More electric aircraft (MEA) and the transition to electric vehicles has been the subject of extensive study. The objectives of this research include lowering emissions and fuel consumption, which are comparable to those for automobiles. Many components in traditional airplanes may make use of one or more types of power, such as electrical, hydraulic, mechanical, or pneumatic power. However, each form of energy has its own disadvantages, such as sacrificing overall mechanical efficiency when capturing a particular energy, as in the case of hydraulic and pneumatic systems.The majority of the primary non-electric systems, like environmental controls, Old electrical systems will be replaced with new electrical systems in future aircraft to improve "a variety of aerospace characteristics such as engine start, efficiency, emissions, reliability, and maintenance". This essay offers a thorough examination of how systems alter or will alter. Future aviation innovations like gas-electric propulsion for planes and electric taxis are also discussed. Modern state-of-the-art electric aircraft technology is used in the most recent commercial transport planes. Test results on the WSM method show results with a classification of the best and worst aircraft alternatives.
{"title":"More Electric Planes Analyses of the Difficulties and Possibilities for Business Transport Aircraft Using WSM Method","authors":"","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/2/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/2/3","url":null,"abstract":"More electric aircraft (MEA) and the transition to electric vehicles has been the subject of extensive study. The objectives of this research include lowering emissions and fuel consumption, which are comparable to those for automobiles. Many components in traditional airplanes may make use of one or more types of power, such as electrical, hydraulic, mechanical, or pneumatic power. However, each form of energy has its own disadvantages, such as sacrificing overall mechanical efficiency when capturing a particular energy, as in the case of hydraulic and pneumatic systems.The majority of the primary non-electric systems, like environmental controls, Old electrical systems will be replaced with new electrical systems in future aircraft to improve \"a variety of aerospace characteristics such as engine start, efficiency, emissions, reliability, and maintenance\". This essay offers a thorough examination of how systems alter or will alter. Future aviation innovations like gas-electric propulsion for planes and electric taxis are also discussed. Modern state-of-the-art electric aircraft technology is used in the most recent commercial transport planes. Test results on the WSM method show results with a classification of the best and worst aircraft alternatives.","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139531247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An environmental impact assessment examines a project's potential effects on the environment while taking into consideration natural, social, and economic factors. More than half of the nations in the world require EIA in some capacity. EIAs had much less of an impact than their initial supporters anticipated. This study institutionalizes the difference, offers methodological justifications, and suggests approaches for future EIA use that will be more successful. Extensive knowledge of environmental impact assessments (EIA) as a tool for management of the ecosystem in the future Its goals and level of success have sparked a lot of discussion. It is evaluated based on the "Performance" of EIA. In particular, the debate shifts away from issues of actual implementation and toward the most crucial EIA objectives and their placement in broader decision-making contexts. EIA's implementation of planning choices is generally weak. Empirical research has supported the effect. The goal of this paper is to address Scale weights concern COPRAS interval-valued integers. The COPRAS method is extended to MCDM issues with unknowable knowledge. It essentially establishes some optimization models based on the traditional COPRAS method's fundamental concept, the determination of scale weights. This alternative in this method has been adopted by Delhi, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, Andaman and Nicobar, Chandigarh, Lakshadweep, and the assessment criteria are Terrestrial, Aquatic, Economic, Social, and Cultural, as well as Air, Water, Soil, Noise, and Solid Waste pollution. As a result of this research Principles of the GRA technique uses the short-range and negative-best solutions to calculate the long-range answer, but the comparison of these distances is not thought to be important. Delhi has therefore been given the top ranking; Ladakh has received a poor ranking. This study demonstrates Delhi's elevated levels of air pollution.
