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From Pedagogy to Politeness: Aspects Regarding Feedback in Online Learning Context 从教育学到礼貌:在线学习情境中反馈的几个方面
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/69
A. Turculeț
The online learning environment has challenged the educational relationships over the last years. The medical safety has hidden us behind some monitors, devices or platforms that allowed us to continue our studies and our professional activities. From faces with or without associated names, we turned into names that accompany empty icons on the wall. Most often, we had to keep our cameras off. When we turned them on and shared our faces with the audience, we offered and received feedback much easier. The feedback has an important role in any human communication. More than that, in the educational field, the feedback contributes to the adjustments of the teaching – learning – evaluating process. On the positive side, the teacher gives feedback in order to reinforce the appropriate learning behaviour of the student and the student offers feedback to ensure the proper adjustment of the teaching behaviour. The pattern of giving and receiving feedback is simple and visible in all face-to-face communication that develops an educational activity. What happens in the online mediated education? What happens when faces see no faces? Our study investigates the feedback from the perspective of the online mediated educational relationships. Thus, we analyzed the responses of the students to some seminar tasks regarding the use of educational platforms and the role of feedback in the learning process. The target population consisted in 135 students enrolled in the certification program for teaching career. Our findings show that feedback as reinforcement communicative behaviour upgrades the politeness strategy and feedback as a pedagogical principle helps to replace the missing face-to-face interaction in online mediated learning.
在过去的几年里,在线学习环境对教育关系提出了挑战。医疗安全将我们隐藏在一些监视器、设备或平台后面,使我们能够继续学习和专业活动。从有或没有相关名字的面孔,我们变成了与墙上空白图标相伴的名字。大多数情况下,我们不得不把相机关掉。当我们打开它们并与观众分享我们的脸时,我们提供和接收反馈要容易得多。反馈在任何人际交流中都扮演着重要的角色。不仅如此,在教育领域,反馈还有助于调整教-学-评过程。在积极方面,教师给予反馈是为了加强学生的适当学习行为,学生提供反馈是为了确保教学行为的适当调整。在发展教育活动的所有面对面交流中,给予和接受反馈的模式是简单而明显的。在线中介教育发生了什么?当脸看不到脸时会发生什么?本研究从网络中介教育关系的角度考察反馈。因此,我们分析了学生对一些关于使用教育平台和反馈在学习过程中的作用的研讨会任务的反应。目标人群包括135名参加教师职业认证项目的学生。我们的研究结果表明,反馈作为强化交际行为升级了礼貌策略,反馈作为一种教学原则有助于取代在线中介学习中缺失的面对面互动。
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引用次数: 0
Initiatives and Responses to Migrant Workers during the Lockdown 封城期间农民工的举措与应对
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/16
Candy Cunha, F. Xavier
This narrative describes an initiative of the National Service Scheme team at Andhra Loyola Institute of Engineering and Technology. It highlights initiatives to address the situation of migrant workers during the pandemic lockdown in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh in India. In the Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh, migrant laborers were forced to walk home, sometimes hundreds, even thousands of kilometers, to reunite with their families. It was hard to ignore these images, especially those who carried the elderly on their shoulders, and small children slumped over rolling suitcases. Most used any means of transport they found, even bicycles. Some succumbed to accidents and exposure to heat. In the midst of the lockdown, the NSS team quickly came together and planned an outreach/relief camp for migrants in Krishna District. It was chosen since many villagers were migrants and the lockdown had affected in multiple ways. The relief camp took place in the month of April, a time when temperatures soar in southern India. The students and the faculty members joined hands to reach out to the Migrants in the most despairing moments. The students commented that they saw their education from a different perspective, one that integrated curriculum and good citizenship for marginalized persons. One of the ways of infusing relevance into education is to embed it within meaningful service learning. This paper is an attempt to exhibit the Initiative and Responses to the Migrant workers during the Lockdown.
