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Economic Study of Foreign Agricultural Trade Flows between Egypt and theCOMESA Bloc 埃及与东南非共同市场集团对外农业贸易流动的经济学研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.4.65
M. Barghash, A. Othman
The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) is considered of the most important forms of economic cooperation in the African Continent. The research investigates the problem that the volume of trade exchange between Egypt and the COMESA countries in general, and agricultural trade in particular. It only accounts for 7.2% during (2014-2018) of the volume of trade exchange between Egypt and the world. The research aimed to analyze intra-trade flows between Egypt and countries of the COMESA Bloc over the period (2001-2018) revealed that the value of Egyptian agricultural imports from the COMESA recorded an average of US$235 million, while the value of Egyptian agricultural exports to the COMESA recorded an average of US$132 million. Results of estimating the Basic Gravity Model for Egypt's agricultural imports from the COMESA indicated a direct relationship between Egypt's GDP and the volume of Egypt's agricultural imports, where 1% increase in Egypt's GDP lead to increasing Egypt's agricultural imports by 1.6%, the existence of common borders between Egypt and the COMESA countries result indicated that it has a direct relationship with the volume of Egypt’s agricultural imports from those countries, which is consistent with the economic logic, where the existence of common borders between Egypt and the COMESA countries resulted in increasing Egyptian agricultural imports by 3.22% .Results of estimating the Basic Gravity Model for agricultural exports indicated that a direct relationship exists between Egypt's GDP and the volume of Egypt's agricultural exports to the six countries, where 1% increase in Egypt's GDP leads to increasing Egypt's agricultural exports from the six mentioned countries by 0.05%. As for the relationship between the geographical distances between Egypt and each of COMESA countries and Egypt’s agricultural exports to those countries, results indicated an inverse relationship, which is consistent with both the economic and statistical logic, where a 1% increase in the geographical distances resulted in reducing Egypt’s agricultural exports to those countries by 0.92%. In regards to the relationship between the dummy variable representing the existence of common borders between Egypt and the COMESA countries, results revealed that it has a direct relationship with the volume of Egypt’s agricultural exports to six countries, which is consistent with the economic logic. So the search recommended to: developing the currently existing means of transportation between Egypt and each of the, Studying quality standards requirements of exports demanded by the COMESA markets thus paying attention to improving the quality of Egyptian exports to those markets, Seeking to on open new market windows for Egyptian agricultural exports . microcosm and unstable due to being affected by political issues from time to time. It only accounts for 7.2% of the volume of trade exchange between Egypt and the world. It was found that agricul
