Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907996
Ignasi Piqué Muntané, M. J. F. García
Superimposed Training (ST) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme has become an attractive solution to meet the goals of the fifth generation (5G) of mobile communications, by improving the channel estimation performance, which is one of the main challenge in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. This technique does not hinder the throughput, however, it introduces an intrinsic interference since the data and the reference symbols are sent together. In order to mitigate it, several studies propose a time averaging over several OFDM received symbols, where the optimal length of this averaging can be analytically computed by solving a transcendental equation. In this paper, this optimal averaging is approximated by a low complexity parametric approach based on a multiple linear regression model that inputs two parameters, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the relative speed between the transmitter and receiver, which effectively represents the variability of the channel in time. Results show that the approximated solutions give an error of 0.05% on average and 7% at most in terms of the provided mean square error (MSE) of the channel estimation.
{"title":"Parametric Approximation to Optimal Averaging in Superimposed Training Schemes under Realistic Time-Variant Channels","authors":"Ignasi Piqué Muntané, M. J. F. García","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907996","url":null,"abstract":"Superimposed Training (ST) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme has become an attractive solution to meet the goals of the fifth generation (5G) of mobile communications, by improving the channel estimation performance, which is one of the main challenge in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. This technique does not hinder the throughput, however, it introduces an intrinsic interference since the data and the reference symbols are sent together. In order to mitigate it, several studies propose a time averaging over several OFDM received symbols, where the optimal length of this averaging can be analytically computed by solving a transcendental equation. In this paper, this optimal averaging is approximated by a low complexity parametric approach based on a multiple linear regression model that inputs two parameters, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the relative speed between the transmitter and receiver, which effectively represents the variability of the channel in time. Results show that the approximated solutions give an error of 0.05% on average and 7% at most in terms of the provided mean square error (MSE) of the channel estimation.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116886541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907968
Xinyue Liu, I. Darwazeh
This work proposes an energy and spectrally efficient signalling technique for the next generation internet of things (IoT). The signalling method employs the bandwidth compressed fast-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (FOFDM) scheme with the single dimensional pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) as well as the frequency orthogonal filtering technique using Hilbert transform (HT) pair. The proposed HT-FOFDM system is designed and modelled based on the narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) specifications. To investigate the designed signalling method of different spectral efficiencies, we conducted simulations for HT-FOFDM with comparisons to single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). We show that the proposed PAM modulated HT-FOFDM signalling increases the data rate effectively while maintaining reliable transmission within the same bandwidth of 180kHz. Comparative results of the bit error rate (BER) performance in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and constellation diagrams of received noisy signals are presented. Furthermore, we show that HT-FOFDM with PAM modulation schemes comprehensively outperforms SC-FDMA that achieves the same spectral efficiencies with significant power advantages.
{"title":"Energy and Spectrally Efficient Signalling for Next Generation IoT","authors":"Xinyue Liu, I. Darwazeh","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907968","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes an energy and spectrally efficient signalling technique for the next generation internet of things (IoT). The signalling method employs the bandwidth compressed fast-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (FOFDM) scheme with the single dimensional pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) as well as the frequency orthogonal filtering technique using Hilbert transform (HT) pair. The proposed HT-FOFDM system is designed and modelled based on the narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) specifications. To investigate the designed signalling method of different spectral efficiencies, we conducted simulations for HT-FOFDM with comparisons to single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). We show that the proposed PAM modulated HT-FOFDM signalling increases the data rate effectively while maintaining reliable transmission within the same bandwidth of 180kHz. Comparative results of the bit error rate (BER) performance in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and constellation diagrams of received noisy signals are presented. Furthermore, we show that HT-FOFDM with PAM modulation schemes comprehensively outperforms SC-FDMA that achieves the same spectral efficiencies with significant power advantages.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121997180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907960
Ruilin Li, B. Ling, Zhengjia Lin, Caijun Li
The total number of the patients with the depression continues to grow in the recent years. The early detection of the depression is conducive to the timely treatment of the patients. This paper mainly studies whether the people are suffered from the depression or not via analyzing the electroencephalograms acquired under various daily activities. In particular, four patients are suffered from the depression and four people are healthy. They are asked to perform seven activities with the high concentration. Here, the conducted activities are the drawing activity, the eating activity, the doing computer exercises activity, the playing electronic games activity, the reading activity, the playing with the toys activity and the watching the television activity. The electroencephalograms are collected when these activities are conducted. Then, the electroencephalograms are filtered with the passbands of the filtered electroencephalograms being between 100Hz and 150Hz. Next, the empirical mode decomposition is performed. The first four intrinsic mode functions are used to extract the features. Finally, the back propagation neural network, the support vector machine and the random forest are used to classify between the depression patients and the healthy people. It is found that the highest classification accuracy is 89.27%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the electroencephalograms acquired under various activities can be used to detect whether a person has suffered from the depression or not.
