Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596436
W. Halang, M. Colnaric
Safety critical computer control systems are dealt with, which can be employed in medical applications. Safety licensing of such systems, especially of their software parts, is extremely difficult and for the time being almost impossible except for the trivial cases. In the presented approach, the article proposes how to design both the hardware and the software of a control system for safety critical applications in order to enhance the safety and to allow for its licensing.
{"title":"On safety-critical computer control systems","authors":"W. Halang, M. Colnaric","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596436","url":null,"abstract":"Safety critical computer control systems are dealt with, which can be employed in medical applications. Safety licensing of such systems, especially of their software parts, is extremely difficult and for the time being almost impossible except for the trivial cases. In the presented approach, the article proposes how to design both the hardware and the software of a control system for safety critical applications in order to enhance the safety and to allow for its licensing.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121145254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596407
J. Borges, Merbil Gonzalez, José Navarro, Néstor J. Rodríguez
The development of powerful and affordable information technologies has increased the interest for clinical computing systems in many hospitals. The latest trend in clinical computing are the Computer-Based Patient Record (CPR) systems. These systems help to improve the quality of health care and at the same time reduce administrative costs. We believe that there are many possibilities to improve these systems. In this paper we present the ongoing work on the development of an automatic system for auto-supervision known as SAAS (Sistema Automatico de Auto Supervision), that introduces improvements to current CPR systems. The approach used in SAAS is based on patient flow and load behavior, and on information about resources capacity and availability. It strives to improve the flow of patients moving through the system and the assignment of resources to serve them. SAAS will be able to provide status on each and all patients as well as the load condition of each resource used in the system. As the SAAS system gains experience it will be able to automatically schedule patients and resources and send warning messages to specific administrative resources. SAAS was originally conceived and is being developed for the Emergency Room (ER) of local hospitals.
功能强大且价格合理的信息技术的发展增加了许多医院对临床计算系统的兴趣。临床计算的最新趋势是基于计算机的病人记录系统。这些系统有助于提高卫生保健质量，同时降低行政成本。我们相信，改善这些系统有很多可能性。在本文中，我们介绍了正在进行的用于自动监督的自动系统的开发工作，该系统被称为SAAS (Sistema Automatico de Auto Supervision)，它对当前的CPR系统进行了改进。SAAS中使用的方法基于患者流和负载行为，以及关于资源容量和可用性的信息。它努力改善病人通过系统的流动，并分配资源为他们服务。SAAS将能够提供每个和所有患者的状态以及系统中使用的每个资源的负载状况。随着SAAS系统获得经验，它将能够自动安排患者和资源，并向特定的管理资源发送警告消息。SAAS最初是为当地医院的急诊室(ER)构思和开发的。
{"title":"SAAS: automatic system for auto-supervision in an emergency room","authors":"J. Borges, Merbil Gonzalez, José Navarro, Néstor J. Rodríguez","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596407","url":null,"abstract":"The development of powerful and affordable information technologies has increased the interest for clinical computing systems in many hospitals. The latest trend in clinical computing are the Computer-Based Patient Record (CPR) systems. These systems help to improve the quality of health care and at the same time reduce administrative costs. We believe that there are many possibilities to improve these systems. In this paper we present the ongoing work on the development of an automatic system for auto-supervision known as SAAS (Sistema Automatico de Auto Supervision), that introduces improvements to current CPR systems. The approach used in SAAS is based on patient flow and load behavior, and on information about resources capacity and availability. It strives to improve the flow of patients moving through the system and the assignment of resources to serve them. SAAS will be able to provide status on each and all patients as well as the load condition of each resource used in the system. As the SAAS system gains experience it will be able to automatically schedule patients and resources and send warning messages to specific administrative resources. SAAS was originally conceived and is being developed for the Emergency Room (ER) of local hospitals.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125129163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596419
A. Traina, A. H. Prado, J. M. Bueno
This paper presents a full reconstruction process of magnetic resonance images. The first step is to bring the acquired data from the frequency domain, using a fast Fourier transform algorithm. A tomographic image interpolation is then used to transform a sequence of tomographic slices in an isotropic volume data set, a process also called 3D reconstruction. This work describes a method the interpolation stage of which is based on a previous matching stage using Delaunay triangulation.