东部和南部非洲共同市场(东南非共同市场)被认为是非洲大陆最重要的经济合作形式之一。该研究调查了埃及与东南非共同市场国家之间的贸易交流总量,特别是农业贸易的问题。2014-2018年,它仅占埃及与世界贸易贸易额的7.2%。该研究旨在分析2001-2018年期间埃及与东南非共同市场集团国家之间的贸易流动,结果显示,埃及从东南非共同市场进口的农产品平均价值为2.35亿美元,而埃及向东南非共同市场出口的农产品平均价值为1.32亿美元。埃及从东南非共同市场进口农产品的基本引力模型的估算结果表明,埃及的GDP与埃及农产品进口量之间存在直接关系,埃及GDP增长1%导致埃及农产品进口量增加1.6%,埃及与东南非共同市场国家之间存在共同边界,结果表明它与埃及从这些国家进口农产品的数量存在直接关系。这与经济学逻辑是一致的,其中埃及与东南非共同边界的存在导致埃及农产品进口增加了3.22%。农业出口基本引力模型的估计结果表明,埃及的GDP与埃及对六个国家的农业出口量之间存在直接关系。埃及GDP增长1%,埃及对上述六个国家的农产品出口就会增加0.05%。对于埃及与东南非共同市场各国之间的地理距离与埃及对这些国家的农产品出口之间的关系,结果显示为反比关系,这符合经济和统计逻辑,其中地理距离增加1%导致埃及对这些国家的农产品出口减少0.92%。关于表示埃及与东南非共同边界存在的虚拟变量之间的关系,结果表明,它与埃及对六个国家的农产品出口量有直接关系,这与经济逻辑是一致的。因此,研究建议:发展埃及与各成员国之间现有的交通工具;研究东南非共同市场要求的出口质量标准要求,从而注意提高埃及出口到这些市场的质量;寻求为埃及农产品出口打开新的市场窗口。由于不时受到政治问题的影响,这是一个缩影,不稳定。它只占埃及与世界贸易额的7.2%。研究发现,农业贸易平衡偏向东南非共同市场国家。根据所描述的研究问题,该研究旨在实现的主要目标是分析埃及与东南非共同市场集团国家之间的贸易流动,并探索如何从加入该集团中获得充分利益。研究2001-2018年期间埃及与东南非共同市场集团之间的对外农业贸易流量显示,埃及从东南非共同市场进口的农产品平均价值为2.35亿美元,而埃及向东南非共同市场出口的农产品平均价值为1.32亿美元。对2012-2018年期间埃及与东南非共同市场之间农业贸易流动结构的研究显示,埃及从东南非共同市场集团的主要进口商品包括:茶、咖啡、油籽、切碎的烟草和棉花。从东南非共同市场集团进口的茶叶和咖啡的平均价值达到2.775亿美元,占埃及从东南非共同市场集团进口农产品总价值的83.2%,2012-2018年期间估计为333.6美元。在研究期间(2012-2018年),油籽、烟草和棉花的进口额约为5235万美元,占埃及从东南非共同市场进口总值的15.69%。关于向东南非共同市场集团出口农产品的结构,主要出口商品类别包括蔬菜、水果、谷物、花卉和树木、香料、药用和芳香植物以及豆科作物。在此期间(2012-2018年),埃及对东南非共同市场集团的蔬菜出口平均价值达到4550万美元,占埃及对东南非共同市场集团出口总值(估计为1.644亿美元)的27.8%。埃及出口到东南非共同市场的水果总价值分别为13.6%、6.2%、5.1%和11%。 埃及从东南非共同市场进口农产品的基本引力模型的估计结果表明,埃及的GDP与埃及从上述国家的农产品进口量之间存在直接关系,埃及GDP增长1%导致埃及从上述六个国家的农产品进口量增加1.6%。结果还表明,埃及与这六个国家之间的地理距离与埃及从这些国家进口的农产品之间存在直接关系,这可能是埃及从这六个国家进口的大部分棉花。至于埃及之间共同边界存在的虚拟变量之间的关系,它与埃及共同边界的数量直接相关,这符合经济逻辑,共同埃及和农业增长3.2%的国家。此外,关于代表国家的虚拟变量的结果在埃及农业这些国家增加了2.0%。农业基本重力模型对埃及GDP与埃及六国体量之间的直接关系的估算结果表明,埃及GDP中埃及来自六国的比重为0.05%。埃及与东南非共同边界的存在与埃及6国农产品出口总量成反比,结果表明,这与埃及与东南非共同边界的存在导致埃及农产品出口增加4.95%的经济逻辑是一致的。关于代表萨赫勒-撒哈拉国家共同体成员的虚拟变量之间的关系,结果显示它在统计上没有显著性。
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引用次数: 0
Morphological, chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of Egypt grown wild milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) seeds and evaluates their oil in fast frying process comparing with some vegetable oils 埃及野生水飞蓟种子的形态、化学特征和抗氧化活性,并与几种植物油进行了快速油炸处理
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.32
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of Soil Limitations Effects on Sugar Beet Production under Centre PivotIrrigation System, (Case Study in Menya governorate) 中心枢纽灌溉对甜菜生产的土壤限制效应评价(以孟亚省为例)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2022.12.2.11
M. HegaziI., A. Ismail, T. Semida
Egypt suffers a negative gap between sugar production and demand consumption. Therefore to minimize the gap, it is necessary to expand the area planted with sugar beet in the newly reclaimed soils, especially those cultivated under modern irrigation technology in Menya governorate. Soil limitation factors such as topography (t), wetness (w), physical soil characteristics (s), soil fertility characteristics (f), salinity, and alkalinity (n) are the main factors effective on sugar beet productivity. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of soil limitations degree on sugar beet yield. According to obtained results of beet yield production, it's summarized to three groups related to soil limitation degree as follows: the first group soils has highest yield production with an average of 115.9 MT/ha, related to best quality parameters, the second has medium crop with an average of 89.3 MT/ha, associated to medium suitability of soil limitations such as topography and soil salinity, then the third group contains the lowest an average of 66.9 MT/ha, related to medium and severe limitations, like shallow profiles and sandstone rock. The current study aimed to identify and effect of specific site properties on beet yield productivity according to intensity of soil limitation, in west Menya governorate. including 291 h for group A, 500 h group B and 209 h of group C. The results reveal that sugar beet crop in the studied soils can be classified into three groups according to productivity related to soil properties. The root yield averages of the three groups are 115.9 MT/ha, 89.3
埃及的食糖产量和消费需求之间存在负差距。因此,为了缩小差距,有必要在新开垦的土壤中扩大种植甜菜的面积,特别是在门亚省采用现代灌溉技术种植的土地上。地形(t)、湿度(w)、土壤物理特征(s)、土壤肥力特征(f)、盐度和碱度(n)等土壤限制因子是影响甜菜产量的主要因素。本研究旨在探讨土壤限制程度对甜菜产量的影响。根据获得的甜菜产量生产结果,与土壤限制程度相关的可归纳为以下三组:第一组土壤产量最高,平均为115.9 MT/ha,与最佳质量参数有关;第二组土壤产量中等,平均为89.3 MT/ha,与地形和土壤盐度等土壤限制的中等适宜性有关;第三组土壤产量最低,平均为66.9 MT/ha,与中等和严重限制有关,如浅剖面和砂岩。本研究旨在根据土壤限制强度确定特定立地性质对孟亚省西部甜菜产量的影响。其中A组291 h, B组500 h, c组209 h。结果表明,根据与土壤性质相关的生产力,所研究土壤中的甜菜作物可分为3组。三组平均根系产量分别为115.9吨/公顷、89.3吨/公顷
