Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21083/surg.v15i1.7526
Sophia Hou, Rebecca Krieger, Manseerat Uppal, Marlene Wyatt, Linda Dietrich, Paula Brauer, Janis Randall Simpson
Dietitians of Canada (DC) was established in 1997 from the Canadian Dietetic Association and the provincial associations. This project is part of a larger program of work to document the recent history of Canadian dietetic practice, including the professional development (PD) initiatives DC has provided since its inception. The aims of the present study are to synthesize a timeline of PD events since 1993, understand the context that led to their development, and understand their impact on the profession. 13 key informants were recruited by email, of which 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted, and 8 participants provided written contributions. Interview transcripts and written contributions were analyzed thematically, and a final timeline of events was developed. Six themes were found: 1) the use of technology in PD tools, e.g. online courses, Learning on Demand; 2) conferences and workshops , e.g. national conference, Coast-to-Coast workshops; 3) initiatives that placed DC as a leader in health and nutrition, e.g. Practice-based Evidence in Nutrition (PEN); 4) informal discussion about emerging issues in dietetics, e.g. PEN Current Issues, Practice Blog; 5) DC actively sought member input to inform PD strategy, e.g. members issues forums; and, 6) DC PD events demonstrated their support for research and dietetic education, e.g. relationship with CFDR, public health online course. Key concerns for the future included: declining DC membership and funding, and dietetics not keeping pace with other professions on PD. The successes and failures of initiatives in this time period can inform the development of DC’s PD strategy for the coming decades.
{"title":"Supporting Dietitians in Practice: Professional Development Activities of Dietitians of Canada in the Past 30 Years","authors":"Sophia Hou, Rebecca Krieger, Manseerat Uppal, Marlene Wyatt, Linda Dietrich, Paula Brauer, Janis Randall Simpson","doi":"10.21083/surg.v15i1.7526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v15i1.7526","url":null,"abstract":"Dietitians of Canada (DC) was established in 1997 from the Canadian Dietetic Association and the provincial associations. This project is part of a larger program of work to document the recent history of Canadian dietetic practice, including the professional development (PD) initiatives DC has provided since its inception. The aims of the present study are to synthesize a timeline of PD events since 1993, understand the context that led to their development, and understand their impact on the profession. 13 key informants were recruited by email, of which 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted, and 8 participants provided written contributions. Interview transcripts and written contributions were analyzed thematically, and a final timeline of events was developed. Six themes were found: 1) the use of technology in PD tools, e.g. online courses, Learning on Demand; 2) conferences and workshops , e.g. national conference, Coast-to-Coast workshops; 3) initiatives that placed DC as a leader in health and nutrition, e.g. Practice-based Evidence in Nutrition (PEN); 4) informal discussion about emerging issues in dietetics, e.g. PEN Current Issues, Practice Blog; 5) DC actively sought member input to inform PD strategy, e.g. members issues forums; and, 6) DC PD events demonstrated their support for research and dietetic education, e.g. relationship with CFDR, public health online course. Key concerns for the future included: declining DC membership and funding, and dietetics not keeping pace with other professions on PD. The successes and failures of initiatives in this time period can inform the development of DC’s PD strategy for the coming decades. ","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140478712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.21083/surg.v15i1.7176
Khalil Nayef
Sustained economic growth from Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an economic strategy susceptible to volatility. This leaves economies that are relatively dependent upon FDI inflow, such as the Canadian economy, especially vulnerable to volatility shocks. FDI has seen a tremendous rise in global acceptance due to the extensively studied and accepted economic growth benefits it can offer a nation. However, literature studying the methods by which FDI can be detrimental to economic growth and the factors which impact this, are sparse. This paper will expand on the literature regarding Canadian FDI inward flow by closely analyzing Canada’s dependence on FDI and the risks associated with it, as well as its degree of correlation with global volatility. Analyzing the standard deviation of Canadian FDI inward flow during periods of economic uncertainty reveals that, relative to the G7, Canada’s FDI inflow is volatile. Using a Granger causality test and cross-correlation analysis to determine if VIX levels serve as a predictor of Canadian FDI inflow, it becomes clear that the Canadian economy is markedly susceptible to global economic shocks.
