Xiangyan Ding, M. Deng, N. Hu, Youxuan Zhao, Xiaoyang Bi
Because the surface corrosion damage could susceptibly occur in metallic structures for the corrosive environment and fatigue loads, it essential to detect the corrosion timely and precisely before the loss of life and property caused by corrosion. Based on low-frequency Lamb wave technique, the low-frequency A0 Lamb wave, the low-frequency S0 Lamb wave and one-way S0-A0 Lamb mixing wave are experimentally investigated in the thin plates with the early stage damage caused by the surface corrosion, which were made by different times of hydrochloric corrosion. Firstly, it verified that the damage degree of the surface corrosion region increases with the number of corrosion times by the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Secondly, the linear and nonlinear effect caused by corrosion had been investigated, and the relationship between the characters of the different Lamb waves and the different corrosion damage levels were qualitatively discussed. Especially, the length and the location of the corrosion region were located successfully by one-way S0-A0 Lamb mixing wave. This paper explores experimentally the propagation mechanism of low frequency linear and nonlinear Lamb wave in thin plates with corrosion damage, which can provide an experimental basis for Lamb-wave detection techniques used in the evaluation and location of damages.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Lamb Wave Response for the Surface Corrosion Damage in Plates","authors":"Xiangyan Ding, M. Deng, N. Hu, Youxuan Zhao, Xiaoyang Bi","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98448","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Because the surface corrosion damage could susceptibly occur in metallic structures for the corrosive environment and fatigue loads, it essential to detect the corrosion timely and precisely before the loss of life and property caused by corrosion. Based on low-frequency Lamb wave technique, the low-frequency A0 Lamb wave, the low-frequency S0 Lamb wave and one-way S0-A0 Lamb mixing wave are experimentally investigated in the thin plates with the early stage damage caused by the surface corrosion, which were made by different times of hydrochloric corrosion. Firstly, it verified that the damage degree of the surface corrosion region increases with the number of corrosion times by the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Secondly, the linear and nonlinear effect caused by corrosion had been investigated, and the relationship between the characters of the different Lamb waves and the different corrosion damage levels were qualitatively discussed. Especially, the length and the location of the corrosion region were located successfully by one-way S0-A0 Lamb mixing wave. This paper explores experimentally the propagation mechanism of low frequency linear and nonlinear Lamb wave in thin plates with corrosion damage, which can provide an experimental basis for Lamb-wave detection techniques used in the evaluation and location of damages.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129115315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André Dalmora, A. Imperiale, S. Imperiale, P. Moireau
In leading-edge industrial applications, assessing structure integrity is an important aspect of safety requirements. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) proposes to use sensors and signal processing units in situ. One of the most attractive SHM techniques relies on ultrasonic guided waves. Modeling and simulation can be helpful tools for the design or the reliability assessment of SHM solutions. Currently available models developed for that purpose do not take into account effects of operational conditions such as internal stresses. These conditions can change wave propagation and therefore affect the interpretation of recorded signals. The objective of this work is to propose a model that fills this gap, and to derive corresponding numerical methods for elastic wave propagation in an arbitrarily deformed medium. Any hyperelastic constitutive law can be considered. As the structures considered are usually thin, we avoid shear-locking by using a shell formulation to solve the quasi-static problem representing the effects of structure loading. The computed displacement is then fed into a spectral elements method (SFEM) kernel to solve the time-domain linearized 3D elastodynamics problem representing the wave propagation. We validate our model against experimental data in the literature for an isotropic aluminium plate under tensile forces. Additionally, we apply these numerical procedures to a realistic bending experiment of a steel pipe. These validations steps show that our generic approach is able to capture the effects of stresses on ultrasonic guided wave propagation such as changes in wave velocity and induced anisotropy.