{"title":"Environmental Impact Assessment United States of India Using GRA Method","authors":"","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/2/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/2/5","url":null,"abstract":"An environmental impact assessment examines a project's potential effects on the environment while taking into consideration natural, social, and economic factors. More than half of the nations in the world require EIA in some capacity. EIAs had much less of an impact than their initial supporters anticipated. This study institutionalizes the difference, offers methodological justifications, and suggests approaches for future EIA use that will be more successful. Extensive knowledge of environmental impact assessments (EIA) as a tool for management of the ecosystem in the future Its goals and level of success have sparked a lot of discussion. It is evaluated based on the \"Performance\" of EIA. In particular, the debate shifts away from issues of actual implementation and toward the most crucial EIA objectives and their placement in broader decision-making contexts. EIA's implementation of planning choices is generally weak. Empirical research has supported the effect. The goal of this paper is to address Scale weights concern COPRAS interval-valued integers. The COPRAS method is extended to MCDM issues with unknowable knowledge. It essentially establishes some optimization models based on the traditional COPRAS method's fundamental concept, the determination of scale weights. This alternative in this method has been adopted by Delhi, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, Andaman and Nicobar, Chandigarh, Lakshadweep, and the assessment criteria are Terrestrial, Aquatic, Economic, Social, and Cultural, as well as Air, Water, Soil, Noise, and Solid Waste pollution. As a result of this research Principles of the GRA technique uses the short-range and negative-best solutions to calculate the long-range answer, but the comparison of these distances is not thought to be important. Delhi has therefore been given the top ranking; Ladakh has received a poor ranking. This study demonstrates Delhi's elevated levels of air pollution.","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139531071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diesel resources are valuable both industrially and economically around the world. However, considerations including the diminishing supply of fossil energies and the rise in greenhouse gas emissions have accelerated research into greener alternative fuels globally. Presently, emerging nations are having difficulty supplying their expanding energy needs due to the depletion of traditional energy sources. It is essential to increase the variety of energy supplies and lessen reliance on fossil fuels by utilising substitutes to address this challenge. One of these alternate sources is biomass, which may be used to produce fluid biofuels like "bioethanol and biodiesel"."The fuel quality, engine performance characteristics, and emission outcomes of biodiesel" are the main criteria that have changed as a result of variations in the physicochemical features of the oilseeds ("soybean, cottonseed, rapeseed, and camelina"). To choose the best energy crop, these parameters were assessed using "multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodologies". “COPRAS” has been used to determine the importance of each parameter and the order of the studied alternatives for this objective."Rapeseed, soybean, cottonseed, and camelina biodiesel" are respectively the top four oilseed substitutes for the manufacturing of biodiesel, according to the analysis's findings.According to the findings; "rapeseed" is the most suited oilseed for growth as an energy commodity, whereas "camelina" is the least favored option for making biodiesel.
{"title":"Assessment of Selecting the Most Appropriate Oilseed for Biodiesel Production Using the COPRAS Method","authors":"","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/2/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/2/2","url":null,"abstract":"Diesel resources are valuable both industrially and economically around the world. However, considerations including the diminishing supply of fossil energies and the rise in greenhouse gas emissions have accelerated research into greener alternative fuels globally. Presently, emerging nations are having difficulty supplying their expanding energy needs due to the depletion of traditional energy sources. It is essential to increase the variety of energy supplies and lessen reliance on fossil fuels by utilising substitutes to address this challenge. One of these alternate sources is biomass, which may be used to produce fluid biofuels like \"bioethanol and biodiesel\".