{"title":"Canada's Foreign Direct Investment Dependency Problem","authors":"Khalil Nayef","doi":"10.21083/surg.v15i1.7176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v15i1.7176","url":null,"abstract":"Sustained economic growth from Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an economic strategy susceptible to volatility. This leaves economies that are relatively dependent upon FDI inflow, such as the Canadian economy, especially vulnerable to volatility shocks. FDI has seen a tremendous rise in global acceptance due to the extensively studied and accepted economic growth benefits it can offer a nation. However, literature studying the methods by which FDI can be detrimental to economic growth and the factors which impact this, are sparse. This paper will expand on the literature regarding Canadian FDI inward flow by closely analyzing Canada’s dependence on FDI and the risks associated with it, as well as its degree of correlation with global volatility. Analyzing the standard deviation of Canadian FDI inward flow during periods of economic uncertainty reveals that, relative to the G7, Canada’s FDI inflow is volatile. Using a Granger causality test and cross-correlation analysis to determine if VIX levels serve as a predictor of Canadian FDI inflow, it becomes clear that the Canadian economy is markedly susceptible to global economic shocks.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139276543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.21083/surg.v15i1.7167
Meagan Stager
Phragmites australis subsp. australis (hereon Phargmites), has become a dominating threat to the Great Lakes wetlands at a time when climate change pressures are also compromising the integrity of the native habitat. Understanding the role this invader plays in climate change resiliency is crucial in order to improve management decisions to protect and restore wetlands. This literature review was conducted to predict if the Great Lakes wetland’s resiliency to climate change effects could improve in absence of Phragmites. Peer-reviewed articles were analyzed to determine the overall impact of Phragmites on the Great Lakes wetlands by drawing connections between study findings and how this invader may influence the wetland’s ability to mitigate climate change. Evaluation of Phragmites invasion impacts included effects on floral and faunal species diversity, richness and composition, methane and carbon emissions, nutrient availability, and water levels and quality. This examination of studies showed floral, avian, and turtle species diversity to be negatively related to Phragmites invasion, with no clear impacts on frogs and macroinvertebrates. Studies also showed that Phragmites-dominated wetlands increased carbon sequestration, but also increased methane emissions which has greater radiative forcing power, resulting in a net source of greenhouse gases. Soil nutrient availability was found to be negatively impacted by this invader, and effects on water levels and quality were inconclusive due to insufficient available evidence. Overall, this information provides indication that the Great Lakes wetlands could benefit from Phragmites removal, likely enhancing the wetland’s ability to resist climate change effects.
{"title":"Predicting The Great Lakes Wetlands' Resilience to Climate Change in Response to Phragmites australis subsp. australis Removal","authors":"Meagan Stager","doi":"10.21083/surg.v15i1.7167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v15i1.7167","url":null,"abstract":"Phragmites australis subsp. australis (hereon Phargmites), has become a dominating threat to the Great Lakes wetlands at a time when climate change pressures are also compromising the integrity of the native habitat. Understanding the role this invader plays in climate change resiliency is crucial in order to improve management decisions to protect and restore wetlands. This literature review was conducted to predict if the Great Lakes wetland’s resiliency to climate change effects could improve in absence of Phragmites. Peer-reviewed articles were analyzed to determine the overall impact of Phragmites on the Great Lakes wetlands by drawing connections between study findings and how this invader may influence the wetland’s ability to mitigate climate change. Evaluation of Phragmites invasion impacts included effects on floral and faunal species diversity, richness and composition, methane and carbon emissions, nutrient availability, and water levels and quality. This examination of studies showed floral, avian, and turtle species diversity to be negatively related to Phragmites invasion, with no clear impacts on frogs and macroinvertebrates. Studies also showed that Phragmites-dominated wetlands increased carbon sequestration, but also increased methane emissions which has greater radiative forcing power, resulting in a net source of greenhouse gases. Soil nutrient availability was found to be negatively impacted by this invader, and effects on water levels and quality were inconclusive due to insufficient available evidence. Overall, this information provides indication that the Great Lakes wetlands could benefit from Phragmites removal, likely enhancing the wetland’s ability to resist climate change effects.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117047522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.21083/surg.v15i1.7109
Sumika Maeda
Individual animals, including fish, often differ consistently in their behaviours, which is known as personality. An individual’s values on the five axes of personality, which are activity, aggression, anxiety, boldness, and sociality, come together and form syndromes. The major syndromes, proactive or reactive, characterize an individual’s expected behaviour. The cunner wrasse, (Tautogolabrus adspersus), is the only warm-water cleaner fish for removal of sea lice from Atlantic salmon in Eastern Canada. Developing behavioural assay of the syndromes is important for industry to use to improve aquaculture because they are linked to species’ growth, cleaning efficiency, and welfare. I explored if the proactive and reactive syndromes exist in cunners and how their size influences the syndromes. The research was conducted with different sizes of cunners (n=43) in the Hagen Aqualab for three months, starting from January 2020. An open field test, scoring anxiety, and a swimming test, scoring activity, were conducted, followed by a mirror test measuring sociality and aggression. Then, a replica test was conducted to score boldness, followed by a novel object test also measuring boldness. Then, a shelter-seeking test was conducted to score anxiety. I found that cunners of all size-classes showed proactivity and reactivity. However, there was a significant difference in which components of the five axes of personality determined the two syndromes between large and small-medium cunners. These findings may develop a behavioural assay for industry to use when they breed cleaner fish to use for their desired traits, such as better growth and higher cleaning efficiency.
