Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2021.42.8
Paulina Gorazd-Dziuban
This article is an attempt to outline the issues related to the elements of footwear discovered at Kościuszko Street in Rzeszow. Considering the collected artefacts, awls and protective shoe taps are the best preserved items. The former were used for the production of footwear, while the latter were used to protect it during its use. The chronology of these artefacts, based on the analysis of shoe taps by T. Cymbalak, covered the period from the 16th to the beginning of the 18th century (one of them can also be dated at the beginning of the 20th century). Their shape and size were related to the size of the heel, and the one to the size of the shoe. Borrowings from Western Europe as well as the East had a significant impact on the use of this type of element of footwear, although the location of Rzeszow suggests the possibility of stronger eastern influences. Undoubtedly, all discovered shoe taps should be associated with the relics of the Modern Period footwear. The discussed artefacts appeared as individual finds in layers related to the use of the street which connected the market square with the parish church. In the course of the archaeological watching brief, 427 fragments of shoes were found. The assemblage of artefacts was discovered in layers dated from the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries to the beginning of 18th century. In the analysed material, there were components of footwear, both the upper and bottom parts of shoes, as well as numerous post-production scraps and unidentified elements. Researching the analysed footwear from Rzeszow, we can observe a significant progress in the technology of cut and sewing, from simple forms, made of one piece of leather, to shoes made of several layers and several parts. Foot covers are an example of not very rich footwear for this period of time. The cut and the form of shoes are very similar to this type of artefacts found at other sites in Poland.
{"title":"Elementy obuwia odnalezione na ulicy Kościuszki w Rzeszowie","authors":"Paulina Gorazd-Dziuban","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2021.42.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2021.42.8","url":null,"abstract":"This article is an attempt to outline the issues related to the elements of footwear discovered at Kościuszko Street in Rzeszow. Considering the collected artefacts, awls and protective shoe taps are the best preserved items. The former were used for the production of footwear, while the latter were used to protect it during its use. The chronology of these artefacts, based on the analysis of shoe taps by T. Cymbalak, covered the period from the 16th to the beginning of the 18th century (one of them can also be dated at the beginning of the 20th century). Their shape and size were related to the size of the heel, and the one to the size of the shoe. Borrowings from Western Europe as well as the East had a significant impact on the use of this type of element of footwear, although the location of Rzeszow suggests the possibility of stronger eastern influences. Undoubtedly, all discovered shoe taps should be associated with the relics of the Modern Period footwear. The discussed artefacts appeared as individual finds in layers related to the use of the street which connected the market square with the parish church. In the course of the archaeological watching brief, 427 fragments of shoes were found. The assemblage of artefacts was discovered in layers dated from the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries to the beginning of 18th century. In the analysed material, there were components of footwear, both the upper and bottom parts of shoes, as well as numerous post-production scraps and unidentified elements. Researching the analysed footwear from Rzeszow, we can observe a significant progress in the technology of cut and sewing, from simple forms, made of one piece of leather, to shoes made of several layers and several parts. Foot covers are an example of not very rich footwear for this period of time. The cut and the form of shoes are very similar to this type of artefacts found at other sites in Poland.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125310090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2019.40.1
Sylwester Czopek
{"title":"Profesor Tadeusz Malinowski i Jego spotkania z Rzeszowem","authors":"Sylwester Czopek","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2019.40.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2019.40.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134453788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2021.42.12
M. Florek, T. Stępnik
The information about an iron spearhead accidentally found in Rudnik nad Sanem that was described as a medieval spearhead was published in Acta Militaria Mediaevalia, Vol. 16. In the course of conservation work the remains of wood were restored from the socket and subjected to wood species analysis and C14 dating procedure. The research revealed that the shaft was made of maple tree (Acer sp.) that was cut down between 1515 and 1800, most probably in the 17th century. Due to its properties, maple wood is not suitable to be used for spear shaft production. Studies show that the shafts were usually made of ash, less often of oak, occasionally of other wood species. Maple wood, on the other hand, might have been used to make javelins, i.e. throwing weapon. Taking into consideration the modern chronology of the remains of the shaft found in Rudnik, it seems that this arrowhead was used for hunting rather than for combat. Such a possibility was also suggested in the initial communication on the arrowhead. Ethnographic works confirm that javelins were used for hunting on the Slavic territories until the 19th century. The case of the arrowhead from Rudnik indicates the need of great caution and thoroughness when ascribing the chronology of artefacts found by accident, without any context.
