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2019 IEEE 18th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics & Cognitive Computing (ICCI*CC)最新文献

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Computational Cognitive-Semantic Based Semantic Learning, Representation and Growth: A Perspective 基于计算认知语义的语义学习、表征和成长:一个视角
Ismael Ali, A. Melton
In this era of data-analytics, the unstructured text remains the main data format. The vector space model is commonly used in representing and modeling text semantics; however, it has some limitations. The main alternative for the vector space model is the graph model from graph theory. Then, the question is: On what basis should text semantics be modeled using graph modeling? Using semantic-graphs, cognitive-semantics tries to answer this question, as it models underlying mechanisms of our human cognition modules in learning, representing and expanding semantics. The fact that textual data is produced in the form of human natural language by human cognition skills means that a reverse-engineering methodology could be promising to extract back semantics from text. In this paper, we present a systematic perspective of the main computational graph-based cognitive-semantic models of human memory, that have been used for the semantic processing of unstructured text. The applications, strengths, and limitations of each model are described. Finally, open problems, future work and conclusions are presented.
在这个数据分析的时代,非结构化文本仍然是主要的数据格式。向量空间模型通常用于文本语义的表示和建模;然而,它也有一些局限性。向量空间模型的主要替代方案是图论中的图模型。那么,问题是:文本语义应该在什么基础上使用图建模?使用语义图,认知语义学试图回答这个问题,因为它模拟了我们人类认知模块在学习,表示和扩展语义中的潜在机制。文本数据是通过人类认知技能以人类自然语言的形式产生的,这一事实意味着逆向工程方法有望从文本中提取回语义。在本文中,我们系统地介绍了主要的基于计算图的人类记忆认知语义模型,这些模型已被用于非结构化文本的语义处理。描述了每种模型的应用、优势和局限性。最后,提出了有待解决的问题、未来的工作和结论。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-Scale PointPillars 3D Object Detection Network 多尺度点柱三维目标检测网络
Hang Ya, G. Luo
Point cloud object detection is a key step in many 3D applications, such as autonomous driving and housekeeping robots. In this paper, we present MPNet, a Multi-Scale PointPillars Network for 3D object detection using point clouds. This paper aims at high accuracy and efficient speed. The proposed neural network is mainly composed of three part, a feature extracting part, a region proposal network, and finally a detection head. We use multi-scale encoders to concurrently extract features by PointNet, and then treat the 3D feature map as a pseudo image with many channels. Inspired by feature pyramid networks (FPN) and deformable convolution, our region proposal network achieves high accuracy while keeps high speed. MPNet combines features with different receptive field, and accelerates model by using 2D convolution, balancing the accuracy and speed well. Experiments on KITTI car detection benchmark show that our MPNet captures better location information on the bird's eye view. It ranks the third place in the Bird's Eye View Leaderboard. Meanwhile, it is the most efficient model compared within the top 10 models in the Bird's Eye View leaderboard.
点云目标检测是许多3D应用的关键步骤,例如自动驾驶和家政机器人。在本文中,我们提出了MPNet,一种多尺度点柱网络,用于使用点云进行三维目标检测。本文以高精度和高效率为目标。该神经网络主要由特征提取部分、区域建议网络和检测头三部分组成。我们使用多尺度编码器通过PointNet并行提取特征,然后将三维特征图作为具有多通道的伪图像处理。受特征金字塔网络(FPN)和可变形卷积的启发,我们的区域建议网络在保持高速度的同时实现了高精度。MPNet结合不同感受野的特征,利用二维卷积加速模型,很好地平衡了精度和速度。在KITTI汽车检测基准上的实验表明,我们的MPNet在鸟瞰图上捕获了更好的位置信息。它在鸟瞰排行榜上排名第三。同时,与Bird’s Eye View排行榜前10名的模型相比,它是最有效的模型。
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引用次数: 0
RTPA-based Software Generation by AI Programming 基于rtpa的AI编程软件生成
Yingxu Wang, James Y. Xu
AI programming toward autonomous software generation is not only a highly demanded technology by the software industry, but also a hard challenge to the theories of software engineering and computational intelligence. A methodology and tool for autonomous program generation (APG) are recently developed based on Real-Time Process Algebra (RTPA). This paper demonstrates an experimental result of autonomous code generation on a digital clock system by the APG tool. The experimental results indicate a novel approach towards AI programming for machine-enabled software generation theories and technologies.