{"title":"Size Differences in Personality Profiles of the Cunner Wrasse (Tautogolabrus adspersus)","authors":"Sumika Maeda","doi":"10.21083/surg.v15i1.7109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v15i1.7109","url":null,"abstract":"Individual animals, including fish, often differ consistently in their behaviours, which is known as personality. An individual’s values on the five axes of personality, which are activity, aggression, anxiety, boldness, and sociality, come together and form syndromes. The major syndromes, proactive or reactive, characterize an individual’s expected behaviour. The cunner wrasse, (Tautogolabrus adspersus), is the only warm-water cleaner fish for removal of sea lice from Atlantic salmon in Eastern Canada. Developing behavioural assay of the syndromes is important for industry to use to improve aquaculture because they are linked to species’ growth, cleaning efficiency, and welfare. I explored if the proactive and reactive syndromes exist in cunners and how their size influences the syndromes. The research was conducted with different sizes of cunners (n=43) in the Hagen Aqualab for three months, starting from January 2020. An open field test, scoring anxiety, and a swimming test, scoring activity, were conducted, followed by a mirror test measuring sociality and aggression. Then, a replica test was conducted to score boldness, followed by a novel object test also measuring boldness. Then, a shelter-seeking test was conducted to score anxiety. I found that cunners of all size-classes showed proactivity and reactivity. However, there was a significant difference in which components of the five axes of personality determined the two syndromes between large and small-medium cunners. These findings may develop a behavioural assay for industry to use when they breed cleaner fish to use for their desired traits, such as better growth and higher cleaning efficiency.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122875659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.21083/surg.v14i1.7070
Prabhjot Bains
In the 1960s two Italian filmmakers, Mario Bava and Sergio Leone, released a string of notable films that directly challenged and re-framed the revered American genres of horror and the western respectively. Their revisualization and ultimate reinterpretation of these traditional genres reached its zenith with the release of Bava’s Black Sabbath (1963) and Leone’s Once Upon a Time in the West (1968). They marked the dawn of a “spaghettification” of the American cinematic form. This paper argues that the “spaghettification” of the horror and western genres within Black Sabbath and Once Upon a Time in the West redefined the visual calculus of these American genres and revitalized their core tenets, cementing a new cinematic approach to them. Their use of cinematic close-ups, operatic scores, technicolour cinematography, and subversion of the American icon through the casting of Boris Karloff and Henry Fonda established a bold new cinematic style that reshaped the classic American form. This analysis will also note that the motivation behind this visual reformulation was wholly divergent, as Bava embraced his low-budget circumstances to relish the absurdity inherent in the horror genre, while Leone sought to establish a “New West” that was emblematic of the violence and bigotry of the American frontier. The cinematic style of these two films were primarily motivated by a love for the American classics and their revitalization of these classic genres would permeate in the minds of many budding auteurs such as Quentin Tarantino and Martin Scorsese, who in turn would go on to further rejuvenate the American cinematic landscape. Keywords: Sergio Leone, Mario Bava, Western, Horror, Italian, American, Cinema
{"title":"Bava & Leone: The “Spaghettification” of the American Cinematic Form","authors":"Prabhjot Bains","doi":"10.21083/surg.v14i1.7070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.7070","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1960s two Italian filmmakers, Mario Bava and Sergio Leone, released a string of notable films that directly challenged and re-framed the revered American genres of horror and the western respectively. Their revisualization and ultimate reinterpretation of these traditional genres reached its zenith with the release of Bava’s Black Sabbath (1963) and Leone’s Once Upon a Time in the West (1968). They marked the dawn of a “spaghettification” of the American cinematic form. \u0000This paper argues that the “spaghettification” of the horror and western genres within Black Sabbath and Once Upon a Time in the West redefined the visual calculus of these American genres and revitalized their core tenets, cementing a new cinematic approach to them. Their use of cinematic close-ups, operatic scores, technicolour cinematography, and subversion of the American icon through the casting of Boris Karloff and Henry Fonda established a bold new cinematic style that reshaped the classic American form. This analysis will also note that the motivation behind this visual reformulation was wholly divergent, as Bava embraced his low-budget circumstances to relish the absurdity inherent in the horror genre, while Leone sought to establish a “New West” that was emblematic of the violence and bigotry of the American frontier. The cinematic style of these two films were primarily motivated by a love for the American classics and their revitalization of these classic genres would permeate in the minds of many budding auteurs such as Quentin Tarantino and Martin Scorsese, who in turn would go on to further rejuvenate the American cinematic landscape. \u0000Keywords: Sergio Leone, Mario Bava, Western, Horror, Italian, American, Cinema","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123954427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-26DOI: 10.21083/surg.v14i1.7081