\"The fuel quality, engine performance characteristics, and emission outcomes of biodiesel\" are the main criteria that have changed as a result of variations in the physicochemical features of the oilseeds (\"soybean, cottonseed, rapeseed, and camelina\"). To choose the best energy crop, these parameters were assessed using \"multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodologies\". “COPRAS” has been used to determine the importance of each parameter and the order of the studied alternatives for this objective.\"Rapeseed, soybean, cottonseed, and camelina biodiesel\" are respectively the top four oilseed substitutes for the manufacturing of biodiesel, according to the analysis's findings.According to the findings; \"rapeseed\" is the most suited oilseed for growth as an energy commodity, whereas \"camelina\" is the least favored option for making biodiesel.","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139531292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultraviolet Radiation. Non-ionizing radiation emitting manmade sources like the sun and tanning beds includes ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Although it can help humans produce vitamin D and has other advantages, it can also be harmful to their health. The sun is a natural source of UV radiation for us. In industrial processes, as well as in medical and dental procedures, ultraviolet light is frequently used for a variety of purposes, such as the destruction of bacteria, the production of fluorescent effects, the curing of inks and resins, phototherapy, and tanning. Different UV wavelengths and intensities are employed for diverse applications. Using a UV detector is the most secure method of detecting UV radiation. Inform the class that the beads they will be using contain a unique pigment that changes color when exposed to UV radiation. UV detectors are the name of these beads. The UV light around the school can be seen using these. UV radiation is necessary to the body because it promotes the production of vitamin D. In addition to being crucial for bone development, immune system health, and blood cell production, vitamin D increases the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from meals. The three key health benefits of UV light are vitamin D production, enhanced mood, and higher energy. Moderate UV light exposure is a good source of vitamin D. This vitamin helps regulate cell division, insulin synthesis, calcium metabolism, immunity, and blood pressure. History and exploration. Due to violet being the color of the highest frequencies of visible light, the word "ultraviolet" signifies "beyond violet" (Latin ultra, "beyond"). Compared to violet light, ultraviolet has a greater frequency and a shorter wavelength. UV radiation can produce erythema, sunburn, photodamage (photoaging), photosensitivity, eye damage, changes in the skin's immune system, and chemical hypersensitivity depending on the amount and kind of radiation and the type of skin of the individual exposed. -an s-in-the-service-retailer-in-reside-in-the-retail-d-in-star-re-in-main-retail-enterprise type of place. This one. Additionally, UV radiation is produced by sunlamps and tanning beds. The multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis (MOORA) method is one of the MADM techniques. It is a group of qualities (prospective students). It is possible to calculate the worth of criteria, making this the ideal choice for decision-makers like prospective students. Hospital inpatient care, Hospital ambulatory care, Primary health care, Pharmaceuticals, Mortality, Morbidity. Cutaneous Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma in Situ, and Actinic Keratosis. From the result, it is seen that Morbidity got the first rank whereas Primary health care is having the lowest rank.
紫外线辐射。太阳和日光浴床等人造非电离辐射包括紫外线（UV）辐射。虽然它可以帮助人类产生维生素 D 并有其他好处，但也可能对人类健康有害。太阳是我们的天然紫外线辐射源。在工业生产、医疗和牙科治疗过程中，紫外线经常被用于各种用途，如消灭细菌、产生荧光效果、固化油墨和树脂、光疗和美黑。不同的紫外线波长和强度用于不同的用途。使用紫外线探测器是检测紫外线辐射最安全的方法。告诉全班同学，他们将要使用的珠子含有一种独特的颜料，在紫外线辐射下会变色。紫外线探测器就是这些珠子的名称。使用这些珠子可以看到学校周围的紫外线。除了对骨骼发育、免疫系统健康和血细胞生成至关重要外，维生素 D 还能增加膳食中钙和磷的吸收。紫外线对健康的三大好处是产生维生素 D、增强情绪和提高能量。适度的紫外线照射是维生素 D 的良好来源。这种维生素有助于调节细胞分裂、胰岛素合成、钙代谢、免疫力和血压。历史和探索。由于紫色是可见光中频率最高的颜色，因此 "紫外线 "一词表示 "超越紫色"（拉丁语 ultra，"超越"）。与紫光相比，紫外线的频率更高，波长更短。紫外线辐射可产生红斑、晒伤、光损伤（光老化）、光敏感、眼损伤、皮肤免疫系统变化和化学过敏，具体取决于辐射量和种类以及受辐射者的皮肤类型。-一个 "服务型零售商 "中的 "服务型零售商"，一个 "星级零售商 "中的 "星级零售商"，一个 "主零售企业 "中的 "主零售企业"。这一个。此外，太阳灯和日光浴床也会产生紫外线辐射。比率分析多目标优化法（MOORA）是 MADM 技术之一。它是一组质量（潜在学生）。它可以计算标准的价值，是准大学生等决策者的理想选择。医院住院护理、医院门诊护理、初级卫生保健、药品、死亡率、发病率。皮肤黑色素瘤、基底细胞癌、原位黑色素瘤和日光性角化病。从结果可以看出，发病率排名第一，而初级保健排名最低。
