Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2024.284471.1073
Alaa Amin
he Eocene epoch is distinguished by the development of a carbonate platform covering a large area of Egypt. These Eocene carbonates are widespread in the eastern Beni Suef region of Egypt. In the present work, the lithostratigraphy, structural setting, petrography, geochemistry
{"title":"Structural setting, facies characteristics, and geochemical aspects of the Middle-Upper Eocene outcrops along Beni Suef-El Zaafarana New Road, east of Beni Suef, Egypt","authors":"Alaa Amin","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2024.284471.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2024.284471.1073","url":null,"abstract":"he Eocene epoch is distinguished by the development of a carbonate platform covering a large area of Egypt. These Eocene carbonates are widespread in the eastern Beni Suef region of Egypt. In the present work, the lithostratigraphy, structural setting, petrography, geochemistry","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"41 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2023.242073.1058
Aya Abdel Hakeem, E. Souaya, Ali I. M. Ismail
he feasibility study of utilizing granite and limestone waste materials as alternatives to aggregates in various grain sizes in concrete is carried out in this work. The granite and limestone wastes are pelletized into different grain sizes and then dried for 48 hours in open air at room temperature to remove the excess water and enhance workability. Subsequently, the pellets are fired in a rotary kiln at a very high temperature, with a heating rate of 20°C per minute, for 2 hours at 1100°C. The chemical and mineralogical composition of the waste materials is analyzed using techniques such as petrography, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). These analyses show the composition and structure of the first material which is granite with a high iron content (6.66%) is called “Ferriferous granite”, the second material is granite with normal iron content (3.15%) is called “Normal granite” and the third material is “Limestone”, and aid in the selection of suitable materials for concrete production. In conclusion, this research aims to investigate the potential use of granite and limestone waste materials as replacements for traditional aggregates in concrete production. Through a series of shaping, burning, and mixing processes. The important results obtained is that as the percentage of granite waste increases, the pellets become more friable. Therefore, based on this research, we recommend mixing the granite and limestone to enhance the durability of the aggregates, enabling their utilization in the production of high-strength concrete.
{"title":"Utilization of Granite and Limestone Wastes as Aggregates in Concrete","authors":"Aya Abdel Hakeem, E. Souaya, Ali I. M. Ismail","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2023.242073.1058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2023.242073.1058","url":null,"abstract":"he feasibility study of utilizing granite and limestone waste materials as alternatives to aggregates in various grain sizes in concrete is carried out in this work. The granite and limestone wastes are pelletized into different grain sizes and then dried for 48 hours in open air at room temperature to remove the excess water and enhance workability. Subsequently, the pellets are fired in a rotary kiln at a very high temperature, with a heating rate of 20°C per minute, for 2 hours at 1100°C. The chemical and mineralogical composition of the waste materials is analyzed using techniques such as petrography, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). These analyses show the composition and structure of the first material which is granite with a high iron content (6.66%) is called “Ferriferous granite”, the second material is granite with normal iron content (3.15%) is called “Normal granite” and the third material is “Limestone”, and aid in the selection of suitable materials for concrete production. In conclusion, this research aims to investigate the potential use of granite and limestone waste materials as replacements for traditional aggregates in concrete production. Through a series of shaping, burning, and mixing processes. The important results obtained is that as the percentage of granite waste increases, the pellets become more friable. Therefore, based on this research, we recommend mixing the granite and limestone to enhance the durability of the aggregates, enabling their utilization in the production of high-strength concrete.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138613172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2023.228339.1056
Khaled El-Gameel, Sara Fayed, H. El Desouky, Ashraf Abdelmaksoud
HE NEOPROTEROZOIC basement complex of the Umm Anab area is located 40 km southwest of Hurghada city in the Northern Eastern Desert (NED) of Egypt. The basement rocks include metavolcanics and enormous plutons of granitoid rocks. The metavolcanics are regionally metamorphosed, forming greenschist to amphibolite facies rocks interbedded with banded iron formation (BIF). Structural analysis in the Umm Anab metavolcanics (UAV) indicates that the area has a poly-phase structural deformation, and each phase has its own effect and style. A Well-developed schistosity striking approximately E-W with dipping 60º-80º southward, and asymmetrical folds with oblique subvertical NNW-striking axial planes were observed. The structural analysis of the veins in metavolcanic by using GArcmB software determined the paleostress inversion and displayed two clusters of veins that formed under two stresses. The stress ratios ( Φ )= ( σ 2 – σ 3) / ( σ 1 – σ 3) for both clusters, respectively, are ~0.39 and ~0.16, which shows two stress status. The values of the stress ratio on vein walls suggest that the host rock was subject to low to moderate tectonic stress at the time the veins formation. In addition, finite strain results in metavolcanics were estimated using the Rf/φ method on deformed pebbles (with a trend of N73º-88ºE), confirming the idea that metavolcanics are affected by low to moderate deformation. The stretching mineral lineation and BIF have trend ENE-WSW to E-W that supports the oldest shortening event (D1) which is considered an early phase of deformation NNW–SSE linked with the Pan-African thrusting.
