Xiaocen Wang, Min Lin, Jian Li, Dingpeng Wang, Yang Liu
Aiming at the problem of image quality reduction caused by sparse array in guided wave detection, an enhanced algorithm based on improved compressive sensing and deep learning is proposed in this paper so as to realize high-quality imaging with a small number of sensors. The enhancement algorithm consists of two parts: the sparse guided wavefield is up-sampled by the improved compressed sensing, and then the up-sampled guided wavefield is input into U-net for further recovery. After compressive sensing and deep learning enhancement, the recovered wavefield is close to the dense wavefield. Simulation is carried out and the results verify the feasibility of the method. In training and validation, the losses evaluated by mean square error (MSE) are 1.62 × 10-4 and 2.18 × 10-5 for 32 sensors and 1.65 × 10-4 and 3.44 × 10-5 for 16 sensors. Imaging performance is also verified by Pearson’s coefficient. The Pearson’s coefficient is improved from 0.9218 to 0.9517 with 32 sensors, and improved from 0.8896 to 0.9487 with 16 sensors.
{"title":"Compressive Sensing and Deep Learning Enhanced Imaging Algorithm for Sparse Guided Wave Array","authors":"Xiaocen Wang, Min Lin, Jian Li, Dingpeng Wang, Yang Liu","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98335","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Aiming at the problem of image quality reduction caused by sparse array in guided wave detection, an enhanced algorithm based on improved compressive sensing and deep learning is proposed in this paper so as to realize high-quality imaging with a small number of sensors. The enhancement algorithm consists of two parts: the sparse guided wavefield is up-sampled by the improved compressed sensing, and then the up-sampled guided wavefield is input into U-net for further recovery. After compressive sensing and deep learning enhancement, the recovered wavefield is close to the dense wavefield. Simulation is carried out and the results verify the feasibility of the method. In training and validation, the losses evaluated by mean square error (MSE) are 1.62 × 10-4 and 2.18 × 10-5 for 32 sensors and 1.65 × 10-4 and 3.44 × 10-5 for 16 sensors. Imaging performance is also verified by Pearson’s coefficient. The Pearson’s coefficient is improved from 0.9218 to 0.9517 with 32 sensors, and improved from 0.8896 to 0.9487 with 16 sensors.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122628203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Memmolo, Y. Lugovtsova, Massimiliano Olino, J. Prager
Temperature compensation strategies play a key role in the implementation of guided wave based structural health monitoring approaches. The varying temperature influences the performance of the inspection system inducing false alarms or missed detection, with a consequent reduction of reliability. This paper quantitatively assesses two temperature compensation methods, namely the optimal baseline selection (OBS) and the baseline signal stretch (BSS), with the aim to extend their use to the case of distributed sensor networks (DSN). The effect of temperature separation between baseline time-traces in OBS and BSS are investigated considering multiple couples of sensors employed in the DSN. A decision strategy that uses frequent value warning to define the optimal baseline or stretching parameter is found to be effective analyzing data from two several experiments, which use different frequency analysis with either predominantly A0 mode or S0 mode data or both. The focus is given on the fact that different paths are available in a sensor network and several possible combinations of results are available. Nonetheless, introducing a frequent value warning it is possible to increase the efficiency of the OBS and BSS approach making use of fewer signal processing algorithms. In addition, the effectiveness of those approach is quantified using damage indicators as metric, which confirms that the performance of OBS and BSS quantitatively agree with predictions and also demonstrate that the use of compensation strategies improve detectability of damage with a higher reliability of the system.
