Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69663
V. Manubens V., I. Araya B., C. Morales H, L. Carreño T.
Superficial dermatomycosis are prevalent pathologies in the medical field and their diagnosis is fundamentally clinical. Histopathology is not considered part of his study, however, the diagnosis is exceptionally obtained by biopsy, when dermatomycosis was not suspected. Unpublished retrospective work is carried out on patients who had the histopathological diagnosis of superficial dermatomycosis between the years 2000-2019 at the HCUCH, based on selection criteria, obtaining 19 patients, in which the following were analyzed: age, gender, clinical characteristics, location, presumptive diagnosis and mycological and histological examinations. He stressed, as was our hypothesis, that dermatomycosis was not clinically suspected, since the presumptive diagnoses were various dermatoses. The most suspected dermatosis was psoriasis, as a result that 57.8% of the dermatoses studied had erythematous scaly plaques on examination. Another relevant fact is that only 21% of the cases underwent a direct mycological prior to the biopsy, which was negative (‘’ false negative’’). It is concluded, then, that superficial dermatomycosis should be considered clinical simulators of other dermatoses, so clinical suspicion and support of mycological examination and fungal culture is essential.
{"title":"Dermatomicosis superficiales: cuando el diagnóstico lo entrega la histología","authors":"V. Manubens V., I. Araya B., C. Morales H, L. Carreño T.","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69663","url":null,"abstract":"Superficial dermatomycosis are prevalent pathologies in the medical field and their diagnosis is fundamentally clinical. Histopathology is not considered part of his study, however, the diagnosis is exceptionally obtained by biopsy, when dermatomycosis was not suspected. Unpublished retrospective work is carried out on patients who had the histopathological diagnosis of superficial dermatomycosis between the years 2000-2019 at the HCUCH, based on selection criteria, obtaining 19 patients, in which the following were analyzed: age, gender, clinical characteristics, location, presumptive diagnosis and mycological and histological examinations. He stressed, as was our hypothesis, that dermatomycosis was not clinically suspected, since the presumptive diagnoses were various dermatoses. The most suspected dermatosis was psoriasis, as a result that 57.8% of the dermatoses studied had erythematous scaly plaques on examination. Another relevant fact is that only 21% of the cases underwent a direct mycological prior to the biopsy, which was negative (‘’ false negative’’). It is concluded, then, that superficial dermatomycosis should be considered clinical simulators of other dermatoses, so clinical suspicion and support of mycological examination and fungal culture is essential.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124612557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69537
Emilio Pohl V, Sebastián Pozo U, Javiera Poblete C, Agustín Muñoz M, Francis Segura B
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current treatments act directly on the signal transduction pathways in cancer cells, mainly. One of the main pathways is associated with the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGFR), whose mutations leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and a higher rate of cell invasion. Activating mutations in the EGFR gene, which includes deletions in exon 19 and the L858R mutation in exon 21, were detected in most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Studies of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) such as Gefitinib, Erlotinib and Afatinib, compared with platinum-based treatments, showed that EGFR-TKIs produce increased disease-free survival, although only in patients whose cancers harbor activating mutations in the EGFR gene. Clinical trials also demonstrated that EGFR-TKIs are effective as first-line therapies in stage IV pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Here, the main aspects of the activation of the EGFR pathway in NSCLC will be reviewed, highlighting the importance for health professionals of correctly identifying activating mutations in the EGFR gene and acting quickly at the molecular level based on aforementioned treatments.
{"title":"Tratamientos de primera línea para pacientes estadio IV con adenocarcinoma pulmonar de mutación EGFR","authors":"Emilio Pohl V, Sebastián Pozo U, Javiera Poblete C, Agustín Muñoz M, Francis Segura B","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69537","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current treatments act directly on the signal transduction pathways in cancer cells, mainly. One of the main pathways is associated with the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGFR), whose mutations leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and a higher rate of cell invasion. Activating mutations in the EGFR gene, which includes deletions in exon 19 and the L858R mutation in exon 21, were detected in most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Studies of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) such as Gefitinib, Erlotinib and Afatinib, compared with platinum-based treatments, showed that EGFR-TKIs produce increased disease-free survival, although only in patients whose cancers harbor activating mutations in the EGFR gene. Clinical trials also demonstrated that EGFR-TKIs are effective as first-line therapies in stage IV pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Here, \u0000the main aspects of the activation of the EGFR pathway in NSCLC will be reviewed, highlighting the importance for health professionals of correctly identifying activating mutations in the EGFR gene and acting quickly at the molecular level based on aforementioned treatments.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132109371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69538
Navor Uribe V, Z. Berger F.
