Johannes Wettinger, V. Andrikopoulos, Steve Strauch, F. Leymann
Fully automated provisioning and deployment in order to reduce the costs for managing applications is one of the most essential requirements to make use of the benefits of Cloud computing. Several approaches and tools are available to automate the involved processes. The DevOps community, for example, provides tooling and artifacts to realize deployment automation on Infrastructure as a Service level in a mostly application-oriented manner. Platform as a Service frameworks are also available for the same purpose. In this paper we categorize and characterize available deployment approaches independently from the underlying technology used. For this purpose, we choose Web applications with different technology stacks and analyze their specific deployment requirements. Afterwards, we provision these applications using each of the identified types of deployment approaches in the Cloud. Finally, we discuss the evaluation results and derive recommendations which deployment approach to use based on the deployment requirements of an application.
{"title":"Characterizing and Evaluating Different Deployment Approaches for Cloud Applications","authors":"Johannes Wettinger, V. Andrikopoulos, Steve Strauch, F. Leymann","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.32","url":null,"abstract":"Fully automated provisioning and deployment in order to reduce the costs for managing applications is one of the most essential requirements to make use of the benefits of Cloud computing. Several approaches and tools are available to automate the involved processes. The DevOps community, for example, provides tooling and artifacts to realize deployment automation on Infrastructure as a Service level in a mostly application-oriented manner. Platform as a Service frameworks are also available for the same purpose. In this paper we categorize and characterize available deployment approaches independently from the underlying technology used. For this purpose, we choose Web applications with different technology stacks and analyze their specific deployment requirements. Afterwards, we provision these applications using each of the identified types of deployment approaches in the Cloud. Finally, we discuss the evaluation results and derive recommendations which deployment approach to use based on the deployment requirements of an application.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"8 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132899292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Felipe Díaz Sánchez, S. A. Zahr, M. Gagnaire, Jean-Pierre Laisné, I. Marshall
Cloud Brokers enable interoperability and portability of applications across multiple Cloud Providers. On the other hand, incoming Cloud Providers start to support more and more unbundled Cloud Instances offerings. Thus, consumers may set up at their will the quantity of CPU, network bandwidth and memory or hard disk capacities their Cloud Instances will have. These facts enable the standardization of interoperable Cloud Instance configurations. In this paper, CompatibleOne is presented as an approach to bring Cloud Computing as a commodity. For this, the requirements to make of a product a commodity have been identified and have been mapped into the CompatibleOne architecture components. Our approach shows the practical feasibility of bringing Cloud Computing as a commodity.
{"title":"CompatibleOne: Bringing Cloud as a Commodity","authors":"Felipe Díaz Sánchez, S. A. Zahr, M. Gagnaire, Jean-Pierre Laisné, I. Marshall","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.62","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud Brokers enable interoperability and portability of applications across multiple Cloud Providers. On the other hand, incoming Cloud Providers start to support more and more unbundled Cloud Instances offerings. Thus, consumers may set up at their will the quantity of CPU, network bandwidth and memory or hard disk capacities their Cloud Instances will have. These facts enable the standardization of interoperable Cloud Instance configurations. In this paper, CompatibleOne is presented as an approach to bring Cloud Computing as a commodity. For this, the requirements to make of a product a commodity have been identified and have been mapped into the CompatibleOne architecture components. Our approach shows the practical feasibility of bringing Cloud Computing as a commodity.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126390563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Dettori, D. Frank, Seetharami R. Seelam, P. Feillet
Cloud offers numerous technical middleware services such as databases, caches, messaging systems, and storage but very few business middleware services as first tier managed services. Business middleware such as business process management, business rules, operational decision management, content management and business analytics, if deployed in a cloud environment, is typically only available in a hosted (black-box) model. This is partly due to where cloud is in its evolution, and mostly due to the relatively higher complexity of business middleware vs. technical middleware in the deployment, provisioning, usage, etc. Business middleware consists of multiple functions for business processes design and modeling, execution, optimization, monitoring, and analysis. These functions and their associated complexity have inhibited the wholesale migration of existing business middleware to the cloud. To better understand the complexity in bringing business middleware to the cloud and to develop a systematic cloud enablement approach, we studied the deployment of IBM's Operational Decision Manager (ODM) business middleware product as a managed service (Cloud Decision Service) in IBM's BlueMix cloud platform. Our study indicates that complex middleware must be componentized along functional boundaries, and provide these functions for different business users and developers with cloud experience. In addition, middleware services must leverage other cloud services and they should provide interfaces so that they can be consumed by Java applications as well as by polyglot applications (JavaScript, Ruby, Python, etc). Applications can bind to and use our Cloud Decision Service in a matter of seconds. In contrast, it takes hours to days to setup such a service in the traditional packaged software model. Based on the lessons learned from this experiment we develop a blueprint for enabling high value business middleware as managed cloud services.