{"title":"Application of Temperature Compensation Strategies for Ultrasonic Guided Waves to Distributed Sensor Networks","authors":"V. Memmolo, Y. Lugovtsova, Massimiliano Olino, J. Prager","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98534","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Temperature compensation strategies play a key role in the implementation of guided wave based structural health monitoring approaches. The varying temperature influences the performance of the inspection system inducing false alarms or missed detection, with a consequent reduction of reliability. This paper quantitatively assesses two temperature compensation methods, namely the optimal baseline selection (OBS) and the baseline signal stretch (BSS), with the aim to extend their use to the case of distributed sensor networks (DSN). The effect of temperature separation between baseline time-traces in OBS and BSS are investigated considering multiple couples of sensors employed in the DSN. A decision strategy that uses frequent value warning to define the optimal baseline or stretching parameter is found to be effective analyzing data from two several experiments, which use different frequency analysis with either predominantly A0 mode or S0 mode data or both. The focus is given on the fact that different paths are available in a sensor network and several possible combinations of results are available. Nonetheless, introducing a frequent value warning it is possible to increase the efficiency of the OBS and BSS approach making use of fewer signal processing algorithms. In addition, the effectiveness of those approach is quantified using damage indicators as metric, which confirms that the performance of OBS and BSS quantitatively agree with predictions and also demonstrate that the use of compensation strategies improve detectability of damage with a higher reliability of the system.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115133263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon fiber composite laminates, consisting of highly anisotropic ply layers, are widely used in aerospace structures due to their good strength to weight ratio. However, due to poor interlaminar strength, composite components are prone to barely visible impact damage during aircraft operation. Sparse array guided wave imaging, using a network of distributed sensors, is an important Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) tool for the detection and localization of in-service damage in composite structures. However, the anisotropy of composite laminates influences guided wave scattering, impacting imaging performance. Defect characterization can be improved by considering the scattering characteristics of various damage types for the sparse array signal processing. Guided wave scattering (A0 Lamb wave mode) was investigated around an artificial insert delamination in a quasi-isotropic carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) panel. Permanent magnets, mounted on an undamaged region of the plate, were also used as scattering targets and compared to the delamination case. Full 3D Finite Element (FE) simulations were performed for both the delamination and magnet cases and compared to wavefield data obtained from non-contact laser measurements. Good agreement was found between the experimental measurements and simulations. Scattered guided wave amplitudes around each damage type show strong directional dependency with energy focusing along the fiber directions of the outer ply layers of the laminate. Distinct scattering behavior was observed for each damage type. A forward scattered wave was observed for the delamination, whereas the magnet blocked forward wave transmission. Implications of anisotropy and angular scattering on sparse array SHM of different defect types are discussed.
{"title":"Directionally Dependent Guided Wave Scattering for the Monitoring of Anisotropic Composite Structures","authors":"F. Hervin, P. Fromme","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98367","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Carbon fiber composite laminates, consisting of highly anisotropic ply layers, are widely used in aerospace structures due to their good strength to weight ratio. However, due to poor interlaminar strength, composite components are prone to barely visible impact damage during aircraft operation. Sparse array guided wave imaging, using a network of distributed sensors, is an important Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) tool for the detection and localization of in-service damage in composite structures. However, the anisotropy of composite laminates influences guided wave scattering, impacting imaging performance. Defect characterization can be improved by considering the scattering characteristics of various damage types for the sparse array signal processing. Guided wave scattering (A0 Lamb wave mode) was investigated around an artificial insert delamination in a quasi-isotropic carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) panel. Permanent magnets, mounted on an undamaged region of the plate, were also used as scattering targets and compared to the delamination case. Full 3D Finite Element (FE) simulations were performed for both the delamination and magnet cases and compared to wavefield data obtained from non-contact laser measurements. Good agreement was found between the experimental measurements and simulations. Scattered guided wave amplitudes around each damage type show strong directional dependency with energy focusing along the fiber directions of the outer ply layers of the laminate. Distinct scattering behavior was observed for each damage type. A forward scattered wave was observed for the delamination, whereas the magnet blocked forward wave transmission. Implications of anisotropy and angular scattering on sparse array SHM of different defect types are discussed.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123389159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growth in the use of additive manufacturing techniques for prototypes and industrial components implies the need to find robust and reliable tools for damage detection, localization, size estimation, and identification. This study focuses on guided-wave propagation in 3D-printed components and their sensitivity to damage. The material under investigation is 3D-printed poly(lactic acid) (PLA), which was used to manufacture flat plates. Several plates were prepared with varying infill densities. Lower infill density allows to save printing material, but it influences the guided-wave propagation behavior. To study the damage localization capability, plates with and without internal artificial defects were prepared. For each infill density, a healthy and a damaged plate were prepared. The guided waves were excited in the plates using surface-mounted piezoelectric transducers, while the sensing was realized by a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Five-cycle-long tone-burst excitation signals of different central frequencies were used, for comparison, where it was demonstrated that lowering the plate's infill density results in the appearance of higher-order modes at lower cut-off frequencies. Additionally, it was shown that guided-wave-based imaging can reveal hidden flaws and even the inner structure of 3D-printed polymers. This shows the good potential of guided-wave-based techniques for the structural health monitoring of 3D-printed structures.