{"title":"Detection Of Depression Via Analyzing The Electroencephalograms Acquired Under Various Activities","authors":"Ruilin Li, B. Ling, Zhengjia Lin, Caijun Li","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907960","url":null,"abstract":"The total number of the patients with the depression continues to grow in the recent years. The early detection of the depression is conducive to the timely treatment of the patients. This paper mainly studies whether the people are suffered from the depression or not via analyzing the electroencephalograms acquired under various daily activities. In particular, four patients are suffered from the depression and four people are healthy. They are asked to perform seven activities with the high concentration. Here, the conducted activities are the drawing activity, the eating activity, the doing computer exercises activity, the playing electronic games activity, the reading activity, the playing with the toys activity and the watching the television activity. The electroencephalograms are collected when these activities are conducted. Then, the electroencephalograms are filtered with the passbands of the filtered electroencephalograms being between 100Hz and 150Hz. Next, the empirical mode decomposition is performed. The first four intrinsic mode functions are used to extract the features. Finally, the back propagation neural network, the support vector machine and the random forest are used to classify between the depression patients and the healthy people. It is found that the highest classification accuracy is 89.27%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the electroencephalograms acquired under various activities can be used to detect whether a person has suffered from the depression or not.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"15 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125827604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908024
Henry Marina, I. Soto, J. Valerio, Raul Zamorano-Illanes, Esteban Toledo-Mercado, Rui Wang
This paper presents a method for performing traffic light detection using computer vision. Reliable traffic light detection and classification is crucial for automated driving in urban environments. By using big data and artificial intelligence, a complex dataset belonging to an urban area in China is preprocessed to determine the level of vehicular congestion, and then different machine learning algorithms are applied to a dataset of traffic light images in order to validate them in the urban environment to be studied, this process is explained step by step. The models obtained in this work can be applied in optical camera communication (OCC) systems, and also in intelligent transportation systems (ITS), using tracking channels for visible light communication (VLC). The two optical channels, VLC and OCC, are simulated in terms of the quality of information received in order to apply the previously generated datasets. In this work, a traffic light feature dataset has been generated from images and two traffic light classification models present in images and video frames have been generated from their features, obtaining a maximum accuracy of 94.52 %.