这个故事描述了安得拉邦洛约拉工程技术学院国家服务计划团队的一项倡议。它重点介绍了在印度南部安得拉邦大流行封锁期间为解决移徙工人状况而采取的举措。在安得拉邦的克里希纳区,农民工被迫步行回家,有时要走几百公里,甚至几千公里,才能与家人团聚。很难忽视这些画面,尤其是那些把老人扛在肩膀上的人,还有那些趴在滚动的行李箱上的小孩。大多数人使用他们找到的任何交通工具,甚至是自行车。有些死于事故和高温。在封锁期间,NSS团队迅速聚集在一起,计划在克里希纳区为移民建立一个外联/救济营地。之所以选择这个节日,是因为许多村民都是移民,而且封锁在多方面产生了影响。这个救援营地是在4月份建立的,当时印度南部气温飙升。在最绝望的时刻,学生和教职员工携起手来,向移民伸出援手。学生们评论说,他们从一个不同的角度看待他们的教育,一个将课程和为边缘人提供良好公民身份相结合的教育。将相关性注入教育的方法之一是将其嵌入有意义的服务学习中。本文试图展示封锁期间农民工的主动性和应对措施。
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引用次数: 0
The Dissonance Tourist Demand Prices. The Evolution of Romanian Tourist Packages to Turkey and Egypt Destination, During the COVID-19 Pandemic 游客需求价格的失调。2019冠状病毒病大流行期间罗马尼亚前往土耳其和埃及旅游套餐的演变
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/57
Corina Mădălina Pintilei, P. Stanciu
The travel industry and tourism can rightly be considered the most affected branches of the global economy in the COVID-19 era, the tourism market registering the sharpest post-war decline with significant disruptions to the supply-demand ratio. An analysis of the tourist offers promoted by two of the most prolific tour operators in Romania states a strategic endurance approach based on psychological prices easily predictable, but focused on regaining a large segment of Romanian tourists who before 2020 practiced outgoing tourism . Turkey and Egypt are considered the destinations of the pandemic moment, the most appreciated in a state of continuous uncertainty, insecurity and reluctance to travel. During the years 2019-2020, the price offers of the Romanian tour operators did not register major changes, even if the outgoing tourist packages experienced, in full pandemic, conjunctural oscillations with reasonable decreases of prices followed, in some places, by price increases meant to suggest an intensification of tourist consumption with the lifting of the lockdown in various countries and the announcement of the first measures of social relaxation. The measures regarding the vaccination and the immunization of the population determined the Romanian tourists to react positively to the inner, urgent desire to travel regardless of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the temporary restrictions determined by it.
旅游业和旅游业理所当然地被认为是新冠肺炎时代受影响最大的全球经济部门,旅游市场出现了战后最严重的衰退,供需比例严重中断。罗马尼亚两家最多产的旅游运营商对旅游报价进行了分析,提出了一种基于心理价格的战略耐力方法,这种方法很容易预测,但重点是重新吸引大部分在2020年之前从事出境旅游的罗马尼亚游客。土耳其和埃及被认为是大流行时刻的目的地,在持续不确定、不安全和不愿旅行的状态下,这两个国家最受欢迎。在2019-2020年期间,罗马尼亚旅游经营者提供的价格没有发生重大变化,即使出境旅游套餐在全面流行期间经历了价格合理下降的行情波动,随后在一些地方出现了价格上涨,这意味着随着各国解除封锁和宣布首批社会放松措施,旅游消费加剧。关于疫苗接种和人口免疫接种的措施决定了罗马尼亚游客对内心迫切的旅行愿望作出积极反应,而不管COVID-19大流行的影响及其所决定的临时限制。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Donations in Financing Extreme Risk Events 捐赠在资助极端风险事件中的作用
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/23
Ionela Daniela Găitan-Botezatu
Globally, post-event funding needs are growing, while the material and human damage caused by extreme events is constantly growing. The 2015 United Nations (UN) Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction estimated that worldwide, these extreme events cause losses of approximately $ 250-300 billion annually. Although there are now various post-event financing options (insurance, grants, loans, donations, etc.) for the population, companies or public institutions, these instruments are often not sufficient for post-event recovery and reconstruction, so many challenges remain for post-event recovery. Thus, there is often a gap between the financing needs of companies or the population and the existing financing instruments, most often the amounts needed for financing being higher than the amounts that are available through the various existing financing mechanisms. In this article we addressed the topic of post-event funding sources such as donations and highlighted that these, although they are one of the cheapest sources of funding, the support of post-event donors is often uncertain. Also, in the elaboration of this paper I used qualitative and quantitative research based on the use of methods such as Spearman correlation indicator, data processing and analysis, documenting reports, studying reference works and other studies.