{"title":"3D reconstruction of magnetic resonance imaging using largely spaced slices","authors":"A. Traina, A. H. Prado, J. M. Bueno","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a full reconstruction process of magnetic resonance images. The first step is to bring the acquired data from the frequency domain, using a fast Fourier transform algorithm. A tomographic image interpolation is then used to transform a sequence of tomographic slices in an isotropic volume data set, a process also called 3D reconstruction. This work describes a method the interpolation stage of which is based on a previous matching stage using Delaunay triangulation.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122199736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596428
V. González-Vélez, Teodoro Flores-Rodriguez, B. Flores-Avalos, H. González-Vélez
The authors describe the implementation of SISMAPEO, a database system designed to manage brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) information which enables practitioners to carry out statistical analysis on groups and individuals based on topography maps. In order to evaluate their system they followed a methodology in which each patient is exposed to eyes-closed (OC) and eyes-open (OA) activation methods. Twenty 4-second epochs with a subset of 18 electrodes selected from the 10-20 International System referential montage are recorded. The register is transformed to the frequency domain via a FFT algorithm and then it is analyzed using statistical parameters for each typical band of the EEG spectrum. They present comparisons based on the t-score test, between two infant groups: a group with learning disabilities and a control. An analysis of the resulting coloured brain-mapping studies is presented. These patients show no evidence of abnormality in any imaging study such as CT or NMR. That is why they are using alternative ways of evaluating disorders such as neurophysiologic ones. At this point, they concentrate only on brain mapping records but the SISMAPEO system is planned to manage other relevant records, e.g., EMG or evoked potentials. They are carrying out clinical validations on infants with language and learning disorders.
{"title":"A statistical brain-mapping system for the evaluation of communication disorders","authors":"V. González-Vélez, Teodoro Flores-Rodriguez, B. Flores-Avalos, H. González-Vélez","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596428","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe the implementation of SISMAPEO, a database system designed to manage brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) information which enables practitioners to carry out statistical analysis on groups and individuals based on topography maps. In order to evaluate their system they followed a methodology in which each patient is exposed to eyes-closed (OC) and eyes-open (OA) activation methods. Twenty 4-second epochs with a subset of 18 electrodes selected from the 10-20 International System referential montage are recorded. The register is transformed to the frequency domain via a FFT algorithm and then it is analyzed using statistical parameters for each typical band of the EEG spectrum. They present comparisons based on the t-score test, between two infant groups: a group with learning disabilities and a control. An analysis of the resulting coloured brain-mapping studies is presented. These patients show no evidence of abnormality in any imaging study such as CT or NMR. That is why they are using alternative ways of evaluating disorders such as neurophysiologic ones. At this point, they concentrate only on brain mapping records but the SISMAPEO system is planned to manage other relevant records, e.g., EMG or evoked potentials. They are carrying out clinical validations on infants with language and learning disorders.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121296629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596412
E. Hitti, Marie F. Lucus, J. Saumet
The aim of our study is to develop a computer aided diagnosis tool, allowing characterization of blood tissues from laser Doppler signals of microcirculation. A learning population of four classes corresponding to various local treatments inducing vasoconstriction or vasodilation is available. Signals are modelled by ARMA processes estimated by maximum likelihood identification. Several distances between signals are presented, and we show the first results obtained with the cepstral distance on a set of real data.
