Pub Date : 2021-03-15DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000735124.32066.1a
Sohn Nijor, Sayed Ali, Stephen Ling, Padmaja Jonnalagadda
Fat-containing masses are the most common solid, soft tissue masses encountered by radiologists and clinicians in everyday practice. The vast majority of these are benign. The imaging appearance of many fat-containing masses is frequently characteristic enough to suggest a specific diagnosis such as lipoma. However, there is a spectrum of benign and malignant fat-containing tumors with overlapping features. It is important to differentiate simple lipomas from well-differentiated liposarcomas due to differences in treatment, prognosis, and long-term follow-up. As molecular markers are increasingly being used for definitive characterization of tumors, we discuss their role and histopathologic characteristics of fat-containing soft tissue masses.
{"title":"Lipomatous Soft Tissue Masses of the Extremities: A Spectrum From Benign to Malignant","authors":"Sohn Nijor, Sayed Ali, Stephen Ling, Padmaja Jonnalagadda","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000735124.32066.1a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000735124.32066.1a","url":null,"abstract":"Fat-containing masses are the most common solid, soft tissue masses encountered by radiologists and clinicians in everyday practice. The vast majority of these are benign. The imaging appearance of many fat-containing masses is frequently characteristic enough to suggest a specific diagnosis such as lipoma. However, there is a spectrum of benign and malignant fat-containing tumors with overlapping features. It is important to differentiate simple lipomas from well-differentiated liposarcomas due to differences in treatment, prognosis, and long-term follow-up. As molecular markers are increasingly being used for definitive characterization of tumors, we discuss their role and histopathologic characteristics of fat-containing soft tissue masses.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47005867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000734664.39877.59
Felipe Aluja-Jaramillo, F. Gutiérrez, S. Rossi
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Cystic lung diseases represent a broad set of disorders with different causes, but all of them are characterized by multiple thin-walled parenchymal lesions. Multidetector CT (MDCT), especially high-resolution CT (HRCT), is the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis and follow-up of these entities. Cavities and emphysema are the most common alternative diagnoses that must be differentiated from true pulmonary cysts. In this review, we discuss the most common cystic lung diseases, their physiopathology, and the CT imaging appearance, with special emphasis on the key imaging findings that are crucial in their differential diagnosis.
{"title":"Imaging in Cystic Lung Diseases: An Update","authors":"Felipe Aluja-Jaramillo, F. Gutiérrez, S. Rossi","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000734664.39877.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000734664.39877.59","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Cystic lung diseases represent a broad set of disorders with different causes, but all of them are characterized by multiple thin-walled parenchymal lesions. Multidetector CT (MDCT), especially high-resolution CT (HRCT), is the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis and follow-up of these entities. Cavities and emphysema are the most common alternative diagnoses that must be differentiated from true pulmonary cysts. In this review, we discuss the most common cystic lung diseases, their physiopathology, and the CT imaging appearance, with special emphasis on the key imaging findings that are crucial in their differential diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46798425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-31DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000732052.02369.a3
Andrew Goschka, G. Altınok
Cholelithiasis has a high prevalence in Western populations; therefore careful evaluation of the biliary system is essential in acute patients undergoing abdominal imaging. An estimated 15% of the U.S. population has cholelithiasis, although 80% will remain asymptomatic. The disease burden results in 300,000 cholecystectomies performed annually for biliary colic, cholecystitis, and additional related complications.1 However, biliary pathology is not solely related to cholelithiasis. Additional biliary pathology may result from diverse etiologies with infectious, inflammatory, metabolic, neoplastic, traumatic, and iatrogenic causes. Therefore, appropriate management is not solely limited to cholecystectomy, but instead depends on the specific diagnosis. This article explores the various acute biliary pathologies with which radiologists should be familiar, with a particular emphasis on the clinical features, radiologic appearance, adjunct imaging modalities, and treatment.