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引用次数: 0
Response of some olive cultivars to different salinity levels under shade house conditions 遮荫条件下部分橄榄品种对不同盐度水平的响应
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2022.12.3.22
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引用次数: 0
In vitro Evaluation of Inhibitory Potency of Galium sinaicum (Delile ex Decne) Boiss.Against Oxidation, Inflammation, and Enzymes Linked Diabetes Mellitus Type II sinaicum (Delile ex Decne) Boiss的体外抑菌力评价。抗氧化,炎症和酶相关的II型糖尿病
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2022.12.1.5
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引用次数: 0
Milk Thistle Seeds Powder: A Potential Source of High Value-Added for Functional Pan Bread 水飞蓟籽粉:功能性平底面包高附加值的潜在来源
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.1.6
S. Abozed, Manal F. Salama, Wafaa M. Abozeid, D. Baker
Silybum marianum is a member of the Asteraceae family, also known as milk thistle. The milk thistle seeds contain silymarin, silymarin is the main active compound in seeds and is both an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. The objective of the work was to determine the influence of milk thistle seed powder on the physical, antioxidant, and organoleptic properties of pan bread enrichment with different ratios (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%). Antioxidant properties, chemical composition, color properties, baking quality, texture profile analysis, freshness and organoleptic properties of pan breads enrichment with Milk Thistle Seeds (MTS) powder were analyzed and compared with control sample. Cytotoxicity effect of milk thistle seeds extract against hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG-2) using viability assay was investigated in this study. Total flavonoide contents, radical-scavenging activity, specific volume, significantly increased with the addition of MTS powder. Pan breads containing MTS powder also showed better organoleptic evaluation scores. Milk thistle seeds extract at various concentration showed an exhibited a potent anticancer effect against human liver cancer cell (HepG2). Pan breads containing MTS powder can thus be developed as a health-promoting functional food include protecting liver health.
水飞蓟是一种菊科植物,也被称为水飞蓟。水飞蓟籽含有水飞蓟素,水飞蓟素是水飞蓟籽中的主要活性化合物,具有抗氧化和抗炎作用。研究了水飞蓟籽粉在不同比例(0%、2.5%、5%、7.5%和10%)下对煎面包的物理、抗氧化和感官特性的影响。对添加水飞蓟籽(MTS)粉的烤盘面包的抗氧化性能、化学成分、颜色特性、烘焙品质、质地特征分析、新鲜度和感官特性进行了分析,并与对照样品进行了比较。采用活力法研究了水飞蓟籽提取物对肝癌细胞株HepG-2的细胞毒作用。黄酮含量、自由基清除活性、比体积均随黄酮粉添加量的增加而显著增加。含MTS粉的煎饼也表现出较好的感官评价分数。不同浓度的水飞蓟籽提取物对人肝癌细胞(HepG2)具有较强的抗癌作用。因此,含MTS粉的煎饼可开发为一种促进健康的功能性食品,包括保护肝脏健康。
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引用次数: 0
Studies on Micro Propagation of Dracaena sanderiana Plants 龙血树植物微繁的研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.1.19
Gehan M. Y. Salama, A. S. Tawila, Abla H. Dergham
The experimental was intended to find out the well protocol for in vitro propagation of Dracaena sanderiana. In this respect, plant shoot tips were effectively surface sterilized with a mixture of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as commercial Clorox and mercuric chloride (HgCl2) were used at 1.5 % NaOCl and 2.0 g/l HgCl2. Shoot tip explants were cultured on full MS-medium contains 1.5 mg/l IBA to establishment. For shoot multiplication, MS-medium contains 2 mg/l BA produced the highest number of shoots. For in vitro rooting, 2.0 mg/l IBA gave the highest number of roots and root length. Plantlets after rooting exhibited 100% survival in pots containing peatmoss and sand at a ratio of 3:1 under greenhouse conditions.