{"title":"Automatic Traffic Light Detection Using AI for VLC","authors":"Henry Marina, I. Soto, J. Valerio, Raul Zamorano-Illanes, Esteban Toledo-Mercado, Rui Wang","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908024","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method for performing traffic light detection using computer vision. Reliable traffic light detection and classification is crucial for automated driving in urban environments. By using big data and artificial intelligence, a complex dataset belonging to an urban area in China is preprocessed to determine the level of vehicular congestion, and then different machine learning algorithms are applied to a dataset of traffic light images in order to validate them in the urban environment to be studied, this process is explained step by step. The models obtained in this work can be applied in optical camera communication (OCC) systems, and also in intelligent transportation systems (ITS), using tracking channels for visible light communication (VLC). The two optical channels, VLC and OCC, are simulated in terms of the quality of information received in order to apply the previously generated datasets. In this work, a traffic light feature dataset has been generated from images and two traffic light classification models present in images and video frames have been generated from their features, obtaining a maximum accuracy of 94.52 %.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125080630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907983
You-Ru Lee, Pin-Chun Hou, T. Hou
In modem factory communication, the traditional field bus type technology has gradually given way to Ethemetbased technology (e.g., industrial Ethernet, traditional Ethernet). Therefore, the Ethernet-based Time Sensitive Network (TSN) specified by the IEEE 802.1 working group quickly became the first choice for industrial real-time networks. TSN makes it possible to achieve deterministic real-time communication over Ethemet. It requires that the transmission of time-triggered (TT) data flows in the network be transmitted according to a pre-planned schedule. However, if TT flows’ routing paths are not carefully chosen (for example, adopting the shortest path algorithm) before their scheduling, the network capacity will be limited. This is because some links saturate faster than other links, preventing more TT flows from being added into the network. Such load imbalance also leaves less link capacity for the secondary rate constrained (RC) flows, resulting in higher latency. In this paper, we propose a twostage load-balancing routing heuristic algorithm for TT flows to avoid congested links as much as possible, and also reap the benefit from the shortest path algorithm. It can achieve low end-to-end delay and also ensure a high degree of load balance.
在现代工厂通信中，传统的现场总线型技术已逐渐让位于基于以太网的技术(如工业以太网、传统以太网)。因此，IEEE 802.1工作组规定的基于以太网的时间敏感网络(TSN)迅速成为工业实时网络的首选。TSN使得在以太网络上实现确定性实时通信成为可能。它要求网络中TT (time-triggered data flow)数据流的传输按照预先规划的时间表进行。但是，如果TT流在调度之前没有仔细选择路由路径(例如采用最短路径算法)，则会限制网络容量。这是因为一些链路比其他链路饱和得更快，从而阻止更多的TT流加入到网络中。这种负载不平衡还会使次要速率受限流的链路容量减少，从而导致更高的延迟。在本文中，我们提出了一种两阶段负载均衡路由启发式算法，以尽可能避免拥塞链路，并获得最短路径算法的优点。它可以实现低端到端延迟，并确保高度的负载均衡。
{"title":"A Two-Stage Routing Algorithm for Time-Triggered Flows in Time Sensitive Networks","authors":"You-Ru Lee, Pin-Chun Hou, T. Hou","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907983","url":null,"abstract":"In modem factory communication, the traditional field bus type technology has gradually given way to Ethemetbased technology (e.g., industrial Ethernet, traditional Ethernet). Therefore, the Ethernet-based Time Sensitive Network (TSN) specified by the IEEE 802.1 working group quickly became the first choice for industrial real-time networks. TSN makes it possible to achieve deterministic real-time communication over Ethemet. It requires that the transmission of time-triggered (TT) data flows in the network be transmitted according to a pre-planned schedule. However, if TT flows’ routing paths are not carefully chosen (for example, adopting the shortest path algorithm) before their scheduling, the network capacity will be limited. This is because some links saturate faster than other links, preventing more TT flows from being added into the network. Such load imbalance also leaves less link capacity for the secondary rate constrained (RC) flows, resulting in higher latency. In this paper, we propose a twostage load-balancing routing heuristic algorithm for TT flows to avoid congested links as much as possible, and also reap the benefit from the shortest path algorithm. It can achieve low end-to-end delay and also ensure a high degree of load balance.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128437766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908062
Ramon Sargeant, A. Als, Evrico Inniss
This research is based on the development of a low-cost fully functioning exoskeleton arm to assist in the rehabilitation of individuals who may have difficulty using their forearm or had a minor stroke. Although there are existing exoskeleton arms on the market, they tend to be very expensive ranging from ${$}$5000 - ${$}$20,000+ USD. These costs are inhibitive for low-income persons in the developing countries of the Eastern Caribbean. The exoskeleton hand was managed by a Teensy 3.6 microcontroller which controlled the actuators and read the data from the arm’s sensors. The exoskeleton was built using 3D printing technology to minimize the development cost and weight associated with metals. Experiments were conducted where the user was required to perform a set of actions such as lifting their forearm and clenching their fingers. These experiments focused on recording the users’ muscle responses with and without assistance from the exoskeleton arm. Results showed that the exoskeleton was successful in supporting the user’s arm movements by reducing the required effort required to complete the action(s). A very basic model of the signals required to predict arm movement was also developed.