{"title":"Evaluation of Ultraviolet Radiation using the MOORA Method","authors":"","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/2/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/2/4","url":null,"abstract":"Ultraviolet Radiation. Non-ionizing radiation emitting manmade sources like the sun and tanning beds includes ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Although it can help humans produce vitamin D and has other advantages, it can also be harmful to their health. The sun is a natural source of UV radiation for us. In industrial processes, as well as in medical and dental procedures, ultraviolet light is frequently used for a variety of purposes, such as the destruction of bacteria, the production of fluorescent effects, the curing of inks and resins, phototherapy, and tanning. Different UV wavelengths and intensities are employed for diverse applications. Using a UV detector is the most secure method of detecting UV radiation. Inform the class that the beads they will be using contain a unique pigment that changes color when exposed to UV radiation. UV detectors are the name of these beads. The UV light around the school can be seen using these. UV radiation is necessary to the body because it promotes the production of vitamin D. In addition to being crucial for bone development, immune system health, and blood cell production, vitamin D increases the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from meals. The three key health benefits of UV light are vitamin D production, enhanced mood, and higher energy. Moderate UV light exposure is a good source of vitamin D. This vitamin helps regulate cell division, insulin synthesis, calcium metabolism, immunity, and blood pressure. History and exploration. Due to violet being the color of the highest frequencies of visible light, the word \"ultraviolet\" signifies \"beyond violet\" (Latin ultra, \"beyond\"). Compared to violet light, ultraviolet has a greater frequency and a shorter wavelength. UV radiation can produce erythema, sunburn, photodamage (photoaging), photosensitivity, eye damage, changes in the skin's immune system, and chemical hypersensitivity depending on the amount and kind of radiation and the type of skin of the individual exposed. -an s-in-the-service-retailer-in-reside-in-the-retail-d-in-star-re-in-main-retail-enterprise type of place. This one. Additionally, UV radiation is produced by sunlamps and tanning beds. The multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis (MOORA) method is one of the MADM techniques. It is a group of qualities (prospective students). It is possible to calculate the worth of criteria, making this the ideal choice for decision-makers like prospective students. Hospital inpatient care, Hospital ambulatory care, Primary health care, Pharmaceuticals, Mortality, Morbidity. Cutaneous Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma in Situ, and Actinic Keratosis. From the result, it is seen that Morbidity got the first rank whereas Primary health care is having the lowest rank.","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"25 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139530568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kurinjimalar Ramu, M Ramachandran, Vimala Saravanan, Sathiyaraj Chinnasamy
Considering composites, after treatments like heat processing, and the creation of composite substances in addition to pure components, the range of engineering components is steadily expanding. It is crucial to choose the best material from such a huge material source for each unique part that needs to be made. The picking of acceptable composition for the fuselage, A critical aircraft component, its importance lies in its lightweight and cost-effective nature, along with its thermal and mechanical characteristics. The criteria and options in this study, which attempts to choose components for the fuselage of a commercial airplane, have first been established following expert viewpoints. During the research, the COPRAS technique was employed to evaluate various materials, considering factors such as "density, tensile strength, shear strength, and cost." According to the ranking of options using the COPRAS approach, CFRP is the best option, followed by GFRP, AISI 4130, Al 2024-T3, Al 5052-H32, Al 6061-T6, Al 7075-T6, and AZ31B. In comparison to other chosen materials, CFRP recorded the highest importance with the tensile strength of 1240 MPa, shear strength of 740 MPa, and elastic modulus of 145 Gpa, whereas AZ318 recorded the lowest relevance with the tensile strength of 290 MPa, shear strength of 130 MPa, and elastic modulus of 45 Gpa. The order is summarized as " CFRP> GFRP>AISI 4130> Al 7075-T6> Al 2024-T3> Al 6061-T6> Al 5052-H32> AZ31B ".As per the result of the COPRAS approach, the three choices that were most suited for the fuselage were "CFRP, GFRP, and AISI 4130", with "AZ318 being the least appropriate.
