Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.7
{"title":"The Effect of Alpha-amylase and Ascorbic Acid as Improvers on pan Bread Quality","authors":"","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123163772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.44
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Dentinal Microcracks Formation Caused by WaveOne\u0000Gold, Protaper Gold and Manual Files","authors":"","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.44","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121135895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2020.10.1.7
{"title":"Miswak (Salvadora persica) Roots as Antimicrobial and a Potential bioactive\u0000component","authors":"","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2020.10.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2020.10.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127548104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.4.80
E. El-Razek, M. A. El-Migeed, N. Abdel-Hamid
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major problems in agricultural soils for crop production around the world. Mono ammonium phosphate (MAP) as foliar application used an effective tool to enhance nutritional status of fruit trees not only overcome leaf p deficiency but also improve flowering, increase yield and enhance fruit quality. However, use of bio fertilizers such as phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) proved to friendly environmentally and economical way for increasing P availability and improving P use efficiency under P deficiency conditions. Consequently, the aim of the present trail was to study the effects of MAP at 1% foliar application and/or soil application of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) solely or in combination as supplementary P doses (beside H3PO4 common P fertigated source) under calcareous soil conditions on full bloom time, flowering %, yield (kg/tree) and fruit quality not only fruit physical properties i.e. fruit weight, length (L) and circumference (C), shape index (L/C) and fruit firmness but also fruit chemical components via TSS%, acidity%, and TSS/acid ratio as well as nutrient status of macro & micro leaf contents (N,P,K, Fe, Zn and Mn) of "Le Conte" pear trees. The experiment was carried out during the two successive seasons on 12 years old 'Le Conte" pear trees budded on betulifolia rootstocks (Pyrus betulifolia) grown in calcareous soil under drip irrigation system from Nile river source in a private orchid at Km 80 Alex-Cairo desert Road, El-Nubaria district, El-Behaira, Egypt. All trees received the standard horticultural practices & the experiment was designed in a complete randomized block and the treatments were as follows: (T1) control; H3PO4 common P fertigated source. (T2) T1 + MAP at 1 % as foliar application. (T3) T1 + Bacillus megatherium P solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as soil application. (T4) T2 +T3. The result showed that foliar MAP spray (T2) and PSB soil application (T3) independently improved all aforementioned parameters. However, both T2&T3 gave more or less similar result values and no significant differences were detected between them. In this respect, T2&T3 when applied together (T4) maximized to a grate extend enhancement in most studied parameters and increased yield (kg/tree) by about (167%) than the control. Improvement in leaf P nutritional status after MAP foliar spray to an adequate level (>0.3%) in the range of P and N fertilized plants as well as availability of P, Fe, Zn and Mn following soil PSB application improved nutritional status and help in better management of P fertilization in pear trees grown under calcareous soil condition. Generally, T4 (MAP + PSb) is recommended treatment since, it promotes effectively the nutrient status that achieved the shortest time to FBD, highest flowering %, yield and fruit of "Le-Conte" pear trees under calcareous soil conditions.
{"title":"Supplementary Applications of Phosphorus to Improve Yield and Fruit Quality of 'Le\u0000Conte' Pear Trees under Calcareous Soil Conditions","authors":"E. El-Razek, M. A. El-Migeed, N. Abdel-Hamid","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2021.11.4.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2021.11.4.80","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major problems in agricultural soils for crop production around the world. Mono ammonium phosphate (MAP) as foliar application used an effective tool to enhance nutritional status of fruit trees not only overcome leaf p deficiency but also improve flowering, increase yield and enhance fruit quality. However, use of bio fertilizers such as phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) proved to friendly environmentally and economical way for increasing P availability and improving P use efficiency under P deficiency conditions. Consequently, the aim of the present trail was to study the effects of MAP at 1% foliar application and/or soil application of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) solely or in combination as supplementary P doses (beside H3PO4 common P fertigated source) under calcareous soil conditions on full bloom time, flowering %, yield (kg/tree) and fruit quality not only fruit physical properties i.e. fruit weight, length (L) and circumference (C), shape index (L/C) and fruit firmness but also fruit chemical components via TSS%, acidity%, and TSS/acid ratio as well as nutrient status of macro & micro leaf contents (N,P,K, Fe, Zn and Mn) of \"Le Conte\" pear trees. The experiment was carried out during the two successive seasons on 12 years old 'Le Conte\" pear trees budded on betulifolia rootstocks (Pyrus betulifolia) grown in calcareous soil under drip irrigation system from Nile river source in a private orchid at Km 80 Alex-Cairo desert Road, El-Nubaria district, El-Behaira, Egypt. All trees received the standard horticultural practices & the experiment was designed in a complete randomized block and the treatments were as follows: (T1) control; H3PO4 common P fertigated source. (T2) T1 + MAP at 1 % as foliar application. (T3) T1 + Bacillus megatherium P solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as soil application. (T4) T2 +T3. The result showed that foliar MAP spray (T2) and PSB soil application (T3) independently improved all aforementioned parameters. However, both T2&T3 gave more or less similar result values and no significant differences were detected between them. In this respect, T2&T3 when applied together (T4) maximized to a grate extend enhancement in most studied parameters and increased yield (kg/tree) by about (167%) than the control. Improvement in leaf P nutritional status after MAP foliar spray to an adequate level (>0.3%) in the range of P and N fertilized plants as well as availability of P, Fe, Zn and Mn following soil PSB application improved nutritional status and help in better management of P fertilization in pear trees grown under calcareous soil condition. Generally, T4 (MAP + PSb) is recommended treatment since, it promotes effectively the nutrient status that achieved the shortest time to FBD, highest flowering %, yield and fruit of \"Le-Conte\" pear trees under calcareous soil conditions.","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126639334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.46
M. A. El-Motaleb, Asmaa R. Abd El-Hameid, W. Helmy, E. A. Ewais, M., S. Abdel-Hady
Numerous endemic plants grow naturally in Egypt especially in South Sinai Peninsula at Saint Katherine protectorate, one of those important plants is Origanum syriacum ssp. Sinaicum. Leaves of Origanum plants have an important role in both modern and folk medicine due to their secondary metabolites (Essential oil). The essential oil yield quantity of O. syriacum hydro-distilled through Clevenger apparatus was 6.5 %. The chemical compositions of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Major component of GC-MS analysis essential oil detected as oxygenated monoterpenes was carvacrol (95.37 %). The essential oil of O. syriacum leaves was found to possess antibacterial activity against Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity against Candida albicans.
{"title":"Essential oil content and composition of endemic Origanum syriacum ssp. sinaicum\u0000and it’s antimicrobial activity","authors":"M. A. El-Motaleb, Asmaa R. Abd El-Hameid, W. Helmy, E. A. Ewais, M., S. Abdel-Hady","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2021.11.2.46","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous endemic plants grow naturally in Egypt especially in South Sinai Peninsula at Saint Katherine protectorate, one of those important plants is Origanum syriacum ssp. Sinaicum. Leaves of Origanum plants have an important role in both modern and folk medicine due to their secondary metabolites (Essential oil). The essential oil yield quantity of O. syriacum hydro-distilled through Clevenger apparatus was 6.5 %. The chemical compositions of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Major component of GC-MS analysis essential oil detected as oxygenated monoterpenes was carvacrol (95.37 %). The essential oil of O. syriacum leaves was found to possess antibacterial activity against Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity against Candida albicans.","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115058248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2022.12.4.29
{"title":"Nanoformulation of Cedarwood Oil and Its Fungicidal Activity against Fusarium solani and Alternaria tenuis","authors":"","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2022.12.4.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2022.12.4.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116440275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.50
{"title":"Effects of Malaria on Rural Households’ Farm Labour in South-East, Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.50","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122937238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2020.10.1.17
Essam E. Shalaby, M. H. Abdel-Al, Faten F. Abdel-salam
Special attention has been given in recent years to quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) due to its high nutritional value and high-quality protein content. Quinoa seeds also contain various bioactive substances. Quinoa seed is rich source of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, with health-promoting and/or disease preventing properties. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal and is a native crop grows in many different regions and under various climate conditions. Quinoa has a broad genetic diversity, which allows it to adapt to various environments. (Jacobsen, 2003). The total phenolic content of quinoa seeds was studied and was 7.79 mg/ g and the flavonoid content in our investigated quinoa variety was 10.21 mg/ g. For bread making, seeds were soaked in tap water overnight for de-bittering. The soaking process stopped when there is no foam formed. Preparing of pan bread was done by using the following ingredients 100 g wheat flour, 1.5 g instant active dry yeast, 2.0 g salt, 2.0 g sugar, 3.0 g shortening and water. And substitute the wheat flour by ratios up to 20% Main results reveal that the loaf specific volume decreased with the substitution with quinoa flour. The panelists found the crumb more dense and compact in bread 20% of quinoa flour compared to the control and also crust colour, crumb colour, and taste attributes. Bread parameters such as loaf specific volume, weight, crust and sensory properties were affected by the incorporation of quinoa, especially at 20% of addition, whereas the nutritional quality was increased. These new bread products were still accepted by the panelists. Quinoa is gluten-free and easy to digest; quinoa flour can used in wheat-based and gluten-free baking. Quinoa grains are used to make flour, soups, breakfast cereals. In conclusion, whole quinoa flour could be a good replacement for wheat flour in bread formulations, increasing the product's nutritional value in terms of dietary fiber, minerals, proteins and healthy fats, with only a small depreciation in bread quality at 15% of flour substitution.
