The aim of this research is to give an accurate account of how female stereotypes around the concept of hygiene and domesticity in early 20thC North American context influenced newly arrived Eastern European immigrants. Located in New York’s Lower East Side ghetto and determined by their Jewish background, these immigrants’ arrival caused them a cultural shock to the point that they started shaping their identities according to the new standard of beauty and cleanliness related to the Americanness they were eager to perform. For this purpose, Anzia Yezierska’s short story The Lost Beautifulness serves as a referent because it demonstrates the failure of Americanization as the prospective means through which the American Dream could be experienced, a credo which, according to the author, would only reinforce classist policies instead of cancelling them. To this effect, Yezierska depicts the actual consequences for these Jewish female immigrants after attempting to Americanize their private household spaces and maintain, thus, the standard of cleanliness necessary to validate their accurate adaptation to the American culture from their ghettoized and marginalized context. Keywords: Americanization, Anzia Yezierska, female stereotypes, whitening, domesticity, American Dream
本研究的目的是准确描述20世纪初北美环境中围绕卫生和家庭生活概念的女性刻板印象如何影响新到达的东欧移民。这些移民位于纽约下东区犹太区，由于他们的犹太背景，他们的到来给他们带来了文化冲击，以至于他们开始根据与他们渴望表现的美国特质相关的美丽和清洁的新标准来塑造自己的身份。为此，Anzia Yezierska的短篇小说《失落的美》(The Lost beauty)可以作为参考，因为它展示了美国化作为体验美国梦的潜在手段的失败，在作者看来，这种信条只会加强而不是取消阶级主义政策。为此，Yezierska描绘了这些犹太女性移民在试图将其私人家庭空间美国化并因此保持必要的清洁标准后的实际后果，以验证她们从被隔离和边缘化的环境中准确适应美国文化。关键词:美国化，安齐娅·叶泽尔斯卡，女性刻板印象，美白，家庭生活，美国梦
{"title":"Whitening Domestic Spaces: Enacting Female Roles in Anzia Yezierska's The Lost Beautifulness","authors":"Rebeca Campos Ferreras","doi":"10.17561/grove.v26.a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17561/grove.v26.a1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is to give an accurate account of how female stereotypes around the concept of hygiene and domesticity in early 20thC North American context influenced newly arrived Eastern European immigrants. Located in New York’s Lower East Side ghetto and determined by their Jewish background, these immigrants’ arrival caused them a cultural shock to the point that they started shaping their identities according to the new standard of beauty and cleanliness related to the Americanness they were eager to perform. For this purpose, Anzia Yezierska’s short story The Lost Beautifulness serves as a referent because it demonstrates the failure of Americanization as the prospective means through which the American Dream could be experienced, a credo which, according to the author, would only reinforce classist policies instead of cancelling them. To this effect, Yezierska depicts the actual consequences for these Jewish female immigrants after attempting to Americanize their private household spaces and maintain, thus, the standard of cleanliness necessary to validate their accurate adaptation to the American culture from their ghettoized and marginalized context. \u0000Keywords: Americanization, Anzia Yezierska, female stereotypes, whitening, domesticity, American Dream \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":280802,"journal":{"name":"The Grove - Working Papers on English Studies","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124406091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing (1972), a contemporary classic nowadays, has raised the interest of all kinds of critics. Some of the most remarkable elements in the novel concern feminism, a movement with which the Canadian author has been highly committed. This paper deals with two specific aspects in Atwood’s work in relation to the aforementioned critical approach: gender and victimization. A thorough reading of the novel is thus done in order to detect and subsequently dissect the main instances of both aspects. Special attention is paid to female characters (Anna and the unnamed protagonist), hypersexualized and victimized in the patriarchal microcosms rendered in the story. Keywords: Atwood, feminism, gender, victimization, hypersexualization, patriarchy
{"title":"Gender and Victimization in Margaret Atwood's Surfacing","authors":"Álvaro Pina Arrabal","doi":"10.17561/grove.v26.a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17561/grove.v26.a5","url":null,"abstract":"Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing (1972), a contemporary classic nowadays, has raised the interest of all kinds of critics. Some of the most remarkable elements in the novel concern feminism, a movement with which the Canadian author has been highly committed. This paper deals with two specific aspects in Atwood’s work in relation to the aforementioned critical approach: gender and victimization. A thorough reading of the novel is thus done in order to detect and subsequently dissect the main instances of both aspects. Special attention is paid to female characters (Anna and the unnamed protagonist), hypersexualized and victimized in the patriarchal microcosms rendered in the story. \u0000Keywords: Atwood, feminism, gender, victimization, hypersexualization, patriarchy","PeriodicalId":280802,"journal":{"name":"The Grove - Working Papers on English Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115577906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to Cartesian principles, in the seventeenth century the body was thought to be subordinated to the mind. Later in the eighteenth-century male authors of medical treatises supported the idea that the interaction of body and mind produced passion and could dangerously turn into mental breakdown. In all her novels Jane Austen showed an enormous interest in all matters concerning medical treatment. In Sense and Sensibility(1811), Austen emphasized illness and suffering by mixing physical health and mental disease with moral and philosophical doctrines. My contention in this article is that moralists, philosophers and thinkers such as Dr Johnson, William Blake, William Godwin, and Adam Smith collaborated with Austen to shape the idea that sensibility was no disease and sense no virtue; instead they propose that human beings, especially women, can obtain individual and collective profit and promote changes not only in the past but also in the present if they regulate their reason and feeling with a practical mindset. Key words: physical health, mental breakdown, medicine, moral thoughts, regulation of feelings.
{"title":"Jane Austen’s Concerns with Health and Moral Thoughts: The Dashwood Sisters and the Successful Regulation of Sense and Sensibility","authors":"María Teresa González Mínguez","doi":"10.17561/grove.v26.a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17561/grove.v26.a2","url":null,"abstract":"According to Cartesian principles, in the seventeenth century the body was thought to be subordinated to the mind. Later in the eighteenth-century male authors of medical treatises supported the idea that the interaction of body and mind produced passion and could dangerously turn into mental breakdown. In all her novels Jane Austen showed an enormous interest in all matters concerning medical treatment. In Sense and Sensibility(1811), Austen emphasized illness and suffering by mixing physical health and mental disease with moral and philosophical doctrines. My contention in this article is that moralists, philosophers and thinkers such as Dr Johnson, William Blake, William Godwin, and Adam Smith collaborated with Austen to shape the idea that sensibility was no disease and sense no virtue; instead they propose that human beings, especially women, can obtain individual and collective profit and promote changes not only in the past but also in the present if they regulate their reason and feeling with a practical mindset. \u0000Key words: physical health, mental breakdown, medicine, moral thoughts, regulation of feelings. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":280802,"journal":{"name":"The Grove - Working Papers on English Studies","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122684669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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