面向自主软件生成的人工智能编程不仅是软件业迫切需要的技术,也是对软件工程和计算智能理论的严峻挑战。基于实时过程代数(RTPA)的自主程序生成(APG)方法和工具是近年来发展起来的。本文给出了利用APG工具在数字时钟系统上实现自主代码生成的实验结果。实验结果表明了一种针对机器支持软件生成理论和技术的人工智能编程的新方法。
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引用次数: 5
How Should Higher Education Respond to 21st Century Challenges? Some Practical Comments 高等教育应如何应对21世纪的挑战?一些实用的意见
Z. Bochniarz
Higher education's most important role is to effectively respond to 21st century challenges by generating new knowledge and shaping human and social capital to resolve communities/stakeholder problems and secure sustainable development. The 21st century has been characterized by rapid changes that have produced numerous challenges, ranging from climate change, information overload and fake news; growing populism, nationalism and xenophobia that increase the probability of conflicts and wars; huge gaps between the rich and the poor; and emerging new technologies that could either empower people or make them more dependent on ruling, and often non-democratic, governments. All these challenges make the future much more uncertain and riskier than ever before. Academia needs to respond to these emerging conditions with an appropriate “toolkit” for students to survive and prosper.
高等教育最重要的作用是通过创造新知识和塑造人力和社会资本来解决社区/利益相关者问题并确保可持续发展,从而有效应对21世纪的挑战。21世纪的特点是快速变化,这带来了许多挑战,从气候变化、信息超载和假新闻;日益增长的民粹主义、民族主义和仇外心理增加了冲突和战争的可能性;贫富差距巨大;新兴的新技术要么赋予人们权力,要么使他们更加依赖统治,而且往往是不民主的政府。所有这些挑战使未来比以往任何时候都更加不确定和危险。学术界需要用适当的“工具包”来应对这些新出现的情况,帮助学生生存和发展。
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引用次数: 0
Reliability Analysis of Hydrogen Bubble Defects in Gas Pipeline Based on Big Data 基于大数据的输气管道氢气泡缺陷可靠性分析
Qimin Zhang, N. Chen
Based on the big data theory and data mining of gas pipeline failure history, the key factors determining the safety of pipeline system are found out, such as probability, function, time and prescribed conditions. Based on the reliability principle, the interference state of probability density distribution of stress and strength is analyzed, and the failure area of pipeline is obtained. Deviation coefficient and reliability coefficient are introduced to establish a reliability evaluation model for a hydrogen blistering defect in gas transmission pipelines, which is distinguished by normal distribution function. After variable replacement, the nonstandard normal distribution function can be transformed into the standard normal distribution function. Referring to the national unified standards for reliability design of building structures, and considering the failure characteristics and consequences of ductile failure of pipeline steel, the criteria for judging reliability of pipeline defects are reasonably determined. Taking the hydrogen bubbling defect of ZQ gas pipeline as an example, the reliability of single bubbling defect and adjacent bubbling defect with different sizes under yield strength and blasting pressure are calculated respectively, and the safety grade of pipeline is evaluated, which provides scientific decision-making basis for safe operation of pipeline.