{"title":"Biliary Tract Emergencies","authors":"Andrew Goschka, G. Altınok","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000732052.02369.a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000732052.02369.a3","url":null,"abstract":"Cholelithiasis has a high prevalence in Western populations; therefore careful evaluation of the biliary system is essential in acute patients undergoing abdominal imaging. An estimated 15% of the U.S. population has cholelithiasis, although 80% will remain asymptomatic. The disease burden results in 300,000 cholecystectomies performed annually for biliary colic, cholecystitis, and additional related complications.1 However, biliary pathology is not solely related to cholelithiasis. Additional biliary pathology may result from diverse etiologies with infectious, inflammatory, metabolic, neoplastic, traumatic, and iatrogenic causes. Therefore, appropriate management is not solely limited to cholecystectomy, but instead depends on the specific diagnosis. This article explores the various acute biliary pathologies with which radiologists should be familiar, with a particular emphasis on the clinical features, radiologic appearance, adjunct imaging modalities, and treatment.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61637681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000725624.70337.47
Tejen Shah, Zerwa Farooq, D. Cohen-Addad, D. DeAlwis
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death with immense burden on the health care system. The number of patients suffering from diabetes is expected to rise dramatically in the coming years secondary to lifestyle changes. Diabetes is a multisystemic disease that exerts its effects through decreased insulin sensitivity leading to various degrees of metabolic dysregulation. The pathogenesis of complications associated with diabetes is largely dependent on the duration of the disease and common coexisting conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Acute hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic events can lead to life-threatening illness such as acute coronary syndrome, hyperosmolar state, and diabetic ketoacidosis. The deleterious effects of long-standing diabetes are usually mediated by microvascular disease leading to diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, and neuropathy.
{"title":"A Multisystemic Pictorial Review of Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Tejen Shah, Zerwa Farooq, D. Cohen-Addad, D. DeAlwis","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000725624.70337.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000725624.70337.47","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death with immense burden on the health care system. The number of patients suffering from diabetes is expected to rise dramatically in the coming years secondary to lifestyle changes. Diabetes is a multisystemic disease that exerts its effects through decreased insulin sensitivity leading to various degrees of metabolic dysregulation. The pathogenesis of complications associated with diabetes is largely dependent on the duration of the disease and common coexisting conditions such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Acute hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic events can lead to life-threatening illness such as acute coronary syndrome, hyperosmolar state, and diabetic ketoacidosis. The deleterious effects of long-standing diabetes are usually mediated by microvascular disease leading to diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, and neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49093401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000723976.13012.f5
Jessica F. Martin, Su-Ju Lee, M. Mahoney
The most common types of primary breast malignancies (invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and ductal carcinoma in situ) each typically demonstrate unique imaging features. Given the increasing importance of diagnosing breast cancers as early as possible to ensure prompt treatment and improved patient outcomes, it is critical for radiologists to readily recognize these characteristics on multimodality imaging.
{"title":"Multimodality Imaging of Common Breast Cancers","authors":"Jessica F. Martin, Su-Ju Lee, M. Mahoney","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000723976.13012.f5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000723976.13012.f5","url":null,"abstract":"The most common types of primary breast malignancies (invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and ductal carcinoma in situ) each typically demonstrate unique imaging features. Given the increasing importance of diagnosing breast cancers as early as possible to ensure prompt treatment and improved patient outcomes, it is critical for radiologists to readily recognize these characteristics on multimodality imaging.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":"43 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.1097/01.cdr.0000698096.24913.be
Karsten G. Jennings, C. Lisanti, Christian L. Carlson
Hydrocephalus is a common condition that is primarily treated with ventricular shunting, most commonly with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. However, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt may be contraindicated, requiring an alternate shunt system. The various ventricular shunts are associated with both similar and unique adverse events. This article reviews the various types of ventricular shunt systems and their associated complications.
{"title":"Permanent Ventricular Shunts: Normal Appearance and Complications","authors":"Karsten G. Jennings, C. Lisanti, Christian L. Carlson","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000698096.24913.be","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000698096.24913.be","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrocephalus is a common condition that is primarily treated with ventricular shunting, most commonly with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. However, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt may be contraindicated, requiring an alternate shunt system. The various ventricular shunts are associated with both similar and unique adverse events. This article reviews the various types of ventricular shunt systems and their associated complications.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44624391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.1097/01.CDR.0000696352.22899.a0
Kendall Weierich, M. Minor, L. Bui-mansfield
Traumatic foot and ankle injuries are common; therefore, radiologists need to be proficient in the interpretation of ankle and foot radiographs. The recognition of common injury patterns through the use of a checklist approach has the potential to improve a radiologist's diagnostic accuracy. The objective of this pictorial essay is to present a simple but thorough checklist for accurate radiographic evaluation of the ankle and foot and review some common injury patterns of the ankle and foot.