考虑到复合材料，经过热处理等处理，除了纯组件之外，还创造了复合物质，工程组件的范围正在稳步扩大。对于需要制造的每个独特部件，从如此庞大的材料来源中选择最佳材料至关重要。机身是飞机的关键部件，它的重要性在于它的重量轻，成本效益高，以及它的热学和机械特性。本研究试图选择商用飞机机身部件的标准和选项，首先根据专家的观点建立。在研究过程中，采用COPRAS技术评估各种材料，考虑诸如“密度、抗拉强度、抗剪强度和成本”等因素。根据COPRAS方法的方案排序，CFRP为最佳方案，其次为GFRP、AISI 4130、Al 2024-T3、Al 5052-H32、Al 6061-T6、Al 7075-T6、AZ31B。与其他材料相比，CFRP的抗拉强度为1240 MPa，抗剪强度为740 MPa，弹性模量为145 Gpa，而AZ318的抗拉强度为290 MPa，抗剪强度为130 MPa，弹性模量为45 Gpa，相关性最低。订单总结为“CFRP> GFRP>AISI 4130> Al 7075-T6> Al 2024-T3> Al 6061-T6> Al 5052-H32> AZ31B”。根据COPRAS方法的结果，最适合机身的三种选择是“CFRP, GFRP和AISI 4130”，“AZ318”是最不合适的。
{"title":"Assessment on Selection of Appropriate Materials for Fuselage of an Aircraft","authors":"Kurinjimalar Ramu, M Ramachandran, Vimala Saravanan, Sathiyaraj Chinnasamy","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/1/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/1/4","url":null,"abstract":"Considering composites, after treatments like heat processing, and the creation of composite substances in addition to pure components, the range of engineering components is steadily expanding. It is crucial to choose the best material from such a huge material source for each unique part that needs to be made. The picking of acceptable composition for the fuselage, A critical aircraft component, its importance lies in its lightweight and cost-effective nature, along with its thermal and mechanical characteristics. The criteria and options in this study, which attempts to choose components for the fuselage of a commercial airplane, have first been established following expert viewpoints. During the research, the COPRAS technique was employed to evaluate various materials, considering factors such as \"density, tensile strength, shear strength, and cost.\" According to the ranking of options using the COPRAS approach, CFRP is the best option, followed by GFRP, AISI 4130, Al 2024-T3, Al 5052-H32, Al 6061-T6, Al 7075-T6, and AZ31B. In comparison to other chosen materials, CFRP recorded the highest importance with the tensile strength of 1240 MPa, shear strength of 740 MPa, and elastic modulus of 145 Gpa, whereas AZ318 recorded the lowest relevance with the tensile strength of 290 MPa, shear strength of 130 MPa, and elastic modulus of 45 Gpa. The order is summarized as \" CFRP> GFRP>AISI 4130> Al 7075-T6> Al 2024-T3> Al 6061-T6> Al 5052-H32> AZ31B \".As per the result of the COPRAS approach, the three choices that were most suited for the fuselage were \"CFRP, GFRP, and AISI 4130\", with \"AZ318 being the least appropriate.","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129829588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sangeetha Rajkumar, Vimala Saravanan, M. Ramachandran, M. Selvam
Total loss of quality in products or processes Reduction is the objective of robust design. Strong Design is an effective approach that aims to simultaneously decrease product costs and enhance quality while also significantly reducing development time. Strength is defined as a skill Raw material, operating conditions, process equipment, environmental conditions, and human Expected variation in factors Tolerant manufacturing process. Robust design is the design of products, devices, and manufacturing equipment so that their performance and functionality are insensitive to multiple variations, such as manufacturing and assembly tolerances, ambient use conditions, or degradation over time. Therefore, there is not strong design sensitivity – meaning that variation in the product will have minimal influence. In essence, robust design means minimizing the impact of variation on a product. One or more due to unforeseen circumstances Input variables or assumptions are rigorous although modified, their output and predictions are accurate A model is considered robust if. The alternatives being considered are related to specific aircraft features: the aerodynamic characteristic (C1), maximum takeoff weight (C2), armament (C3), and avionics (C4). The evaluation options are Ao, F-16, Su-35, and Mig-35. Based on the evaluation results, Ao obtained the top rank, while Mig-35 received the lowest rank.The value of the dataset for Robust Design of Aero Engine in Weighted product method shows that it results in Ao and top ranking
{"title":"Robust Design of Aero Engine Structures: Using the Weighted Product Method","authors":"Sangeetha Rajkumar, Vimala Saravanan, M. Ramachandran, M. Selvam","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/1/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/1/2","url":null,"abstract":"Total loss of quality in products or processes Reduction is the objective of robust design. Strong Design is an effective approach that aims to simultaneously decrease product costs and enhance quality while also significantly reducing development time. Strength is defined as a skill Raw material, operating conditions, process equipment, environmental conditions, and human Expected variation in factors Tolerant manufacturing process. Robust design is the design of products, devices, and manufacturing equipment so that their performance and functionality are insensitive to multiple variations, such