Sophie Tieu, N. Karrow, B. Mallard, B. Bridle, Armen Charch, Lauri Wagter-Lesperance
N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an acetylated derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine has been widely used as a mucolytic agent and antidote for acetaminophen overdose since the 1960s and the 1980s respectively. NAC possesses antioxidant, cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and mucolytic properties, making it a promising therapeutic agent for a wide range of diseases in both humans and livestock in which oxidative stress and inflammation plays a major role in the onset and progression of the disease. NAC’s primary role is to replenish glutathione (GSH) stores; the master antioxidant in all tissues, however it can also reduce levels of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1), inhibit formation of microbial biofilm, destroy biofilms, and break down disulfide bonds between mucin molecules. Many experimental studies have been conducted on the use of NAC in addressing a wide range of pathological conditions, however, its effectiveness in addressing different pathological conditions in clinical trials remains limited and studies often have conflicting results. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise overview of promising NAC usages for treatment of different human and livestock disorders.
n -乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)是氨基酸l -半胱氨酸的乙酰化衍生物，自20世纪60年代和80年代以来，NAC分别被广泛用作对乙酰氨基酚过量的解粘剂和解毒剂。NAC具有抗氧化、细胞保护、抗炎、抗菌和粘液溶解的特性，使其成为一种有前景的治疗剂，用于人类和牲畜的多种疾病，其中氧化应激和炎症在疾病的发生和发展中起主要作用。NAC的主要作用是补充谷胱甘肽(GSH)储存;它是所有组织中的主要抗氧化剂，但它也可以降低促炎肿瘤坏死因子- α (TNF-)和白细胞介素(IL-6和IL-1)的水平，抑制微生物生物膜的形成，破坏生物膜，并打破粘蛋白分子之间的二硫键。使用NAC治疗多种病理状况的实验研究已经开展，然而，其在临床试验中治疗不同病理状况的有效性仍然有限，研究结果往往相互矛盾。本综述的目的是简要概述NAC在治疗不同人类和牲畜疾病方面的应用前景。
{"title":"N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and its Immunomodulatory Properties","authors":"Sophie Tieu, N. Karrow, B. Mallard, B. Bridle, Armen Charch, Lauri Wagter-Lesperance","doi":"10.21083/surg.v14i1.7081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.7081","url":null,"abstract":"N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an acetylated derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine has been widely used as a mucolytic agent and antidote for acetaminophen overdose since the 1960s and the 1980s respectively. NAC possesses antioxidant, cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and mucolytic properties, making it a promising therapeutic agent for a wide range of diseases in both humans and livestock in which oxidative stress and inflammation plays a major role in the onset and progression of the disease. NAC’s primary role is to replenish glutathione (GSH) stores; the master antioxidant in all tissues, however it can also reduce levels of pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) and interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1), inhibit formation of microbial biofilm, destroy biofilms, and break down disulfide bonds between mucin molecules. Many experimental studies have been conducted on the use of NAC in addressing a wide range of pathological conditions, however, its effectiveness in addressing different pathological conditions in clinical trials remains limited and studies often have conflicting results. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise overview of promising NAC usages for treatment of different human and livestock disorders.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126032589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.21083/surg.v14i1.7071
Aisha Tasawar
There has been rapid growth in the literature surrounding the psychological implications of social media (SM) platforms on adolescent well-being. The physiological effects, however, have not been adequately explored. This review examines the implications of SM on i) neural responses, ii) sleep quality, iii) cellular aging, and iv) the adoption of risky health behaviors, with the overall goal of highlighting novel findings within these domains, identifying gaps in current literature, and providing possible directions for future research. The review was conducted using articles extracted from Google Scholar, PubMed, and NCBI searches. In terms of neural responses, the results demonstrate a decreased activation in the cognitive-control region of the adolescent brain while viewing risky images on SM, however, longitudinal data is required to form causal relationships between SM usage and long-term neurodevelopment. In terms of sleep quality, better insight could be gained if pre-sleep arousal in relation to specific content consumed is analyzed. Increased instances of stress induced due to SM call for the inclusion of this factor when examining markers of cellular aging, as there is no study thus far that has aimed to do so. Lastly, the most direct way in which SM can impact adolescents is through the adoption of risky behaviors being broadcast on these platforms. Analysis of these results suggests that SM platforms hold considerable potential to harm the physiological development of adolescents and warrant further investigation to better understand their full ramifications. Awareness of related issues is important for healthcare professionals and public health organizations.