{"title":"Quinoa Crop as an Ingredient of Functional Foods and Its Utilization in Bread\u0000Making","authors":"Essam E. Shalaby, M. H. Abdel-Al, Faten F. Abdel-salam","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2020.10.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2020.10.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Special attention has been given in recent years to quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) due to its high nutritional value and high-quality protein content. Quinoa seeds also contain various bioactive substances. Quinoa seed is rich source of phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, with health-promoting and/or disease preventing properties. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal and is a native crop grows in many different regions and under various climate conditions. Quinoa has a broad genetic diversity, which allows it to adapt to various environments. (Jacobsen, 2003). The total phenolic content of quinoa seeds was studied and was 7.79 mg/ g and the flavonoid content in our investigated quinoa variety was 10.21 mg/ g. For bread making, seeds were soaked in tap water overnight for de-bittering. The soaking process stopped when there is no foam formed. Preparing of pan bread was done by using the following ingredients 100 g wheat flour, 1.5 g instant active dry yeast, 2.0 g salt, 2.0 g sugar, 3.0 g shortening and water. And substitute the wheat flour by ratios up to 20% Main results reveal that the loaf specific volume decreased with the substitution with quinoa flour. The panelists found the crumb more dense and compact in bread 20% of quinoa flour compared to the control and also crust colour, crumb colour, and taste attributes. Bread parameters such as loaf specific volume, weight, crust and sensory properties were affected by the incorporation of quinoa, especially at 20% of addition, whereas the nutritional quality was increased. These new bread products were still accepted by the panelists. Quinoa is gluten-free and easy to digest; quinoa flour can used in wheat-based and gluten-free baking. Quinoa grains are used to make flour, soups, breakfast cereals. In conclusion, whole quinoa flour could be a good replacement for wheat flour in bread formulations, increasing the product's nutritional value in terms of dietary fiber, minerals, proteins and healthy fats, with only a small depreciation in bread quality at 15% of flour substitution.","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129574181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.43
S. Mokbel, A. Kheder
Multiplication of strawberry plants in tissue culture has advantages as reduced exposure to many insects and several various diseases. During 2019 growing season, strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne cv. Festival) plants showing phyllody fruit symptoms, in which petals and sepals become leaf-like, were detected in planting fields in Ismailia governorate, Egypt. Phytoplasma associated with phyllody of fruit in strawberry plants was detected using phytoplasma universal primers, accurately identified at the molecular level, and the DNA sequence has been deposited in GenBank under accession number MT757900 with Isolate name SAMA. DNA from all symptomatic plants yielded PCR products of 1278 bp, whereas DNA from asymptomatic plants collected in the field yielded no products. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence of SAMA-isolate indicated that the 16S rDNA gene shared 100% identity with StrawbPhF-isolate classified in a group 16SrI (AY102275) that belonged to new subgroup R. Meristems (0.1-0.3 mm in size) were excised from the terminal and axillary buds of the strawberry-runners and then cultured on hormone-free medium. The two sizes (0.2 mm and 0.3 mm) of meristem had pronounced effects on the phytoplasma elimination (100%), and survival rates (66.6 % and 90%, respectively), but the smaller size of meristem had a deleterious effect to survival rate (0%). After approximately seven months and a half, rooted plantlets raised from meristem culture were confirmed for phytoplasma-free by a nested PCR assay. Therefore, the production of strawberry plantlets that needs no examination for their phytoplasma infection could be expected by applying the meristem culture method.
{"title":"In vitro Propagation of Phytoplasma-Free Strawberry Plants and Molecular\u0000Characterization of the Pathogen","authors":"S. Mokbel, A. Kheder","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2020.10.3.43","url":null,"abstract":"Multiplication of strawberry plants in tissue culture has advantages as reduced exposure to many insects and several various diseases. During 2019 growing season, strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne cv. Festival) plants showing phyllody fruit symptoms, in which petals and sepals become leaf-like, were detected in planting fields in Ismailia governorate, Egypt. Phytoplasma associated with phyllody of fruit in strawberry plants was detected using phytoplasma universal primers, accurately identified at the molecular level, and the DNA sequence has been deposited in GenBank under accession number MT757900 with Isolate name SAMA. DNA from all symptomatic plants yielded PCR products of 1278 bp, whereas DNA from asymptomatic plants collected in the field yielded no products. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence of SAMA-isolate indicated that the 16S rDNA gene shared 100% identity with StrawbPhF-isolate classified in a group 16SrI (AY102275) that belonged to new subgroup R. Meristems (0.1-0.3 mm in size) were excised from the terminal and axillary buds of the strawberry-runners and then cultured on hormone-free medium. The two sizes (0.2 mm and 0.3 mm) of meristem had pronounced effects on the phytoplasma elimination (100%), and survival rates (66.6 % and 90%, respectively), but the smaller size of meristem had a deleterious effect to survival rate (0%). After approximately seven months and a half, rooted plantlets raised from meristem culture were confirmed for phytoplasma-free by a nested PCR assay. Therefore, the production of strawberry plantlets that needs no examination for their phytoplasma infection could be expected by applying the meristem culture method.","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123871599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.17
{"title":"Effect of Cobalt and Different Organic Fertilizers on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)\u0000production","authors":"","doi":"10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273673,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116222689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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