Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0035
Farhad Ali, Shaista Noor, F. Ahmad, Shahbaz Nazir, Gulfam Nasar
Including supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, and fuel cells, conducting polyaniline (PANI) has been widely used in electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies due to its high conductivity, ease of synthesis, high flexibility, low cost, and distinctive redox properties. Because of its poor stability as a super-capacitive electrode, pure PANI cannot keep up with the rising demands for more N-active sites, better power/energy densities, and more stable molecular structures. These drawbacks as a super-capacitive electrode can be overcome by combining PANI with other active materials such as carbon compounds, metal compounds, and other conducting polymers (CPs). Recent PANI research focuses mainly on PANI-modified composite electrodes and supported composite electrocatalysts for fuel cells and rechargeable batteries, respectively. Due to the synergistic effect, PANI-based composites with various unique structures have shown superior electrochemical performance in supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, and fuel cells. PANI typically functions as a conductive layer and network in different PANI-based composite structures. This review also discusses N-doped carbon materials produced from PANI because they are frequently employed as metal-free electrocatalysts for fuel cells. We conclude by providing a quick summary of upcoming developments and future research directions in PANI
{"title":"Pani-Based Nanocomposites for Electrical Applications: A Review","authors":"Farhad Ali, Shaista Noor, F. Ahmad, Shahbaz Nazir, Gulfam Nasar","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0035","url":null,"abstract":"Including supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, and fuel cells, conducting polyaniline (PANI) has been widely used in electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies due to its high conductivity, ease of synthesis, high flexibility, low cost, and distinctive redox properties. Because of its poor stability as a super-capacitive electrode, pure PANI cannot keep up with the rising demands for more N-active sites, better power/energy densities, and more stable molecular structures. These drawbacks as a super-capacitive electrode can be overcome by combining PANI with other active materials such as carbon compounds, metal compounds, and other conducting polymers (CPs). Recent PANI research focuses mainly on PANI-modified composite electrodes and supported composite electrocatalysts for fuel cells and rechargeable batteries, respectively. Due to the synergistic effect, PANI-based composites with various unique structures have shown superior electrochemical performance in supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, and fuel cells. PANI typically functions as a conductive layer and network in different PANI-based composite structures. This review also discusses N-doped carbon materials produced from PANI because they are frequently employed as metal-free electrocatalysts for fuel cells. We conclude by providing a quick summary of upcoming developments and future research directions in PANI","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126543306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0034
Muhammad Naqeeb Ahmad, H. Khan, Lubna Islam, M. H. Alnasir, Shahid Nisar Ahmad, M. Qureshi, Muhamamd Yaqoob Khan
Many new promising therapeutic and diagnostic methods in medical science use magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Drug targeting, tumor detection, and magnetic hyperthermia treatment are the most common fields of interest where already clinical trials are being performed. Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles have received much attention for their potential applications in such fields. A series of samples of Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles have been synthesized using a co-precipitation route at different annealing temperatures ranging from 150 ? to 1000 ? and labeling them as S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5. The average particle size obtained from XRD data is found to lie in the range of 15 – 55 nm. The crystal structure of the prepared NiFe2O4 four samples annealed at different temperatures is FCC with a lattice constant of 8.34 Å, which agrees with the values. The magnetic properties of the samples were investigated from temperature-dependent hysteresis loops using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The saturation magnetization (coercivity) is found to increase (decrease) with particle size. The hyperthermia measurements are performed by applying alternating magnetic fields of various amplitudes (Oe) and frequencies (kHz). The measured heating ability of the prepared nanoparticles is obtained from the so-called specific absorption rate (SAR), which is found to increase with increasing frequency and field amplitudes. Using the experimentally obtained SAR value, we also used MATLAB code to model the heat diffusion equation to get information on the temperature rise within the tumor as a function of tumor radius and treatment time.The sample S4 annealed at a temperature of 900 ? is found to be the most suitable candidate for hyperthermia applications at the frequency of 543 kHz because of its capability to produce heat in the therapeutic range of 42-48 ? and with an SAR value of 500 W/g.