{"title":"Physiological impacts of social media platforms on adolescent health: a review of key studies and possible directions for future research","authors":"Aisha Tasawar","doi":"10.21083/surg.v14i1.7071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.7071","url":null,"abstract":"There has been rapid growth in the literature surrounding the psychological implications of social media (SM) platforms on adolescent well-being. The physiological effects, however, have not been adequately explored. This review examines the implications of SM on i) neural responses, ii) sleep quality, iii) cellular aging, and iv) the adoption of risky health behaviors, with the overall goal of highlighting novel findings within these domains, identifying gaps in current literature, and providing possible directions for future research. The review was conducted using articles extracted from Google Scholar, PubMed, and NCBI searches. In terms of neural responses, the results demonstrate a decreased activation in the cognitive-control region of the adolescent brain while viewing risky images on SM, however, longitudinal data is required to form causal relationships between SM usage and long-term neurodevelopment. In terms of sleep quality, better insight could be gained if pre-sleep arousal in relation to specific content consumed is analyzed. Increased instances of stress induced due to SM call for the inclusion of this factor when examining markers of cellular aging, as there is no study thus far that has aimed to do so. Lastly, the most direct way in which SM can impact adolescents is through the adoption of risky behaviors being broadcast on these platforms. Analysis of these results suggests that SM platforms hold considerable potential to harm the physiological development of adolescents and warrant further investigation to better understand their full ramifications. Awareness of related issues is important for healthcare professionals and public health organizations.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114353487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-05DOI: 10.21083/surg.v14i1.6864
A. Grady
Hospitals communicate their values, positions, and future goals to the public through their strategic plans. The language and images used in these reports reflect each hospital’s distinct identity. Three hospitals in Toronto, Canada were selected to explore how this identity is communicated through their strategic plans. Using a poststructuralist, pattern-based discourse analysis, a common theme of “Hospital as Community Builder” emerged. All three hospitals used visual and verbal storytelling to anthropomorphize themselves, connect with the community, and foster a sense of ownership and belonging. By incorporating storytelling into their strategic plans, the hospitals transform a historic identity as sterile, institutional bodies into a modern identity as facilitators of community connection.
{"title":"Storytelling and Community Building in Hospitals’ Strategic Plans: A Discourse Analysis","authors":"A. Grady","doi":"10.21083/surg.v14i1.6864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.6864","url":null,"abstract":"Hospitals communicate their values, positions, and future goals to the public through their strategic plans. The language and images used in these reports reflect each hospital’s distinct identity. Three hospitals in Toronto, Canada were selected to explore how this identity is communicated through their strategic plans. Using a poststructuralist, pattern-based discourse analysis, a common theme of “Hospital as Community Builder” emerged. All three hospitals used visual and verbal storytelling to anthropomorphize themselves, connect with the community, and foster a sense of ownership and belonging. By incorporating storytelling into their strategic plans, the hospitals transform a historic identity as sterile, institutional bodies into a modern identity as facilitators of community connection. ","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124345063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870
Anthony Principe
This review presents a general background of psilocybin pharmacology and discusses its uses in treating various mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. A summary of preliminary clinical trials utilizing psilocybin in each disorder is presented, along with an analysis of the neurobiological mechanisms that could explain the results. The purpose of this review is to collect and analyze neuropharmacological data and form an understanding of the possible mechanisms underlying psilocybin’s long-term positive effects in those suffering from various mental health disorders. Psilocybin may be a crucial tool in altering the neurofunctional anatomy that is the pathological core of various mental health disorders. A ‘reset’ of these neurological connections could be the basis of psilocybin treatment and may perhaps inspire a novel foundation of neurological medical intervention in mental health disorders.
