Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2021.42.9
Paulina Gorazd-Dziuban, Michał Jabłkowski, Paweł Kocańda
In 2018, the Foundation for Archaeological Centre in Rzeszów conducted archaeological research preceding investment works at Kościuszko Street in Rzeszów. This street, considered one of the oldest, originally connected the market square with the parish church and 3 Maja Street (formerly Pańska). Based on the conducted research, it was possible to determine the original scope of this route and confirm the thesis that the town and the parish church were located on two hills, separated by a small gorge, running roughly at the intersection of Kościuszko Street from Grunwaldzka Street. In addition, the stratigraphic system and the greater number of levels of wooden lining of the street that were found in the archaeological trenches led to the assumption that the area was coming down towards the east. What is more, visible traces of replacing wooden parts in the exploited street, a large number of movable artefacts and animal bones indicate that the street leading to the parish church was an important element in the urban layout of Rzeszów from the Modern Period. Moreover, the conducted research and watching briefs also allowed us to confirm how the discussed street ran, what material was used for its construction and what elements appeared in its course. In addition, it was also possible to confirm partially that the parish cemetery had a wider scope than is visible in the preserved iconographic sources. The conducted research together with the obtained archaeological material have become a valuable source of information about the history of Rzeszów and its inhabitants.
{"title":"Wyniki badań i nadzorów archeologicznych przeprowadzonych na ulicy Kościuszki w Rzeszowie w 2018 roku","authors":"Paulina Gorazd-Dziuban, Michał Jabłkowski, Paweł Kocańda","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2021.42.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2021.42.9","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018, the Foundation for Archaeological Centre in Rzeszów conducted archaeological research preceding investment works at Kościuszko Street in Rzeszów. This street, considered one of the oldest, originally connected the market square with the parish church and 3 Maja Street (formerly Pańska). Based on the conducted research, it was possible to determine the original scope of this route and confirm the thesis that the town and the parish church were located on two hills, separated by a small gorge, running roughly at the intersection of Kościuszko Street from Grunwaldzka Street. In addition, the stratigraphic system and the greater number of levels of wooden lining of the street that were found in the archaeological trenches led to the assumption that the area was coming down towards the east. What is more, visible traces of replacing wooden parts in the exploited street, a large number of movable artefacts and animal bones indicate that the street leading to the parish church was an important element in the urban layout of Rzeszów from the Modern Period. Moreover, the conducted research and watching briefs also allowed us to confirm how the discussed street ran, what material was used for its construction and what elements appeared in its course. In addition, it was also possible to confirm partially that the parish cemetery had a wider scope than is visible in the preserved iconographic sources. The conducted research together with the obtained archaeological material have become a valuable source of information about the history of Rzeszów and its inhabitants.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116097291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2019.40.3
J. Machnik, Kraków Polska Polska Akademia Umiejętności
{"title":"Considerations on the state of the research on the Corded Ware culture in southeastern Poland and needs of studies on social structures of its communities","authors":"J. Machnik, Kraków Polska Polska Akademia Umiejętności","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2019.40.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2019.40.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122738444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2022.43.5
W. Blajer, P. Kotowicz, A. Garbacz-Klempka, Piotr Jurecki
The article is devoted to the find of a bronze socketed axe discovered in 2013 in Falejówka (Sanok district). The find was made on the top of Mount Wroczeń, several meters from the hoard of bronze items (Falejówka, hoard II), dated to HaA1. This artefact belongs to the so-called “beaked” or “horned” axes, but none of the numerous specimens of this type is an exact equivalent of the discussed find. Stylistic features – primarily the characteristic trident motif decorating it, which occurs on axes discovered mainly in today's Hungary – allow the item from Falejówka to be dated HaA1-HaB1. The quality of the casting proves that the axe was made with good knowledge of the mould technology and the processes of smelting and pouring the liquid alloy, using bronze with a low tin content. As for its composition, metals derived from sulphide ores, mainly antimony, have also been identified.