{"title":"Systematic Approach to the Radiographic Interpretation of the Ankle and Foot Using a Checklist Approach to Avoid Common Diagnostic Errors","authors":"Kendall Weierich, M. Minor, L. Bui-mansfield","doi":"10.1097/01.CDR.0000696352.22899.a0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CDR.0000696352.22899.a0","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic foot and ankle injuries are common; therefore, radiologists need to be proficient in the interpretation of ankle and foot radiographs. The recognition of common injury patterns through the use of a checklist approach has the potential to improve a radiologist's diagnostic accuracy. The objective of this pictorial essay is to present a simple but thorough checklist for accurate radiographic evaluation of the ankle and foot and review some common injury patterns of the ankle and foot.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.CDR.0000696352.22899.a0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47624469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.1097/01.cdr.0000695668.13296.16
D. Suleimenova, M. Eghtedari, R. Rakow-Penner, V. Lim, W. Ladd, H. Ojeda-Fournier
“Young women,” defined as women younger than 40 years at breast cancer diagnosis, represent approximately 7% of all women diagnosed with breast cancer in developed countries. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in young women. It constitutes more than 12,150 newly diagnosed patients every year in the United States. Young women have specific issues including those related to fertility, cancer genetics, and psychosocial concerns, and often need a different approach than do older women.1 Although breast cancer in older women is detected most commonly by mammographic screening, breast cancer in young women is diagnosed more often by clinical symptoms. Delayed diagnosis in this age group is common due to lack of awareness in women and physicians.2 The radiologist must have an appropriate level of suspicion while evaluating young women so as not to miss breast cancer.
{"title":"Breast Cancer in Patients Younger Than 40 Years: Imaging, Assessment, and Management","authors":"D. Suleimenova, M. Eghtedari, R. Rakow-Penner, V. Lim, W. Ladd, H. Ojeda-Fournier","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000695668.13296.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000695668.13296.16","url":null,"abstract":"“Young women,” defined as women younger than 40 years at breast cancer diagnosis, represent approximately 7% of all women diagnosed with breast cancer in developed countries. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in young women. It constitutes more than 12,150 newly diagnosed patients every year in the United States. Young women have specific issues including those related to fertility, cancer genetics, and psychosocial concerns, and often need a different approach than do older women.1 Although breast cancer in older women is detected most commonly by mammographic screening, breast cancer in young women is diagnosed more often by clinical symptoms. Delayed diagnosis in this age group is common due to lack of awareness in women and physicians.2 The radiologist must have an appropriate level of suspicion while evaluating young women so as not to miss breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.cdr.0000695668.13296.16","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43398849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-15DOI: 10.1097/01.cdr.0000694608.60024.8b
E. Tsai, Melanie Stenback, B. Newman
“Bronchopulmonary dysplasia” is a term devised in 1967 to describe chronic lung disease in premature infants treated for respiratory distress syndrome. With improving management techniques, younger and lower birth-weight infants now are surviving after they are born at increasingly premature stages of lung development. Despite improving management techniques, the overall incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia has not changed significantly over time, but the clinical definition and radiographic features have evolved accordingly.1
{"title":"Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: From Neonate to Adult","authors":"E. Tsai, Melanie Stenback, B. Newman","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000694608.60024.8b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000694608.60024.8b","url":null,"abstract":"“Bronchopulmonary dysplasia” is a term devised in 1967 to describe chronic lung disease in premature infants treated for respiratory distress syndrome. With improving management techniques, younger and lower birth-weight infants now are surviving after they are born at increasingly premature stages of lung development. Despite improving management techniques, the overall incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia has not changed significantly over time, but the clinical definition and radiographic features have evolved accordingly.1","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.cdr.0000694608.60024.8b","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43769738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-03DOI: 10.1097/01.cdr.0000718952.58449.c2
David J. Oettel, Nathan D. Cecava, L. Bui-mansfield
Proximal long head biceps tendon (LHBT) pathology is a common and well-recognized cause of anterior shoulder pain.1–4 Various surgical procedures have been developed to address LHBT pathology. Postoperative imaging can be confusing if the radiologist is not aware of the various surgical techniques. An astute radiologist may be the first to identify a postoperative complication. An understanding of the LHBT anatomy, surgical indications, surgical procedures, and both normal and abnormal postoperative imaging appearance will enhance the radiologist's accuracy in imaging interpretation and interactions with referring providers.
{"title":"What the Radiologist Needs to Know About Biceps Tenodesis: Normal Postprocedure Imaging Appearance and Complications","authors":"David J. Oettel, Nathan D. Cecava, L. Bui-mansfield","doi":"10.1097/01.cdr.0000718952.58449.c2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cdr.0000718952.58449.c2","url":null,"abstract":"Proximal long head biceps tendon (LHBT) pathology is a common and well-recognized cause of anterior shoulder pain.1–4 Various surgical procedures have been developed to address LHBT pathology. Postoperative imaging can be confusing if the radiologist is not aware of the various surgical techniques. An astute radiologist may be the first to identify a postoperative complication. An understanding of the LHBT anatomy, surgical indications, surgical procedures, and both normal and abnormal postoperative imaging appearance will enhance the radiologist's accuracy in imaging interpretation and interactions with referring providers.","PeriodicalId":29694,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/01.cdr.0000718952.58449.c2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43527729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：