在Rudnik nad Sanem偶然发现的一个被描述为中世纪矛头的铁矛头的信息发表在《军国学报》第16卷。在保护工作的过程中，从凹槽中恢复了木材的残骸，并进行了木材种类分析和C14定年程序。研究表明，剑柄是由枫树(Acer sp.)制成的，这棵枫树在1515年至1800年间被砍伐，很可能是在17世纪。由于其特性，枫木不适合用于矛轴的生产。研究表明，这些轴通常是由灰烬制成的，很少是由橡木制成的，偶尔也会用其他木材制成。另一方面，枫木可能被用来制作标枪，即投掷武器。考虑到在鲁德尼克发现的箭杆残骸的现代年代，这个箭头似乎是用于狩猎而不是战斗。在关于箭头的最初通信中也提出了这种可能性。民族志研究证实，直到19世纪，在斯拉夫领土上，标枪还被用于狩猎。鲁德尼克的箭头表明，在没有任何背景的情况下，在确定意外发现的人工制品的年代时，需要非常谨慎和彻底。
{"title":"Nowożytny (?) grot oszczepu z Rudnika nad Sanem, pow. niżański, woj. podkarpackie","authors":"M. Florek, T. Stępnik","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2021.42.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2021.42.12","url":null,"abstract":"The information about an iron spearhead accidentally found in Rudnik nad Sanem that was described as a medieval spearhead was published in Acta Militaria Mediaevalia, Vol. 16. In the course of conservation work the remains of wood were restored from the socket and subjected to wood species analysis and C14 dating procedure. The research revealed that the shaft was made of maple tree (Acer sp.) that was cut down between 1515 and 1800, most probably in the 17th century. Due to its properties, maple wood is not suitable to be used for spear shaft production. Studies show that the shafts were usually made of ash, less often of oak, occasionally of other wood species. Maple wood, on the other hand, might have been used to make javelins, i.e. throwing weapon. Taking into consideration the modern chronology of the remains of the shaft found in Rudnik, it seems that this arrowhead was used for hunting rather than for combat. Such a possibility was also suggested in the initial communication on the arrowhead. Ethnographic works confirm that javelins were used for hunting on the Slavic territories until the 19th century. The case of the arrowhead from Rudnik indicates the need of great caution and thoroughness when ascribing the chronology of artefacts found by accident, without any context.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129378348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2022.43.1
Kamil Karski
The author focuses on the chronology of the Brînzeni (Brynzen) group of the Tripolye culture in the context of the radiocarbon dates obtained from two settlements sites in Moldova - Văratic Holm i Brînzeni XI (IX). Thanks to the conducted analyzes and the results of the latest research, it is possible to place the discussed results in a wider context, including materials in relation to the inner-Trypolye context and contacts with other communities in Central and Eastern Europe.
{"title":"Contribution to the determination of the chronology of the Brînzeni local group of Trypolye culture","authors":"Kamil Karski","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2022.43.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2022.43.1","url":null,"abstract":"The author focuses on the chronology of the Brînzeni (Brynzen) group of the Tripolye culture in the context of the radiocarbon dates obtained from two settlements sites in Moldova - Văratic Holm i Brînzeni XI (IX). Thanks to the conducted analyzes and the results of the latest research, it is possible to place the discussed results in a wider context, including materials in relation to the inner-Trypolye context and contacts with other communities in Central and Eastern Europe.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125954679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2022.43.7
S. Czopek, K. Trybała-Zawiślak
Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture is a cultural unit distinguished in south-eastern Poland, spanning from the middle Bronze Age to the early Iron Age (and thus roughly from the 14 th /13 th to the 5 th /4 th century BC). One of its most characteristic features are large crematory cemeteries (the largest consisting of more than a thousand tombs), utilized for many centuries. For many of them, apart from standard archaeological information, we also possess anthropological analysis, perfect for demographic considerations. One can specify the size and structure of the population which used the cemetery, as well as study the dynamics of changes in the course of a long period of burying the dead in the same place. Such an analysis in the form of social microstructure research is the basis of inference at a higher level, including mesoregions settlement, characterized by a network of co-occurring cemeteries and accompanying settlements. The sum of these observations, in turn, allows us to estimate the number of people living in the territory assigned to Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture. At each level of inference in terms of population size, a crucial role is played by possibly the most accurate and precise estimation of time of cemetery usage or the presence of settlements in the analyzed region.
