Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216382
{"title":"INTEGRATED STUDIES FOR MAPPING OF URANIUM MINERALIZATION IN \"NUGURS-SIKAIT-ABU RUSHEID\" AREA SOUTH EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129123045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216381
Ghoneim, El-Sharkawi
Remote sensing images are widely used in many geological applications; in our research we used remote sensing techniques for lithological mapping and mineral exploration through extracting the alteration zones with integration of lineaments density in the study area. For lithological mapping; False Color Composite (FCC), Color Ratio Composites (CRC) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) techniques were used. To extract the alteration zones; Spectral ratio indices, Constrained Energy Minimization (CEM) and spectral signature based supervised classification techniques named Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) have been applied on ASTER data. At last, the final alteration map is integrated with lineament density map and the locations of the old gold mines in the area for introducing the probable potential areas for gold exploration.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES ON ASTER DATA FOR ALTERATION ZONES EXTRACTION AND LITHOLOGICAL MAPPING OF ELFAWAKHIR – EL-SID AREA, CENTRAL EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT: AN APPROACH FOR GOLD EXPLORATION","authors":"Ghoneim, El-Sharkawi","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216381","url":null,"abstract":"Remote sensing images are widely used in many geological applications; in our research we used remote sensing techniques for lithological mapping and mineral exploration through extracting the alteration zones with integration of lineaments density in the study area. For lithological mapping; False Color Composite (FCC), Color Ratio Composites (CRC) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) techniques were used. To extract the alteration zones; Spectral ratio indices, Constrained Energy Minimization (CEM) and spectral signature based supervised classification techniques named Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) have been applied on ASTER data. At last, the final alteration map is integrated with lineament density map and the locations of the old gold mines in the area for introducing the probable potential areas for gold exploration.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131561969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216384
Y. Abdel-Maksoud, M. Abu-zeid, I. Aassy, Baghddady
A detailed geologic map of Talet Seleim area was prepared. Ten stratigraphic sections of the Lower Carboniferous Um Bogma Formation were studied and used to construct a composite section and panel diagram The Um Bogma Formation could be subdivided into a lower siltstone-dolostone member, a middle siltstone-mudstone-dolostone member and an upper dolostone member. These rock units have unconformable contacts and show marked lateral variations in thickness and minor changes in lithology. The argillaceous rocks are texturally classified as mudstone, sandy mudstone, siltstone and sandy siltstone (in decreasing order of abundance). The carbonates, on the other hand, are classified as dolosparite and dolomitized intra-biosparite. The rocks display several primary sedimentary structures; the most common of which are various types of bedding, lamination and biogenic features. Also, the succession is affected by joints, faults and small scale folds and contains gypsum veins and clastic dykes. Diagenesis played a major role in modifying the original textural and, especially, compositional characteristics of the rocks. It involved compaction, cementation, replacement, alteration and dissolution. The extent of each of these processes varied markedly among the different lithologic types and rock units as well as the locations in Talet Seleim area. Most of the post-depositional processes commenced during the mesogenetic phase of diagenesis and became more profound during epigenesis.
{"title":"LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY, PETROGRAPHY AND DIAGENESIS OF UM BOGMA FORMATION IN TALET SELEIM AREA, SOUTHWESTERN SINAI, EGYPT","authors":"Y. Abdel-Maksoud, M. Abu-zeid, I. Aassy, Baghddady","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216384","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed geologic map of Talet Seleim area was prepared. Ten stratigraphic sections of the Lower Carboniferous Um Bogma Formation were studied and used to construct a composite section and panel diagram The Um Bogma Formation could be subdivided into a lower siltstone-dolostone member, a middle siltstone-mudstone-dolostone member and an upper dolostone member. These rock units have unconformable contacts and show marked lateral variations in thickness and minor changes in lithology. The argillaceous rocks are texturally classified as mudstone, sandy mudstone, siltstone and sandy siltstone (in decreasing order of abundance). The carbonates, on the other hand, are classified as dolosparite and dolomitized intra-biosparite. The rocks display several primary sedimentary structures; the most common of which are various types of bedding, lamination and biogenic features. Also, the succession is affected by joints, faults and small scale folds and contains gypsum veins and clastic dykes. Diagenesis played a major role in modifying the original textural and, especially, compositional characteristics of the rocks. It involved compaction, cementation, replacement, alteration and dissolution. The extent of each of these processes varied markedly among the different lithologic types and rock units as well as the locations in Talet Seleim area. Most of the post-depositional processes commenced during the mesogenetic phase of diagenesis and became more profound during epigenesis.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123482834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216389