{"title":"Geological studies and structural analysis of the Umm Anab metavolcanics and related quartz veins: implications for Pan-African volcanism in the Egyptian Nubian Shield","authors":"Khaled El-Gameel, Sara Fayed, H. El Desouky, Ashraf Abdelmaksoud","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2023.228339.1056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2023.228339.1056","url":null,"abstract":"HE NEOPROTEROZOIC basement complex of the Umm Anab area is located 40 km southwest of Hurghada city in the Northern Eastern Desert (NED) of Egypt. The basement rocks include metavolcanics and enormous plutons of granitoid rocks. The metavolcanics are regionally metamorphosed, forming greenschist to amphibolite facies rocks interbedded with banded iron formation (BIF). Structural analysis in the Umm Anab metavolcanics (UAV) indicates that the area has a poly-phase structural deformation, and each phase has its own effect and style. A Well-developed schistosity striking approximately E-W with dipping 60º-80º southward, and asymmetrical folds with oblique subvertical NNW-striking axial planes were observed. The structural analysis of the veins in metavolcanic by using GArcmB software determined the paleostress inversion and displayed two clusters of veins that formed under two stresses. The stress ratios ( Φ )= ( σ 2 – σ 3) / ( σ 1 – σ 3) for both clusters, respectively, are ~0.39 and ~0.16, which shows two stress status. The values of the stress ratio on vein walls suggest that the host rock was subject to low to moderate tectonic stress at the time the veins formation. In addition, finite strain results in metavolcanics were estimated using the Rf/φ method on deformed pebbles (with a trend of N73º-88ºE), confirming the idea that metavolcanics are affected by low to moderate deformation. The stretching mineral lineation and BIF have trend ENE-WSW to E-W that supports the oldest shortening event (D1) which is considered an early phase of deformation NNW–SSE linked with the Pan-African thrusting.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"94 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138621772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2023.243614.1059
Abdelrahman Khalifa
HE CURRENT study examines the validity of remote sensing and tectonic geomorphology techniques in delineating different lithologies and inferring the relative tectonic activity in arid areas. Principle Component Analysis, spectral Band Ratioing, and Minimum Noise Fraction Analysis were applied using the satellite ASTER data of Gabal Delihimmi area in Central Eastern Desert of Egypt. Additionally, mountain front sinuosity and valley floor width to valley height ratio as two major geomorphic indices were extracted and calculated from the ALOSE-PALSAR digital elevation
{"title":"Application of Remote sensing techniques in discrimination of rock units and preliminary assessment of tectonic activity using ASTER and ALOSE-PALSAR data at Gabal Delihimmi, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt","authors":"Abdelrahman Khalifa","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2023.243614.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2023.243614.1059","url":null,"abstract":"HE CURRENT study examines the validity of remote sensing and tectonic geomorphology techniques in delineating different lithologies and inferring the relative tectonic activity in arid areas. Principle Component Analysis, spectral Band Ratioing, and Minimum Noise Fraction Analysis were applied using the satellite ASTER data of Gabal Delihimmi area in Central Eastern Desert of Egypt. Additionally, mountain front sinuosity and valley floor width to valley height ratio as two major geomorphic indices were extracted and calculated from the ALOSE-PALSAR digital elevation","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"12 S13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2023.225644.1055
Mouataz T. Mostafa, Habash El-Nady, Ramadan Gomaa, Salman Salman, Ibrahim Khalifa