{"title":"The size and structure of Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture population","authors":"S. Czopek, K. Trybała-Zawiślak","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2022.43.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2022.43.7","url":null,"abstract":"Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture is a cultural unit distinguished in south-eastern Poland, spanning from the middle Bronze Age to the early Iron Age (and thus roughly from the 14 th /13 th to the 5 th /4 th century BC). One of its most characteristic features are large crematory cemeteries (the largest consisting of more than a thousand tombs), utilized for many centuries. For many of them, apart from standard archaeological information, we also possess anthropological analysis, perfect for demographic considerations. One can specify the size and structure of the population which used the cemetery, as well as study the dynamics of changes in the course of a long period of burying the dead in the same place. Such an analysis in the form of social microstructure research is the basis of inference at a higher level, including mesoregions settlement, characterized by a network of co-occurring cemeteries and accompanying settlements. The sum of these observations, in turn, allows us to estimate the number of people living in the territory assigned to Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture. At each level of inference in terms of population size, a crucial role is played by possibly the most accurate and precise estimation of time of cemetery usage or the presence of settlements in the analyzed region.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127042456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2021.42.2
Andryi Hawinskyj, M. Rybicka, D. Król
In the 1950s, a settlement of the Funnel Beaker culture (FBC) was discovered on the Lysivka Hill in Vynnyky (Fig. 1), located in the centre of the West Ukrainian territory of this culture (Hawinskyj, Rybicka 2021). Currently, it belongs to a small group of FBC sites in Western Ukraine that have been excavated. The information presented by M. Peleshschyshyn, who conducted excavations in Vynnyky-Lysivka, regarding the relationship between the FBC community and the Tripolye culture (TC) was particularly interesting (see Rybicka 2017). He believed that Vynnyky recorded the coexistence of their population (Peleshschyshyn 1998a, 191). The burnt daub clusters discovered at that time could probably have been the remains of dwellings. The aim of the research carried out since 2016 was to verify the hypotheses of M. Peleshschyshyn (1998a) in the context of the FBC-TC relationship (Hawinskyj, Rybicka 2021) and to establish the date of the settlement usage in Vynnyky-Lysivka. Radiocarbon dating obtained for the samples from the features from the northern zone of the settlement, allow the researchers to be placed Vynnyky-Lysivka in the period 3500–3360 BC and synchronized with the third phase of the southeastern FBC group.
{"title":"Radiocarbon dating of the Funnel Beaker culture settlement in Vynnyky-Lysivka (Western Ukraine)","authors":"Andryi Hawinskyj, M. Rybicka, D. Król","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2021.42.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2021.42.2","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1950s, a settlement of the Funnel Beaker culture (FBC) was discovered on the Lysivka Hill in Vynnyky (Fig. 1), located in the centre of the West Ukrainian territory of this culture (Hawinskyj, Rybicka 2021). Currently, it belongs to a small group of FBC sites in Western Ukraine that have been excavated. The information presented by M. Peleshschyshyn, who conducted excavations in Vynnyky-Lysivka, regarding the relationship between the FBC community and the Tripolye culture (TC) was particularly interesting (see Rybicka 2017). He believed that Vynnyky recorded the coexistence of their population (Peleshschyshyn 1998a, 191). The burnt daub clusters discovered at that time could probably have been the remains of dwellings. The aim of the research carried out since 2016 was to verify the hypotheses of M. Peleshschyshyn (1998a) in the context of the FBC-TC relationship (Hawinskyj, Rybicka 2021) and to establish the date of the settlement usage in Vynnyky-Lysivka. Radiocarbon dating obtained for the samples from the features from the northern zone of the settlement, allow the researchers to be placed Vynnyky-Lysivka in the period 3500–3360 BC and synchronized with the third phase of the southeastern FBC group.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131243440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2022.43.8
Anita Kozubová
This study deals with the finds of fibulae from the Hallstatt period sites of the Vekerzug culture from Eastern Hungary and Southern Slovakia. The majority of the fibulae come from graves, the rest are either stray or settlement finds. Providing a more complex overview of the fibulae was at the centre of our interest, focused mainly on a cultural and spatial analysis, their possible relation to the specific gender or age category of the burial individuals and on possible importance of the fibulae for the costumes of the Vekerzug culture. Two main origin groups of the fibulae were identified, namely the fibulae of the Hallstatt type and the fibulae of Balkan origin. The fibulae were predominantly found in the graves of adult females. Their costumes do not differ from the female costumes of the Vekerzug culture without fibulae.