{"title":"A Generic Numerical Solver for Modeling the Influence of Stress Conditions on Guided Wave Propagation for SHM Applications","authors":"André Dalmora, A. Imperiale, S. Imperiale, P. Moireau","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98682","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In leading-edge industrial applications, assessing structure integrity is an important aspect of safety requirements. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) proposes to use sensors and signal processing units in situ. One of the most attractive SHM techniques relies on ultrasonic guided waves. Modeling and simulation can be helpful tools for the design or the reliability assessment of SHM solutions. Currently available models developed for that purpose do not take into account effects of operational conditions such as internal stresses. These conditions can change wave propagation and therefore affect the interpretation of recorded signals. The objective of this work is to propose a model that fills this gap, and to derive corresponding numerical methods for elastic wave propagation in an arbitrarily deformed medium. Any hyperelastic constitutive law can be considered. As the structures considered are usually thin, we avoid shear-locking by using a shell formulation to solve the quasi-static problem representing the effects of structure loading. The computed displacement is then fed into a spectral elements method (SFEM) kernel to solve the time-domain linearized 3D elastodynamics problem representing the wave propagation. We validate our model against experimental data in the literature for an isotropic aluminium plate under tensile forces. Additionally, we apply these numerical procedures to a realistic bending experiment of a steel pipe. These validations steps show that our generic approach is able to capture the effects of stresses on ultrasonic guided wave propagation such as changes in wave velocity and induced anisotropy.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114373603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The method of using multi-layer casing to achieve interlayer isolation in deep wells has become very common, and the demand for cementing quality evaluation in multi-layer casing wells is becoming more and more urgent. However, there is no effective method for evaluating the cementing quality in multi-layer cased wells, especially when the production (inner layer) casing is eccentric. In this paper, the multipole acoustic wavefield is calculated in the double-cased well with the inner casing being centered and eccentric based on the Bessel translation addition theorem, aiming to explore the feasibility of using multipole array acoustic logging for evaluating the cementation quality between the outer casing and the formation in the double-casing wells under complex well conditions. The calculation results show that the non-axisymmetric wave field excited by the multipole acoustic source is very complex, and there are coexistence of multipole modes and mutual coupling of guided waves when the inner casing is eccentric. In addition, the velocity dispersion curves of the outer Stoneley waves and the casing flexural waves are closely associated with the acoustic impedance of the medium filled in the Annulus between the outer casing and formation, which can be used to evaluate the cementation quality of the outer annulus, and this phenomenon is not affected by the position and size of the inner casing. The analysis results of this study verified the feasibility of using multipole acoustic logging for cement evaluation in double-casing wells.
{"title":"Response Characteristics of Multipole Sonic Log in Double Casing Strings","authors":"B. Rao, Yuanda Su, Shengqing Li, Xiaoming Tang","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98485","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The method of using multi-layer casing to achieve interlayer isolation in deep wells has become very common, and the demand for cementing quality evaluation in multi-layer casing wells is becoming more and more urgent. However, there is no effective method for evaluating the cementing quality in multi-layer cased wells, especially when the production (inner layer) casing is eccentric. In this paper, the multipole acoustic wavefield is calculated in the double-cased well with the inner casing being centered and eccentric based on the Bessel translation addition theorem, aiming to explore the feasibility of using multipole array acoustic logging for evaluating the cementation quality between the outer casing and the formation in the double-casing wells under complex well conditions. The calculation results show that the non-axisymmetric wave field excited by the multipole acoustic source is very complex, and there are coexistence of multipole modes and mutual coupling of guided waves when the inner casing is eccentric. In addition, the velocity dispersion curves of the outer Stoneley waves and the casing flexural waves are closely associated with the acoustic impedance of the medium filled in the Annulus between the outer casing and formation, which can be used to evaluate the cementation quality of the outer annulus, and this phenomenon is not affected by the position and size of the inner casing. The analysis results of this study verified the feasibility of using multipole acoustic logging for cement evaluation in double-casing wells.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125683739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates (CFRP) are often selected for aerospace structures due to their low weight and high strength compared to their metallic counterparts. They consist of very stiff and highly anisotropic fiber matrix ply layers, resulting in high in-plane strength. However, composite laminates are prone to barely visible impact damage when subjected to low velocity impacts during service. Undetected impact damage can cause significant strength reduction of the laminate. Effective structural health monitoring (SHM) of composite panels is therefore required to prevent component failure, which can be achieved using guided waves propagating along the structure. A number of guided wave propagation effects occur in composite laminates due to the high material anisotropy of the ply layers, such as directionality of phase and group velocity and wave steering effects. If unaccounted for, these anisotropic effects could lead to inaccurate localization of damage, and potential regions of the structure where guided waves do not provide sufficient defect detection sensitivity. Propagation of the A0 Lamb mode was investigated for multiple incident wave directions in an undamaged unidirectional CFRP panel. Full 3D Finite Element (FE) models were developed using homogenized anisotropic material properties to investigate the directional dependency of velocity. Non-contact guided wave velocity measurements were obtained using a laser vibrometer to validate the FE model. Both a point and line source were modelled to investigate the influence of the excitation source on the guided wave evaluation and signal processing. Significant wave skewing behavior was predicted from the numerical simulations for several wave propagation directions, with good agreement with theoretical values.