Acute pancreatitis is a prevalent disease, with variable clinical course: several patients recover quickly and uneventfully, while others require treatment in critical care units with long hospital stay and even with a considerable mortality. The patient’s symptoms, laboratory tests and radiological images allow diagnosis without major difficulties. However, early identification of more severe cases can be difficult, and it determines the adequate selection of the hospitalization unit and the quick initiation of the appropriate therapy. In this paper we give some practical treatment guidelines for the everyday clinical practice: immediate severity stratification, fluid replacement and pain control. Early enteral nutrition, monitorization of severe cases in critical care units, adequate therapeutic but no prophylactic use of antibiotics assures the best treatment results.
{"title":"Pancreatitis aguda. Diagnóstico y enfrentamiento inicial en la práctica clínica","authors":"Navor Uribe V, Z. Berger F.","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69538","url":null,"abstract":"Acute pancreatitis is a prevalent disease, with variable clinical course: several patients recover quickly and uneventfully, while others require treatment in critical care units with long hospital stay and even with a considerable mortality. The patient’s symptoms, laboratory tests and radiological images allow diagnosis without major difficulties. However, early identification of more severe cases can be difficult, and it determines the adequate selection of the hospitalization unit and the quick initiation of the appropriate therapy. In this paper we give some practical treatment guidelines for the everyday clinical practice: immediate severity stratification, fluid replacement and pain control. Early enteral nutrition, monitorization of severe cases in critical care units, adequate therapeutic but no prophylactic use of antibiotics assures the best treatment results.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121072778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69664
Valentina Berna L, L. Mendoza i
Silent hypoxemia is one of the clinical presentations caused by SARS-CoV-2. It is still considered a medical mystery, as there are inconsistencies between arterial oxygen saturation levels and respiratory symptoms; a clinical scenario that had not been seen before. Their main risk is that it delays medical assistance because they do not have breathing difficulties and, when they consult, the lung damage is quite advanced. The early detection of hypoxia can favor the premature diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia and start treatment without delay. The pulse oximeter is presented as a useful, inexpensive, and easy-to-use tool for monitoring oxygen saturation at home in mild illness and detecting silent hypoxemia. This work presents the case of a patient with COVID-19 who, thanks to the use of a pulse oximeter at home, was able to detect silent hypoxemia and favored the early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
{"title":"Hipoxemia silenciosa y uso de oxímetro de pulso en el hogar para detección precoz de complicaciones por Covid-19: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura","authors":"Valentina Berna L, L. Mendoza i","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2021.69664","url":null,"abstract":"Silent hypoxemia is one of the clinical presentations caused by SARS-CoV-2. It is still considered a medical mystery, as there are inconsistencies between arterial oxygen saturation levels and respiratory symptoms; a clinical scenario that had not been seen before. Their main risk is that it delays medical assistance because they do not have breathing difficulties and, when they consult, the lung damage is quite advanced. The early detection of hypoxia can favor the premature diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia and start treatment without delay. The pulse oximeter is presented as a useful, inexpensive, and easy-to-use tool for monitoring oxygen saturation at home in mild illness and detecting silent hypoxemia. This work presents the case of a patient with COVID-19 who, thanks to the use of a pulse oximeter at home, was able to detect silent hypoxemia and favored the early diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129571677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-27DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69860
Ignacio Gacitúa M.
Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a crucial form of extracorporeal support in critical patients that develop acute kidney injury. This therapy allows to gain solute and water control when the kidneys are not capable of doing it. Nevertheless, RRT techniques are not without risks, complications and costs. Under this point of view, is fundamental to be conscious of the indications of timing and, most importantly, weaning of the RRT. The unnecesary extension of these techniques can lead to increase morbidity, hospital stay, health care costs and complications. Unfortunately, randomized controlled studies are scarce and this paucity of data has lead to different predictive models based on retrospective studies. Creatinine clearence, urinary output and other novel biomarkers has been used to identify the best moment to safely stop RRT. In this review, we summarize the available evidence about secure weaning of RRT and the potential of novel urinary and serum biomarkers that can be used to guide therapeutic decisions in the future.