{"title":"Blueprint for Business Middleware as a Managed Cloud Service","authors":"P. Dettori, D. Frank, Seetharami R. Seelam, P. Feillet","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.68","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud offers numerous technical middleware services such as databases, caches, messaging systems, and storage but very few business middleware services as first tier managed services. Business middleware such as business process management, business rules, operational decision management, content management and business analytics, if deployed in a cloud environment, is typically only available in a hosted (black-box) model. This is partly due to where cloud is in its evolution, and mostly due to the relatively higher complexity of business middleware vs. technical middleware in the deployment, provisioning, usage, etc. Business middleware consists of multiple functions for business processes design and modeling, execution, optimization, monitoring, and analysis. These functions and their associated complexity have inhibited the wholesale migration of existing business middleware to the cloud. To better understand the complexity in bringing business middleware to the cloud and to develop a systematic cloud enablement approach, we studied the deployment of IBM's Operational Decision Manager (ODM) business middleware product as a managed service (Cloud Decision Service) in IBM's BlueMix cloud platform. Our study indicates that complex middleware must be componentized along functional boundaries, and provide these functions for different business users and developers with cloud experience. In addition, middleware services must leverage other cloud services and they should provide interfaces so that they can be consumed by Java applications as well as by polyglot applications (JavaScript, Ruby, Python, etc). Applications can bind to and use our Cloud Decision Service in a matter of seconds. In contrast, it takes hours to days to setup such a service in the traditional packaged software model. Based on the lessons learned from this experiment we develop a blueprint for enabling high value business middleware as managed cloud services.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126950108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Service brokers are commonly used in the cloud computing paradigm to represent service requesters to select a service provider. They act as an intermediary between the two parties. One model of the cloud computing paradigm involves 3 layers, the user, the SaaS provider and the Cloud provider. The selection of service requesters is challenging due to the different levels of Quality of Service that each service provider can provide. In this paper we propose a unique mechanism that allows communication between service brokers in different layers in order to further improve this selection. In addition, we introduce a metric, efficiency, which service brokers can use to deterministically compare service providers with each other.
{"title":"Communication of Technical QoS among Cloud Brokers","authors":"E. Lim, Philippe Thiran","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.92","url":null,"abstract":"Service brokers are commonly used in the cloud computing paradigm to represent service requesters to select a service provider. They act as an intermediary between the two parties. One model of the cloud computing paradigm involves 3 layers, the user, the SaaS provider and the Cloud provider. The selection of service requesters is challenging due to the different levels of Quality of Service that each service provider can provide. In this paper we propose a unique mechanism that allows communication between service brokers in different layers in order to further improve this selection. In addition, we introduce a metric, efficiency, which service brokers can use to deterministically compare service providers with each other.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130891981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many application classes, such as archiving, backup of thousands of nodes in an organization, video sharing, etc., require highly reliable and scalable storage systems. Since it is now feasible to build such storage systems with advanced open source technologies, the challenge becomes how to best utilize those technologies to build and operate such a storage system with optimized cost and performance. The focus of this work is to provide an effective solution and key insights for this challenge within the context of the OpenStack Object Storage (Swift) platform.
{"title":"Building Cost-Effective Storage Clouds","authors":"Ning Zhang, C. Kant","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.39","url":null,"abstract":"Many application classes, such as archiving, backup of thousands of nodes in an organization, video sharing, etc., require highly reliable and scalable storage systems. Since it is now feasible to build such storage systems with advanced open source technologies, the challenge becomes how to best utilize those technologies to build and operate such a storage system with optimized cost and performance. The focus of this work is to provide an effective solution and key insights for this challenge within the context of the OpenStack Object Storage (Swift) platform.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131865859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cloud storage services and NoSQL systems typically guarantee only Eventual Consistency. Knowing the degree of inconsistency increases transparency and comparability, it also eases application development. As every change to the system implementation, configuration, and deployment may affect the consistency guarantees of a storage system, long-term experiments are necessary to analyze how consistency behavior evolves over time. Building on our original publication on consistency benchmarking, we describe extensions to our benchmarking approach and report the surprising development of consistency behavior in Amazon S3 over the last two years. Based on our findings, we argue that consistency behavior should be monitored continuously and that deployment decisions should be reconsidered periodically. For this purpose, we propose a new method called Indirect Consistency Monitoring which allows to track all application-relevant changes in consistency behavior in a much more cost-efficient way compared to continuously running consistency benchmarks.