Elshahat
The wadi deposit samples collected along the Qift -El Quseir paved Road between El-Sheikh Abdelal tomb and El-Fawakhir gold mine are subjected to mineralogical and chemical analyses. The textural studies of the alluvial sediments clearly establish that these sediments are fine to very coarse-grained, poorly sorted, very fine-very coarse skewed, very platy to extremely leptokurtic deposited under moderate to low energy conditions. The heavy magnetic minerals are chiefly magnetite and goethite pseudomorph after pyrite while the nonmagnetic are the metallic mineral rutile, the non-metallic minerals are albite, apatite, sphene, cetrine, fluorite, sillimanite, tourmaline and garnet which, related to the metamorphic rocks exposed at Abu Fannani schist in Meatiq and Abu Zeran areas and mafic silicate minerals pyroxene, biotite, hornblende and epidote which, related to mafic-ultramafic rocks of El-Fawakhir ophiolite sequences. The light minerals are mainly quartz, muscovite and potash feldspars related to the alkali feldspar granites, syenogranites, monzogranite, granodiorites, tonalite, quartz diorite rocks and quartz plugs exposed at Abu Ziran, Um Selimate, Wadi Attala and Wadi El-Haramiya.
{"title":"SEDIMENTOLOGICAL AND HEAVY MINERALS STUDIES ON STREAM SEDIMENTS, EL-SHEIKH ABDELAL TOMB - EL-FAWAKHIR, CENTRAL EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT","authors":"Elshahat","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216389","url":null,"abstract":"The wadi deposit samples collected along the Qift -El Quseir paved Road between El-Sheikh Abdelal tomb and El-Fawakhir gold mine are subjected to mineralogical and chemical analyses. The textural studies of the alluvial sediments clearly establish that these sediments are fine to very coarse-grained, poorly sorted, very fine-very coarse skewed, very platy to extremely leptokurtic deposited under moderate to low energy conditions. The heavy magnetic minerals are chiefly magnetite and goethite pseudomorph after pyrite while the nonmagnetic are the metallic mineral rutile, the non-metallic minerals are albite, apatite, sphene, cetrine, fluorite, sillimanite, tourmaline and garnet which, related to the metamorphic rocks exposed at Abu Fannani schist in Meatiq and Abu Zeran areas and mafic silicate minerals pyroxene, biotite, hornblende and epidote which, related to mafic-ultramafic rocks of El-Fawakhir ophiolite sequences. The light minerals are mainly quartz, muscovite and potash feldspars related to the alkali feldspar granites, syenogranites, monzogranite, granodiorites, tonalite, quartz diorite rocks and quartz plugs exposed at Abu Ziran, Um Selimate, Wadi Attala and Wadi El-Haramiya.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127693379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216380
Egypt., Salem, El Sharkawi, El-Alfy, S. Ahmed
This study investigates the use of ASTER and geochemical data in the exploration of new gold occurrences in altered granodiorite rocks at Samut area in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. The mapping approach developed and applied in this study integrates image (ASTER) and field data sets to produce a map showing the alteration zones within granitoid rocks in the Samut area. Due to the differences in hydrothermally mineral components as well as intensities and influences of these hydrothermal activities on the surrounding rocks, various alteration processes have occurred within the host granodiorite rock. These alteration processes include sericitization, chloritization, silicification and ferrugination, resulted from the chemical interaction between the host rock minerals and mineral bearing ascending solutions. Each of the alteration processes is characterised by significantly altered minerals, in which the sericite and altered plagioclase minerals characterise the sericitization process. The biotite, muscovite, chlorite and hornblende minerals are related to chloritization. The silicification process is manifested by the quartz veins and fractured quartz grains. As well as the iron oxide (magnetite altered to goethite) minerals are characterize the ferrugination process. The chemical analyses of the unaltered granodiorites country rocks yielded Au content between 0.01 ppm and 1.61 ppm, while in the altered granodiorite, Au content is around 0.02 to 14.79 ppm. The presence of gold in the unaltered and altered granodiorite even in a low percentage, but in huge tonnages gives an importance and makes the study area worthy of gold exploration and possible exploitation and hence international propagation. Samut district is made up of intermediate to acidic metavolcanics intruded by a hornblende granodioritic pluton and cut by acidic dykes and quartz veins and veinlets. The associated hydrothermal activity to the plutonic intrusion led to the formation of promising alteration zones for gold in the granodiorite. The clarity and studying of these alterations represent the core and target of this study.
