Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922358
Mahnoor Aftab, S. M. Ahsan, Muhammad Adeel Pasha, A. Hameed, N. Zaffar, A. Dant, Axel Sikora
To deal with frequent power outages in developing countries, people turn to solutions like uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which stores electric energy during normal operating hours and use it to meet energy needs during rolling blackout intervals. Locally produced UPSs of poorer power quality are widely accessible in the marketplaces, and they have a negative impact on power quality. The charging and discharging of the batteries in these UPSs generate significant amount of power losses in weak grid environments. The Smart-UPS is our proposed smart energy metering (SEM) solution for low voltage consumers that is provided by the distribution company. It does not require batteries, therefore there is no power loss or harmonic distortion due to corresponding charging and discharging. Through load flow and harmonic analysis of both traditional UPS and Smart-UPS systems on ETAP, this paper examines their impact on the harmonics and stability of the distribution grid. The simulation results demonstrate that Smart-UPS can assist fixing power quality issues in a developing country like Pakistan by providing cleaner energy than the battery-operated traditional UPSs.
{"title":"Effects of Conventional UPS vs Smart Energy Metering Solution on Harmonics and Grid Stability for Low Voltage Consumers in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Pakistan","authors":"Mahnoor Aftab, S. M. Ahsan, Muhammad Adeel Pasha, A. Hameed, N. Zaffar, A. Dant, Axel Sikora","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922358","url":null,"abstract":"To deal with frequent power outages in developing countries, people turn to solutions like uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which stores electric energy during normal operating hours and use it to meet energy needs during rolling blackout intervals. Locally produced UPSs of poorer power quality are widely accessible in the marketplaces, and they have a negative impact on power quality. The charging and discharging of the batteries in these UPSs generate significant amount of power losses in weak grid environments. The Smart-UPS is our proposed smart energy metering (SEM) solution for low voltage consumers that is provided by the distribution company. It does not require batteries, therefore there is no power loss or harmonic distortion due to corresponding charging and discharging. Through load flow and harmonic analysis of both traditional UPS and Smart-UPS systems on ETAP, this paper examines their impact on the harmonics and stability of the distribution grid. The simulation results demonstrate that Smart-UPS can assist fixing power quality issues in a developing country like Pakistan by providing cleaner energy than the battery-operated traditional UPSs.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114734933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921847
Johannes Zenkert, Danielle Karl, Mareike Dornhöfer, M. Fathi, Christine Becker
This short paper describes an exemplary Smart City model-project called LOKAL-digital. The model area is the city of Netphen in Germany, a city located in a rural area of North Rhine- Westphalia of about 23.000 inhabitants. Project goal is the establishment of a knowledge management solution supporting digital services for living, care and health services provided by the city itself as well as other local service providers. Users of the solution will be elderly inhabitants, informal or formal caregivers and other interested inhabitants requiring support.
{"title":"LOKAL-digital - Smart Knowledge Management for Housing, Care and Health","authors":"Johannes Zenkert, Danielle Karl, Mareike Dornhöfer, M. Fathi, Christine Becker","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921847","url":null,"abstract":"This short paper describes an exemplary Smart City model-project called LOKAL-digital. The model area is the city of Netphen in Germany, a city located in a rural area of North Rhine- Westphalia of about 23.000 inhabitants. Project goal is the establishment of a knowledge management solution supporting digital services for living, care and health services provided by the city itself as well as other local service providers. Users of the solution will be elderly inhabitants, informal or formal caregivers and other interested inhabitants requiring support.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130143671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922581
Fabrizio De Vita, Giorgio Nocera, Orlando Marco Belcore, A. Polimeni, F. Longo, Dario Bruneo, M. D. Gangi
The technology and innovations introduced by information systems have revolutionized how public institutions use their infrastructures and manage their assets. Even more, the need to carry out maintenance and to guarantee adequate standards of safety, efficiency, and quality of the services provided has prompted administrations and managers to integrate, in their management plans, the use of Information Computer Technologies (ICT). They are used as a tool through which it is possible to ensure the transition between the previous management and the new needs in the context of Smart mobility and, in general, Smart City. In this sense, this paper introduces a remote monitoring system built at the port terminal of Tremestieri (located in the city of Messina, Italy) that exploits deep learning to perform an Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) of vehicles transiting the area. Using a set of cameras installed at the terminal, this system allows to compute synthetic traffic indicators (e.g., arrival distribution, travel time, platooning and queuing phenomena) that can be used to infer the traffic conditions and the overall operability of the infrastructure in a non-invasive manner, highlighting daily peak hours and trends in the use of the terminal, also achieving an estimation of congestion phases.