{"title":"Anisotropy Influence on Guided Wave Propagation and Steering in Unidirectional CFRP","authors":"F. Hervin, P. Fromme","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98375","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates (CFRP) are often selected for aerospace structures due to their low weight and high strength compared to their metallic counterparts. They consist of very stiff and highly anisotropic fiber matrix ply layers, resulting in high in-plane strength. However, composite laminates are prone to barely visible impact damage when subjected to low velocity impacts during service. Undetected impact damage can cause significant strength reduction of the laminate. Effective structural health monitoring (SHM) of composite panels is therefore required to prevent component failure, which can be achieved using guided waves propagating along the structure. A number of guided wave propagation effects occur in composite laminates due to the high material anisotropy of the ply layers, such as directionality of phase and group velocity and wave steering effects. If unaccounted for, these anisotropic effects could lead to inaccurate localization of damage, and potential regions of the structure where guided waves do not provide sufficient defect detection sensitivity. Propagation of the A0 Lamb mode was investigated for multiple incident wave directions in an undamaged unidirectional CFRP panel. Full 3D Finite Element (FE) models were developed using homogenized anisotropic material properties to investigate the directional dependency of velocity. Non-contact guided wave velocity measurements were obtained using a laser vibrometer to validate the FE model. Both a point and line source were modelled to investigate the influence of the excitation source on the guided wave evaluation and signal processing. Significant wave skewing behavior was predicted from the numerical simulations for several wave propagation directions, with good agreement with theoretical values.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134584336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The front matter for this proceedings is available by clicking on the PDF icon.
通过点击PDF图标可获得本次会议的主题。
{"title":"QNDE2022 Front Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-fm1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-fm1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The front matter for this proceedings is available by clicking on the PDF icon.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132858780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vishnu Venkatesh, Anthony Jacob Ashish, Sanchit Gupta, Abhijeet Sangani, Tanuj Jhunjhunwala, V. Upadhyay, P. Rajagopal, Krishnan Balasubramanian
Concrete is a fundamental component in civil, commercial, and industrial infrastructure. Periodic inspection is mandated to ensure safe operation during the structure’s lifetime. Recent innovations in inspection technology have enabled rapid characterization of the interior of a concrete specimen with techniques like ground penetrating radar and phased array ultrasonic tomography. A universal limitation of these conventional methods is that they are best documented for in-air application, with comparatively scant literature available for underwater deployment. Visual inspections and diver deployed semi-destructive tests are the main modes of underwater concrete inspection. Underwater, concrete structures encounter harsher conditions and larger weathering effects compared to those above. Underwater inspections sites often have poor visibility, strong currents and debris, making manned inspections risky. Divers also have limited inspection time and depth, decreasing scope and increasing asset downtime. To overcome those limitations, this paper proposes the use of remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs) to perform quantitative non-destructive tests on underwater concrete structures. ROVs developed by Planys Technologies are compact, lightweight, and versatile. They are capable of extended inspection times, and operational depths of up to 200 m. These ROVs can be deployed by a crew of 2-3 personnel and are remotely controlled from a safe location above water. One of the most well-known techniques, ultrasonic pulse velocimetry, was adapted for the marine environment. While foundational when compared to the state-of-the-art in-air techniques, it is still capable of providing a quantitative measure of a concrete structure’s integrity. The paper describes experimental results from in-lab and in-field testing, as well as limitations to practical applications.