ased on the contents of heavy metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in 22 road dust samples, the urban environmental quality of Wadi El-Qamar area was evaluated. It is a residential area suffering from unplanned industrial activities, overpopulation, and uncontrolled urbanization. Heavy metal sources and geochemical associations were deciphered using a multivariate statistical approach, while the contamination degree and ecological risks were identified using various pollution indices. Moreover, the human health risks (carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic) for residents were estimated via different exposure pathways. The mean abundances of elements were as follows: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Mo > Co, while the individual contamination grades decreased in the following order: Mo > Cu > Zn > Pb > Cr > Fe > Mn > Co, according to the geoaccumulation index (I geo ) and the contamination factor (CF) average values. The high correlation between Zn and Cu ( r = 0.92) reflected their common origin (traffic-related emissions). Notably, only Cu showed individual ecological risk; meanwhile, the overall ecological risk index (RI) classified the study area as having low ecological risk (RI < 150), with an average of 75.20. The health risk assessment indicated the absence of adverse non-carcinogenic risks and the presence of unacceptable carcinogenic risks posed by Cr and Pb. Ultimately, heavy-duty vehicular emissions (e.g., tire and brake wear) and industrial emissions from cement and refining companies are likely the main contributors to heavy metal loadings in the study area. The results of this research will be useful in developing strategies for pollution control and management and can be utilized for comparison in future studies.
根据22份道路粉尘样品中Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mo、Mn、Pb、Zn等重金属的含量，对Wadi El-Qamar地区城市环境质量进行了评价。这是一个遭受无计划的工业活动、人口过剩和不受控制的城市化的住宅区。利用多元统计方法对重金属来源和地球化学关联进行解读，利用各种污染指数对污染程度和生态风险进行识别。此外，通过不同的暴露途径对居民的人类健康风险(致癌和非致癌)进行了评估。土壤元素平均丰度为Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Mo > Co，土壤累积指数(I geo)和污染因子(CF)平均值为Mo > Cu > Zn > Pb > Cr > Fe > Mn > Co，污染等级为Mo > Cu > Zn > Pb > Cr > Fe > Mn > Co。Zn和Cu之间的高相关性(r = 0.92)反映了它们的共同来源(交通相关排放)。值得注意的是，只有铜存在个体生态风险;总体生态风险指数(RI)为低生态风险(RI < 150)，平均为75.20。健康风险评估表明，Cr和Pb不存在不良的非致癌风险，存在不可接受的致癌风险。最终，重型车辆排放(如轮胎和刹车磨损)和水泥和炼油公司的工业排放可能是研究区域重金属负荷的主要贡献者。这项研究的结果将有助于制定污染控制和管理战略，并可用于今后研究的比较。
{"title":"Source identification, pollution status, and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals contamination in a highly populated unplanned industrial area (Wadi El-Qamar), Alexandria, Egypt","authors":"Mouataz T. Mostafa, Habash El-Nady, Ramadan Gomaa, Salman Salman, Ibrahim Khalifa","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2023.225644.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2023.225644.1055","url":null,"abstract":"ased on the contents of heavy metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in 22 road dust samples, the urban environmental quality of Wadi El-Qamar area was evaluated. It is a residential area suffering from unplanned industrial activities, overpopulation, and uncontrolled urbanization. Heavy metal sources and geochemical associations were deciphered using a multivariate statistical approach, while the contamination degree and ecological risks were identified using various pollution indices. Moreover, the human health risks (carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic) for residents were estimated via different exposure pathways. The mean abundances of elements were as follows: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Mo > Co, while the individual contamination grades decreased in the following order: Mo > Cu > Zn > Pb > Cr > Fe > Mn > Co, according to the geoaccumulation index (I geo ) and the contamination factor (CF) average values. The high correlation between Zn and Cu ( r = 0.92) reflected their common origin (traffic-related emissions). Notably, only Cu showed individual ecological risk; meanwhile, the overall ecological risk index (RI) classified the study area as having low ecological risk (RI < 150), with an average of 75.20. The health risk assessment indicated the absence of adverse non-carcinogenic risks and the presence of unacceptable carcinogenic risks posed by Cr and Pb. Ultimately, heavy-duty vehicular emissions (e.g., tire and brake wear) and industrial emissions from cement and refining companies are likely the main contributors to heavy metal loadings in the study area. The results of this research will be useful in developing strategies for pollution control and management and can be utilized for comparison in future studies.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"102 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138608836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2023.239036.1057