{"title":"Traffic Condition Estimation at the Smart City Edge using Deep Learning: A Ro-Pax Terminal Case Study","authors":"Fabrizio De Vita, Giorgio Nocera, Orlando Marco Belcore, A. Polimeni, F. Longo, Dario Bruneo, M. D. Gangi","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922581","url":null,"abstract":"The technology and innovations introduced by information systems have revolutionized how public institutions use their infrastructures and manage their assets. Even more, the need to carry out maintenance and to guarantee adequate standards of safety, efficiency, and quality of the services provided has prompted administrations and managers to integrate, in their management plans, the use of Information Computer Technologies (ICT). They are used as a tool through which it is possible to ensure the transition between the previous management and the new needs in the context of Smart mobility and, in general, Smart City. In this sense, this paper introduces a remote monitoring system built at the port terminal of Tremestieri (located in the city of Messina, Italy) that exploits deep learning to perform an Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) of vehicles transiting the area. Using a set of cameras installed at the terminal, this system allows to compute synthetic traffic indicators (e.g., arrival distribution, travel time, platooning and queuing phenomena) that can be used to infer the traffic conditions and the overall operability of the infrastructure in a non-invasive manner, highlighting daily peak hours and trends in the use of the terminal, also achieving an estimation of congestion phases.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130970368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922154
A. Arsalis, G. Georghiou, Alexandre Delode, Angelos I. Nousdilis, A. Bouhouras, Georgios C. Christoforidis, E. Gal, Vladislav Grigorovitch, G. Celli, S. Mocci, Avi Naim, Elad Topel
Green electrification and carbon neutrality are of critical importance for the future of the Mediterranean area (MED) because it is expected to suffer more than other areas from climate change. The path to decarbonization requires the electrification and digitalization of the power infrastructure with the deployment of innovative energy systems. Future energy solutions must be based on Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to replace the existing fossil fuel-based power generators. To increase the RES share and accelerate this transformation to a more sustainable energy future, it is required to develop decentralized systems with a high level of operational flexibility. Solar energy is abundant in the MED area, but due to its intermittent nature, solar Photovoltaics (PVs) cannot satisfy electrical energy demand as standalone systems. A possible way to increase self-sufficiency and RES share is to couple PV modules with Energy Storage Systems (ESS) and Demand Side Management (DSM). The BERLIN project has been created with the aim of materializing these targets, and to create a new paradigm under the concept of hybrid nanogrid PV-ESS-DSM systems. The current paper describes the components, configurations, and operating principles of the hybrid PV-ESS-DSM nanogrid demonstration systems that are currently under development.
{"title":"Development of Hybrid Photovoltaic-based Nanogrids for the Energy Rehabilitation of Public Buildings: The BERLIN Project","authors":"A. Arsalis, G. Georghiou, Alexandre Delode, Angelos I. Nousdilis, A. Bouhouras, Georgios C. Christoforidis, E. Gal, Vladislav Grigorovitch, G. Celli, S. Mocci, Avi Naim, Elad Topel","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922154","url":null,"abstract":"Green electrification and carbon neutrality are of critical importance for the future of the Mediterranean area (MED) because it is expected to suffer more than other areas from climate change. The path to decarbonization requires the electrification and digitalization of the power infrastructure with the deployment of innovative energy systems. Future energy solutions must be based on Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to replace the existing fossil fuel-based power generators. To increase the RES share and accelerate this transformation to a more sustainable energy future, it is required to develop decentralized systems with a high level of operational flexibility. Solar energy is abundant in the MED area, but due to its intermittent nature, solar Photovoltaics (PVs) cannot satisfy electrical energy demand as standalone systems. A possible way to increase self-sufficiency and RES share is to couple PV modules with Energy Storage Systems (ESS) and Demand Side Management (DSM). The BERLIN project has been created with the aim of materializing these targets, and to create a new paradigm under the concept of hybrid nanogrid PV-ESS-DSM systems. The current paper describes the components, configurations, and operating principles of the hybrid PV-ESS-DSM nanogrid demonstration systems that are currently under development.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114186909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921782
Georgi Tancev, F. G. Toro
In the context of smart cities, high-resolution air quality monitoring with low-cost sensor systems has seen remarkable interest. These systems, however, need frequent recalibration to maintain metrological traceability. Air pollution models based on partial differential equations offer an arbitrary spatial and temporal resolution, but they require some experimental data as initial and boundary conditions in order to be solved. This theoretical paper makes considerations that air quality monitoring networks and air pollution models could be combined into one single measurement instrument. Not only would this allow a high resolution with a lower number of network nodes but it would also result in a simple method for recalibration, given the traceability of simulations. At the same time, the performed measurements would serve as input for the solution of the differential equations. While all necessary parts for a potential realization are available, challenges such as low data quality and computational burden have to be overcome first.
