Videolaryngoscopy (VL), supraglottic devices (SGDs), and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) have been introduced in the algorithms for the management of difficult airway in neonates but dysmorphism in various anatomical sites such as nasopharynx, oropharynx, mandible, maxilla, larynx, trachea, and cervical spine limit the use of the above equipment. We report the airway management in a neonate in which retrognathia, microtia, microstomia, and macroglossia limited visualization of glottis with a VL; cleft palate precluded the use of SGD and choanal atresia precluded the use of HFNC. Concomitant infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 necessitated a need to limit repeated airway manipulations. A timely decision in favor of a surgical airway, thus, prevented hypoxia and its related consequences.
{"title":"Failed intubation in a COVID-positive syndromic neonate","authors":"T. Samra, Anjuman Chander, Revathi S. Nair","doi":"10.4103/prcm.PRCM_1_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.PRCM_1_23","url":null,"abstract":"Videolaryngoscopy (VL), supraglottic devices (SGDs), and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) have been introduced in the algorithms for the management of difficult airway in neonates but dysmorphism in various anatomical sites such as nasopharynx, oropharynx, mandible, maxilla, larynx, trachea, and cervical spine limit the use of the above equipment. We report the airway management in a neonate in which retrognathia, microtia, microstomia, and macroglossia limited visualization of glottis with a VL; cleft palate precluded the use of SGD and choanal atresia precluded the use of HFNC. Concomitant infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 necessitated a need to limit repeated airway manipulations. A timely decision in favor of a surgical airway, thus, prevented hypoxia and its related consequences.","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133696109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Po-Yuan Wang, Wei-Chieh Tseng, E. Wu, Frank L Lu, Ching-Chia Wang
Background: Pneumonia is a common disease in children, and causes a substantial burden both on patients and health care systems. Comparison between community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and the prognosticator of hospitalized pneumonia patients in Taiwan is unclear. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, data from hospitalized children aged <18 years with a diagnosis of pneumonia from 2012 to 2013 in our institutional database were investigated. Demographic characteristics, laboratory data, identified pathogens, and treatment course was recorded for analysis. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 548 patients with 598 episodes of pneumonia (male/female ratio = 1.08) were enrolled in the database. Underlying diseases are more common in patients with HAP than those with CAP. Patients with HAP had a higher mortality and length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay than that of those with CAP. C-reactive protein (CRP) and band form plus segment neutrophil percentage were higher in patients with CAP. In multivariate analysis of CAP group, underlying disease, CRP, and band form plus segment neutrophil percentage were independent prognosticators of admission to ICU. Underlying disease and CRP were independent prognosticators of mortality. The most common pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and influenza virus. Conclusions: Patients with HAP had significantly higher mortality rates and longer lengths of hospital and ICU stay than those with CAP. CRP was an independent prognosticator of admission to ICU and mortality in patients with CAP, and also served as a prognosticator of mortality in patients with HAP.