{"title":"Non-Destructive Testing of Underwater Concrete Structures Using Remotely Controlled Drones","authors":"Vishnu Venkatesh, Anthony Jacob Ashish, Sanchit Gupta, Abhijeet Sangani, Tanuj Jhunjhunwala, V. Upadhyay, P. Rajagopal, Krishnan Balasubramanian","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98134","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Concrete is a fundamental component in civil, commercial, and industrial infrastructure. Periodic inspection is mandated to ensure safe operation during the structure’s lifetime. Recent innovations in inspection technology have enabled rapid characterization of the interior of a concrete specimen with techniques like ground penetrating radar and phased array ultrasonic tomography. A universal limitation of these conventional methods is that they are best documented for in-air application, with comparatively scant literature available for underwater deployment. Visual inspections and diver deployed semi-destructive tests are the main modes of underwater concrete inspection. Underwater, concrete structures encounter harsher conditions and larger weathering effects compared to those above. Underwater inspections sites often have poor visibility, strong currents and debris, making manned inspections risky. Divers also have limited inspection time and depth, decreasing scope and increasing asset downtime. To overcome those limitations, this paper proposes the use of remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs) to perform quantitative non-destructive tests on underwater concrete structures. ROVs developed by Planys Technologies are compact, lightweight, and versatile. They are capable of extended inspection times, and operational depths of up to 200 m. These ROVs can be deployed by a crew of 2-3 personnel and are remotely controlled from a safe location above water. One of the most well-known techniques, ultrasonic pulse velocimetry, was adapted for the marine environment. While foundational when compared to the state-of-the-art in-air techniques, it is still capable of providing a quantitative measure of a concrete structure’s integrity. The paper describes experimental results from in-lab and in-field testing, as well as limitations to practical applications.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127247211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Presence of surface breaking cracks on engineering structures such as rails, pressure vessels, turbine blades or pipelines affect the service life. Moreover, if the depth of such cracks is not known, then these parts are typically subjected to direct rejection. Economically this is highly expensive as it can cause the complete disruption of the service. Having an accurate knowledge of crack depth can be used in fracture mechanics analysis to estimate the remaining life of the structure. Among the available nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques, eddy current testing (ECT) is the most widely used method for the detection and sizing of such cracks due to their high sensitivity to surface and near surface defects. However, the size of surface cracks in length and depth requires a complex calibration. Moreover, the depth range is limited by the penetration depth of eddy current. Ultrasonic Rayleigh waves are recently attracting interest for the detection and characterization of surface cracks. The advantages include length and depth sizing as well as the possibility to scan a relatively large area from a limited number of probe positions. The generation of Rayleigh waves can be achieved using piezoelectric transducer, electromagnetic acoustic transducers, air-coupled transducer or laser ultrasound. A considerable research interest on the detection and sizing of surface crack using laser generated Rayleigh waves, has been observed. However, this technique requires extra safety from the users, may require surface preparation and the cost of the equipment is prohibitive. This work presents a method to measure the depth of surface breaking electrical discharged machined (EDM) notches using Rayleigh waves excited and received through conventional ultrasonic phased array probes. Here, the generation of Rayleigh waves is achieved through appropriate delay between the emission of each piezoelectric element of the phased array probe. The time-of-flight (TOF) information of Rayleigh waves and their interaction with the geometry of the notches can be used to size its depth. A two-dimensional finite element (FE) model was used to demonstrate the proposed sizing method. Results obtained from FE simulations show excellent agreement between the measured and simulated true notch depth.