{"title":"Investigating Nickel Ferrite (NiFe2O4) Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications","authors":"Muhammad Naqeeb Ahmad, H. Khan, Lubna Islam, M. H. Alnasir, Shahid Nisar Ahmad, M. Qureshi, Muhamamd Yaqoob Khan","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0034","url":null,"abstract":"Many new promising therapeutic and diagnostic methods in medical science use magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Drug targeting, tumor detection, and magnetic hyperthermia treatment are the most common fields of interest where already clinical trials are being performed. Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles have received much attention for their potential applications in such fields. A series of samples of Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles have been synthesized using a co-precipitation route at different annealing temperatures ranging from 150 ? to 1000 ? and labeling them as S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5. The average particle size obtained from XRD data is found to lie in the range of 15 – 55 nm. The crystal structure of the prepared NiFe2O4 four samples annealed at different temperatures is FCC with a lattice constant of 8.34 Å, which agrees with the values. The magnetic properties of the samples were investigated from temperature-dependent hysteresis loops using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The saturation magnetization (coercivity) is found to increase (decrease) with particle size. The hyperthermia measurements are performed by applying alternating magnetic fields of various amplitudes (Oe) and frequencies (kHz). The measured heating ability of the prepared nanoparticles is obtained from the so-called specific absorption rate (SAR), which is found to increase with increasing frequency and field amplitudes. Using the experimentally obtained SAR value, we also used MATLAB code to model the heat diffusion equation to get information on the temperature rise within the tumor as a function of tumor radius and treatment time.The sample S4 annealed at a temperature of 900 ? is found to be the most suitable candidate for hyperthermia applications at the frequency of 543 kHz because of its capability to produce heat in the therapeutic range of 42-48 ? and with an SAR value of 500 W/g.","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130821948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0033
T. Ahmad, M. Islam, I. Gul, Mutawara Mahmood Baig, M. Ajmal
Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2-xTlxO4 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) spinel ferrites were prepared via the sol-gel technique. The XRD analysis revealed a single-phase spinel structure. The lattice constant ‘a’ increased from 8.223-8.269Å with doping of Tl+3 due to larger ionic radii of Tl+3 than Fe+3 ions. The mass susceptibility at 300K decreased from 7.46 x 10-3-4.15 x 10-3 cm3/g due tothe weakening of AB interactions followed by a decrease in Curie temperature from 453K to 408K. The electrical permittivity follows the Maxwell-Wagner model and Koop’s theory. The dc resistivity of ferrites at 300K increased from 1.82x109-9.23x109 ?-cm with increasing Tl+3 contents due to increased hopping lengths. The activation energy obtained from Arrhenius plots increased from 0.126 to 0.131eV, increasing Tl+3contents
{"title":"Exploring Study of Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Tl3+ Doped Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 Spinel Ferrites","authors":"T. Ahmad, M. Islam, I. Gul, Mutawara Mahmood Baig, M. Ajmal","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0033","url":null,"abstract":"Co0.5Ni0.5Fe2-xTlxO4 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) spinel ferrites were prepared via the sol-gel technique. The XRD analysis revealed a single-phase spinel structure. The lattice constant ‘a’ increased from 8.223-8.269Å with doping of Tl+3 due to larger ionic radii of Tl+3 than Fe+3 ions. The mass susceptibility at 300K decreased from 7.46 x 10-3-4.15 x 10-3 cm3/g due tothe weakening of AB interactions followed by a decrease in Curie temperature from 453K to 408K. The electrical permittivity follows the Maxwell-Wagner model and Koop’s theory. The dc resistivity of ferrites at 300K increased from 1.82x109-9.23x109 ?-cm with increasing Tl+3 contents due to increased hopping lengths. The activation energy obtained from Arrhenius plots increased from 0.126 to 0.131eV, increasing Tl+3contents","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126709336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0032