{"title":"Epidemiology and risk factors of pediatric pneumonia in a tertiary center in Taiwan","authors":"Po-Yuan Wang, Wei-Chieh Tseng, E. Wu, Frank L Lu, Ching-Chia Wang","doi":"10.4103/prcm.PRCM_7_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.PRCM_7_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pneumonia is a common disease in children, and causes a substantial burden both on patients and health care systems. Comparison between community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and the prognosticator of hospitalized pneumonia patients in Taiwan is unclear. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, data from hospitalized children aged <18 years with a diagnosis of pneumonia from 2012 to 2013 in our institutional database were investigated. Demographic characteristics, laboratory data, identified pathogens, and treatment course was recorded for analysis. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 548 patients with 598 episodes of pneumonia (male/female ratio = 1.08) were enrolled in the database. Underlying diseases are more common in patients with HAP than those with CAP. Patients with HAP had a higher mortality and length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay than that of those with CAP. C-reactive protein (CRP) and band form plus segment neutrophil percentage were higher in patients with CAP. In multivariate analysis of CAP group, underlying disease, CRP, and band form plus segment neutrophil percentage were independent prognosticators of admission to ICU. Underlying disease and CRP were independent prognosticators of mortality. The most common pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and influenza virus. Conclusions: Patients with HAP had significantly higher mortality rates and longer lengths of hospital and ICU stay than those with CAP. CRP was an independent prognosticator of admission to ICU and mortality in patients with CAP, and also served as a prognosticator of mortality in patients with HAP.","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123082801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: To build immunity against the pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection in adolescents, wide-ranging immunization with BioNTech (BNT) vaccine was initiated in September 2021 in Taiwan. Some adverse events are, therefore, reported after vaccination. Herein, we stated a case series with uncommon pneumomediastinum after BNT vaccination. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled adolescents, who being diagnosed to have pneumomediastinum, during the 3-month period (between September 22, 2021, and December 22, 2021). Clinical information, such as clinical symptoms, radiographic characteristics, and clinical outcomes, were further analyzed. Results: A total of eight adolescents developed pneumomediastinum during the 3-month period after BNT vaccination. The time interval between pneumomediastinum and vaccination showed bimodal peak (around 10 and 60 days after BNT vaccination). Significant Macklin effect can be sketched in radiographic images of six patients. Conclusion: Several cases of pneumomediastinum were found in adolescents after BNT vaccination. The precise association is needed for further investigation.
{"title":"Pneumomediastinum following immunization of BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine: A coincidence?","authors":"S. Lai, S. Liao","doi":"10.4103/prcm.PRCM_6_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.PRCM_6_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To build immunity against the pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection in adolescents, wide-ranging immunization with BioNTech (BNT) vaccine was initiated in September 2021 in Taiwan. Some adverse events are, therefore, reported after vaccination. Herein, we stated a case series with uncommon pneumomediastinum after BNT vaccination. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled adolescents, who being diagnosed to have pneumomediastinum, during the 3-month period (between September 22, 2021, and December 22, 2021). Clinical information, such as clinical symptoms, radiographic characteristics, and clinical outcomes, were further analyzed. Results: A total of eight adolescents developed pneumomediastinum during the 3-month period after BNT vaccination. The time interval between pneumomediastinum and vaccination showed bimodal peak (around 10 and 60 days after BNT vaccination). Significant Macklin effect can be sketched in radiographic images of six patients. Conclusion: Several cases of pneumomediastinum were found in adolescents after BNT vaccination. The precise association is needed for further investigation.","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134495478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Asian pediatric respirology medicine: A vibrant field","authors":"D. Ng","doi":"10.4103/prcm.PRCM_14_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.PRCM_14_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116854638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Viral respiratory infections and intensive care admissions during the pandemic","authors":"G. Wong","doi":"10.4103/prcm.prcm_10_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.prcm_10_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134473753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Virus infection is a well-known risk factor for asthma exacerbations in temperate and subtropical countries, particularly in atopic children. However, the risk has not been well-described in tropical countries including Vietnam. Aims: To compare the odds of virus infection in hospitalized children with severe versus moderate asthma exacerbations. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Children’s Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Children who were admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with severe or moderate asthma exacerbations were recruited for the study. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from interviews and medical records. Virus infection was confirmed by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. Inhalant allergy was confirmed by a skin prick test with common indoor aeroallergens. Statistical Analysis Used: Associations among age, gender, passive smoking, child’s history of eczema, family history of asthma, virus infection, and inhalant allergy with the odds of severe asthma exacerbations were tested by binary logistic regressions. Multivariable logistic regression was done to measure the association between virus infection with the odds of severe asthma exacerbations adjusted for passive smoking. The odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported to show the strength of the associations. Results: Nearly half of the children were infected by a virus (48.5%) and had passive smoking (49.2%). The percentage of children with a positive skin prick test was 83%. The most common indoor aeroallergen was house dust mites (81.1%). The odds of severe asthma exacerbations in children with virus infection was three times higher than that in those without virus infection (OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.20‐8.60, P = 0.021). Conclusions: Immunization and other healthcare programs should be deployed to prevent asthmatic children from virus infection and passive smoking to reduce the risk of severe asthma exacerbations.