{"title":"USING ASTER AND GEOCHEMICAL DATA FOR GOLD EXPLORATION, SAMUT AREA, SOUTH EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT","authors":"Egypt., Salem, El Sharkawi, El-Alfy, S. Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216380","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the use of ASTER and geochemical data in the exploration of new gold occurrences in altered granodiorite rocks at Samut area in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. The mapping approach developed and applied in this study integrates image (ASTER) and field data sets to produce a map showing the alteration zones within granitoid rocks in the Samut area. Due to the differences in hydrothermally mineral components as well as intensities and influences of these hydrothermal activities on the surrounding rocks, various alteration processes have occurred within the host granodiorite rock. These alteration processes include sericitization, chloritization, silicification and ferrugination, resulted from the chemical interaction between the host rock minerals and mineral bearing ascending solutions. Each of the alteration processes is characterised by significantly altered minerals, in which the sericite and altered plagioclase minerals characterise the sericitization process. The biotite, muscovite, chlorite and hornblende minerals are related to chloritization. The silicification process is manifested by the quartz veins and fractured quartz grains. As well as the iron oxide (magnetite altered to goethite) minerals are characterize the ferrugination process. The chemical analyses of the unaltered granodiorites country rocks yielded Au content between 0.01 ppm and 1.61 ppm, while in the altered granodiorite, Au content is around 0.02 to 14.79 ppm. The presence of gold in the unaltered and altered granodiorite even in a low percentage, but in huge tonnages gives an importance and makes the study area worthy of gold exploration and possible exploitation and hence international propagation. Samut district is made up of intermediate to acidic metavolcanics intruded by a hornblende granodioritic pluton and cut by acidic dykes and quartz veins and veinlets. The associated hydrothermal activity to the plutonic intrusion led to the formation of promising alteration zones for gold in the granodiorite. The clarity and studying of these alterations represent the core and target of this study.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123064900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216379
A. Khadrah, Abdel Baset
The development of a tidal-dominated estuary above the Basal Messinian incision in the Lower Messinian Qawasim Formation in the onshore East Nile Delta province is interpreted from 3D seismic core, borehole images, and wireline logs data from four selected wells. Sedimentologically in terms of five facies associations of the Qawasim Formation are; tidally influenced fluvial channels, overbank muds, estuarine tidal channel, estuarine tidal bars and estuarine muds. These facies associations are building blocks for the depositional model that bounded by two incisions during the Early Messinain time. The lower cycle is called Qawasim level I which contains fluvial channel encased in overbank muds of fluvial plain. The upper cycle, Qawasim level II is characterized by estuarine tidal channel, estuarine tidal bars, and estuarine muds. The geomorphological characteristics of Qawasim Formation (lower and upper levels) can be detected using detailed seismic interpretations. The sedimentological and seismic characteristics of the Qawasim Formation in El Basant field may indicate the depositions in a tidal regime within estuary domain.
{"title":"SEDIMENTOLOGY AND SEISMIC GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE TIDALDOMINATED ESTUARINE INCISED VALLEY FILL: LATE MIOCENE QAWASIM RESERVOIR, ONSHORE EAST NILE DELTA","authors":"A. Khadrah, Abdel Baset","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216379","url":null,"abstract":"The development of a tidal-dominated estuary above the Basal Messinian incision in the Lower Messinian Qawasim Formation in the onshore East Nile Delta province is interpreted from 3D seismic core, borehole images, and wireline logs data from four selected wells. Sedimentologically in terms of five facies associations of the Qawasim Formation are; tidally influenced fluvial channels, overbank muds, estuarine tidal channel, estuarine tidal bars and estuarine muds. These facies associations are building blocks for the depositional model that bounded by two incisions during the Early Messinain time. The lower cycle is called Qawasim level I which contains fluvial channel encased in overbank muds of fluvial plain. The upper cycle, Qawasim level II is characterized by estuarine tidal channel, estuarine tidal bars, and estuarine muds. The geomorphological characteristics of Qawasim Formation (lower and upper levels) can be detected using detailed seismic interpretations. The sedimentological and seismic characteristics of the Qawasim Formation in El Basant field may indicate the depositions in a tidal regime within estuary domain.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133963604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216387