Alina Manzoor, A. Shahzad, M. Arshad, Amir Muhammad afzal, Tauqir Shinwari, Muhammad Yaqoob Khan
Sol-gel auto combustion route is employed to fabricate Y-type hexagonal ferrites Ba2-xHoxSr2-yNiyFe12O22(x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1 & y = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5). All prepared samples are examined through XRD, SEM, and dielectric characterization.The prepared samples were then sintered at 950 °C for 6 hours. TGA analysis was carried out to find the estimated sintering temperature for the phase development. The XRD experiment was performed to determine the effect of substitution on structural parameters. XRD crystallite size was observed in the range of 5.5 – 19.79 nm. Lattice constant (a) was found in the range 6.08 – 6.17 Å, and that of c was found in the range 44.08 – 44.73 Å. The averagegrain size value wasnoted to be around ~ 2?m as calculated through SEM.Through Raman spectroscopy, six active modes (3E1g, 2A1g, and E2g) correspond to different vibrational modes of the prepared samples. LCR technique showed that the dielectric constant and the dissipation factor were decreased with increased frequency. A decrease in dielectric losses suggests these materials are for high-frequency applications.
{"title":"Impact of Holmium and Nickel Substitution on Y-Type Hexagonal Ferrites Synthesized via Sol-gel Method","authors":"Alina Manzoor, A. Shahzad, M. Arshad, Amir Muhammad afzal, Tauqir Shinwari, Muhammad Yaqoob Khan","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Sol-gel auto combustion route is employed to fabricate Y-type hexagonal ferrites Ba2-xHoxSr2-yNiyFe12O22(x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1 & y = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5). All prepared samples are examined through XRD, SEM, and dielectric characterization.The prepared samples were then sintered at 950 °C for 6 hours. TGA analysis was carried out to find the estimated sintering temperature for the phase development. The XRD experiment was performed to determine the effect of substitution on structural parameters. XRD crystallite size was observed in the range of 5.5 – 19.79 nm. Lattice constant (a) was found in the range 6.08 – 6.17 Å, and that of c was found in the range 44.08 – 44.73 Å. The averagegrain size value wasnoted to be around ~ 2?m as calculated through SEM.Through Raman spectroscopy, six active modes (3E1g, 2A1g, and E2g) correspond to different vibrational modes of the prepared samples. LCR technique showed that the dielectric constant and the dissipation factor were decreased with increased frequency. A decrease in dielectric losses suggests these materials are for high-frequency applications.","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127634980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0031
Suqqyana Fazal, F. Ahmad, Khizar Hussain Shah, S. Shahida, T. Ahmad, Gulfam Nasar
For lithium-ion batteries, excellent anode materials are recognized as ternary zinc-based oxides. Due to metal oxides' poor cycling stability, rapid capacity deterioration, and poor rate performance, their use as battery anodes reduces their applicability. However, by reducing the material's particle size and loading it on activated and non-activated carbon, the electrochemical performance gets improved. ZnFe2O4 is prepared hydrothermally and analyzed by an X-ray diffractometer to determine the ZnFe2O4 pure phase. SEM data shows that the particle's diameters ranged from 20 to 140 nm. Its 1015 mAh/g capacity after 100 cycles and maintenance cycle stability compared to other anode materials proves it’s an excellent anodic material for lithium-ion batteries.