{"title":"Virus infection and severe asthma exacerbations: A cross-sectional study in Children’s Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","authors":"T. Nguyen, Tuan-Anh Tran, V. Le, K. To","doi":"10.4103/prcm.prcm_2_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.prcm_2_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Virus infection is a well-known risk factor for asthma exacerbations in temperate and subtropical countries, particularly in atopic children. However, the risk has not been well-described in tropical countries including Vietnam. Aims: To compare the odds of virus infection in hospitalized children with severe versus moderate asthma exacerbations. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Children’s Hospital 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Children who were admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with severe or moderate asthma exacerbations were recruited for the study. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from interviews and medical records. Virus infection was confirmed by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. Inhalant allergy was confirmed by a skin prick test with common indoor aeroallergens. Statistical Analysis Used: Associations among age, gender, passive smoking, child’s history of eczema, family history of asthma, virus infection, and inhalant allergy with the odds of severe asthma exacerbations were tested by binary logistic regressions. Multivariable logistic regression was done to measure the association between virus infection with the odds of severe asthma exacerbations adjusted for passive smoking. The odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported to show the strength of the associations. Results: Nearly half of the children were infected by a virus (48.5%) and had passive smoking (49.2%). The percentage of children with a positive skin prick test was 83%. The most common indoor aeroallergen was house dust mites (81.1%). The odds of severe asthma exacerbations in children with virus infection was three times higher than that in those without virus infection (OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.20‐8.60, P = 0.021). Conclusions: Immunization and other healthcare programs should be deployed to prevent asthmatic children from virus infection and passive smoking to reduce the risk of severe asthma exacerbations.","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130887942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nathan, Hng Ying, E. Peng, Nadia Gowdh, J. D. de Bruyne
Pulmonary haemorrhage is rare in children but can be life-threatening. It is recognised as a triad of haemoptysis, drop in haemoglobin or iron-deficiency anaemia and radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates. Although there can be a myriad of causes, careful history with consideration of co-morbid factors and radio imaging of the chest can help determine the most likely cause. This review will illustrate how to determine the aetiology, types of investigations to perform and management through real-life clinical vignettes.
{"title":"Approach to pulmonary haemorrhage in children: What could it be?","authors":"A. Nathan, Hng Ying, E. Peng, Nadia Gowdh, J. D. de Bruyne","doi":"10.4103/prcm.prcm_4_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.prcm_4_23","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary haemorrhage is rare in children but can be life-threatening. It is recognised as a triad of haemoptysis, drop in haemoglobin or iron-deficiency anaemia and radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates. Although there can be a myriad of causes, careful history with consideration of co-morbid factors and radio imaging of the chest can help determine the most likely cause. This review will illustrate how to determine the aetiology, types of investigations to perform and management through real-life clinical vignettes.","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132590958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffrey Whang, Yi-Lei Wu, Jia-yuh Chen, Chew-Teng Kor, Ming-Sheng Lee
Context: Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) have potential complications, such as respiratory failure, cerebral edema, or acute renal injury, all of which can lead to a prolonged hospital course. Aims: This study identified risk factors for prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay and organ failure in pediatric patients with DKA. Materials and Methods: Patients with DKA aged <19 years admitted to the pediatric ICU of our hospital between June 2011 and May 2021 were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, initial Glasgow Coma Scale score, source of admission, biochemical values, ICU length of stay (LOS), and hospital LOS were collected. The primary outcome was to identify factors associated with prolonged (≥48 h) ICU treatment. The secondary outcomes were to identify factors associated with respiratory failure, cerebral injury, or acute renal failure. Results: This study enrolled 137 patients. Nonemergency room admission was associated with longer ICU LOS [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 3.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–9.82] compared with admission from the emergency room. Older age (aOR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80–0.99) and underweight (aOR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12–0.95) were associated with shorter ICU LOS. Conclusions: Recognizing the risk factors associated with prolonged ICU LOS in pediatric patients with DKA may help clinicians with the early identification of critical DKA cases.