基于大数据理论和天然气管道故障历史数据挖掘,找出了决定管道系统安全的关键因素,如概率、函数、时间和规定条件。基于可靠性原理,分析了管道应力与强度概率密度分布的干涉状态,得到了管道的失效区域。引入偏差系数和可靠性系数,建立了以正态分布函数区分输气管道氢气起泡缺陷的可靠性评价模型。变量替换后,非标准正态分布函数可以转化为标准正态分布函数。参考国家统一的建筑结构可靠性设计标准,考虑管道钢韧性破坏的破坏特征和后果,合理确定管道缺陷可靠性判断标准。以ZQ燃气管道氢气鼓泡缺陷为例,分别计算了屈服强度和爆破压力下单个鼓泡缺陷和相邻不同尺寸鼓泡缺陷的可靠度,并对管道的安全等级进行了评价,为管道的安全运行提供了科学的决策依据。
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引用次数: 0
Using First-and Third-person POV to Bridge Cultural Misunderstandings in Cognitive Learning System of Different Cultural Communication in Simulated Crowd 用第一第三人称视角消除模拟人群中不同文化交际认知学习系统中的文化误解
Sutasinee Thovuttikul, Y. Ohmoto, T. Nishida
Learning about cultural differences between individuals is a challenging topic because people from many different countries have to work, live, and communicate together, but everyone's background affects their perception. Herein, we create a virtual cultural learning assistance system that can help people learn and interact with cultural agents and learn conversational skills. Learning from simulated first- and third-person camera points of view (POVs) is a method through which participants obtain different perspectives and understandings of a situation. This experiment was conducted with Japanese participants, who were asked to learn from and interact with a digital avatar acting as a customer agent and shopkeeper at the Thai night market. The behavior of the customer agent and the shopkeeper avatar were designed based on the Hofstede cultural dimension with Thai cultural values (Individualism:20, Masculinity:34, Uncertainty avoidance:64). A significant difference between first- and third-person POV groups was found on the individualism dimension (IDV). Results showed that most Japanese participants in the third-person POV group understood the Thai culture IDV better from our simulation than those in the first-person POV group. Furthermore, participants from both first- and third-person POV groups gave a similar score for Thai culture in the masculinity and uncertainty avoidance dimensions. Thus, this scenario and setting were suitable for learning and understanding Thai cultural communication at the night flea-market in both first- and third-person POVs.
了解个人之间的文化差异是一个具有挑战性的话题,因为来自许多不同国家的人必须在一起工作、生活和交流,但每个人的背景都会影响他们的看法。在此,我们创建了一个虚拟的文化学习辅助系统,可以帮助人们学习和与文化代理人互动,并学习会话技巧。从模拟的第一人称和第三人称视角(pov)中学习是参与者获得不同视角和对情境理解的一种方法。这个实验是在日本参与者中进行的,他们被要求向扮演泰国夜市客户代理和店主的数字化身学习并与之互动。顾客代理和店主化身的行为是基于泰国文化价值观的Hofstede文化维度设计的(个人主义:20分,男子气概:34分,不确定性回避:64分)。第一人称与第三人称组在个人主义维度(IDV)上存在显著差异。结果表明,第三人称POV组的大多数日本参与者比第一人称POV组的参与者更能理解泰国文化IDV。此外,第一人称和第三人称POV组的参与者在泰国文化的男子气概和不确定性回避维度上给出了相似的分数。因此,无论是第一人称视角还是第三人称视角,这个场景和设定都适合学习和理解泰国夜市文化交流。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring and Controlling Cognitive Process of Visual Attention in Forest Fire Monitoring System 森林火灾监测系统中视觉注意认知过程的测量与控制
Ljiljana Šerić, D. Krstinić, Pero Bogunovic
Cognitive process of selecting appropriate information plays important role in perception of hazardous phenomenon. Monitoring and early detection of phenomenon are popular measures used for preventing natural and man-induced hazards. Forest fires management can especially benefit from early fire detection. Forest fire video surveillance improves effectiveness of monitoring, especially if automatic fire detection and alarming is a part of a video surveillance system. However, real benefits of monitoring, early detection and fire prevention can only be achieved with human engagement in decision making about the fire hazard. In this paper we report research and preliminary results on the subject of measuring and controlling visual attention in forest fire video monitoring and surveillance system. The research is designed to discover if an operator's attention can be controlled in a working environment of monitoring operative center (MOC). Control of the visual attention would enable more rapid detection of fire. With this in mind, we designed and executed two experiments. In first experiment we measured the time taken for fire detection by subjects in several different scenarios. In other experiment we performed measurement of EEG signal of subjects with single electrode instrument during monitoring period and fire detection. Analysis of the results shows that time taken to detect phenomenon depends on scenario of the video stream and that subject's recognition of fire can be detected with non invasive EEG measurement.
