality monitors, the mid-1980s' graphic power quality monitors, and EPRI's Distribution Power Quality project in the 1990s. The future ideal power quality monitoring system is outlined.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123494591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970150
Xuechun Yu, M. Khammash, V. Vittal
Summary form only given as follows. This paper presents a systematic procedure for the synthesis of a supplementary damping controller (SDC) for static VAr compensators (SVC) in multimachine power systems. The robust performance in terms of the structured singular value (SSV or /spl mu/) is used as the measure of control performance. A wide range of operating conditions are used for testing. Simulation results on standard test systems show that the resulting SDC effectively enhances the damping of the interarea oscillations, providing robust stability and good performance characteristics both in frequency domain and in time domain.
{"title":"Robust design of a damping controller for static VAr compensators in power systems","authors":"Xuechun Yu, M. Khammash, V. Vittal","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970150","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given as follows. This paper presents a systematic procedure for the synthesis of a supplementary damping controller (SDC) for static VAr compensators (SVC) in multimachine power systems. The robust performance in terms of the structured singular value (SSV or /spl mu/) is used as the measure of control performance. A wide range of operating conditions are used for testing. Simulation results on standard test systems show that the resulting SDC effectively enhances the damping of the interarea oscillations, providing robust stability and good performance characteristics both in frequency domain and in time domain.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124446555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.969984
F. Rossouw, H.J. Beukes
34% of the South African population is still without electricity. Most of these people stay in deep rural areas where the cost of electrification is very high. Radial lines are characteristic of rural networks and methods to stretch existing lines or constructing cost-effective new networks are of high priority. Cheap conductors with large voltage drops and voltage regulating network devices are on the forefront of research in rural electrification. Network devices are classified as one of four generic devices, namely shunt, series, series-shunt and in-line devices. The paper proposes a method in which all solutions to a specific voltage regulation problem can be evaluated to determine the best solution. The Cathedral Peak case study is presented as a working example.
{"title":"Compensator rating for radial distribution lines","authors":"F. Rossouw, H.J. Beukes","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.969984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.969984","url":null,"abstract":"34% of the South African population is still without electricity. Most of these people stay in deep rural areas where the cost of electrification is very high. Radial lines are characteristic of rural networks and methods to stretch existing lines or constructing cost-effective new networks are of high priority. Cheap conductors with large voltage drops and voltage regulating network devices are on the forefront of research in rural electrification. Network devices are classified as one of four generic devices, namely shunt, series, series-shunt and in-line devices. The paper proposes a method in which all solutions to a specific voltage regulation problem can be evaluated to determine the best solution. The Cathedral Peak case study is presented as a working example.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122154559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970273
S. Gim
The authors considered the possibility of the conversion of ordinary temperature thermal energy into mechanical form. This conversion system makes the environment free from thermal, chemical and radioactive pollution problems. Although thermal energy conversion efficiency is less than several times that of conventional steam turbines the fuel itself will be obtained virtually free and unlimited.
{"title":"Proposal on the conversion of room temperature thermal energy into useful form","authors":"S. Gim","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970273","url":null,"abstract":"The authors considered the possibility of the conversion of ordinary temperature thermal energy into mechanical form. This conversion system makes the environment free from thermal, chemical and radioactive pollution problems. Although thermal energy conversion efficiency is less than several times that of conventional steam turbines the fuel itself will be obtained virtually free and unlimited.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122158323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-15DOI: 10.1109/PESS.2001.970131
H. Maru, M. Farooque, J. Leitman
Worldwide demand for electricity has been growing rapidly. Recent rolling blackouts in California and anticipated power shortages in many regions have highlighted the urgent need for low-cost, efficient, and clean power. The demand for power can be fulfilled through traditional central power stations, or distributed generation at or near the customer site. Distributed power generation is being increasingly favored for high reliability, combined heat and power production, permitting, and other benefits. Direct carbonate fuel cells being developed by FuelCell Energy provide an attractive alternative for efficient, cost-effective and clean distributed generation. The technology has been verified in 250 kW size building block stacks and several commercial field trials have been planned for 2001. Manufacturing facilities and strategic alliances are also being developed. In parallel, at national and international level interconnection requirements, codes and standards are being developed to facilitate introduction of fuel cell power plants.
{"title":"Progress in direct carbonate fuel cell for distributed generation","authors":"H. Maru, M. Farooque, J. Leitman","doi":"10.1109/PESS.2001.970131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESS.2001.970131","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide demand for electricity has been growing rapidly. Recent rolling blackouts in California and anticipated power shortages in many regions have highlighted the urgent need for low-cost, efficient, and clean power. The demand for power can be fulfilled through traditional central power stations, or distributed generation at or near the customer site. Distributed power generation is being increasingly favored for high reliability, combined heat and power production, permitting, and other benefits. Direct carbonate fuel cells being developed by FuelCell Energy provide an attractive alternative for efficient, cost-effective and clean distributed generation. The technology has been verified in 250 kW size building block stacks and several commercial field trials have been planned for 2001. Manufacturing facilities and strategic alliances are also being developed. In parallel, at national and international level interconnection requirements, codes and standards are being developed to facilitate introduction of fuel cell power plants.","PeriodicalId":273578,"journal":{"name":"2001 Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.01CH37262)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122177077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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