Egypt., Elshahat
Grain size processing and heavy minerals separation carried out on 22 and 25 representative samples of foreshore and backshore sediments respectively collected from the Coastal zone between Marsa Alam and Wadi El-Jimal. The intertidal sediments are chiefly coarse-grained (15 samples), moderately (4 samples) to poorly sorted (15 samples), symmetrical (6 samples) to coarse-skewed (9 samples) and very leptokurtic to very platykurtic. The beach sediments are medium (11 samples) to coarse-grained (8 samples), moderately well to poorly sorted, symmetrical (9 samples) to coarse-skewed (11 samples) and very leptokurtic to very platykurtic. The average total heavy mineral contents in the (0.250-0.125 mm) fine sand fraction of both sediments are 28.10% and 16.90% respectively, and in the (0.125-0.0.63 mm) very fine sand fraction are 52.95% and 25.64% respectively. The heavy minerals identified are predominantly iron-bearing minerals (magnetite and goethite), titanium-bearing minerals (sphene and rutile), pyroxene, barite, biotite, plagioclase, cetrine, sillimanite, garnet, apatite, fluorite, tourmaline, topaz and olivine. The gabbroic, dolerite, basaltic rocks, alkali feldspar granites, granodiorites, tonalite, quartz diorite, monzogranite, syenogranites and metamorphic rock assemblages encountered in Wadi Alam, Wadi Samadai, Wadi Ghadir and Wadi ElJimal are the main source for the detected heavy minerals.
{"title":"TEXTURAL - HEAVY MINERALS CHARACTERIZATION OF FORESHORE - BACKSHORE SEDIMENTS, MARSA ALAM- WADI AL JIMAL, RED SEA COASTAL ZONE, EGYPT","authors":"Egypt., Elshahat","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216387","url":null,"abstract":"Grain size processing and heavy minerals separation carried out on 22 and 25 representative samples of foreshore and backshore sediments respectively collected from the Coastal zone between Marsa Alam and Wadi El-Jimal. The intertidal sediments are chiefly coarse-grained (15 samples), moderately (4 samples) to poorly sorted (15 samples), symmetrical (6 samples) to coarse-skewed (9 samples) and very leptokurtic to very platykurtic. The beach sediments are medium (11 samples) to coarse-grained (8 samples), moderately well to poorly sorted, symmetrical (9 samples) to coarse-skewed (11 samples) and very leptokurtic to very platykurtic. The average total heavy mineral contents in the (0.250-0.125 mm) fine sand fraction of both sediments are 28.10% and 16.90% respectively, and in the (0.125-0.0.63 mm) very fine sand fraction are 52.95% and 25.64% respectively. The heavy minerals identified are predominantly iron-bearing minerals (magnetite and goethite), titanium-bearing minerals (sphene and rutile), pyroxene, barite, biotite, plagioclase, cetrine, sillimanite, garnet, apatite, fluorite, tourmaline, topaz and olivine. The gabbroic, dolerite, basaltic rocks, alkali feldspar granites, granodiorites, tonalite, quartz diorite, monzogranite, syenogranites and metamorphic rock assemblages encountered in Wadi Alam, Wadi Samadai, Wadi Ghadir and Wadi ElJimal are the main source for the detected heavy minerals.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114364748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216393
Hamzawy, Soltan, El Kalioubi
The Abu Khruq ring complex (ARC) is located in the Southern Eastern Desert of Egypt. It is composed mainly of nepheline syenite, syenite and quartz syenite. Petrographical and chemical analysis (XRF) were achieved to identify the mineral composition and to define the nature of the various rock types present in the area. Geochemically, the different types of alkaline syenitic rocks from margin and the center of the ring show decrease of Na2O and enrichment of SiO2 toward the margin. The syenitic rocks have a considerable value of Al2O3 (12.8 17.3 wt. %) and total alkalis are above 8.5 wt.% which might indicate magma developed from deep crustal source of mixed material from the mantle. According to plate tectonic theory, the different types of syenitic rocks placed in within plate anorogenic belts. Sintered glass-ceramic was prepared from local nepheline syenite with soda-lime-silicate glass. B2O3 added to the glass batches to decrease the melting temperature as well as the glass melt viscosity. MgF2 and CaF2 were added to the glass batches as nucleation catalysts. Little nepheline, augite, xonotlite and fluorite were developed in the samples after sintering process. Very little or traces of nepheline was formed in boron-free and -containing sample. Although MgF2 enhance augitic pyroxene, CaF2 appropriate the formation of xonotlite. In all samples nanoand micro-size rods were developed in the glassy matrix. The Vickers microhardness and densities values were between ~ 396.5 to 676.2 kg/mm and ~ 2.14 to 2.52 g/cm, respectively. The produced glass-ceramic can be used in building materials.