{"title":"Surface Crack Sizing Method Using Rayleigh Waves Generated by Ultrasonic Phased Arrays","authors":"Bhupesh Verma, P. Bélanger","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98309","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Presence of surface breaking cracks on engineering structures such as rails, pressure vessels, turbine blades or pipelines affect the service life. Moreover, if the depth of such cracks is not known, then these parts are typically subjected to direct rejection. Economically this is highly expensive as it can cause the complete disruption of the service. Having an accurate knowledge of crack depth can be used in fracture mechanics analysis to estimate the remaining life of the structure. Among the available nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques, eddy current testing (ECT) is the most widely used method for the detection and sizing of such cracks due to their high sensitivity to surface and near surface defects. However, the size of surface cracks in length and depth requires a complex calibration. Moreover, the depth range is limited by the penetration depth of eddy current. Ultrasonic Rayleigh waves are recently attracting interest for the detection and characterization of surface cracks. The advantages include length and depth sizing as well as the possibility to scan a relatively large area from a limited number of probe positions. The generation of Rayleigh waves can be achieved using piezoelectric transducer, electromagnetic acoustic transducers, air-coupled transducer or laser ultrasound. A considerable research interest on the detection and sizing of surface crack using laser generated Rayleigh waves, has been observed. However, this technique requires extra safety from the users, may require surface preparation and the cost of the equipment is prohibitive. This work presents a method to measure the depth of surface breaking electrical discharged machined (EDM) notches using Rayleigh waves excited and received through conventional ultrasonic phased array probes. Here, the generation of Rayleigh waves is achieved through appropriate delay between the emission of each piezoelectric element of the phased array probe. The time-of-flight (TOF) information of Rayleigh waves and their interaction with the geometry of the notches can be used to size its depth. A two-dimensional finite element (FE) model was used to demonstrate the proposed sizing method. Results obtained from FE simulations show excellent agreement between the measured and simulated true notch depth.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"54 62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124705000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work is concerned the with analysis of the convergence of guided waves in pipes to Lamb waves in plates for isotropic materials. The main goal is to be able to define a threshold frequency above which it is reasonable to approximate waves propagating in a pipe with a certain wall thickness to radius ratio as Lamb waves. The study involves a detailed comparison of velocity differences for symmetric and antisymmetric waves in plates versus longitudinal and flexural modes in pipes. Phase and group velocities of pipes with various wall thickness-to-radius ratios are compared to a plate of corresponding thickness. An empirical convergence criterion is defined to determine the frequency above which a pipe will have a plate-like response. It is shown that “convergence” may already be reached at frequencies commonly used for nondestructive testing purposes. Analytical considerations are supported and validated by experimental results, showing good agreement of predicted and measured wave velocities.
{"title":"Guided Waves in Pipes Versus Lamb Waves in Plates - A Convergence Analysis","authors":"Fadhel Alsaffar, Lifu Wang, A. Mal, C. Schaal","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98270","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This work is concerned the with analysis of the convergence of guided waves in pipes to Lamb waves in plates for isotropic materials. The main goal is to be able to define a threshold frequency above which it is reasonable to approximate waves propagating in a pipe with a certain wall thickness to radius ratio as Lamb waves. The study involves a detailed comparison of velocity differences for symmetric and antisymmetric waves in plates versus longitudinal and flexural modes in pipes. Phase and group velocities of pipes with various wall thickness-to-radius ratios are compared to a plate of corresponding thickness. An empirical convergence criterion is defined to determine the frequency above which a pipe will have a plate-like response. It is shown that “convergence” may already be reached at frequencies commonly used for nondestructive testing purposes. Analytical considerations are supported and validated by experimental results, showing good agreement of predicted and measured wave velocities.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129214528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor Bussy, C. Vienne, J. Escoda, V. Kaftandjian
X-ray Computed Tomography is a powerful non-destructive testing tool increasingly used by manufacturers to ensure the conformity of the produced parts. Despite growing interest, it is struggling to establish itself in online testing applications due to the large number of X-ray projections required to ensure a good reconstructed image. To reduce this number of projections from a few hundred to a few dozens while still getting satisfying reconstruction quality, we propose to infer a so-called mask on the volume to be reconstructed. By constraining the back-projection of the acquired X-ray projections only on this mask, corresponding to the voxels of the volume containing matter, iterative reconstruction algorithms, already very efficient at a low number of views compared to the traditional FDK, can better reconstruct an object, and with fewer computational resources. However, this technique requires a preliminary step: registering the experimental data to the a priori mask data. This paper presents a 3D/2D registration method based on Iterative Inverse Perspective Matching that registers a 3D CAD model to experimental projections. Then, we will explain how to construct the mask and use it during the reconstruction.
