Pub Date : 2023-07-15DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000943252.82844.a7
K. Kani, Derik L Davis, Stephanie Jo, F. S. Chew
Avulsion fractures of the ankle and hindfoot are a diverse group of injuries occurring at level of retinacular, capsuloligamentous, and tendinous attachments. Accurate identification of avulsion fractures and their origins is based on understanding the relevant soft-tissue anatomy. In the first part of this two-series article, avulsion fractures at level of the ankle retinacula and distal tibiofibular syndesmosis were reviewed. The second part of this series of two articles is dedicated to reviewing the relevant anatomy, injury mechanisms, classification, nomenclature, imaging, treatment, and complications of hindfoot avulsion fractures occurring at level of the lateral ankle ligament complex (distally), posterior talar process, tendinous attachments, and miscellaneous soft-tissue attachments not otherwise specified.
{"title":"Beyond the Malleoli: Part 2—Avulsion Fractures of the Hindfoot","authors":"K. Kani, Derik L Davis, Stephanie Jo, F. S. Chew","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000943252.82844.a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000943252.82844.a7","url":null,"abstract":"Avulsion fractures of the ankle and hindfoot are a diverse group of injuries occurring at level of retinacular, capsuloligamentous, and tendinous attachments. Accurate identification of avulsion fractures and their origins is based on understanding the relevant soft-tissue anatomy. In the first part of this two-series article, avulsion fractures at level of the ankle retinacula and distal tibiofibular syndesmosis were reviewed. The second part of this series of two articles is dedicated to reviewing the relevant anatomy, injury mechanisms, classification, nomenclature, imaging, treatment, and complications of hindfoot avulsion fractures occurring at level of the lateral ankle ligament complex (distally), posterior talar process, tendinous attachments, and miscellaneous soft-tissue attachments not otherwise specified.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49200474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond the Malleoli: Part 1—Avulsion Fractures of the Tibia and Fibula","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000942364.41278.f4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000942364.41278.f4","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology 46(14):p 8, July 01, 2023. | DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000942364.41278.f4","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135155040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000942360.35503.01
K. Kani, Derik L Davis, Stephanie Jo, F. S. Chew
Avulsion fractures of the ankle and hindfoot are a diverse group of injuries occurring at level of retinacular, capsuloligamentous, and tendinous attachments. Even small fracture fragments have the potential to cause serious complications (such as ankle instability and accelerated osteoarthritis in the context of avulsion fractures of the surrounding capsuloligamentous supporting structures), if not treated appropriately. This article describes the relevant anatomy, injury mechanisms, classification, nomenclature, imaging, treatment, and complications of ankle and hindfoot avulsion fractures, with the exception of fractures occurring at and in the vicinity of the medial and lateral malleolar tips. In this part 1 of a two-part series, we provide a review of ankle retinacular and distal tibiofibular syndesmotic avulsion fractures.
{"title":"Beyond the Malleoli: Part 1—Avulsion Fractures of the Tibia and Fibula","authors":"K. Kani, Derik L Davis, Stephanie Jo, F. S. Chew","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000942360.35503.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000942360.35503.01","url":null,"abstract":"Avulsion fractures of the ankle and hindfoot are a diverse group of injuries occurring at level of retinacular, capsuloligamentous, and tendinous attachments. Even small fracture fragments have the potential to cause serious complications (such as ankle instability and accelerated osteoarthritis in the context of avulsion fractures of the surrounding capsuloligamentous supporting structures), if not treated appropriately. This article describes the relevant anatomy, injury mechanisms, classification, nomenclature, imaging, treatment, and complications of ankle and hindfoot avulsion fractures, with the exception of fractures occurring at and in the vicinity of the medial and lateral malleolar tips. In this part 1 of a two-part series, we provide a review of ankle retinacular and distal tibiofibular syndesmotic avulsion fractures.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48108884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Broadening the Understanding of Mucinous Carcinoma of the Breast","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000937464.96714.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000937464.96714.25","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology 46(13):p 8, June 30, 2023. | DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000937464.96714.25","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"341 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000937460.09207.26
Daniela Garcia, Scott E Rotenberg, Marion Brody
Mucinous carcinoma (MC) is a rare invasive neoplasm comprising only 2% to 4% of all breast cancers,1 commonly affecting women under the sixth through eighth decades of life. Also referred to as colloid carcinoma, MC has been historically described as a circumscribed, round mass with indolent behavior occurring in older women. This is an oversimplification. The imaging appearance, biological behavior, and demographic profile of MC are variable, often correlating with histologic subtype and nuclear differentiation and in some instances mimicking benign pathologies. Broadening the understanding of MC will help radiologists establish concordance, guide clinical management, and accurately surveille cases in multidisciplinary tumor boards.