{"title":"Factors associated with prolonged intensive care unit treatment and organ failure in pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis","authors":"Jeffrey Whang, Yi-Lei Wu, Jia-yuh Chen, Chew-Teng Kor, Ming-Sheng Lee","doi":"10.4103/prcm.prcm_25_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.prcm_25_22","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) have potential complications, such as respiratory failure, cerebral edema, or acute renal injury, all of which can lead to a prolonged hospital course. Aims: This study identified risk factors for prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay and organ failure in pediatric patients with DKA. Materials and Methods: Patients with DKA aged <19 years admitted to the pediatric ICU of our hospital between June 2011 and May 2021 were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, initial Glasgow Coma Scale score, source of admission, biochemical values, ICU length of stay (LOS), and hospital LOS were collected. The primary outcome was to identify factors associated with prolonged (≥48 h) ICU treatment. The secondary outcomes were to identify factors associated with respiratory failure, cerebral injury, or acute renal failure. Results: This study enrolled 137 patients. Nonemergency room admission was associated with longer ICU LOS [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 3.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–9.82] compared with admission from the emergency room. Older age (aOR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80–0.99) and underweight (aOR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.12–0.95) were associated with shorter ICU LOS. Conclusions: Recognizing the risk factors associated with prolonged ICU LOS in pediatric patients with DKA may help clinicians with the early identification of critical DKA cases.","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131753814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong Kong has the highest prevalence of food allergies compared with Mainland China, Russia, and India. There has been a twofold increase in anaphylaxis incidence between 2009 and 2019, of which 20% occur in day-care and school settings. A scoping systemic search was performed with the aim of reviewing existing literature in the Asia-Pacific region regarding food allergy management in the school setting. Current loopholes and inadequacies on governmental policy regarding school anaphylaxis management were explored. 28 articles from MEDLINE-OVID were compared with a PRISMA scoping review published in 2022 having similar search terms but focusing on Western countries. Furthermore, current loopholes and inadequacies on governmental policy regarding school anaphylaxis management in Hong Kong were explored. An Internet search was later conducted to supplement the information on governmental policies for school anaphylaxis management. Most publications identified focused on assessing food allergy prevalence and causative agents. However, there is an evident lack of literature on emergency action plans and school training programs. Existing governmental policies regarding school anaphylaxis were reviewed and compared. Hong Kong currently lacks legal protection for bystanders and policies, encouraging school staff training for anaphylaxis management. Governmental regulations and subsidization are also absent in encouraging schools to purchase backup stocks of unassigned epinephrine autoinjectors. Raising awareness and improving guidelines and policies in schools are integral in the management of food-induced adverse events and anaphylaxis. Governmental support through policymaking and legislation can significantly enhance and hasten the process, thus minimizing the impact adverse food reactions bring to the pediatric population.