{"title":"Siekierka brązowa z Falejówki","authors":"W. Blajer, P. Kotowicz, A. Garbacz-Klempka, Piotr Jurecki","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2022.43.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2022.43.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the find of a bronze socketed axe discovered in 2013 in Falejówka (Sanok district). The find was made on the top of Mount Wroczeń, several meters from the hoard of bronze items (Falejówka, hoard II), dated to HaA1. This artefact belongs to the so-called “beaked” or “horned” axes, but none of the numerous specimens of this type is an exact equivalent of the discussed find. Stylistic features – primarily the characteristic trident motif decorating it, which occurs on axes discovered mainly in today's Hungary – allow the item from Falejówka to be dated HaA1-HaB1. The quality of the casting proves that the axe was made with good knowledge of the mould technology and the processes of smelting and pouring the liquid alloy, using bronze with a low tin content. As for its composition, metals derived from sulphide ores, mainly antimony, have also been identified.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131329097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2022.43.9
Sylwester Czopek
The article is devoted to the disappearance of the Lusatian cultural circle, also traditionally called the Lusatian culture or, in more recent literature, the Lusatian urnfields. At the beginning, terminological issues are clarified and views on the disappearance of this cultural unit, which played an important role in Central Europe in the middle of the 2nd and 1st millennium BC, are presented. The main analytical part focuses on four regions within today’s borders of Poland – north-western, north-eastern, south-western and south-eastern. This is due to the sharply outlined foreign cultural features that are particularly sharp in these regions. This applies to the infiltration of the Jastorf culture (and earlier Nordic influences), the Baltic circle, the Hallstatt cultural complex and the Eastern European nomadic world. They are the aftermath of migration movements of varying intensity and chronology, but always within the early Iron Age (9th/8th–5th centuries BC). Signs of the structural crisis of the local Lusatian communities, which are very fragmented and do not constitute a cultural monolith, are also important for the considerations undertaken. The issue of changes in the natural environment on the border of the subboreal and subatlantic periods is also considered.
{"title":"Koniec „łużyckiego świata”","authors":"Sylwester Czopek","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2022.43.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2022.43.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the disappearance of the Lusatian cultural circle, also traditionally called the Lusatian culture or, in more recent literature, the Lusatian urnfields. At the beginning, terminological issues are clarified and views on the disappearance of this cultural unit, which played an important role in Central Europe in the middle of the 2nd and 1st millennium BC, are presented. The main analytical part focuses on four regions within today’s borders of Poland – north-western, north-eastern, south-western and south-eastern. This is due to the sharply outlined foreign cultural features that are particularly sharp in these regions. This applies to the infiltration of the Jastorf culture (and earlier Nordic influences), the Baltic circle, the Hallstatt cultural complex and the Eastern European nomadic world. They are the aftermath of migration movements of varying intensity and chronology, but always within the early Iron Age (9th/8th–5th centuries BC). Signs of the structural crisis of the local Lusatian communities, which are very fragmented and do not constitute a cultural monolith, are also important for the considerations undertaken. The issue of changes in the natural environment on the border of the subboreal and subatlantic periods is also considered.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130310501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2022.43.6
Wojciech Rajpold
Archaeological research at the site Tarnobrzeg 5 site was carried out by Jan Gurba and Marek Florek in 1992, uncovering settlement materials of the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture (TLC) and the Trzciniec culture (TC). The latter were not very numerous and representative, so they did not give grounds for a specific determination of the chronology. Undoubtedly, the most interesting artefact was a bronze sickle with a knob, referring to the III and IV period of the Bronze Age. The TLC materials, which almost entirely can be referred to the III phase of its development, turned out to be crucial for determining the chronology of the site. In terms of pottery forms, the most numerous were egg-shaped pots with holes under the edge of the rim, finger hollows and plastic strips. An interesting form was also a bowl on an empty leg. Both egg-shaped pots and a bowl with an empty leg may be evidence of Eastern cultural influences. It is also worth noting two fragmentarily preserved vases, which – as it seems – can be dated to the turn of the II and III phases of the TLC, which would indicate the existence of chronologically older material. Bronze and iron tweezers have also been recorded here, which may document the dissemination of iron.
{"title":"Osada z epoki brązu i wczesnej epoki żelaza na stanowisku Tarnobrzeg 5","authors":"Wojciech Rajpold","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2022.43.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2022.43.6","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological research at the site Tarnobrzeg 5 site was carried out by Jan Gurba and Marek Florek in 1992, uncovering settlement materials of the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture (TLC) and the Trzciniec culture (TC). The latter were not very numerous and representative, so they did not give grounds for a specific determination of the chronology. Undoubtedly, the most interesting artefact was a bronze sickle with a knob, referring to the III and IV period of the Bronze Age. The TLC materials, which almost entirely can be referred to the III phase of its development, turned out to be crucial for determining the chronology of the site. In terms of pottery forms, the most numerous were egg-shaped pots with holes under the edge of the rim, finger hollows and plastic strips. An interesting form was also a bowl on an empty leg. Both egg-shaped pots and a bowl with an empty leg may be evidence of Eastern cultural influences. It is also worth noting two fragmentarily preserved vases, which – as it seems – can be dated to the turn of the II and III phases of the TLC, which would indicate the existence of chronologically older material. Bronze and iron tweezers have also been recorded here, which may document the dissemination of iron.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127116133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2019.40.7
E. Kłosińska
The population of the Lusatian culture inhabiting the Lublin area during the Bronze age and Early Iron age used various items made of flint and stone. The most spectacular finds include sickles and sickles inserts with surface retouch. Items made from flint and stone were used mainly as tools, but also as weapons, as well as prestige indicators. They also had symbolic function. These artefacts were probably produced on site at settlements and they were among the accessories of everyday life of the population living then. In the Early Iron age, in the valley of the Vistula River, local flint deposits were exploited. Flint knapping workshops were set up here. Extremly numerous flint artefacts were recorded at these workshops and they represent the so-called Kosin industry.