选择适当信息的认知过程在对危险现象的感知中起着重要作用。监测和早期发现现象是预防自然灾害和人为灾害的常用措施。森林火灾管理尤其可以从早期火灾探测中受益。森林火灾视频监控提高了监控的有效性,特别是当火灾自动探测和报警是视频监控系统的一部分时。然而,监测、早期发现和预防火灾的真正好处只有在人类参与火灾危险决策的情况下才能实现。本文报道了森林火灾视频监控系统中视觉注意力测量与控制的研究与初步结果。本研究旨在探讨在监控操作中心(MOC)的工作环境中,操作员的注意力是否可以被控制。控制视觉注意力可以更快地发现火灾。考虑到这一点,我们设计并执行了两个实验。在第一个实验中,我们测量了受试者在几种不同场景下探测火灾所花费的时间。在另一项实验中,我们用单电极仪测量被试在监测期间和火灾探测期间的脑电信号。分析结果表明,检测现象所需的时间取决于视频流的场景,并且可以通过无创脑电图测量来检测受试者对火焰的识别。
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引用次数: 0
Multiscale Point Cloud Optimization for SfM Reconstruction SfM重建的多尺度点云优化
Yushi Li, G. Baciu
The 3D scanning and reconstruction technologies for augmented reality, autonomous vehicles, remote sensing, GIS, object recognition and localization, are often impaired by a critical fundamental problem: noise. Noise is even more problematic in 3D models generated by SfM, or Structure from Motion. Here, the outlier points have an adverse effect on the processing and application of the generated point clouds that are often the basis for 3D feature detection, localization and navigation algorithms. In general, visualization of 3D environments, navigation, and volumetric medical image segmentation present numerous challenges when noisy outliers interfere with the surface delimiters of the scanned objects. In this paper, we propose an effective strategy to filter noisy points generated in the process of SfM reconstruction. We formulate a novel approach based on an adaptive moving least squares (MLS) to optimize the geometric structure of a typical 3D indoor scene model. Different from other existing adaptive MLS, our method considers the adverse interactions between the neighboring non-continuous model components. The effectiveness and the performance of our approach is demonstrated on extended indoor scene models generated from 3D point clouds based on SfM.
用于增强现实、自动驾驶汽车、遥感、地理信息系统、物体识别和定位的3D扫描和重建技术经常受到一个关键的基本问题的影响:噪声。在由SfM或运动结构生成的3D模型中,噪声甚至更成问题。在这里,离群点会对生成的点云的处理和应用产生不利影响,而点云通常是3D特征检测、定位和导航算法的基础。一般来说,当噪声异常值干扰扫描对象的表面分隔符时,3D环境的可视化、导航和体医学图像分割存在许多挑战。在本文中,我们提出了一种有效的策略来过滤在SfM重建过程中产生的噪声点。本文提出了一种基于自适应移动最小二乘(MLS)的优化三维室内场景模型几何结构的新方法。与已有的其他自适应最大估计系统不同,我们的方法考虑了相邻非连续模型分量之间的不利相互作用。在基于SfM的三维点云生成的扩展室内场景模型上验证了该方法的有效性和性能。
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引用次数: 0
Personalized group of readers' emotion traits modeling based on sentimental analysis of novels 基于小说情感分析的个性化读者群体情感特征建模
Yuya Hatakeyama, Runhe Huang, Bowen Du, N. Yen, Haiquan Wang
Studies concerning sentiment analysis haven drawn attentions from a wide spectrum of researchers in the past few years. One of the most eye-catching topics within this emerging field is how emotion can be dectected and extracted properly from the given contexts. This study chooses content from novel to stimulate above mentioned long contexts, and expects analysis results can be projected to a three-dimensions space model. Two major tasks are conducted. First, specific content selected from novel is proceeded through morpheme analysis to estimate emotion status. Second, obtained emotion status is calculated through existing emotion dictionary which was built based on data from the novel. Results are then demonstrated on the three-dimensions space model. At last, two experiments, a systematic way to compare emotion status and an empirical questionnaire, are conducted to verify the performance of proposed method.