as manufacturing and assembly tolerances, ambient use conditions, or degradation over time. Therefore, there is not strong design sensitivity – meaning that variation in the product will have minimal influence. In essence, robust design means minimizing the impact of variation on a product. One or more due to unforeseen circumstances Input variables or assumptions are rigorous although modified, their output and predictions are accurate A model is considered robust if. The alternatives being considered are related to specific aircraft features: the aerodynamic characteristic (C1), maximum takeoff weight (C2), armament (C3), and avionics (C4). The evaluation options are Ao, F-16, Su-35, and Mig-35. Based on the evaluation results, Ao obtained the top rank, while Mig-35 received the lowest rank.The value of the dataset for Robust Design of Aero Engine in Weighted product method shows that it results in Ao and top ranking","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123947035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vimala Saravanan, M. Ramachandran, Chinnasami Sivaji, Sangeetha Rajkumar
The process of design is a sequential decision-making endeavor that strives to create a successful product while considering technological, societal, and economic constraints. Regarding product design, meeting two fundamental requirements is vital for a successful product. First, it should fulfill all functional or design specifications. Second, it must be economically competitive. In achieving these goals, the careful selection of the materials used in the product plays a critical role. It is important to consider a variety of criteria while choosing materials. These variables encompass a wide range of factors, spanning from physical, mechanical, and electrical characteristics to corrosion resistance and financial aspects. However, when it comes to mechanical design, the primary emphasis lies in the mechanical qualities. Strength, stiffness, toughness, hardness, density, and creep resistance stand out as the most critical material characteristics that frequently arise during the materials selection processes. Making decisions takes information and always involves some level of risk and uncertainty. A common element of the design activity is choosing between possibilities. The result of the TOPSIS analysis is followed by Al 7075-T6 is rank nine, Al 2024-T4 is tenth rank, Ti–6Al–4V is fifth ranked, Ti–2Fe–3Al is ranked second, S-glass 70% Epoxy cont. fibers is rank fourth, S-glass 70% Epoxy fabric is eight ranked, Carbon 63% Epoxy is first, Aramid 62% Epoxy is third, E-glass73%-Epoxy is sixth, E-glass 56% Epoxy is seventh, and for E-glass 65% Polyester is eleventh. The result of the analysis shows that the best materials used Carbon 63%-Epoxy alloy followed by Ti–2Fe–3Al, Aramid 62%-Epoxy, S-glass70%-Epoxy cont. fibers.
{"title":"Analysis of Materials Used in Spar of Human Powered Aircraft by TOPSIS Method","authors":"Vimala Saravanan, M. Ramachandran, Chinnasami Sivaji, Sangeetha Rajkumar","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/1/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/1/3","url":null,"abstract":"The process of design is a sequential decision-making endeavor that strives to create a successful product while considering technological, societal, and economic constraints. Regarding product design, meeting two fundamental requirements is vital for a successful product. First, it should fulfill all functional or design specifications. Second, it must be economically competitive. In achieving these goals, the careful selection of the materials used in the product plays a critical role. It is important to consider a variety of criteria while choosing materials. These variables encompass a wide range of factors, spanning from physical, mechanical, and electrical characteristics to corrosion resistance and financial aspects. However, when it comes to mechanical design, the primary emphasis lies in the mechanical qualities. Strength, stiffness, toughness, hardness, density, and creep resistance stand out as the most critical material characteristics that frequently arise during the materials selection processes. Making decisions takes information and always involves some level of risk and uncertainty. A common element of the design activity is choosing between possibilities. The result of the TOPSIS analysis is followed by Al 7075-T6 is rank nine, Al 2024-T4 is tenth rank, Ti–6Al–4V is fifth ranked, Ti–2Fe–3Al is ranked second, S-glass 70% Epoxy cont. fibers is rank fourth, S-glass 70% Epoxy fabric is eight ranked, Carbon 63% Epoxy is first, Aramid 62% Epoxy is third, E-glass73%-Epoxy is sixth, E-glass 56% Epoxy is seventh, and for E-glass 65% Polyester is eleventh. The result of the analysis shows that the best materials used Carbon 63%-Epoxy alloy followed by Ti–2Fe–3Al, Aramid 62%-Epoxy, S-glass70%-Epoxy cont. fibers.","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120868099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sathiyaraj Chinnasamy, M Ramachandran, C. Raja, Chinnasami Sivaji