{"title":"Classification of cutaneous microcirculation signals","authors":"E. Hitti, Marie F. Lucus, J. Saumet","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596412","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of our study is to develop a computer aided diagnosis tool, allowing characterization of blood tissues from laser Doppler signals of microcirculation. A learning population of four classes corresponding to various local treatments inducing vasoconstriction or vasodilation is available. Signals are modelled by ARMA processes estimated by maximum likelihood identification. Several distances between signals are presented, and we show the first results obtained with the cepstral distance on a set of real data.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133609292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596405
Bogdan Viher, A. Dobnikar, D. Zazula
We developed a cellular automaton that is able to extract the information about the position of follicles in the ultrasonic image. Follicles are small protective sacs containing ova in the cortex of women's ovaries, and their ultrasound monitoring is very important in diagnosing and treatment of infertility. The original ultrasonic images were reduced in size and number of colours and then used as the initial state of our cellular automaton. Following the fundamental natural principle of attacking/defending, the transition rule has been developed. The results are quite encouraging and provide a good starting point for further enhancement and development.
{"title":"Follicle recognition in ultrasonic images using the cellular automata","authors":"Bogdan Viher, A. Dobnikar, D. Zazula","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596405","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a cellular automaton that is able to extract the information about the position of follicles in the ultrasonic image. Follicles are small protective sacs containing ova in the cortex of women's ovaries, and their ultrasound monitoring is very important in diagnosing and treatment of infertility. The original ultrasonic images were reduced in size and number of colours and then used as the initial state of our cellular automaton. Following the fundamental natural principle of attacking/defending, the transition rule has been developed. The results are quite encouraging and provide a good starting point for further enhancement and development.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128843175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596409
O. Bukhres, Stuart Morton
Although satellite and cellular communication advances have enabled users of mobile computers the ability to access information regardless of location, it introduces new problems for transaction management in distributed database systems. Traditional transaction mechanisms and criteria have to be adjusted to accommodate the limitations of a mobile computing environment. Data replication is an example of a technique that is used in traditional database systems to increase the availability and the fault-tolerance of the data, but at the same time adds the overhead of maintaining replica consistency across multiple sites of the network. Data replication is a useful tool in mobile computing due to the fact that a mobile host may be disconnected from the network for long periods of time. The data replication allows the mobile host to use a local data copy while it is disconnected from the network. Mobile hosts that have the capability to store copies of data items increase the difficulty of maintaining replica consistency, because of the mobile host's volatile storage. Also, the mobile host must be assured that the local copies that it is using are valid, and any changes made locally to a copy are reflected in the rest of the system. We introduce a mobile replica management algorithm. A mobile transaction manager (MTM) coordinates the transactions initiated by mobile hosts, which query and update replicated databases stated at both mobile and static hosts in a battlefield environment. This battlefield environment is based upon the U.S. telemedicine (Prime Time III) support in Bosnia. The MTM is responsible for the synchronization of the replicated data items in the network.
{"title":"Mobile computing in military ambulatory care","authors":"O. Bukhres, Stuart Morton","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596409","url":null,"abstract":"Although satellite and cellular communication advances have enabled users of mobile computers the ability to access information regardless of location, it introduces new problems for transaction management in distributed database systems. Traditional transaction mechanisms and criteria have to be adjusted to accommodate the limitations of a mobile computing environment. Data replication is an example of a technique that is used in traditional database systems to increase the availability and the fault-tolerance of the data, but at the same time adds the overhead of maintaining replica consistency across multiple sites of the network. Data replication is a useful tool in mobile computing due to the fact that a mobile host may be disconnected from the network for long periods of time. The data replication allows the mobile host to use a local data copy while it is disconnected from the network. Mobile hosts that have the capability to store copies of data items increase the difficulty of maintaining replica consistency, because of the mobile host's volatile storage. Also, the mobile host must be assured that the local copies that it is using are valid, and any changes made locally to a copy are reflected in the rest of the system. We introduce a mobile replica management algorithm. A mobile transaction manager (MTM) coordinates the transactions initiated by mobile hosts, which query and update replicated databases stated at both mobile and static hosts in a battlefield environment. This battlefield environment is based upon the U.S. telemedicine (Prime Time III) support in Bosnia. The MTM is responsible for the synchronization of the replicated data items in the network.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131681417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596435
A. Babic, M. Petelin, T. Ivanusa
Radiological diagnostics serves as a basic monitoring technique for alveroal bone loss which is a severe consequence of periodontal disease. To evaluate efficacy of Conventional Visual Radiography (CVR), and to assess a complete clinical status we had used two more diagnostic systems. These are: Digital Subtraction Radiography (DSR) and Probing Pocket Depth (PPD). Experimental Periodontitis was studied in 20 beagle dogs based on the measurements taken in the beginning (baseline), and before (11th month) and after the medical treatment (12th month). Data analyses pointed out the same clinical trend, i.e. a significant bone loss prior to medical treatment and its recovery to the initial state. Differences in metrics and measurement errors could be identified as causes for discrepancies between the systems, but a relationship between the CVR and PPD is worth further research, as these systems do not appear to be entirely compatible, but rather complementary to each other.