{"title":"Towards a Digital Twin for Air Quality Monitoring Networks in Smart Cities","authors":"Georgi Tancev, F. G. Toro","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921782","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of smart cities, high-resolution air quality monitoring with low-cost sensor systems has seen remarkable interest. These systems, however, need frequent recalibration to maintain metrological traceability. Air pollution models based on partial differential equations offer an arbitrary spatial and temporal resolution, but they require some experimental data as initial and boundary conditions in order to be solved. This theoretical paper makes considerations that air quality monitoring networks and air pollution models could be combined into one single measurement instrument. Not only would this allow a high resolution with a lower number of network nodes but it would also result in a simple method for recalibration, given the traceability of simulations. At the same time, the performed measurements would serve as input for the solution of the differential equations. While all necessary parts for a potential realization are available, challenges such as low data quality and computational burden have to be overcome first.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115862635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922556
Hendra Sandhi Firmansyah, S. Supangkat
Smart city implementation, including various smart solution projects, is widely applied to solve urban problems such as traffic, environment, safety, etc. However, many smart solutions fail to solve urban problems when implemented. This study proposes a living lab approach to help achieve the goals of smart city development. Furthermore, if another living lab approach only talks about one problem, our study discusses how the living lab integrates multiple problems into one platform that evaluates and monitors the living lab. This study also introduces and discusses DDG as an area that integrates multiple services. The DDG area is a pilot project of the integrated living lab that can manage some issues such as waste, mobility, and economy in an integrated living lab platform that provides information for decision making.
{"title":"Smart World Living Lab: A Living Lab Approach to Improve Smart City Implementation (Introducing the DDG areas as an integrated Living Lab)","authors":"Hendra Sandhi Firmansyah, S. Supangkat","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922556","url":null,"abstract":"Smart city implementation, including various smart solution projects, is widely applied to solve urban problems such as traffic, environment, safety, etc. However, many smart solutions fail to solve urban problems when implemented. This study proposes a living lab approach to help achieve the goals of smart city development. Furthermore, if another living lab approach only talks about one problem, our study discusses how the living lab integrates multiple problems into one platform that evaluates and monitors the living lab. This study also introduces and discusses DDG as an area that integrates multiple services. The DDG area is a pilot project of the integrated living lab that can manage some issues such as waste, mobility, and economy in an integrated living lab platform that provides information for decision making.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116670827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921787
Asha Kambe, Reiya Tamaki, Tatsuoki Nakajima
In virtual worlds such as those realized through virtual reality technologies, the participants usually use the third-person perspective to see a wider area because the third-person perspective provides a variety of benefits. In this study, we propose an approach using both the first-person and third-person perspectives in real world applications, such as in smart city services, and evaluate the potential opportunities to offer more advanced digital services. We collect use cases and opinions for designing the prototype system's video presentation methods. Then, we implement prototype systems that enable the users to see from both the first-person and third-person perspectives by using webcams and a head-mounted display. Our approach makes it possible to develop new types of game-inspired smart city services that offer more opportunities through the multiple perspectives.