{"title":"Suspensión de terapia de reemplazo renal continua e independencia de diálisis en falla renal aguda","authors":"Ignacio Gacitúa M.","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69860","url":null,"abstract":"Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a crucial form of extracorporeal support in critical patients that develop acute kidney injury. This therapy allows to gain solute and water control when the kidneys are not capable of doing it. Nevertheless, RRT techniques are not without risks, complications and costs. Under this point of view, is fundamental to be conscious of the indications of timing and, most importantly, weaning of the RRT. The unnecesary extension of these techniques can lead to increase morbidity, hospital stay, health care costs and complications. Unfortunately, randomized controlled studies are scarce and this paucity of data has lead to different predictive models based on retrospective studies. Creatinine clearence, urinary output and other novel biomarkers has been used to identify the best moment to safely stop RRT. In this review, we summarize the available evidence about secure weaning of RRT and the potential of novel urinary and serum biomarkers that can be used to guide therapeutic decisions in the future.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122694970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-27DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69834
Óscar González Campos
The purpose of the immune system is to protect the body from pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and even tumor cells, which could cause disease. When the encounter with pathogens occurs, defenses are produced immediately through the innate response, faster and more nonspecific, and through the adaptive response, more defined and personalized for each attacker. Both are triggered by the cells of the immune system being able to communicate with each other, once they have been activated. The innate immune system works in tune with the acquired immune system through the close intervention of the sex hormones, with specific strategies of estrogen and progesterone. Both have a proven anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action not only at the level of the wall of blood vessels, skin and mucous membranes, but also in the protection of the central nervous system against all toxic agents, such as viruses. Estrogens and progesterone play an essential role in the immune response and its evolution, and although they initially appear as antagonistic responses, they are not, despite the fact that estrogens increase and progesterone seems to suppress the immune response, depending on the immune target according to the case.
{"title":"A propósito del Covid-19. El rol de la edad y género en la inmunidad","authors":"Óscar González Campos","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69834","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the immune system is to protect the body from pathogenic microorganisms \u0000such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and even tumor cells, which could cause disease. When the \u0000encounter with pathogens occurs, defenses are produced immediately through the innate \u0000response, faster and more nonspecific, and through the adaptive response, more defined and \u0000personalized for each attacker. Both are triggered by the cells of the immune system being \u0000able to communicate with each other, once they have been activated. The innate immune \u0000system works in tune with the acquired immune system through the close intervention of the \u0000sex hormones, with specific strategies of estrogen and progesterone. Both have a proven \u0000anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action not only at the level of the wall of blood vessels, skin \u0000and mucous membranes, but also in the protection of the central nervous system against all \u0000toxic agents, such as viruses. Estrogens and progesterone play an essential role in the immune \u0000response and its evolution, and although they initially appear as antagonistic responses, they \u0000are not, despite the fact that estrogens increase and progesterone seems to suppress the \u0000immune response, depending on the immune target according to the case.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123706914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-27DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69838
Carlos Guevara O., Eduardo Villa U., Marcos Baabor A.
Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a standard surgical procedure for the treatment of advanced Parkinson Disease (PD) with motor complications that cannot be adequately managed by medical treatment. Currently available literature can guide physicians on basic aspects of patients’ selection and indications for DBS. However, there is a range of real-world clinical settings where the indications of DBS for Parkinson disease are debatable. Objective: to present the experience on PD patients with complex clinical manifestations treated with DBS in our hospital. Method: Report of four PD cases treated with DBS. Case 1: 63-year old woman with advanced PD and severe motor complications; Case 2: 60-year old man with 5 years of disease duration and mild motor complications; Case 3: 67-year old man with severe ventriculomegaly that may have precluded direct electrode passage to the surgical target; Case 4: 67- year-old woman with putative severe axial disability. Results: After one year of follow-up, all patients showed improvement on motor symptoms as well as quality of life. Discussion: We provide a brief rationale for the patient selection in each case to support the decision-making in the management of PD patients with complex clinical cases.
{"title":"Indicación de estimulación cerebral profunda en casos complejos de enfermedad de Parkinson. Experiencia en el Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","authors":"Carlos Guevara O., Eduardo Villa U., Marcos Baabor A.","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69838","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a standard surgical procedure for the treatment of advanced Parkinson Disease (PD) with motor complications that cannot be adequately managed by medical treatment. Currently available literature can guide physicians on basic aspects of patients’ selection and indications for DBS. However, there is a range of real-world clinical settings where the indications of DBS for Parkinson disease are debatable. Objective: to present the experience on PD patients with complex clinical manifestations treated with DBS in our hospital. Method: Report of four PD cases treated with DBS. Case 1: 63-year old woman with advanced PD and severe motor complications; Case 2: 60-year old man with 5 years of disease duration and mild motor complications; Case 3: 67-year old man with severe ventriculomegaly that may have precluded direct electrode passage to the surgical target; Case 4: 67- year-old woman with putative severe axial disability. Results: After one year of follow-up, all patients showed improvement on motor symptoms as well as quality of life. Discussion: We provide a brief rationale for the patient selection in each case to support the decision-making in the management of PD patients with complex clinical cases.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130384252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-27DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69902
F. Silva O., M. Cifuentes D.
SARS-CoV-2 es un βeta-coronavirus perteneciente a la familia Coronaviridae. Es un virus envuelto, cuyo material genético corresponde a ARN polaridad positiva, no segmentado y cuya envoltura le confiere gran susceptibilidad a los detergentes.