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF ABU KHRUQ NEPHELINE SYENITE AND ITS COMPENSATION WITH SODA-LIME-GLASS FOR PREPARATION OF GLASSCERAMIC","authors":"Hamzawy, Soltan, El Kalioubi","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216393","url":null,"abstract":"The Abu Khruq ring complex (ARC) is located in the Southern Eastern Desert of Egypt. It is composed mainly of nepheline syenite, syenite and quartz syenite. Petrographical and chemical analysis (XRF) were achieved to identify the mineral composition and to define the nature of the various rock types present in the area. Geochemically, the different types of alkaline syenitic rocks from margin and the center of the ring show decrease of Na2O and enrichment of SiO2 toward the margin. The syenitic rocks have a considerable value of Al2O3 (12.8 17.3 wt. %) and total alkalis are above 8.5 wt.% which might indicate magma developed from deep crustal source of mixed material from the mantle. According to plate tectonic theory, the different types of syenitic rocks placed in within plate anorogenic belts. Sintered glass-ceramic was prepared from local nepheline syenite with soda-lime-silicate glass. B2O3 added to the glass batches to decrease the melting temperature as well as the glass melt viscosity. MgF2 and CaF2 were added to the glass batches as nucleation catalysts. Little nepheline, augite, xonotlite and fluorite were developed in the samples after sintering process. Very little or traces of nepheline was formed in boron-free and -containing sample. Although MgF2 enhance augitic pyroxene, CaF2 appropriate the formation of xonotlite. In all samples nanoand micro-size rods were developed in the glassy matrix. The Vickers microhardness and densities values were between ~ 396.5 to 676.2 kg/mm and ~ 2.14 to 2.52 g/cm, respectively. The produced glass-ceramic can be used in building materials.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128904385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216376
Fahmy, enap Sipetrol
In 2014 and for the first time in East Tiba Sub-Basin exploration history, gas and condensates were tested at commercial rate from the Aalenian Middle Jurassic sandstone reservoir in SH-4well, Shahd/Shahd SE oil fields. This encouraging Jurassic gas discovery gave the initiative to evaluate the Jurassic geological system in the area in order to determine its hydrocarbon potentiality for further exploration and development activities. The present study revealed that, the area has been subjected to multi-phases tectonic history and had significant effects on the Jurassic sedimentary sequences. Sea level changes induced by tectonics resulted in the deposition of the deltaic complex of the Middle Jurassic Khatatba coal-bearing shales and sandstone reservoir, in addition to the alternating marine sandstones and carbonates of Wadi El Natrun Formation. The hydrocarbon-bearing sandstones are found to be related to the middle interval of Wadi El Natrun Formation that could be correlated stratigraphically with the Middle Jurassic Aalenian sandstone of Gebel Maghara surface outcrop. A 3D reprocessed PSDM seismic cube has been used, in addition to the well log data, to produce the Middle Jurassic Wadi El Natrun structural map, as it represents a good seismic marker allover the Tiba Sub-Basin. It is concluded that, the complexity of the deeper Jurassic structural configuration, the quality of the seismic data, the combined stratigraphic and structural prospective traps, the magnitude of the Jurassic fault throws, the terminations of these faults below the younger Cretaceous structural trends and sealing capacity are the critical factors for hydrocarbon generation and entrapment.