{"title":"„Die eine aus dem Westen, die andere aus dem Süden“. Eine kleine Studie zu Fibeln in der Vekerzug-Kultur","authors":"Anita Kozubová","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2022.43.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2022.43.8","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the finds of fibulae from the Hallstatt period sites of the Vekerzug culture from Eastern Hungary and Southern Slovakia. The majority of the fibulae come from graves, the rest are either stray or settlement finds. Providing a more complex overview of the fibulae was at the centre of our interest, focused mainly on a cultural and spatial analysis, their possible relation to the specific gender or age category of the burial individuals and on possible importance of the fibulae for the costumes of the Vekerzug culture. Two main origin groups of the fibulae were identified, namely the fibulae of the Hallstatt type and the fibulae of Balkan origin. The fibulae were predominantly found in the graves of adult females. Their costumes do not differ from the female costumes of the Vekerzug culture without fibulae.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126380152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2019.40.6
M. Bober, J. Trąbska, M. Pilarz, B. Trybalska
{"title":"Spongiolitowa forma odlewnicza ze stanowiska nr 20 w Przemyślu. Rezultaty badań","authors":"M. Bober, J. Trąbska, M. Pilarz, B. Trybalska","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2019.40.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2019.40.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"245 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121073663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2021.42.5
A. Kozubová
This study deals with graves of Vekerzug culture, which contained weapons and horse harness. These graves reflect an evident social differentiation of Vekerzug society. Special attention in the study was paid to the most accurate geographic and cultural determination of the origin of individual weapon types and horse harness components in the context of new knowledge about Vekerzug culture and answering the question to what extent these finds reflect its interregional contacts. Important is also definition of possible armament schemes of Vekerzug culture and their comparison with armament schemes in the neighbouring cultural regions, especially with the forest-steppe Western Podolian group, Ciumbrud culture and Ferigile culture. Cultural and spatial analyses of individual types of weapons and horse harness as well as of the armament schemes of Vekerzug culture show that the problem of interregional contacts of this culture, mainly the eastern ones, must be considered more differentially than it has been previously presented in scientific literature. At the same time, they confirm the recent knowledge that the effect of eastern influences on Vekerzug culture is in scientific literature without a reason constantly overestimated.
{"title":"‘With a Weapon in Hand and a Horse by Side.’ Weapons and Horse Harness in Graves of Vekerzug Culture from an Interregional Perspective","authors":"A. Kozubová","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2021.42.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2021.42.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with graves of Vekerzug culture, which contained weapons and horse harness. These graves reflect an evident social differentiation of Vekerzug society. Special attention in the study was paid to the most accurate geographic and cultural determination of the origin of individual weapon types and horse harness components in the context of new knowledge about Vekerzug culture and answering the question to what extent these finds reflect its interregional contacts. Important is also definition of possible armament schemes of Vekerzug culture and their comparison with armament schemes in the neighbouring cultural regions, especially with the forest-steppe Western Podolian group, Ciumbrud culture and Ferigile culture. Cultural and spatial analyses of individual types of weapons and horse harness as well as of the armament schemes of Vekerzug culture show that the problem of interregional contacts of this culture, mainly the eastern ones, must be considered more differentially than it has been previously presented in scientific literature. At the same time, they confirm the recent knowledge that the effect of eastern influences on Vekerzug culture is in scientific literature without a reason constantly overestimated.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"86 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133787158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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