{"title":"The Development of a Low-Cost Exoskeleton Arm for Rehabilitation Use","authors":"Ramon Sargeant, A. Als, Evrico Inniss","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908062","url":null,"abstract":"This research is based on the development of a low-cost fully functioning exoskeleton arm to assist in the rehabilitation of individuals who may have difficulty using their forearm or had a minor stroke. Although there are existing exoskeleton arms on the market, they tend to be very expensive ranging from ${$}$5000 - ${$}$20,000+ USD. These costs are inhibitive for low-income persons in the developing countries of the Eastern Caribbean. The exoskeleton hand was managed by a Teensy 3.6 microcontroller which controlled the actuators and read the data from the arm’s sensors. The exoskeleton was built using 3D printing technology to minimize the development cost and weight associated with metals. Experiments were conducted where the user was required to perform a set of actions such as lifting their forearm and clenching their fingers. These experiments focused on recording the users’ muscle responses with and without assistance from the exoskeleton arm. Results showed that the exoskeleton was successful in supporting the user’s arm movements by reducing the required effort required to complete the action(s). A very basic model of the signals required to predict arm movement was also developed.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127398824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907959
I. C. Ijeh, M. Khalighi, M. Elamassie, S. Hranilovic, M. Uysal
Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) links are highly susceptible to the degrading effects of oceanic turbulence and beam misalignment. In this paper, considering a silicon photo-multiplier at the receiver, we evaluate the link average bit-error rate (BER) performance, where an analytical expression is derived for its calculation, validated further by means of numerical simulations. We further investigate the impact of different system parameters on the link average BER.
{"title":"Bit-Error-Rate Performance of an Underwater Wireless Optical Link Under Misalignment and Turbulence Effects","authors":"I. C. Ijeh, M. Khalighi, M. Elamassie, S. Hranilovic, M. Uysal","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907959","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) links are highly susceptible to the degrading effects of oceanic turbulence and beam misalignment. In this paper, considering a silicon photo-multiplier at the receiver, we evaluate the link average bit-error rate (BER) performance, where an analytical expression is derived for its calculation, validated further by means of numerical simulations. We further investigate the impact of different system parameters on the link average BER.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131030807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907917
Gordon Johnson, V. Argyriou, C. Politis
Expression recognition is a challenging task. This paper aims to improve upon the accuracy of an existing Machine Learning classification system, with no-retraining of the existing model, by augmenting the images to improve the classification accuracy. A Mid-Processing Unit is used to manipulate data from the first pass of the classifier, this enhances the original image and improves the overall accuracy result. Three, dimensional reduction algorithms are explored as methods to augment the images; Principal Component Analysis, T-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding, and Non-Negative Matrix Factorisation. Facial Landmarks are also explored as an additional data source. Two phased testing was used; 1. to identify which method combination most improved accuracy, and 2. to fine tune the applied weight to the original images. The final results showed that T-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding in combination with a weight set to 0.024, achieved an almost 1% increase in classifier accuracy.