{"title":"Convergent assessment of radiographic diagnostic systems","authors":"A. Babic, M. Petelin, T. Ivanusa","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596435","url":null,"abstract":"Radiological diagnostics serves as a basic monitoring technique for alveroal bone loss which is a severe consequence of periodontal disease. To evaluate efficacy of Conventional Visual Radiography (CVR), and to assess a complete clinical status we had used two more diagnostic systems. These are: Digital Subtraction Radiography (DSR) and Probing Pocket Depth (PPD). Experimental Periodontitis was studied in 20 beagle dogs based on the measurements taken in the beginning (baseline), and before (11th month) and after the medical treatment (12th month). Data analyses pointed out the same clinical trend, i.e. a significant bone loss prior to medical treatment and its recovery to the initial state. Differences in metrics and measurement errors could be identified as causes for discrepancies between the systems, but a relationship between the CVR and PPD is worth further research, as these systems do not appear to be entirely compatible, but rather complementary to each other.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125802612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596430
H. Laurent, C. Doncarli, M. Guglielmi
The paper presents a new method based on time-frequency representations (TFRs) for detecting reflex activities in EMG signals of biceps brachii. A perturbed flexion-extension forearm movement in the horizontal plane is studied here and a stationarity index is defined using TFRs of Cohen's group in order to depict the reaction of the subject to the perturbation.
{"title":"Detection of human reflex response in EMG signals: a time-frequency approach","authors":"H. Laurent, C. Doncarli, M. Guglielmi","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596430","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a new method based on time-frequency representations (TFRs) for detecting reflex activities in EMG signals of biceps brachii. A perturbed flexion-extension forearm movement in the horizontal plane is studied here and a stationarity index is defined using TFRs of Cohen's group in order to depict the reaction of the subject to the perturbation.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115279085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-11DOI: 10.1109/CBMS.1997.596424
R. Rodosek, D. Zupanic
The paper presents an approach for deriving 3-D structures of polypeptide chains which have minimum energy. The well-known optimisation algorithms are usually applied on the model which contains hard constraints over coordinates of the atoms. The drawback of such strategies is an inefficient search for the optimal solution. The authors' approach proceeds in two steps: first, the standard model is transformed into an equivalent model without hard constraints, and second, the simulated annealing local search algorithm is performed. The empirical results demonstrate that simulated annealing on the proposed model outperforms traditional search algorithms especially with respect to running times.
{"title":"Minimising the energy of the alanine dipeptide by simulated annealing","authors":"R. Rodosek, D. Zupanic","doi":"10.1109/CBMS.1997.596424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CBMS.1997.596424","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an approach for deriving 3-D structures of polypeptide chains which have minimum energy. The well-known optimisation algorithms are usually applied on the model which contains hard constraints over coordinates of the atoms. The drawback of such strategies is an inefficient search for the optimal solution. The authors' approach proceeds in two steps: first, the standard model is transformed into an equivalent model without hard constraints, and second, the simulated annealing local search algorithm is performed. The empirical results demonstrate that simulated annealing on the proposed model outperforms traditional search algorithms especially with respect to running times.","PeriodicalId":292377,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Computer Based Medical Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133699438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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