{"title":"Contribution to the research on the use of flint and stone by the Lusatian culture population during the Bronze age and Early Iron age in the Lublin region (remarks of a non-lithic expert)","authors":"E. Kłosińska","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2019.40.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2019.40.7","url":null,"abstract":"The population of the Lusatian culture inhabiting the Lublin area during the Bronze age and Early Iron age used various items made of flint and stone. The most spectacular finds include sickles and sickles inserts with surface retouch. Items made from flint and stone were used mainly as tools, but also as weapons, as well as prestige indicators. They also had symbolic function. These artefacts were probably produced on site at settlements and they were among the accessories of everyday life of the population living then. In the Early Iron age, in the valley of the Vistula River, local flint deposits were exploited. Flint knapping workshops were set up here. Extremly numerous flint artefacts were recorded at these workshops and they represent the so-called Kosin industry.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129871868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2021.42.11
E. Kłosińska
At the end of the last century, a damaged pin with an eyelet was found. The connection of this find with the vicinity of Biłgoraj and the territories east of the Vistula River in general raises serious doubts. Unfortunately, after the death of the collector, whose collection had contained the find for many years, it was not possible to verify the earlier findings. The analysed pin was probably discovered in Silesia or Greater Poland, where there is a concentration of such decorations, which in the literature are generally referred to as type C pins with an eyelet and dated to II period and the beginning of III period of the Bronze Age, at the same time marking the early stage of the Lusatian culture on these areas. In Silesia and Greater Poland, however, there are no such artefacts that could be considered analogous to the discussed pin. It is somewhat similar to the item of the Jelenin variant discovered in Silesia (unknown place), Greater Poland (Gąsawa) and Moravia.
{"title":"Nieznana brązowa szpila uchata","authors":"E. Kłosińska","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2021.42.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2021.42.11","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of the last century, a damaged pin with an eyelet was found. The connection of this find with the vicinity of Biłgoraj and the territories east of the Vistula River in general raises serious doubts. Unfortunately, after the death of the collector, whose collection had contained the find for many years, it was not possible to verify the earlier findings. The analysed pin was probably discovered in Silesia or Greater Poland, where there is a concentration of such decorations, which in the literature are generally referred to as type C pins with an eyelet and dated to II period and the beginning of III period of the Bronze Age, at the same time marking the early stage of the Lusatian culture on these areas. In Silesia and Greater Poland, however, there are no such artefacts that could be considered analogous to the discussed pin. It is somewhat similar to the item of the Jelenin variant discovered in Silesia (unknown place), Greater Poland (Gąsawa) and Moravia.","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121927920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2019.40.5
M. Bober, Strzyżów Polska Muzeum Samorządowe Ziemi Strzyżowskiej im. Z. Leśn
{"title":"Stanowisko nr 20 w Przemyślu w świetle badań wykopaliskowych. Cz. 1. Analiza typologiczno-chronologiczna źródeł ruchomych pozyskanych w trakcie badań w latach 2005–2007","authors":"M. Bober, Strzyżów Polska Muzeum Samorządowe Ziemi Strzyżowskiej im. Z. Leśn","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2019.40.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2019.40.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117321479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2019.40.8
Anita Kozubová
{"title":"Satt auch im Jenseits? Tierknochen in Gräbern und Siedlungen der Vekerzug-Kultur","authors":"Anita Kozubová","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2019.40.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2019.40.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129978467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/misroa.2021.42.7
Piotrowski Marcin, P. Piotrowska, E. Kłosińska
Archaeological research in Horbowo-Kolonia, Zalesie commune, Biała Podlaska district, in November 2021 was ordered by the Lublin Provincial Conservation Officer. The aim of the study was to identify better the fortified settlement included in the record of archaeological sites under the number AZP 60-88/88, site nr 10 and to put it under preservation order by entering it in the register of monuments of the Lubelskie Voivodeship. Due to the limited time and season of the year, it was decided to use minimally invasive and non-invasive methods of research - modern technologies, geophysics and remote sensing. Researchers prepared a series of several dozen geological probing, geophysical prospection with the magnetic method within the fortified settlement and the „podgrodzie”, aerial photographs from the drone, as well as the generation of maps, plans and 3D models based on field measurements and LiDAR data, analysis of orthophotomaps from various periods, provided by The Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography in Warsaw (GUGiK). The research was preceded by an archival research. The site is located in the south-western part of Zalesie commune, in the central part of Biała Podlaska district, about 15 km east of Biała Podlaska. It is located at the end of a sandy deposits formed as a result of river accumulation, shaped by the waters of the Krzna River, which meandered strongly in the distant past. The local name Horbow has a topographic character and is associated with the oronyms of the type Horbek or Horby, derived from the Ukrainian word горб (horb) or the Ruthenian горб (gorb) meaning hump, a slight hill. The etymological basis of the local name Horbow upon Krzna was certainly created before the appearance of the Horbowski (Zaranek-Horbowski) family in this area, which took place at the beginning of the 15th century. Giving the Zaranek family a manor in Horbow resulted in the creation of the nickname Horbowscy, which became a commonly used surname with time. On the basis of geological probing, it was possible to distinguish 15 different types of layers at the site. Even though, the diagnosed stratigraphy gives a very general picture, it allows the researchers to plan future excavations. As it was indicated by means of trial excavations, the relics of the ramparts and moats had preserved some elements of the original construction. During the magnetic prospection, many anomalies were captured that can be considered archaeological features and traces of human activity in the Modern period. A special place in this group is encompassed by the M-1 type feature, which should be interpreted as an image of the box structure of the main (internal) rampart of the fortified settlement. What is more, the entrance gate was also located. The stronghold in Horbowo-Kolonia belongs to the group of lowland structures located in the floodplain parts of river valleys and formally represents the ring type with a double line of ramparts separated by a moat, with a narrow
{"title":"Nieinwazyjne i małoinwazyjne badania archeologiczne grodziska w Horbowie-Kolonii, w powiecie bialskim, w województwie lubelskim, w roku 2021","authors":"Piotrowski Marcin, P. Piotrowska, E. Kłosińska","doi":"10.15584/misroa.2021.42.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/misroa.2021.42.7","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological research in Horbowo-Kolonia, Zalesie commune, Biała Podlaska district, in November 2021 was ordered by the Lublin Provincial Conservation Officer. The aim of the study was to identify better the fortified settlement included in the record of archaeological sites under the number AZP 60-88/88, site nr 10 and to put it under preservation order by entering it in the register of monuments of the Lubelskie Voivodeship. Due to the limited time and season of the year, it was decided to use minimally invasive and non-invasive methods of research - modern technologies, geophysics and remote sensing. Researchers prepared a series of several dozen geological probing, geophysical prospection with the magnetic method within the fortified settlement and the „podgrodzie”, aerial photographs from the drone, as well as the generation of maps, plans and 3D models based on field measurements and LiDAR data, analysis of orthophotomaps from various periods, provided by The Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography in Warsaw (GUGiK). The research was preceded by an archival research. The site is located in the south-western part of Zalesie commune, in the central part of Biała Podlaska district, about 15 km east of Biała Podlaska. It is located at the end of a sandy deposits formed as a result of river accumulation, shaped by the waters of the Krzna River, which meandered strongly in the distant past. The local name Horbow has a topographic character and is associated with the oronyms of the type Horbek or Horby, derived from the Ukrainian word горб (horb) or the Ruthenian горб (gorb) meaning hump, a slight hill. The etymological basis of the local name Horbow upon Krzna was certainly created before the appearance of the Horbowski (Zaranek-Horbowski) family in this area, which took place at the beginning of the 15th century. Giving the Zaranek family a manor in Horbow resulted in the creation of the nickname Horbowscy, which became a commonly used surname with time. On the basis of geological probing, it was possible to distinguish 15 different types of layers at the site. Even though, the diagnosed stratigraphy gives a very general picture, it allows the researchers to plan future excavations. As it was indicated by means of trial excavations, the relics of the ramparts and moats had preserved some elements of the original construction. During the magnetic prospection, many anomalies were captured that can be considered archaeological features and traces of human activity in the Modern period. A special place in this group is encompassed by the M-1 type feature, which should be interpreted as an image of the box structure of the main (internal) rampart of the fortified settlement. What is more, the entrance gate was also located. The stronghold in Horbowo-Kolonia belongs to the group of lowland structures located in the floodplain parts of river valleys and formally represents the ring type with a double line of ramparts separated by a moat, with a narrow","PeriodicalId":281758,"journal":{"name":"Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114442685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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