{"title":"Neuropharmacological analysis of the anti-addictive and therapeutic effects of psilocybin","authors":"Anthony Principe","doi":"10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.6870","url":null,"abstract":"This review presents a general background of psilocybin pharmacology and discusses its uses in treating various mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. A summary of preliminary clinical trials utilizing psilocybin in each disorder is presented, along with an analysis of the neurobiological mechanisms that could explain the results. The purpose of this review is to collect and analyze neuropharmacological data and form an understanding of the possible mechanisms underlying psilocybin’s long-term positive effects in those suffering from various mental health disorders. Psilocybin may be a crucial tool in altering the neurofunctional anatomy that is the pathological core of various mental health disorders. A ‘reset’ of these neurological connections could be the basis of psilocybin treatment and may perhaps inspire a novel foundation of neurological medical intervention in mental health disorders.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123180475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-25DOI: 10.21083/surg.v14i1.6713
Alejandro Nieto, D. E. Almuina Pica, Tyler Stange
The Maritime province of Nova Scotia has seen coastal flooding become a more frequent phenomenon during the past decades due to the changing climate regime. This has influenced the interest provincial and federal governments have in flood risk modelling, who often incorporate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as useful tools in their analysis. Incorporating LiDAR-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) in their workflows is the next step in hydrological analysis, as LiDAR-derived DEMs offer high resolution data for the analysis of flood risk without the need to rely on biotic or hydrological data. This study aims to follow this theme in order to model the effects of inland flooding in the low relief landscape of the Mersey River, located in Queen’s County, Nova Scotia, and its effects on the infrastructure built along the river network. The analysis included multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) methods coupled with a stochastic simulation approach in order to determine areas where vulnerability is the most certain. Results indicated that high flood risk is present in urbanized areas within 1 km of the Mersey River at a low degree of uncertainty, making them the best candidates for flood-preventive measures. The accuracy provided by LiDAR-derived DEMs supported a high-quality workflow for the MCE and DEM error analysis, proving their utility for floodplain delineation. The addition of historical and hydrological data to future projects could build on the results presented in this study, adding more to the literature on flood risk modelling along the Mersey River.
{"title":"Application of LiDAR-Derived Data using Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) and Stochastic Modelling; A Flood Risk Analysis of the Mersey River, Nova Scotia","authors":"Alejandro Nieto, D. E. Almuina Pica, Tyler Stange","doi":"10.21083/surg.v14i1.6713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21083/surg.v14i1.6713","url":null,"abstract":"The Maritime province of Nova Scotia has seen coastal flooding become a more frequent phenomenon during the past decades due to the changing climate regime. This has influenced the interest provincial and federal governments have in flood risk modelling, who often incorporate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as useful tools in their analysis. Incorporating LiDAR-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) in their workflows is the next step in hydrological analysis, as LiDAR-derived DEMs offer high resolution data for the analysis of flood risk without the need to rely on biotic or hydrological data. This study aims to follow this theme in order to model the effects of inland flooding in the low relief landscape of the Mersey River, located in Queen’s County, Nova Scotia, and its effects on the infrastructure built along the river network. The analysis included multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) methods coupled with a stochastic simulation approach in order to determine areas where vulnerability is the most certain. Results indicated that high flood risk is present in urbanized areas within 1 km of the Mersey River at a low degree of uncertainty, making them the best candidates for flood-preventive measures. The accuracy provided by LiDAR-derived DEMs supported a high-quality workflow for the MCE and DEM error analysis, proving their utility for floodplain delineation. The addition of historical and hydrological data to future projects could build on the results presented in this study, adding more to the literature on flood risk modelling along the Mersey River.","PeriodicalId":292569,"journal":{"name":"SURG Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132239505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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