{"title":"Pediatric anaphylaxis management in schools: Current issues and challenges in Asia and Hong Kong. A scoping review","authors":"Shaun Lee","doi":"10.4103/prcm.prcm_22_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.prcm_22_22","url":null,"abstract":"Hong Kong has the highest prevalence of food allergies compared with Mainland China, Russia, and India. There has been a twofold increase in anaphylaxis incidence between 2009 and 2019, of which 20% occur in day-care and school settings. A scoping systemic search was performed with the aim of reviewing existing literature in the Asia-Pacific region regarding food allergy management in the school setting. Current loopholes and inadequacies on governmental policy regarding school anaphylaxis management were explored. 28 articles from MEDLINE-OVID were compared with a PRISMA scoping review published in 2022 having similar search terms but focusing on Western countries. Furthermore, current loopholes and inadequacies on governmental policy regarding school anaphylaxis management in Hong Kong were explored. An Internet search was later conducted to supplement the information on governmental policies for school anaphylaxis management. Most publications identified focused on assessing food allergy prevalence and causative agents. However, there is an evident lack of literature on emergency action plans and school training programs. Existing governmental policies regarding school anaphylaxis were reviewed and compared. Hong Kong currently lacks legal protection for bystanders and policies, encouraging school staff training for anaphylaxis management. Governmental regulations and subsidization are also absent in encouraging schools to purchase backup stocks of unassigned epinephrine autoinjectors. Raising awareness and improving guidelines and policies in schools are integral in the management of food-induced adverse events and anaphylaxis. Governmental support through policymaking and legislation can significantly enhance and hasten the process, thus minimizing the impact adverse food reactions bring to the pediatric population.","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121700408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Empyema is often associated with the consequence of infection including pneumonia, tuberculosis, or lung abscess. This study was conducted to assess the clinico-etiological profile and outcomes of empyema thoracis cases. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective hospital-based observational study conducted from July 2019 to June 2020 which included patients of either sex, aged between 2 months to ≤12 years, with empyema thoracis confirmed by radiological evidence of pleural fluid. Clinico-etiological details were collected and presented using appropriate statistics. Results: A total of 42 patients were included in the study, of which 35.7% were aged between 4 and 7.99 years and 27 patients (64.3%) were male. Twenty (47.6%) patients had a history of cough for 7–14 days while eight had cough for >14 days; however, a total of 29 (87.9%) patients had breathing difficulty for ≤7 days. Chest pain was observed in 16.7% of patients. Chest X-ray showed that right side pleural effusion was more commonly affected than the left pleural effusion (69.0% vs. 31.0%). The most common micro-organism pleural fluid culture was Staphylococcus aureus (n = 8; 20.5%). The majority of patients with empyema thoracis had elevated levels of leukocytes (>11,000 cumm) and CRP levels (>10 mg/dL) [92.9% and 97.6%, respectively]. Conclusion: The present study showed that most of the children presented at the age of 4–7.99 years with a male predominance. S. aureus was the major organism associated with pediatric empyema in this region.
{"title":"Assessment of bacteriological profile and outcome of empyema thoracis of hospitalized children: A single center experience","authors":"Sweta Sadani, M. Das","doi":"10.4103/prcm.prcm_12_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/prcm.prcm_12_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Empyema is often associated with the consequence of infection including pneumonia, tuberculosis, or lung abscess. This study was conducted to assess the clinico-etiological profile and outcomes of empyema thoracis cases. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective hospital-based observational study conducted from July 2019 to June 2020 which included patients of either sex, aged between 2 months to ≤12 years, with empyema thoracis confirmed by radiological evidence of pleural fluid. Clinico-etiological details were collected and presented using appropriate statistics. Results: A total of 42 patients were included in the study, of which 35.7% were aged between 4 and 7.99 years and 27 patients (64.3%) were male. Twenty (47.6%) patients had a history of cough for 7–14 days while eight had cough for >14 days; however, a total of 29 (87.9%) patients had breathing difficulty for ≤7 days. Chest pain was observed in 16.7% of patients. Chest X-ray showed that right side pleural effusion was more commonly affected than the left pleural effusion (69.0% vs. 31.0%). The most common micro-organism pleural fluid culture was Staphylococcus aureus (n = 8; 20.5%). The majority of patients with empyema thoracis had elevated levels of leukocytes (>11,000 cumm) and CRP levels (>10 mg/dL) [92.9% and 97.6%, respectively]. Conclusion: The present study showed that most of the children presented at the age of 4–7.99 years with a male predominance. S. aureus was the major organism associated with pediatric empyema in this region.","PeriodicalId":273845,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine","volume":"308 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123136507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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