{"title":"Benchmarking Eventual Consistency: Lessons Learned from Long-Term Experimental Studies","authors":"David Bermbach, S. Tai","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.37","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud storage services and NoSQL systems typically guarantee only Eventual Consistency. Knowing the degree of inconsistency increases transparency and comparability, it also eases application development. As every change to the system implementation, configuration, and deployment may affect the consistency guarantees of a storage system, long-term experiments are necessary to analyze how consistency behavior evolves over time. Building on our original publication on consistency benchmarking, we describe extensions to our benchmarking approach and report the surprising development of consistency behavior in Amazon S3 over the last two years. Based on our findings, we argue that consistency behavior should be monitored continuously and that deployment decisions should be reconsidered periodically. For this purpose, we propose a new method called Indirect Consistency Monitoring which allows to track all application-relevant changes in consistency behavior in a much more cost-efficient way compared to continuously running consistency benchmarks.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130213752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Breitgand, Zvi Dubitzky, Amir Epstein, Oshrit Feder, A. Glikson, Inbar Shapira, G. T. Carughi
One of the key enablers of a cloud provider competitiveness is ability to over-commit shared infrastructure at ratios that are higher than those of other competitors, without compromising non-functional requirements, such as performance. A widely recognized impediment to achieving this goal is so called "Virtual Machines sprawl", a phenomenon referring to the situation when customers order Virtual Machines (VM) on the cloud, use them extensively and then leave them inactive for prolonged periods of time. Since a typical cloud provisioning system treats new VM provision requests according to the nominal virtual hardware specification, an often occurring situation is that the nominal resources of a cloud/pool become exhausted fast while the physical hosts utilization remains low.We present a novel cloud resources scheduler called Pulsar that extends OpenStack Nova Filter Scheduler. The key design principle of Pulsar is adaptivity. It recognises that effective safely attainable over-commit ratio varies with time due to workloads' variability and dynamically adapts the effective over-commit ratio to these changes. We evaluate Pulsar via extensive simulations and demonstrate its performance on the actual OpenStack based testbed running popular workloads.
云提供商竞争力的关键因素之一是能够以高于其他竞争对手的比率超额提交共享基础设施，而不会影响非功能需求，例如性能。实现这一目标的一个公认的障碍是所谓的“虚拟机蔓延”，这是一种现象，指的是客户在云上订购虚拟机(VM)，广泛使用它们，然后长时间不使用它们。由于典型的云供应系统根据名义虚拟硬件规范处理新的VM供应请求，因此经常出现云/池的名义资源很快耗尽，而物理主机利用率仍然很低的情况。我们提出了一种新的云资源调度程序Pulsar，它扩展了OpenStack Nova Filter scheduler。脉冲星的关键设计原则是自适应。它认识到，由于工作负载的可变性，可安全实现的有效超额提交比率会随时间而变化，并根据这些变化动态调整有效超额提交比率。我们通过广泛的模拟来评估Pulsar，并在运行流行工作负载的实际基于OpenStack的测试平台上展示其性能。
{"title":"An Adaptive Utilization Accelerator for Virtualized Environments","authors":"David Breitgand, Zvi Dubitzky, Amir Epstein, Oshrit Feder, A. Glikson, Inbar Shapira, G. T. Carughi","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.63","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key enablers of a cloud provider competitiveness is ability to over-commit shared infrastructure at ratios that are higher than those of other competitors, without compromising non-functional requirements, such as performance. A widely recognized impediment to achieving this goal is so called \"Virtual Machines sprawl\", a phenomenon referring to the situation when customers order Virtual Machines (VM) on the cloud, use them extensively and then leave them inactive for prolonged periods of time. Since a typical cloud provisioning system treats new VM provision requests according to the nominal virtual hardware specification, an often occurring situation is that the nominal resources of a cloud/pool become exhausted fast while the physical hosts utilization remains low.We present a novel cloud resources scheduler called Pulsar that extends OpenStack Nova Filter Scheduler. The key design principle of Pulsar is adaptivity. It recognises that effective safely attainable over-commit ratio varies with time due to workloads' variability and dynamically adapts the effective over-commit ratio to these changes. We evaluate Pulsar via extensive simulations and demonstrate its performance on the actual OpenStack based testbed running popular workloads.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124509549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santiago Gómez Sáez, V. Andrikopoulos, F. Leymann, Steve Strauch
Nowadays different Cloud services enable enterprises to migrate applications to the Cloud. An application can be partially migrated by replacing some of its components with Cloud services, or by migrating one or multiple of its layers to the Cloud. As a result, accessing application data stored off-premise requires mechanisms to mitigate the negative impact on Quality of Service (QoS), e.g. due to network latency. In this work, we propose and realize an approach for transparently accessing data migrated to the Cloud using a multi-tenant open source Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) as the basis. Furthermore, we enhance the ESB with QoS awareness by integrating it with an open source caching solution. For evaluation purposes we generate a representative application workload using data from the TPC-H benchmark. Based on this workload, we then evaluate the optimal caching strategy among multiple eviction algorithms when accessing relational databases located at different Cloud providers.