{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Zinc Ferrite Nanocomposite as an Anode Material in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Integration with Fish Scale-Derived Carbon Support for Enhanced Performance","authors":"Suqqyana Fazal, F. Ahmad, Khizar Hussain Shah, S. Shahida, T. Ahmad, Gulfam Nasar","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2023.0401.0031","url":null,"abstract":"For lithium-ion batteries, excellent anode materials are recognized as ternary zinc-based oxides. Due to metal oxides' poor cycling stability, rapid capacity deterioration, and poor rate performance, their use as battery anodes reduces their applicability. However, by reducing the material's particle size and loading it on activated and non-activated carbon, the electrochemical performance gets improved. ZnFe2O4 is prepared hydrothermally and analyzed by an X-ray diffractometer to determine the ZnFe2O4 pure phase. SEM data shows that the particle's diameters ranged from 20 to 140 nm. Its 1015 mAh/g capacity after 100 cycles and maintenance cycle stability compared to other anode materials proves it’s an excellent anodic material for lithium-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"os-19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127768624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0026
M. Shafique, Z. Zaheer, S. Sharif, H. Taskeen, S. Shah, A. N. Akhtar, G. Murtaza, G. Farid
In this study, a novel method was adopted to tailor the surface properties of iron. We attempted to increase the degradation rate of iron by H-induced damaging. Equal number of H ions were implanted in four samples using a 2MV Pelletron accelerator. But the ion distribution was varied in the iron matrix by adding H ion layers in successively increasing depths. Interesting outcomes, contrary to our assumption were observed. The open-circuit potential was observed to shift toward a stable side. The Tefal plot also revealed improved corrosion potential and decreased corrosion current by adding H layers. Crystallographic studies revealed improved crystallinity and a small shift in preferred orientation of crystal growth.
{"title":"Ion Implantation in the Form of Layers: A Novel Method to Surface Properties","authors":"M. Shafique, Z. Zaheer, S. Sharif, H. Taskeen, S. Shah, A. N. Akhtar, G. Murtaza, G. Farid","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0026","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a novel method was adopted to tailor the surface properties of iron. We attempted to increase the degradation rate of iron by H-induced damaging. Equal number of H ions were implanted in four samples using a 2MV Pelletron accelerator. But the ion distribution was varied in the iron matrix by adding H ion layers in successively increasing depths. Interesting outcomes, contrary to our assumption were observed. The open-circuit potential was observed to shift toward a stable side. The Tefal plot also revealed improved corrosion potential and decreased corrosion current by adding H layers. Crystallographic studies revealed improved crystallinity and a small shift in preferred orientation of crystal growth.","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115113176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0027
Arsa Nageena, Alina Manzoor, Amir Muhammad afzal, M. Arshad, A. Shahzad, M. Kashif
Nano composites of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3 multiferroic with graphene nano platelets (GNPs)x (x = 0, 0.125 %, 0.375 %, and 0.5 %) were synthesized using sol-gel auto ignition process. XRD analysis revealed a single rhombohedrally distorted phase of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3. The present study unfold the impact of GNPs on the structural, electrical, dielectric, and magnetic properties of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3 multiferroics. The substitution of Rare earth elements in pure BFO reduced the value of leakage current which is the basic drawback related with pure BFO. The prepared nanocomposites are then sintered at 800 °C for 7 hrs. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed the rhombohedral distorted perovskite crystal structure of the prepared samples including lattice constant, crystallite size, and X-ray density. The average crystallite sizes of the prepared nanocomposites are noticed in the range 28.14 -to 29.74 nm with increasing the GNPs concentration and lattice constant is found in the range 11.59 -to 11.61 Å. Temperature-dependent resistivity is first observed to increase with an increase in temperature then resistivity decreased with increasing the temperature which indicates a semi-conductor-like behavior as measured by two probe I-V characteristics. LCR technique showed that both the dielectric constant and the dissipation factor are decreased with an increase in frequency. VSM results indicated that saturation magnetization is noted to increase while remanent magnetization decreases with increasing concentration of GNPs.