2014年，Shahd/Shahd SE油田sh -4井Aalenian中侏罗统砂岩储层以商业速率进行了天然气和凝析油测试，这是东Tiba子盆地勘探史上的第一次。这一令人鼓舞的侏罗系天然气发现，促使人们主动评估该地区的侏罗系地质系统，以确定其油气潜力，从而开展进一步的勘探和开发活动。研究表明，该区经历了多期构造历史，对侏罗系沉积序列有重要影响。构造引起的海平面变化形成了中侏罗统Khatatba含煤页岩和砂岩储层的三角洲复合体，以及Wadi El Natrun组海相砂岩和碳酸盐的交替沉积。发现含油气砂岩与Wadi El Natrun组中段有关，可与Gebel Maghara地表露头的中侏罗统阿勒系砂岩进行地层对比。除了测井数据外，还使用了3D再处理的PSDM地震立方体来生成中侏罗统Wadi El Natrun构造图，因为它代表了整个Tiba次盆地的良好地震标志。结论认为，深层侏罗系构造构型的复杂性、地震资料的质量、地层与构造组合圈闭的前景、侏罗系断陷的大小、断裂在白垩纪新构造倾向下的终结以及封闭性是生烃和圈闭的关键因素。
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Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.21608/egjg.2018.216391
Ahmed Ali Abu Steet, H. E. Sundoly, A. Hamid
Numerous pegmatite bodies are hosted by Gabal Abu Samyuk perthitic granite, which constituting part of the Late Neoproterozoic Gattar granites in the North Eastern Desert of Egypt. The pegmatite bodies have in most cases lenticular and irregular outlines within the host granite. They range in size from few meters to 25m length and their width usually less than 7m, although small pockets are also present. Most of the pegmatites display simple zoning structure that consists of feldspar-rich outer zone and internal quartz core. The gamma-ray measurements over these pegmatites indicated that some bodies are radiometrically anomalous, dominantly in the feldspar-rich outer zones. The radioactive zones were sampled with the aim to study the mineralogical compositions, distribution of trace elements and assessment of the mineralization potentiality of these pegmatites. The mineralogical data of the mineral separates revealed that the rare metals primarily comprised zircon, fergusonite-(Y), columbite-(Fe) and xenotime-(Y). Trace and rare earth elements are extremely variable with different degrees of enrichment in Zr, Th, U, Nb, Ta, Y and REE. The studied pegmatites show a NYF-type mineralogical and geochemical signature, whereas the enrichment of rare element can be explained by high degrees of fractional crystallization of a suite of volatile-rich magmas.
在埃及东北部沙漠，Gabal Abu Samyuk花岗岩体是晚新元古代Gattar花岗岩体的组成部分，其中赋存着大量伟晶岩体。伟晶岩体在寄主花岗岩内多数呈透镜状和不规则轮廓。它们的大小从几米到25米长，宽度通常不到7米，尽管也有小口袋。大部分伟晶岩呈简单的分带结构，由富长石外带和内部石英芯组成。对这些伟晶岩的伽马射线测量表明，一些体在辐射测量上是异常的，主要是在富含长石的外层区域。为了研究这些伟晶岩的矿物组成、微量元素分布和成矿潜力，对放射性带进行了采样。矿物分离物的矿物学数据表明，稀有金属主要由锆石、褐钇矿-(Y)、柱长石-(Fe)和xenotime-(Y)组成。微量元素和稀土元素变化很大，在Zr、Th、U、Nb、Ta、Y和REE中富集程度不同。研究的伟晶岩显示出nyf型矿物学和地球化学特征，而稀土元素的富集可以用一套富含挥发物的岩浆的高度分馏结晶来解释。
{"title":"RARE ELEMENTS DISTRIBUTION AND MINERALIZATION POTENTIALITY OF PEGMATITES IN GABAL ABU SAMYUK GRANITE, NORTH EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT","authors":"Ahmed Ali Abu Steet, H. E. Sundoly, A. Hamid","doi":"10.21608/egjg.2018.216391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/egjg.2018.216391","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous pegmatite bodies are hosted by Gabal Abu Samyuk perthitic granite, which constituting part of the Late Neoproterozoic Gattar granites in the North Eastern Desert of Egypt. The pegmatite bodies have in most cases lenticular and irregular outlines within the host granite. They range in size from few meters to 25m length and their width usually less than 7m, although small pockets are also present. Most of the pegmatites display simple zoning structure that consists of feldspar-rich outer zone and internal quartz core. The gamma-ray measurements over these pegmatites indicated that some bodies are radiometrically anomalous, dominantly in the feldspar-rich outer zones. The radioactive zones were sampled with the aim to study the mineralogical compositions, distribution of trace elements and assessment of the mineralization potentiality of these pegmatites. The mineralogical data of the mineral separates revealed that the rare metals primarily comprised zircon, fergusonite-(Y), columbite-(Fe) and xenotime-(Y). Trace and rare earth elements are extremely variable with different degrees of enrichment in Zr, Th, U, Nb, Ta, Y and REE. The studied pegmatites show a NYF-type mineralogical and geochemical signature, whereas the enrichment of rare element can be explained by high degrees of fractional crystallization of a suite of volatile-rich magmas.","PeriodicalId":282322,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Geology","volume":"102 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132618707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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