在过去的几年里,关于情绪分析的研究已经引起了广泛的关注。在这个新兴领域中,最引人注目的话题之一是如何从给定的环境中检测和提取情感。本研究选取小说内容来刺激上述长语境,并期望分析结果能够投射到三维空间模型中。主要开展两项工作。首先,从小说中选取具体内容,通过语素分析来评估情感状态。其次,通过基于小说数据构建的已有情感词典计算得到的情感状态;然后在三维空间模型上演示了结果。最后,通过系统的情绪状态对比实验和实证问卷调查验证了所提方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Educating for the Future in the Age of Obsolescence 过时时代的未来教育
Piero Dominici
We are dealing with a new hypertechnological era, a phase of radical global mutation that forces us to reformulate our thoughts on categories, codes, languages, instruments, identity, subjectivity, cultural norms and models, (open) communities, relational and communicative areas, environment and ecosystems. Our extraordinary scientific discoveries and technological innovations not only open dizzily onto as yet unimaginable horizons and scenarios, but show, ever more clearly, the urgency of radically rethinking education, teaching and training, underlining the substantial inadequacy of our schools and universities in dealing with this hypercomplexity, in dealing with the indeterminateness and ambivalence of the ongoing metamorphosis, in dealing with the radical interdependence and interconnection of all processes and dynamics; in dealing with the global extension of all political, social and cultural processes. In the Hyperconnected Society, rethinking education is not linked only to technological innovation and to its disruptive velocity; it is not simply a matter of extending or adjusting the traditional educational methods and processes to deal with the digital revolution and with the paradigm shift it has determined. It is not simply a matter of updating contents. The idea that education and educational processes are questions of a purely technical and/or technological nature, solely a problem of skills and know-how and nothing more, is the “great mistake” we are making. It is necessary to rethink education radically because the extraordinary scientific discoveries and the dynamics of the new technologies have completely overturned the complex interaction between biological and cultural evolution, doing away with the borders between the natural and the artificial, leading us not towards simplification, but in quite the opposite direction.
我们正在面对一个新的超技术时代,这是一个彻底的全球突变阶段,迫使我们重新制定我们对类别、代码、语言、工具、身份、主体性、文化规范和模式、(开放)社区、关系和交流领域、环境和生态系统的想法。我们非凡的科学发现和技术创新不仅令人眼花缭乱地打开了迄今难以想象的视野和场景,而且更加清楚地表明,从根本上重新思考教育、教学和培训的紧迫性,强调了我们的学校和大学在处理这种超级复杂性方面的严重不足,在处理正在发生的蜕变的不确定性和矛盾心理方面,在处理所有过程和动态的根本相互依存和相互联系时;在处理所有政治、社会和文化进程的全球扩展时。在高度互联的社会中,重新思考教育不仅与技术创新及其破坏性速度有关;这不仅仅是一个扩展或调整传统教育方法和过程的问题,以应对数字革命及其所决定的范式转变。这不仅仅是更新内容的问题。认为教育和教育过程是纯粹的技术和/或技术性质的问题,仅仅是技能和知识的问题,仅此而已的想法,是我们正在犯的“巨大错误”。有必要从根本上重新思考教育,因为非凡的科学发现和新技术的动态完全颠覆了生物和文化进化之间复杂的相互作用,消除了自然和人工之间的界限,使我们不是走向简单化,而是走向完全相反的方向。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2019 IEEE 18th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics & Cognitive Computing (ICCI*CC)
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