In the last 25 years, the amount of international passenger air traffic has tripled, and it is anticipated that this rapid growth will continue in the upcoming 25 years. Although it has significant economic advantages, the expansion of the aviation sector may also have more negative social and environmental effects. “Sustainable aviation policy" is created as a "balanced plan" to address this. While highlighting the financial advantages of the aviation industry, it seeks to address the significant environmental effects of its expansion. This definition of "sustainable aviation" is contested by other organizations, because there is little consensus among nongovernmental Organizations and the aviation sector. “Standard aviation policy" is therefore in dispute, and several parties attempt to change it to suit their own objectives. In order to build policies for sustainable aviation, competing environmental discourses were identified and examined through a classification exercise assisted by rhetorical, stylistic, and thematic analysis. An approach for making judgments involving multiple attributes, which ensures the consistency requirements of each reciprocal matrix, is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Recently, a new method called the Weighted Aggregates Sum Product Assessment System (WASPAS) has been introduced in the literature. WASPAS combines the principles of the weighted product sum and basic aggregate weighting techniques. Linguistic assessments are typically chosen as in decision-making matrix when there is uncertainty and ambiguity. As a result, the purpose of this study is to synthesis WASPAS approaches and adds to the literature. The challenge of outsourcing producer evaluation and selection is resolved using the suggested approach. The options available are HEFA_SO, HEFA_YG, VB_Stover, VB_Pine, ATJ_Stover, ATJ_Pine, DSHC_Stover, DSHC_Pine, FP_Stover, FP_Pine, GFT_Stover, and GFT_Pine. The criteria used for evaluation are TCI (Total Capital Investment in MM$), OPEX (Operating Expenses in MM$), MFSP ($ L− 1) (Minimum Fuel Selling Price in dollars per liter), and MFSP ($ Mg− 1) (Minimum Fuel Selling Price in dollars per mega gram).
{"title":"Strategic Assessment of Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production Technologies Using WASPAS Method","authors":"Sathiyaraj Chinnasamy, M Ramachandran, C. Raja, Chinnasami Sivaji","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/1/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/1/5","url":null,"abstract":"In the last 25 years, the amount of international passenger air traffic has tripled, and it is anticipated that this rapid growth will continue in the upcoming 25 years. Although it has significant economic advantages, the expansion of the aviation sector may also have more negative social and environmental effects. “Sustainable aviation policy\" is created as a \"balanced plan\" to address this. While highlighting the financial advantages of the aviation industry, it seeks to address the significant environmental effects of its expansion. This definition of \"sustainable aviation\" is contested by other organizations, because there is little consensus among nongovernmental Organizations and the aviation sector. “Standard aviation policy\" is therefore in dispute, and several parties attempt to change it to suit their own objectives. In order to build policies for sustainable aviation, competing environmental discourses were identified and examined through a classification exercise assisted by rhetorical, stylistic, and thematic analysis. An approach for making judgments involving multiple attributes, which ensures the consistency requirements of each reciprocal matrix, is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Recently, a new method called the Weighted Aggregates Sum Product Assessment System (WASPAS) has been introduced in the literature. WASPAS combines the principles of the weighted product sum and basic aggregate weighting techniques. Linguistic assessments are typically chosen as in decision-making matrix when there is uncertainty and ambiguity. As a result, the purpose of this study is to synthesis WASPAS approaches and adds to the literature. The challenge of outsourcing producer evaluation and selection is resolved using the suggested approach. The options available are HEFA_SO, HEFA_YG, VB_Stover, VB_Pine, ATJ_Stover, ATJ_Pine, DSHC_Stover, DSHC_Pine, FP_Stover, FP_Pine, GFT_Stover, and GFT_Pine. The criteria used for evaluation are TCI (Total Capital Investment in MM$), OPEX (Operating Expenses in MM$), MFSP ($ L− 1) (Minimum Fuel Selling Price in dollars per liter), and MFSP ($ Mg− 1) (Minimum Fuel Selling Price in dollars per mega gram).","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114682317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Balasubramaniam Sudha, M. Ramachandran, S. Vimala, Raja Chandrasekar