{"title":"Investigation of Dielectric, Magnetic and Electrical Behavior of BFO/GNPs Nano-Composites Synthesized via Sol-Gel Method","authors":"Arsa Nageena, Alina Manzoor, Amir Muhammad afzal, M. Arshad, A. Shahzad, M. Kashif","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Nano composites of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3 multiferroic with graphene nano platelets (GNPs)x (x = 0, 0.125 %, 0.375 %, and 0.5 %) were synthesized using sol-gel auto ignition process. XRD analysis revealed a single rhombohedrally distorted phase of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3. The present study unfold the impact of GNPs on the structural, electrical, dielectric, and magnetic properties of Ba0.5Bi0.5Nd0.05Fe0.95O3 multiferroics. The substitution of Rare earth elements in pure BFO reduced the value of leakage current which is the basic drawback related with pure BFO. The prepared nanocomposites are then sintered at 800 °C for 7 hrs. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed the rhombohedral distorted perovskite crystal structure of the prepared samples including lattice constant, crystallite size, and X-ray density. The average crystallite sizes of the prepared nanocomposites are noticed in the range 28.14 -to 29.74 nm with increasing the GNPs concentration and lattice constant is found in the range 11.59 -to 11.61 Å. Temperature-dependent resistivity is first observed to increase with an increase in temperature then resistivity decreased with increasing the temperature which indicates a semi-conductor-like behavior as measured by two probe I-V characteristics. LCR technique showed that both the dielectric constant and the dissipation factor are decreased with an increase in frequency. VSM results indicated that saturation magnetization is noted to increase while remanent magnetization decreases with increasing concentration of GNPs.","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127337972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0030
Muhammad Ishfaq, Mahvish Gul, H. Alamri, Gulfam Nasar, Faseeh Ur Raheem
Nano-sized Li0.5Ni0.48Tb0.02Dy0.1Fe1.9O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized employing the micro-emulsion synthesis method. Polyethylene oxide was prepared through in-situ polymerization route. The ferrite-polymer nanocomposites have been synthesized by combining Li0.5Ni0.48Tb0.02Dy0.1Fe1.9O4 ferrite with polyethylene oxide polymer. Spectral, structural, morphological, and dielectric properties of the prepared nano-ferrite powders as well as nanocomposites were investigated by “X-ray diffraction analysis” (XRD), “scanning electron microscopy” (SEM), “Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy” (FTIR) and dielectric measurements. XRD analysis confirmed the synthesis of single-phase spinel structure only. The dielectric parameter was augmented with an increase of ferrite amount. FTIR spectra confirmed the existence of interactions between polyethylene oxide and ferrite particles. SEM study revealed that the nanocomposites comprised core/shell structure and inhomogeneous distribution of grain size. The dielectric parameters such as “real part of dielectric constant” (?), “imaginary part of dielectric constant” (?"), “tan loss”, “AC conductivity” and “quality factor” were investigated in the required range of frequency; that is, 1 MHz – 3 GHz. The peaking behavior has been observed for real (??) and “imaginary (???) parts of dielectric constant” and “dielectric loss” (tan?). “The peaking behavior” was detected beyond 1.5 GHz. A decrease in “the dielectric constants” and “dielectric loss” was found to with the increasing frequency. Dielectric parameters have been well elucidated by explaining “Debye-type relaxation model” in agreement with two layer “Koop's phenomenological theory”. The present investigated samples might have potential applications in high frequency.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Rare Earth Doped Ferrite / Polyethylene Oxide Nanocomposites","authors":"Muhammad Ishfaq, Mahvish Gul, H. Alamri, Gulfam Nasar, Faseeh Ur Raheem","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Nano-sized Li0.5Ni0.48Tb0.02Dy0.1Fe1.9O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized employing the micro-emulsion synthesis method. Polyethylene oxide was prepared through in-situ polymerization route. The ferrite-polymer nanocomposites have been synthesized by combining Li0.5Ni0.48Tb0.02Dy0.1Fe1.9O4 ferrite with polyethylene oxide polymer. Spectral, structural, morphological, and dielectric properties of the prepared nano-ferrite powders as well as nanocomposites were investigated by “X-ray diffraction analysis” (XRD), “scanning electron microscopy” (SEM), “Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy” (FTIR) and dielectric measurements. XRD analysis confirmed the synthesis of single-phase spinel structure only. The dielectric parameter was augmented with an increase of ferrite amount. FTIR spectra confirmed the existence of interactions between polyethylene oxide and ferrite particles. SEM study revealed that the nanocomposites comprised core/shell structure and inhomogeneous distribution of grain size. The dielectric parameters such as “real part of dielectric constant” (?), “imaginary part of dielectric constant” (?