{"title":"Retrato microbiológico SARS-CoV-2","authors":"F. Silva O., M. Cifuentes D.","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69902","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV-2 es un βeta-coronavirus perteneciente a la familia Coronaviridae. Es un virus envuelto, cuyo material genético corresponde a ARN polaridad positiva, no segmentado y cuya envoltura le confiere gran susceptibilidad a los detergentes.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134380389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-27DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69835
Francisco Samaniego E, Guillermo Conte L.
Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is characterized by an intense inflammatory response and coagulopathy that is associated to a high incidence of thrombotic events with in situ thrombosis of the microcirculation of the lungs and other organs, which is the key event in the pathogenesis of the respiratory and multi-organ failure. These observations have led to to the use of heparin, which has anticoagulant, antiinflammatory and anti-viral properties, as the best agent to treat these patients. Clinical guidelines recommend the use of heparin thromboprophilaxis in these patients, although there is no agreement in the indication, dose and duration of thromboprophylaxis due to lack of randomized studies.
{"title":"Recomendaciones de prevención y tratamiento de tromboembolismo venoso en infección por SARS-CoV-2","authors":"Francisco Samaniego E, Guillermo Conte L.","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69835","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is characterized by an intense inflammatory response and coagulopathy that is associated to a high incidence of thrombotic events with in situ thrombosis of the microcirculation of the lungs and other organs, which is the key event in the pathogenesis of the respiratory and multi-organ failure. These observations have led to to the use of heparin, which has anticoagulant, antiinflammatory and anti-viral properties, as the best agent to treat these patients. Clinical guidelines recommend the use of heparin thromboprophilaxis in these patients, although there is no agreement in the indication, dose and duration of thromboprophylaxis due to lack of randomized studies.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129169690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-27DOI: 10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69929
María de los Ángeles Juricic U., Mayline Vilches A., Javiera Araya C., Pedro Maldonado A., Samir Nazal Ch.
Visual rehabilitation in people with irreversible Low Vision (LV) aims to optimize the use of remaining vision to execute visual tasks. Conventional rehabilitation exploits the visual potential through training using the remaining visual function, with or without visual aids, to improve performance on specific tasks. However, there is no consensus about the impact of this approach in the long term and on the quality of life of patients. On the other hand, visual neuro-rehabilitation has long-term advantages that can be complementary to conventional strategies and is based on the generation of scotoma awareness and training in the systematic use of extrafoveal regions for fixation and for use as oculomotor reference. These regions called preferred retinal loci (PRL) are established spontaneously in the peripheral retina that still retain visual function and constitute evidence of a high degree of plasticity of the visual system. There is wide evidence of the efficacy of visual neuro-rehabilitation strategies on performance in specific visual tasks, but their impact on the overall visual performance and quality of life of patients is still pending.
{"title":"Neuroplasticidad en personas con baja visión: locus preferente retinal y su potencial para la rehabilitación visual","authors":"María de los Ángeles Juricic U., Mayline Vilches A., Javiera Araya C., Pedro Maldonado A., Samir Nazal Ch.","doi":"10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5354/2735-7996.2020.69929","url":null,"abstract":"Visual rehabilitation in people with irreversible Low Vision (LV) aims to optimize the use of remaining \u0000vision to execute visual tasks. Conventional rehabilitation exploits the visual potential through training \u0000using the remaining visual function, with or without visual aids, to improve performance on specific tasks. \u0000However, there is no consensus about the impact of this approach in the long term and on the quality \u0000of life of patients. On the other hand, visual neuro-rehabilitation has long-term advantages that can be \u0000complementary to conventional strategies and is based on the generation of scotoma awareness and \u0000training in the systematic use of extrafoveal regions for fixation and for use as oculomotor reference. \u0000These regions called preferred retinal loci (PRL) are established spontaneously in the peripheral retina that \u0000still retain visual function and constitute evidence of a high degree of plasticity of the visual system. There \u0000is wide evidence of the efficacy of visual neuro-rehabilitation strategies on performance in specific visual \u0000tasks, but their impact on the overall visual performance and quality of life of patients is still pending.","PeriodicalId":287456,"journal":{"name":"Revista Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132953362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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