{"title":"Damage Localization in 3D-Printed Plates with Different Infill Densities","authors":"M. Fakih, S. K. Singh, S. Mustapha, P. Malinowski","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-95348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-95348","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The growth in the use of additive manufacturing techniques for prototypes and industrial components implies the need to find robust and reliable tools for damage detection, localization, size estimation, and identification. This study focuses on guided-wave propagation in 3D-printed components and their sensitivity to damage. The material under investigation is 3D-printed poly(lactic acid) (PLA), which was used to manufacture flat plates. Several plates were prepared with varying infill densities. Lower infill density allows to save printing material, but it influences the guided-wave propagation behavior. To study the damage localization capability, plates with and without internal artificial defects were prepared. For each infill density, a healthy and a damaged plate were prepared. The guided waves were excited in the plates using surface-mounted piezoelectric transducers, while the sensing was realized by a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Five-cycle-long tone-burst excitation signals of different central frequencies were used, for comparison, where it was demonstrated that lowering the plate's infill density results in the appearance of higher-order modes at lower cut-off frequencies. Additionally, it was shown that guided-wave-based imaging can reveal hidden flaws and even the inner structure of 3D-printed polymers. This shows the good potential of guided-wave-based techniques for the structural health monitoring of 3D-printed structures.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123914540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Alnuaimi, U. Amjad, P. Russo, V. Lopresto, T. Kundu
The Sideband Peak Count – Index (SPC-I) technique, which is a newly developed non-linear ultrasonic (NLU) technique has been established as a reliable technique for detecting and monitoring non-linear detects in various materials such as metals, composites, and concrete. In prior investigations the SPC-I technique is performed by exciting a wideband sweep signal through the material. Although this is a good general approach, the SPC-I technique can be fine-tuned for specific specimens under investigation. In this investigation, a single frequency is selected as an excitation signal that is propagated through the composite plate specimens. This single frequency is experimentally defined using a pristine composite plate as a control specimen. Multiple signals are propagated through the pristine specimen at a range of frequencies in order to find the sensitive frequency. By applying the SPC-I technique on the range of signals obtained for the pristine specimen, a single fine-tuned frequency can be identified that can be used to detect and monitor impact damage in composite plates. In this investigation glass fiber composite plates that are impacted with increasing impact energy (0J, 5J, 10J, 20J, 30J, 40J and 50J) are examined using the fine-tuned excitation frequency coupled with the NLU SPC-I technique. The SPC-I technique is capable of detecting and monitoring the impact induced damage in the composite plate specimens.