\"), “tan loss”, “AC conductivity” and “quality factor” were investigated in the required range of frequency; that is, 1 MHz – 3 GHz. The peaking behavior has been observed for real (??) and “imaginary (???) parts of dielectric constant” and “dielectric loss” (tan?). “The peaking behavior” was detected beyond 1.5 GHz. A decrease in “the dielectric constants” and “dielectric loss” was found to with the increasing frequency. Dielectric parameters have been well elucidated by explaining “Debye-type relaxation model” in agreement with two layer “Koop's phenomenological theory”. The present investigated samples might have potential applications in high frequency.","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126610508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0028
Muhammad Sajid, M. Aamir, M. Jamil, Dr. Mukhtar Ahmad, Shahzada Qamar Hussain
Fluoride (F) contaminated water is of immense health risk. Skeletal as well as dental fluorosis is due to the excessive Fluoride (> 1.5 mg/L) concentration in drinking water. In the present work, MnFe2O4 /banana Peels composite a unique adsorbent has been explored for the elimination of fluoride from aqueous system. These nanocomposites were characterized by XRD and FTIR. Retentivity and coercivity value of nanocomposite is determined by Hysteresis loop. The optimized conditions for the removal of 86% fluoride from field water sample was achieved at pH 8 and in 175 min. From the experimental results, it may be inferred that MnFe2O4 /banana peels composite is an adequate adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from water.
{"title":"Removal of Fluoride Ions (F-1) from Contaminated Drinking Water using MnFe2O4 /Banana Peels Composite Synthesized through Chemical Co-Precipitation Method","authors":"Muhammad Sajid, M. Aamir, M. Jamil, Dr. Mukhtar Ahmad, Shahzada Qamar Hussain","doi":"10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Fluoride (F) contaminated water is of immense health risk. Skeletal as well as dental fluorosis is due to the excessive Fluoride (> 1.5 mg/L) concentration in drinking water. In the present work, MnFe2O4 /banana Peels composite a unique adsorbent has been explored for the elimination of fluoride from aqueous system. These nanocomposites were characterized by XRD and FTIR. Retentivity and coercivity value of nanocomposite is determined by Hysteresis loop. The optimized conditions for the removal of 86% fluoride from field water sample was achieved at pH 8 and in 175 min. From the experimental results, it may be inferred that MnFe2O4 /banana peels composite is an adequate adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from water.","PeriodicalId":293021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials and Physical Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131983989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.52131/jmps.2022.0302.0029
Irum Jamil, Zaheer Ahmad, Muhammad Imran Khan, F. Ahmad
Persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals are damaging the environment. Crops and fields are destroyed by the seepage of heavy metals from untreated industrial waste. The burning and incineration of a variety of items also contributes to main and secondary emissions of pollutants. The excessive usage of Pesticides in Pakistan causes contamination, which effects the ecosystem. Although they increased life quality but also posed a significant health danger. The toxic properties of various pesticides and organic pollutants in Pakistani fruits was observed by exceeding the MRLs. The study aimed to stimulate discussion among Pakistan's stakeholders about the dangers and toxicity of pesticides, as well as prompt plans for environmental cleanup and more environmentally friendly farming. Due to ignorance, a sizable section of the populace is unaware of the issue of pesticide residues and their accumulation in the food chain. The major goal of the review is to record, evaluate, and examine the findings of earlier research on the levels of various pesticides in particular fruits from Pakistan. The results of the earlier investigations made it abundantly evident that more than 50% of the samples were contaminated with pesticides such as organophosphate, pyrethroid, and organochlorine.
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