Generally speaking, while making decisions, it is more customary to rely on intuition rather than any form of numerical technique. In areas where there are many options and many factors impacting the choice, such as the selection of materials, a more precise approach would be necessary. It is necessary to understand the material's characteristics, price, design principles, and interactions while making mechanical parts. Material science has not only produced traditional materials such as metals, ceramics, and polymers but has also given rise to various novel materials like composites, smart (intelligent) materials, and functionally graded materials. A designer now has access to a wider range of materials than ever before thanks to the growth of knowledge. In these instances, a strategic choice must be made in order to satisfy all the functional specifications of the product while upholding client requests and preferences. The performance criteria of the component must be specified, along with a general description of the properties and processing needs of the primary material, As the first stage of the material selection process. Consequently, certain material types might be ruled out, while others are chosen as potential options for the component. The relevant material properties are subsequently listed and assigned a priority ranking. The best material can then be chosen using optimization techniques. The result of the COPRAS analysis is followed by Al 2024-T4 is the first rank, Carbon 63% Epoxy is last rank. Based on the analysis, the materials ranked highest for usage are as follows: Al 2024-T4 aluminum alloy, E-glass 73%-Epoxy, E-glass 56% Epoxy, and E-glass 65% Polyester. These selections have been carefully assessed and determined to be the most suitable options, taking into account their specific properties and how well they align with the intended application. The Al 2024-T4 aluminum alloy exhibits excellent strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance, making it an ideal choice for structural components. E-glass 73%-Epoxy, E-glass 56% Epoxy, and E-glass 65% Polyester offer a combination of strength, flexibility, and durability, catering to various requirements within the application. The meticulous evaluation of these materials ensures that the chosen ones will deliver optimal performance and reliability in the designated context.
{"title":"Assessment of Selection of Suitable for Spar of the HumanPowered Aircraft Using COPRAS Method","authors":"Balasubramaniam Sudha, M. Ramachandran, S. Vimala, Raja Chandrasekar","doi":"10.46632/aae/1/1/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46632/aae/1/1/1","url":null,"abstract":"Generally speaking, while making decisions, it is more customary to rely on intuition rather than any form of numerical technique. In areas where there are many options and many factors impacting the choice, such as the selection of materials, a more precise approach would be necessary. It is necessary to understand the material's characteristics, price, design principles, and interactions while making mechanical parts. Material science has not only produced traditional materials such as metals, ceramics, and polymers but has also given rise to various novel materials like composites, smart (intelligent) materials, and functionally graded materials.\u0000A designer now has access to a wider range of materials than ever before thanks to the growth of knowledge. In these instances, a strategic choice must be made in order to satisfy all the functional specifications of the product while upholding client requests and preferences. The performance criteria of the component must be specified, along with a general description of the properties and processing needs of the primary material, \u0000As the first stage of the material selection process. Consequently, certain material types might be ruled out, while others are chosen as potential options for the component. The relevant material properties are subsequently listed and assigned a priority ranking. The best material can then be chosen using optimization techniques. The result of the COPRAS analysis is followed by Al 2024-T4 is the first rank, Carbon 63% Epoxy is last rank. Based on the analysis, the materials ranked highest for usage are as follows: Al 2024-T4 aluminum alloy, E-glass 73%-Epoxy, E-glass 56% Epoxy, and E-glass 65% Polyester. These selections have been carefully assessed and determined to be the most suitable options, taking into account their specific properties and how well they align with the intended application. The Al 2024-T4 aluminum alloy exhibits excellent strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance, making it an ideal choice for structural components. E-glass 73%-Epoxy, E-glass 56% Epoxy, and E-glass 65% Polyester offer a combination of strength, flexibility, and durability, catering to various requirements within the application. The meticulous evaluation of these materials ensures that the chosen ones will deliver optimal performance and reliability in the designated context.","PeriodicalId":294140,"journal":{"name":"Aeronautical and Aerospace Engineering","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121246380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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