{"title":"Augmenting Images with a Mid-Processing Unit to Enhance Classification Accuracy","authors":"Gordon Johnson, V. Argyriou, C. Politis","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9907917","url":null,"abstract":"Expression recognition is a challenging task. This paper aims to improve upon the accuracy of an existing Machine Learning classification system, with no-retraining of the existing model, by augmenting the images to improve the classification accuracy. A Mid-Processing Unit is used to manipulate data from the first pass of the classifier, this enhances the original image and improves the overall accuracy result. Three, dimensional reduction algorithms are explored as methods to augment the images; Principal Component Analysis, T-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding, and Non-Negative Matrix Factorisation. Facial Landmarks are also explored as an additional data source. Two phased testing was used; 1. to identify which method combination most improved accuracy, and 2. to fine tune the applied weight to the original images. The final results showed that T-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding in combination with a weight set to 0.024, achieved an almost 1% increase in classifier accuracy.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125650003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908054
N. Hanik, T. Kernetzky, Yizhao Jia, U. Höfler, R. Freund, C. Schubert, I. Sackey, G. Ronniger, L. Zimmermann
Ultra-Broadband Wavelength Conversion is one of the key issues of future high-capacity, flexible optical networks. Using optimized Multi-Modal Optical Waveguides with high cubic nonlinearity, broadband wavelength conversion between extreme optical wavelength-bands has been achieved. In this contribution, the physical background of ultra-broadband optical wavelength-conversion in a highly nonlinear multi-modal Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI-) waveguide and methods to model and optimize its functionality are outlined. Finally, experimental results are presented that prove ultra-broadband conversion of data signals from the C-to O-band of silica fibers at an OSNR-penalty of less than 0.4 dB.
{"title":"Ultra-Broadband Optical Wavelength-Conversion using Nonlinear Multi-Modal Optical Waveguides","authors":"N. Hanik, T. Kernetzky, Yizhao Jia, U. Höfler, R. Freund, C. Schubert, I. Sackey, G. Ronniger, L. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908054","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-Broadband Wavelength Conversion is one of the key issues of future high-capacity, flexible optical networks. Using optimized Multi-Modal Optical Waveguides with high cubic nonlinearity, broadband wavelength conversion between extreme optical wavelength-bands has been achieved. In this contribution, the physical background of ultra-broadband optical wavelength-conversion in a highly nonlinear multi-modal Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI-) waveguide and methods to model and optimize its functionality are outlined. Finally, experimental results are presented that prove ultra-broadband conversion of data signals from the C-to O-band of silica fibers at an OSNR-penalty of less than 0.4 dB.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130555525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908002
J. Anastasov, P. Ivaniš, J. Makal, G. Djordjevic, D. Milic
This paper deals with the physical layer security for the satellite-terrestrial communication system in the presence of an eavesdropper. In the analysis, the satellite has no knowledge of the eavesdropper’s channel state information referring to the passive eavesdropping scenario. The main, as well as the wiretap link, are both characterized as gamma-shadowed Ricean fading channels. The analytical expressions for the secrecy outage probability and the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity are derived. The secrecy diversity order is also determined. The impact of the fading/shadowing parameters and the average signal-to-noise ratios of the legitimate/illegitimate channels on the aforementioned secrecy metrics is investigated. The results illustrate that specific, either main or wiretap channel nature can enhance system security at the physical layer.
{"title":"On the Secrecy Analysis of Satellite-Terrestrial Communication Link over Gamma–shadowed Ricean Fading Channels","authors":"J. Anastasov, P. Ivaniš, J. Makal, G. Djordjevic, D. Milic","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP54353.2022.9908002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the physical layer security for the satellite-terrestrial communication system in the presence of an eavesdropper. In the analysis, the satellite has no knowledge of the eavesdropper’s channel state information referring to the passive eavesdropping scenario. The main, as well as the wiretap link, are both characterized as gamma-shadowed Ricean fading channels. The analytical expressions for the secrecy outage probability and the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity are derived. The secrecy diversity order is also determined. The impact of the fading/shadowing parameters and the average signal-to-noise ratios of the legitimate/illegitimate channels on the aforementioned secrecy metrics is investigated. The results illustrate that specific, either main or wiretap channel nature can enhance system security at the physical layer.","PeriodicalId":288069,"journal":{"name":"2022 13th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130930228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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