Ahmed Talaat, Essam El Sayed, Mahmoud Ghorab, Mohammed Ramadan, A. Nooh
ED-15 oil Field which is located in the North-Western region of the Abu Gharadig sedimentary basin within the Egyptian Western Desert. Bed-15 Field spans across latitudes 29° 45' to 30 ° 05' N and longitudes 27° 30' to 28° 10' E and considered a component of the Badr El-Din Concession, which is situated approximately 300 km west of Cairo and around 100 km west of Bed-1 location. Abu Roach Formation is the subject of the research using a combination of petrophysical data, well log analysis, and subsurface geologic studies to understand the potential hydrocarbons in Abu Roach Formation, Badr 15 Field, using 5 wells (Bed15-1, Bed15-3, Bed 15-7, Bed15-8 and Bed15-9) different types of petrophysical parameters (porosity, shale volume and water and hydrocarbon saturations) were determined. Four wells (Bed15-1, Bed15-3, Bed 15-7 and Bed15-9) were selected for evaluating pore pressure of Abu Roach Formation utilizing drilling exponent (Dxc) and wireline logs. A correlation was observed between the pore pressure and the hydrocarbon saturation in the area under investigation.
{"title":"Relation Between Pore Pressure Evaluation and Hydrocarbon Saturation for Abu Roach Formation in Badr EL-Din 15 Field, Western Desert, Egypt.","authors":"Ahmed Talaat, Essam El Sayed, Mahmoud Ghorab, Mohammed Ramadan, A. Nooh","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2023.239036.1057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2023.239036.1057","url":null,"abstract":"ED-15 oil Field which is located in the North-Western region of the Abu Gharadig sedimentary basin within the Egyptian Western Desert. Bed-15 Field spans across latitudes 29° 45' to 30 ° 05' N and longitudes 27° 30' to 28° 10' E and considered a component of the Badr El-Din Concession, which is situated approximately 300 km west of Cairo and around 100 km west of Bed-1 location. Abu Roach Formation is the subject of the research using a combination of petrophysical data, well log analysis, and subsurface geologic studies to understand the potential hydrocarbons in Abu Roach Formation, Badr 15 Field, using 5 wells (Bed15-1, Bed15-3, Bed 15-7, Bed15-8 and Bed15-9) different types of petrophysical parameters (porosity, shale volume and water and hydrocarbon saturations) were determined. Four wells (Bed15-1, Bed15-3, Bed 15-7 and Bed15-9) were selected for evaluating pore pressure of Abu Roach Formation utilizing drilling exponent (Dxc) and wireline logs. A correlation was observed between the pore pressure and the hydrocarbon saturation in the area under investigation.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"37 S162","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138622938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2022.154985.1022
A. Gouda, Mohamed Abdel Wahed, L. Fayed, H. Helmy
{"title":"Rock mass classification of Eocene karstic limestone in New Galala City, Northern Galala Plateau, Gulf of Suez, Egypt","authors":"A. Gouda, Mohamed Abdel Wahed, L. Fayed, H. Helmy","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2022.154985.1022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2022.154985.1022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129846508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2022.152179.1021
M. Abdelbaset, B. Bosworth, M. Hammed
{"title":"STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND PETROLEUM SYSTEM OF THE MESOZOIC FAGHUR RIFT BASIN AT THE NORTHWESTERN DESERT OF EGYPT","authors":"M. Abdelbaset, B. Bosworth, M. Hammed","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2022.152179.1021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2022.152179.1021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129323030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2022.173845.1028
Anhar Asan, A. Strougo, Iman Salame
{"title":"SHARKS AND RAYS FROM THE MOKATTAMIAN STAGE (MIDDLE AND LATE EOCENE) OF EGYPT, INCLUDING SOME SPECIES FROM THE MIDDLE EOCENE MIDRA SHALE OF QATAR","authors":"Anhar Asan, A. Strougo, Iman Salame","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2022.173845.1028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2022.173845.1028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133704382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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