{"title":"A Non-Linear Ultrasonic Approach Using a Fine-Tuned Experimentally Defined Frequency for Structural Health Monitoring of Composite Plates","authors":"H. Alnuaimi, U. Amjad, P. Russo, V. Lopresto, T. Kundu","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Sideband Peak Count – Index (SPC-I) technique, which is a newly developed non-linear ultrasonic (NLU) technique has been established as a reliable technique for detecting and monitoring non-linear detects in various materials such as metals, composites, and concrete. In prior investigations the SPC-I technique is performed by exciting a wideband sweep signal through the material. Although this is a good general approach, the SPC-I technique can be fine-tuned for specific specimens under investigation. In this investigation, a single frequency is selected as an excitation signal that is propagated through the composite plate specimens. This single frequency is experimentally defined using a pristine composite plate as a control specimen. Multiple signals are propagated through the pristine specimen at a range of frequencies in order to find the sensitive frequency. By applying the SPC-I technique on the range of signals obtained for the pristine specimen, a single fine-tuned frequency can be identified that can be used to detect and monitor impact damage in composite plates. In this investigation glass fiber composite plates that are impacted with increasing impact energy (0J, 5J, 10J, 20J, 30J, 40J and 50J) are examined using the fine-tuned excitation frequency coupled with the NLU SPC-I technique. The SPC-I technique is capable of detecting and monitoring the impact induced damage in the composite plate specimens.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117101285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romain Vo, J. Escoda, C. Vienne, Etienne Decencière
X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) has been increasingly used in many industrial domains for its unique capability of controlling both the integrity and dimensional conformity of parts. Still, it fails to be adopted as a standard technique for on-line monitoring due to its excessive cost in terms of acquisition time. The reduction of the number of projections, leading to the so-called sparse-view CT strategy, while maintaining a sufficient reconstruction quality is therefore one of the main challenges in this field. This work aims to evaluate and compare the performances of two deep learning strategies for the sparse-view reconstruction problem. As such, we propose an extensive study of these methods, both in terms of data regime and angular sparsity during training. The two strategies present quantitative improvements over a classical FBP/FDK approach with a PSNR improvement varying between 11 and 16 dB (depending on the angular sparsity) ; showing that efficient CT inspection can be performed from only few dozens of images
{"title":"Evaluation and Comparison of Two Deep-Learning Strategies for On-Line X-Ray Computed Tomography","authors":"Romain Vo, J. Escoda, C. Vienne, Etienne Decencière","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98387","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) has been increasingly used in many industrial domains for its unique capability of controlling both the integrity and dimensional conformity of parts. Still, it fails to be adopted as a standard technique for on-line monitoring due to its excessive cost in terms of acquisition time. The reduction of the number of projections, leading to the so-called sparse-view CT strategy, while maintaining a sufficient reconstruction quality is therefore one of the main challenges in this field. This work aims to evaluate and compare the performances of two deep learning strategies for the sparse-view reconstruction problem. As such, we propose an extensive study of these methods, both in terms of data regime and angular sparsity during training. The two strategies present quantitative improvements over a classical FBP/FDK approach with a PSNR improvement varying between 11 and 16 dB (depending on the angular sparsity) ; showing that efficient CT inspection can be performed from only few dozens of images","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"276 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131572437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Balasubramaniam, W. Ostachowicz, P. Malinowski, R. Soman
The use of ultrasonic guided waves (GW) in analyzing structural integrity with Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors is a promising topic to implement more in the industrial world. The paper deals with the GW-based analysis of an isotropic aluminium structure using the numerical finite element method (FEM). A set of hybrid FBG and piezoelectric transducers (PZT) are modelled to check the quick SHM GW process in isotropic structures. The PZTs are used to excite the GW that is sensed by the FBG. Multiple damaged sites with different frequencies are simulated by changing the stiffness matrix at the specified group of 3D elements. The signal processing study involves using cosine distance formulation to identify changes in the signal paths of the GW. The paper highlights the automated process of FEM modeling coupled with Matlab scripting to check FBG/PZT numerical setup effectively and to identify the damage regions in the whole structure for further verification. The FEM work is an extension and verification of the previously proposed experimental study.