{"title":"Sparse-View X-Ray CT Reconstruction using CAD Model Registration","authors":"Victor Bussy, C. Vienne, J. Escoda, V. Kaftandjian","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98042","url":null,"abstract":"X-ray Computed Tomography is a powerful non-destructive testing tool increasingly used by manufacturers to ensure the conformity of the produced parts. Despite growing interest, it is struggling to establish itself in online testing applications due to the large number of X-ray projections required to ensure a good reconstructed image. To reduce this number of projections from a few hundred to a few dozens while still getting satisfying reconstruction quality, we propose to infer a so-called mask on the volume to be reconstructed. By constraining the back-projection of the acquired X-ray projections only on this mask, corresponding to the voxels of the volume containing matter, iterative reconstruction algorithms, already very efficient at a low number of views compared to the traditional FDK, can better reconstruct an object, and with fewer computational resources. However, this technique requires a preliminary step: registering the experimental data to the a priori mask data. This paper presents a 3D/2D registration method based on Iterative Inverse Perspective Matching that registers a 3D CAD model to experimental projections. Then, we will explain how to construct the mask and use it during the reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"7 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125508350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Storage tanks are ubiquitous in various industries, and corrosion in tank bottoms is a major threat to their normal operation. A variety of nondestructive testing (NDT) methods have been proposed for corrosion detection, of which the ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) technique is widely considered efficient due to the large propagation distance and high sensitivity to defects. To obtain complete mapping of tank bottom defects, UGW tomography is usually preferred; however, the requirement to place transducers at fine angular increments can cause the measurements to be time consuming. In this paper, we report the usage of a newly designed omni-directional magnetostrictive guided wave system for tank bottom corrosion detection. Different from existing omni-directional system designs, which are typically based on sparse array elements, the system proposed here excites guided waves using a single probe in a single predominant direction that covers the area determined by its beam characteristics. The omni-directional coverage is achieved by rotating the probe with a servo motor and acquiring data at predefined angles. In this fashion, the beam directionality is improved due to a larger transducer aperture compared with those based on a sparse array of small elements, and the beam directionality remains the same at every angle. The performance of the proposed omni-directional system for corrosion inspection is evaluated experimentally by introducing drilled holes of different depths and locations in the bottom of a mock-up tank. The system was placed at several locations along the tank bottom chime plate edge (skirt), where triangulation using appropriate angular measurements can be applied to locate corrosion in the tank bottom.
{"title":"Corrosion Detection in Storage Tank Bottoms via Omni-Directional Magnetostrictive Guided Wave Inspection System","authors":"Xin Chen, A. Cobb, S. Vinogradov","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98728","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Storage tanks are ubiquitous in various industries, and corrosion in tank bottoms is a major threat to their normal operation. A variety of nondestructive testing (NDT) methods have been proposed for corrosion detection, of which the ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) technique is widely considered efficient due to the large propagation distance and high sensitivity to defects. To obtain complete mapping of tank bottom defects, UGW tomography is usually preferred; however, the requirement to place transducers at fine angular increments can cause the measurements to be time consuming. In this paper, we report the usage of a newly designed omni-directional magnetostrictive guided wave system for tank bottom corrosion detection. Different from existing omni-directional system designs, which are typically based on sparse array elements, the system proposed here excites guided waves using a single probe in a single predominant direction that covers the area determined by its beam characteristics. The omni-directional coverage is achieved by rotating the probe with a servo motor and acquiring data at predefined angles. In this fashion, the beam directionality is improved due to a larger transducer aperture compared with those based on a sparse array of small elements, and the beam directionality remains the same at every angle. The performance of the proposed omni-directional system for corrosion inspection is evaluated experimentally by introducing drilled holes of different depths and locations in the bottom of a mock-up tank. The system was placed at several locations along the tank bottom chime plate edge (skirt), where triangulation using appropriate angular measurements can be applied to locate corrosion in the tank bottom.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121518205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：