{"title":"Making both first-person and third-person perspectives available in real world services","authors":"Asha Kambe, Reiya Tamaki, Tatsuoki Nakajima","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9921787","url":null,"abstract":"In virtual worlds such as those realized through virtual reality technologies, the participants usually use the third-person perspective to see a wider area because the third-person perspective provides a variety of benefits. In this study, we propose an approach using both the first-person and third-person perspectives in real world applications, such as in smart city services, and evaluate the potential opportunities to offer more advanced digital services. We collect use cases and opinions for designing the prototype system's video presentation methods. Then, we implement prototype systems that enable the users to see from both the first-person and third-person perspectives by using webcams and a head-mounted display. Our approach makes it possible to develop new types of game-inspired smart city services that offer more opportunities through the multiple perspectives.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130365529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922217
T. Barbu
A novel single static-camera multiple pedestrian detection and tracking system, which could be succesfully used by the Smart City technologies, is introduced in this article. The moving person detection process is performed by applying a combination of advanced computer vision and machine learning solutions, such as Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM), Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG), Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Aggregate Channel Features (ACF), to each frame of the color video sequence. An instance matching-based tracking technique that uses a deep learning-based multiscale analysis of the subimages of the detected pedestrians is then proposed. Its scale-space is created by applying the numerical approximation algorithm of a well-posed nonlinear anisotropic diffusion-based model that is introduced here. The results of the pedestrian detection and tracking experiments are described in the end.
{"title":"Multiple Pedestrian Tracking Framework using Deep Learning-based Multiscale Image Analysis for Stationary-camera Video Surveillance","authors":"T. Barbu","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922217","url":null,"abstract":"A novel single static-camera multiple pedestrian detection and tracking system, which could be succesfully used by the Smart City technologies, is introduced in this article. The moving person detection process is performed by applying a combination of advanced computer vision and machine learning solutions, such as Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM), Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG), Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Aggregate Channel Features (ACF), to each frame of the color video sequence. An instance matching-based tracking technique that uses a deep learning-based multiscale analysis of the subimages of the detected pedestrians is then proposed. Its scale-space is created by applying the numerical approximation algorithm of a well-posed nonlinear anisotropic diffusion-based model that is introduced here. The results of the pedestrian detection and tracking experiments are described in the end.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114490832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922146
E. Villa, Giacomo Preti, Marco Riva, V. Breschi, M. Tanelli
Planning mobility solutions that are tailored to the users needs, while being sustainable and energy efficient, will be crucial for the development of the Smart Cities of the future. This is especially true nowadays, given the environmental and political issues characterizing this historical time. Sharing mobility can be an asset in increasing the sustainability of daily transportation in urban areas, allowing more people to move around, while leading to energy and resource savings. At the same time, there are several barriers preventing the adoption of this mobility solution. In this work, we introduce the steps leading to the construction of the Sharing-DNA, a novel data-driven tool to understand the main levers of individual attitudes towards sharing services. By compactly embedding relevant information on the socio-economic profile and mobility preferences of potential adopters, this new tool can be of use for the design of incentive policies in the future Smart Cities. This is proven by the preliminary results obtained by exploiting the Sharing-DNA to detect clusters of sharing-oriented and less sharing-enthusiast individuals within Europe. The characteristics of these clusters allow us to shed a light on the attributes of the final users (or potential ones) of sharing services, providing a useful machinery for the design of common fostering policies.
{"title":"Sharing-DNA: a data-driven tool to map the attitude towards sharing services across Europe","authors":"E. Villa, Giacomo Preti, Marco Riva, V. Breschi, M. Tanelli","doi":"10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC255366.2022.9922146","url":null,"abstract":"Planning mobility solutions that are tailored to the users needs, while being sustainable and energy efficient, will be crucial for the development of the Smart Cities of the future. This is especially true nowadays, given the environmental and political issues characterizing this historical time. Sharing mobility can be an asset in increasing the sustainability of daily transportation in urban areas, allowing more people to move around, while leading to energy and resource savings. At the same time, there are several barriers preventing the adoption of this mobility solution. In this work, we introduce the steps leading to the construction of the Sharing-DNA, a novel data-driven tool to understand the main levers of individual attitudes towards sharing services. By compactly embedding relevant information on the socio-economic profile and mobility preferences of potential adopters, this new tool can be of use for the design of incentive policies in the future Smart Cities. This is proven by the preliminary results obtained by exploiting the Sharing-DNA to detect clusters of sharing-oriented and less sharing-enthusiast individuals within Europe. The characteristics of these clusters allow us to shed a light on the attributes of the final users (or potential ones) of sharing services, providing a useful machinery for the design of common fostering policies.","PeriodicalId":277015,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)","volume":"31 47","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113955055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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