{"title":"Numerical Guided Wave Analysis of an Isotropic Structure with Optical Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors","authors":"K. Balasubramaniam, W. Ostachowicz, P. Malinowski, R. Soman","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-97500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-97500","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The use of ultrasonic guided waves (GW) in analyzing structural integrity with Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors is a promising topic to implement more in the industrial world. The paper deals with the GW-based analysis of an isotropic aluminium structure using the numerical finite element method (FEM). A set of hybrid FBG and piezoelectric transducers (PZT) are modelled to check the quick SHM GW process in isotropic structures. The PZTs are used to excite the GW that is sensed by the FBG. Multiple damaged sites with different frequencies are simulated by changing the stiffness matrix at the specified group of 3D elements. The signal processing study involves using cosine distance formulation to identify changes in the signal paths of the GW. The paper highlights the automated process of FEM modeling coupled with Matlab scripting to check FBG/PZT numerical setup effectively and to identify the damage regions in the whole structure for further verification. The FEM work is an extension and verification of the previously proposed experimental study.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125437189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electromagnetic Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) sensing, for multi-casing corrosion evaluation in Oil and Gas industry, can be categorized as either collocated or non-collocated methods. Our recent 3D finite-element modeling- and advanced processing-based studies [7-8] showed that although collocated sensors, having localized sensitivities, give an intuitive time-to-depth (qualitative) corrosion display, they lack the sensitivity to fully resolve casings behind the second pipe in addition to suffering badly from eccentering and changing pipe properties. Inversion of multiple spacings and multi-frequency non-collocated measurements in centralized settings [2] gives good results for up to four centered pipes but the quality of results is severely compromised by casing and tool eccentering (limiting maximum utilizable frequency for interpretation), and by ghosting effect (double indication of same heterogeneity – limiting reliability near casing collars). In this work, the impact of approaching anomalies and eccentering, as typically encountered while logging a multi-casing oil and gas well, will be analyzed in detail through 3D modeling studies and advanced processing schemes introduced to address these issues.
{"title":"Towards Robust Multi-Casing Evaluation Using Pulsed Eddy Current Sensors","authors":"S. Omar","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98403","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Electromagnetic Pulsed Eddy Current (PEC) sensing, for multi-casing corrosion evaluation in Oil and Gas industry, can be categorized as either collocated or non-collocated methods. Our recent 3D finite-element modeling- and advanced processing-based studies [7-8] showed that although collocated sensors, having localized sensitivities, give an intuitive time-to-depth (qualitative) corrosion display, they lack the sensitivity to fully resolve casings behind the second pipe in addition to suffering badly from eccentering and changing pipe properties. Inversion of multiple spacings and multi-frequency non-collocated measurements in centralized settings [2] gives good results for up to four centered pipes but the quality of results is severely compromised by casing and tool eccentering (limiting maximum utilizable frequency for interpretation), and by ghosting effect (double indication of same heterogeneity – limiting reliability near casing collars).\u0000 In this work, the impact of approaching anomalies and eccentering, as typically encountered while logging a multi-casing oil and gas well, will be analyzed in detail through 3D modeling studies and advanced processing schemes introduced to address these issues.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121851194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Amjad, H. Alnuaimi, Arash Nikvar-Hassani, Imraan Bokhari, Lianyang Zhang, T. Kundu
Continuous monitoring is the most desirable approach for ensuring the health/integrity of concrete structures. It is particularly difficult to monitor concrete structures due to their non-linear nature and random distribution of constituents. Evaluation of properties of concrete as a heterogeneous composite has been performed by various techniques ranging from highly sophisticated physicochemical characterization to mechanical tests. The linear ultrasonic techniques generally measure the time-of-flight or the attenuation of a propagating wave. In recent years, the non-linear ultrasonic techniques have been proven to overcome some of the challenges during concrete curing monitoring. In this investigation, ultrasonic testing is carried out on concrete prism specimens. The specimens are placed in a 4-point loading machine and stressed until failure. Ultrasonic signals are propagated through the specimens using tuned PZT transducers in a transmission mode. The ultrasonic testing is carried out in a continuous real-time way to allow real-time prediction of specimen deterioration before its catastrophic failure. The results show that the traditional linear ultrasonic techniques (such as the first-arrival technique and signal attenuation) cannot detect concrete deterioration before its failure . However, the non-linear ultrasonic technique, i.e., the Sideband Peak Count-Index (SPC-I), is sensitive enough to detect concrete deterioration before its failure. Therefore, the SPC-I technique can be deployed for continuous reliable monitoring of concrete structures.