{"title":"Broadening the Understanding of Mucinous Carcinoma of the Breast","authors":"Daniela Garcia, Scott E Rotenberg, Marion Brody","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000937460.09207.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000937460.09207.26","url":null,"abstract":"Mucinous carcinoma (MC) is a rare invasive neoplasm comprising only 2% to 4% of all breast cancers,1 commonly affecting women under the sixth through eighth decades of life. Also referred to as colloid carcinoma, MC has been historically described as a circumscribed, round mass with indolent behavior occurring in older women. This is an oversimplification. The imaging appearance, biological behavior, and demographic profile of MC are variable, often correlating with histologic subtype and nuclear differentiation and in some instances mimicking benign pathologies. Broadening the understanding of MC will help radiologists establish concordance, guide clinical management, and accurately surveille cases in multidisciplinary tumor boards.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46228661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000936784.78776.7e
Stephen C. McKeown, Nandan Keshav, W. M. Thompson
Pancreatitis is a major cause of hospital admissions with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Global incidence rates have continued to increase over the last several decades with United States leading the Western world. The most common causes include gallstones for acute pancreatitis and alcohol abuse for both chronic and acute pancreatitis; these are well described in the literature and not infrequently encountered in the day-to-day practice of radiology. Several uncommon pancreatitis causes have unique characteristic patient demographics, clinical presentations, and imaging findings. The unique features relevant to the practice of radiology are discussed for autoimmune pancreatitis, groove pancreatitis, tropical pancreatitis, hereditary pancreatitis, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma presenting as acute pancreatitis with companion cases. The differentiating features of these uncommon causes are emphasized to arrive at a diagnosis. Should imaging remain equivocal, the next steps necessary to arrive at a diagnosis are reviewed. Understanding the various presentations of acute and chronic pancreatitis, both uncommon and common causes are of utmost importance for the practicing radiologist in facilitating management of patient care.
{"title":"Beyond Alcohol and Gallstones: Uncommon Causes of Pancreatitis","authors":"Stephen C. McKeown, Nandan Keshav, W. M. Thompson","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000936784.78776.7e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000936784.78776.7e","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatitis is a major cause of hospital admissions with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Global incidence rates have continued to increase over the last several decades with United States leading the Western world. The most common causes include gallstones for acute pancreatitis and alcohol abuse for both chronic and acute pancreatitis; these are well described in the literature and not infrequently encountered in the day-to-day practice of radiology. Several uncommon pancreatitis causes have unique characteristic patient demographics, clinical presentations, and imaging findings. The unique features relevant to the practice of radiology are discussed for autoimmune pancreatitis, groove pancreatitis, tropical pancreatitis, hereditary pancreatitis, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma presenting as acute pancreatitis with companion cases. The differentiating features of these uncommon causes are emphasized to arrive at a diagnosis. Should imaging remain equivocal, the next steps necessary to arrive at a diagnosis are reviewed. Understanding the various presentations of acute and chronic pancreatitis, both uncommon and common causes are of utmost importance for the practicing radiologist in facilitating management of patient care.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44497428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.1097/01.cdr.0000934052.87814.44
{"title":"Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Hepatobiliary Disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000934052.87814.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000934052.87814.44","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44055135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-31DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000934048.93296.91
Jennifer Ledezma Dominguez, Shana Elman, William Thompson
Hepatobiliary scintigraphy, or nuclear medicine imaging of the hepatobiliary system, is a routine diagnostic examination used to identify biliary pathology. It is performed most often by nuclear medicine technologists with imaging studies interpreted by a radiologist.1 Physicians interpreting these studies must understand the indications, contraindications, and reasons for false-positives and false-negatives to accurately correlate findings with pathology. It is essential that physicians interpreting hepatobiliary scintigraphy studies understand the anatomy, physiology, and how patient preparation can impact imaging findings to best correlate findings to biliary pathology. Understanding these concepts provides the best patient care and treatment options.
{"title":"Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Hepatobiliary Disease","authors":"Jennifer Ledezma Dominguez, Shana Elman, William Thompson","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000934048.93296.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000934048.93296.91","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatobiliary scintigraphy, or nuclear medicine imaging of the hepatobiliary system, is a routine diagnostic examination used to identify biliary pathology. It is performed most often by nuclear medicine technologists with imaging studies interpreted by a radiologist.1 Physicians interpreting these studies must understand the indications, contraindications, and reasons for false-positives and false-negatives to accurately correlate findings with pathology. It is essential that physicians interpreting hepatobiliary scintigraphy studies understand the anatomy, physiology, and how patient preparation can impact imaging findings to best correlate findings to biliary pathology. Understanding these concepts provides the best patient care and treatment options.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45691845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000931496.25269.d5
Cameron Fateri, Scott E. Cramer, Jeanette Meraz, David Horton, Nathan Feil, Thanh-Lan Bui, M. Nguyentat, R. Houshyar, Mohammad Helmy
Thyroid cancer screening tripled from 1975 to 2009, whereas mortality due to thyroid cancer has not significantly changed, suggesting an overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer. Thyroid nodules are typically first assessed with ultrasound and followed up with fine needle aspiration (FNA), if indicated. Thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) is designed to improve diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification, leading to a decrease in unnecessary FNA procedures and follow-up examinations. TI-RADS assigns scores in five categories—composition, echogenicity, shape, margins, and echogenic foci—which are totaled to yield a final overall TI-RADS score and classification. The final classification has been shown to correlate with the likelihood of malignancy.
{"title":"Thyroid Nodule Classification by Ultrasound: TI-RADS A to Z","authors":"Cameron Fateri, Scott E. Cramer, Jeanette Meraz, David Horton, Nathan Feil, Thanh-Lan Bui, M. Nguyentat, R. Houshyar, Mohammad Helmy","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000931496.25269.d5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000931496.25269.d5","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid cancer screening tripled from 1975 to 2009, whereas mortality due to thyroid cancer has not significantly changed, suggesting an overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer. Thyroid nodules are typically first assessed with ultrasound and followed up with fine needle aspiration (FNA), if indicated. Thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) is designed to improve diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification, leading to a decrease in unnecessary FNA procedures and follow-up examinations. TI-RADS assigns scores in five categories—composition, echogenicity, shape, margins, and echogenic foci—which are totaled to yield a final overall TI-RADS score and classification. The final classification has been shown to correlate with the likelihood of malignancy.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44036685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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