{"title":"Evaluating Caching Strategies for Cloud Data Access Using an Enterprise Service Bus","authors":"Santiago Gómez Sáez, V. Andrikopoulos, F. Leymann, Steve Strauch","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.49","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays different Cloud services enable enterprises to migrate applications to the Cloud. An application can be partially migrated by replacing some of its components with Cloud services, or by migrating one or multiple of its layers to the Cloud. As a result, accessing application data stored off-premise requires mechanisms to mitigate the negative impact on Quality of Service (QoS), e.g. due to network latency. In this work, we propose and realize an approach for transparently accessing data migrated to the Cloud using a multi-tenant open source Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) as the basis. Furthermore, we enhance the ESB with QoS awareness by integrating it with an open source caching solution. For evaluation purposes we generate a representative application workload using data from the TPC-H benchmark. Based on this workload, we then evaluate the optimal caching strategy among multiple eviction algorithms when accessing relational databases located at different Cloud providers.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124350402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wolfgang Richter, C. Isci, Benjamin Gilbert, J. Harkes, Vasanth Bala, M. Satyanarayanan
We propose a non-intrusive approach for monitoring virtual machines (VMs) in the cloud. At the core of this approach is a mechanism for selective real-time monitoring of guest file updates within VM instances. This mechanism is agentless, requiring no guest VM support. It has low virtual I/O overhead, low latency for emitting file updates, and a scalable design. Its central design principle is distributed streaming of file updates inferred from introspected disk sector writes. The mechanism, called DS-VMI, enables many system administration tasks that involve monitoring files to be performed outside VMs.
{"title":"Agentless Cloud-Wide Streaming of Guest File System Updates","authors":"Wolfgang Richter, C. Isci, Benjamin Gilbert, J. Harkes, Vasanth Bala, M. Satyanarayanan","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.36","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a non-intrusive approach for monitoring virtual machines (VMs) in the cloud. At the core of this approach is a mechanism for selective real-time monitoring of guest file updates within VM instances. This mechanism is agentless, requiring no guest VM support. It has low virtual I/O overhead, low latency for emitting file updates, and a scalable design. Its central design principle is distributed streaming of file updates inferred from introspected disk sector writes. The mechanism, called DS-VMI, enables many system administration tasks that involve monitoring files to be performed outside VMs.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123139972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper a new public key encryption and digital signature system based on permutation polynomials is developed. The permutation polynomial P(x) is replaced by P(xi) mod g(x) where g(x) is a secret primitive polynomial, i is the secret number such that (i, 2n-1) =1 and P(xi) = Pi(x) is declared to be a public polynomial for encryption. A public key encryption of given m(x) is the evaluation of polynomial Pi(x) at point m(x) where the result of evaluation is calculated via so called White box reduction, which does not reveal the underlying secret polynomial g(x). It is shown that for the new system to achieve a comparable security with conventional public key systems based on either Discrete logarithm or Integer factorization problems, substantially less processing length n is required resulting in a significant acceleration of public key operations.
本文提出了一种新的基于置换多项式的公钥加密与数字签名系统。置换多项式P(x)被P(xi) mod g(x)取代，其中g(x)是一个秘密原始多项式，i是一个秘密数，使得(i, 2n-1) =1且P(xi) = Pi(x)被声明为一个用于加密的公共多项式。给定m(x)的公钥加密是在m(x)点对多项式Pi(x)进行评估，其中评估的结果是通过所谓的白盒约简计算的，它不会揭示底层的秘密多项式g(x)。结果表明，新系统要达到与基于离散对数或整数分解问题的传统公钥系统相当的安全性，所需的处理长度n大大减少，从而显著加快了公钥操作。
{"title":"A New Public Key Encryption System Based on Permutation Polynomials","authors":"G. Khachatrian, Melsik Kyureghyan","doi":"10.1109/IC2E.2014.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IC2E.2014.52","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new public key encryption and digital signature system based on permutation polynomials is developed. The permutation polynomial P(x) is replaced by P(xi) mod g(x) where g(x) is a secret primitive polynomial, i is the secret number such that (i, 2n-1) =1 and P(xi) = Pi(x) is declared to be a public polynomial for encryption. A public key encryption of given m(x) is the evaluation of polynomial Pi(x) at point m(x) where the result of evaluation is calculated via so called White box reduction, which does not reveal the underlying secret polynomial g(x). It is shown that for the new system to achieve a comparable security with conventional public key systems based on either Discrete logarithm or Integer factorization problems, substantially less processing length n is required resulting in a significant acceleration of public key operations.","PeriodicalId":273902,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121723625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：