本实验旨在探索山龙珠体外繁殖的最佳方案。在这方面,次氯酸钠(NaOCl)的混合物可以有效地对植物茎尖进行表面消毒,因为商用高乐氏和氯化汞(HgCl2)分别使用1.5% NaOCl和2.0 g/l HgCl2。茎尖外植体在含1.5 mg/l IBA的全ms培养基上培养。在芽增殖方面,含2 mg/l BA的ms培养基的芽数最高。对于离体生根,2.0 mg/l IBA的根数和根长最高。在温室条件下,生根后的植株在含有泥炭和沙子的花盆中以3:1的比例成活率为100%。
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引用次数: 0
Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Oat Crackers Incorporated with CactusPear Cladodes Flour 添加仙人掌、梨粉的燕麦脆饼理化及感官特性研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.10
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Foliar Applications of Anti-Heat Stress Treatments on Yield and FruitQuality of Balady Mandarin and their Effect on Yoghurt 叶面抗热胁迫处理对巴拉迪柑产量和果实品质的影响及其对酸奶的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2019.9.4.26
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the hydrogeochemical processes affecting the Nubian sandstonehorizons: West El Mouhoub, Western Desert, Egypt 影响努比亚砂岩层位的水文地球化学过程研究:埃及西部沙漠El Mouhoub西部
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36632/mejas/2021.11.4.71
Y. Gedamy, R.G.M. Ibrahim, S. Mosaad
The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System (NSAS) is the world's largest known fossil water aquifer system. It is located underground in the Eastern end of the Sahara Desert and spans the political boundaries of four countries in north-eastern Africa. NSAS covers a land area spanning just over two million km 2 , including north-western Sudan, north-eastern Chad, south-eastern Libya, and most of Egypt. Containing billions of cubic meters of groundwater, the significance of the NSAS as a potential water resource for future development programs in these countries is extraordinary. Therefore, understanding of the hydrogeochemical processes and continuous monitoring of its groundwater regionally and locally is so vital. The present study has been conducted to investigate these processes in a pilot area of Western Desert of Egypt (West El Mouhoub). To accomplish this objective, surface water and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed to estimate the chemical properties of these water samples. The ion ratios, water type, facies, hypothetical salts, geochemical diagrams were integrated with geostatistical analyses [factor analysis (FA) and correlation analysis (CA)] to characterize the hydrogeochemical processes that are controlling the Nubia sandstone aquifer system (NSAS). The obtained results revealed that, the Sabaya and Six Hills Formations represent the main aquifer horizons where the groundwater exists under confined conditions. The groundwater within these aquifer units is mainly fresh and the salinity increases from southeast to northwest direction in the Sabaya Formation groundwater. Both the hypothetical salts assemblages and the groundwater genesis confirm that there is a connection between the Sabaya and Six Hills Formations in the investigated area. The results show a chemical development from the groundwater that dominated by bicarbonate salts to that dominated by chloride salts. The main process controlling the groundwater is the rock-water interactions. total respectively). It shown that, the in the is rich in ions and this can be attributed to the
努比亚砂岩含水层系统(NSAS)是世界上已知最大的化石水含水层系统。它位于撒哈拉沙漠东端的地下,横跨非洲东北部四个国家的政治边界。NSAS覆盖的陆地面积超过200万公里,包括苏丹西北部、乍得东北部、利比亚东南部和埃及大部分地区。含有数十亿立方米的地下水,作为这些国家未来发展计划的潜在水资源,NSAS的重要性是非凡的。因此,了解水文地球化学过程和持续监测其地下水区域和局部是非常重要的。本研究是为了在埃及西部沙漠(西埃尔穆胡布)的一个试验区调查这些进程。为了实现这一目标,收集并分析了地表水和地下水样品,以估计这些水样的化学性质。将离子比、水类型、相、假设盐、地球化学图与地质统计分析[因子分析(FA)和相关分析(CA)]相结合,表征了控制努比亚砂岩含水层系统(NSAS)的水文地球化学过程。结果表明,Sabaya组和Six Hills组是地下水在受限条件下存在的主要含水层。这些含水层单元内的地下水以淡水为主,盐度在萨巴亚组地下水中由东南向西北递增。假设的盐类组合和地下水成因都证实了研究地区的萨巴亚组和六山组之间存在联系。结果表明,地下水由以碳酸氢盐为主向以氯化物为主的化学发展过程。控制地下水的主要过程是岩水相互作用。总分别)。它表明,在这里面有丰富的离子,这可以归因于
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引用次数: 0
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Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences
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