{"title":"Real-Time Structural Health Monitoring of Concrete Using the Non-Linear Ultrasonic SPC-I Technique","authors":"U. Amjad, H. Alnuaimi, Arash Nikvar-Hassani, Imraan Bokhari, Lianyang Zhang, T. Kundu","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98407","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Continuous monitoring is the most desirable approach for ensuring the health/integrity of concrete structures. It is particularly difficult to monitor concrete structures due to their non-linear nature and random distribution of constituents. Evaluation of properties of concrete as a heterogeneous composite has been performed by various techniques ranging from highly sophisticated physicochemical characterization to mechanical tests. The linear ultrasonic techniques generally measure the time-of-flight or the attenuation of a propagating wave. In recent years, the non-linear ultrasonic techniques have been proven to overcome some of the challenges during concrete curing monitoring. In this investigation, ultrasonic testing is carried out on concrete prism specimens. The specimens are placed in a 4-point loading machine and stressed until failure. Ultrasonic signals are propagated through the specimens using tuned PZT transducers in a transmission mode. The ultrasonic testing is carried out in a continuous real-time way to allow real-time prediction of specimen deterioration before its catastrophic failure. The results show that the traditional linear ultrasonic techniques (such as the first-arrival technique and signal attenuation) cannot detect concrete deterioration before its failure . However, the non-linear ultrasonic technique, i.e., the Sideband Peak Count-Index (SPC-I), is sensitive enough to detect concrete deterioration before its failure. Therefore, the SPC-I technique can be deployed for continuous reliable monitoring of concrete structures.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121053315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrasonic Guided waves (UGW) are one of the most promising tools for SHM especially for thin-walled structures like composites by allowing fast inspection of a large area in-service conditions. However, for practical applications a quality assessment is necessary to estimate damage detection capacity and probability of the designed SHM system. Such evaluation of a general overview for an arbitrary structure is limited with experiments due to repetitive wavefield measurements. Validated numerical analysis tools must be used. In this work, validation study for a complex composite structure with Elastodynamic Finite Integration Technique (EFIT) will be presented. As reference model the measurement data coming from the Open Guided Waves Project (OGW) was selected. The dataset consists of measurements for two different cases called local and large stringer debond with additional baseline measurements. Within this contribution this experiment is reproduced by simulation using EFIT. Results show a good match between the experimental and simulated datasets, as the input parameters are fully determined prior to the simulations. The paper motivates further research, for example related to probability of detection analysis and numerical performance of the results.
{"title":"Validation of Numerical Wavefield Modelling and Damage Interaction in Complex Composite Structures Using Data from Open Guided Waves","authors":"Enes Savli, K. Tschöke, L. Schubert","doi":"10.1115/qnde2022-98225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/qnde2022-98225","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Ultrasonic Guided waves (UGW) are one of the most promising tools for SHM especially for thin-walled structures like composites by allowing fast inspection of a large area in-service conditions. However, for practical applications a quality assessment is necessary to estimate damage detection capacity and probability of the designed SHM system. Such evaluation of a general overview for an arbitrary structure is limited with experiments due to repetitive wavefield measurements. Validated numerical analysis tools must be used. In this work, validation study for a complex composite structure with Elastodynamic Finite Integration Technique (EFIT) will be presented. As reference model the measurement data coming from the Open Guided Waves Project (OGW) was selected. The dataset consists of measurements for two different cases called local and large stringer debond with additional baseline measurements. Within this contribution this experiment is reproduced by simulation using EFIT. Results show a good match between the experimental and simulated datasets, as the input parameters are fully determined prior to the simulations. The paper motivates further research, for example related to probability of detection analysis and numerical performance of the results.","PeriodicalId":276311,"journal":{"name":"2022 49th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation","volume":"227 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115746292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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