在全球范围内,事件后的资金需求不断增长,而极端事件造成的物质和人员损失也在不断增加。《2015年联合国全球减少灾害风险评估报告》估计,在全球范围内,这些极端事件每年造成的损失约为2500亿至3000亿美元。虽然现在有各种各样的灾后融资选择(保险、赠款、贷款、捐赠等)供民众、公司或公共机构使用,但这些工具往往不足以用于灾后恢复和重建,因此灾后恢复仍面临许多挑战。因此,公司或人民的融资需求与现有融资工具之间往往存在差距,融资所需的数额往往高于通过各种现有融资机制所能提供的数额。在本文中,我们讨论了捐赠等事件后资金来源的主题,并强调了这些,尽管它们是最便宜的资金来源之一,但事件后捐助者的支持通常是不确定的。在本文的阐述中,我采用了定性和定量研究相结合的方法,运用了Spearman相关指标、数据处理分析、文献报告、参考文献等研究方法。
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引用次数: 0
Internal Direction versus Outer Direction in Romanian and German Advertising 罗马尼亚和德国广告的内部导向与外部导向
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/34
Patrick Lavrits
People try to control and dominate their environment or are dominated by it. This is related to how they try to handle their existence. Personal, individual life is very important in cultures where self-control is common. People are convinced that they can control nature by imposing their will. In cultures characterized by outer control, nature is considered much stronger than the individual. People see themselves as part of nature and want to live in harmony with nature. People believe that they cannot determine their own destiny, as it is influenced by external circumstances.
人们试图控制和支配环境,或者被环境支配。这与他们如何处理自己的存在有关。在自我控制很普遍的文化中,个人生活非常重要。人们相信他们可以通过强加自己的意志来控制自然。在以外部控制为特征的文化中,自然被认为比个人强大得多。人们将自己视为自然的一部分,希望与自然和谐相处。人们认为他们不能决定自己的命运,因为命运受外部环境的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Classroom Demands and Teacher Self-Efficacy in On-Site and Online Teaching 现场与网络教学中的课堂需求与教师自我效能感
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/20
D. Duca, M. Schipor
We investigate in this work the relationship between the perceived demands of the teaching profession and the general sense of teachers’ self-efficacy in on-site and online teaching contexts. We present the results of a study with N= 127 Romanian teachers, with ages ranged from 19 to 55, with a mean age of 39,26 years, SD = 9,20 (123 females, 4 males; 73 from urban area, 54 from rural area). Our results show that the self-efficacy of teachers is lower in online professional activities, compared to the self-efficacy of teachers perceived in the on-site professional activities. In the case of the online teaching environment the teachers with high scores on teachers’ self-efficacy tends to consider as being more challenging when dealing with different levels of children's development, working with children with learning disabilities, who have a small number of attendances, who do not follow the received instructions and with children who need more time and energy compared to other children. We discuss implications of our results for policies and strategies to enhance the quality of teaching practices.
在本研究中,我们调查了教师职业需求感知与教师自我效能感在现场教学和在线教学情境中的关系。我们报告了一项研究的结果,N= 127罗马尼亚教师,年龄从19岁到55岁,平均年龄为39,26岁,SD = 9,20(123名女性,4名男性;73人来自城市,54人来自农村)。我们的研究结果表明,教师在网络专业活动中的自我效能感低于教师在现场专业活动中感受到的自我效能感。在网络教学环境中,教师自我效能感得分高的教师在处理不同层次的儿童发展、与有学习障碍的儿童、出勤率低的儿童、不遵守所收到的指示的儿童以及与其他儿童相比需要更多时间和精力的儿童打交道时,往往被认为更具挑战性。我们讨论了我们的结果对提高教学实践质量的政策和策略的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Traumatic Life Experiences and Ontological Well-Being: Insights from Narrative Psychology and Self-Memory Theory 创伤性生活体验与本体幸福感:叙事心理学与自我记忆理论的启示
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/11
Seçil Bülbül, Serin Işiaçik
Ontological well-being adopts a holistic perspective on well-being similar to the narrative psychology when analyzing life histories by referring to past, present, and future aspects of one's life. Relatedly, the self-memory view proposes that life events are self-evaluated. Based on the narrative psychology and self-memory approach, affective life events and emotions are processed in the memory and play a role in structuring self-perceptions and psychological well-being. Therefore, turbulent external conditions such as the pandemic, uncertain environments and socio-economic challenges may lead to traumatic experiences for individuals. Being exposed to traumatic events and experiencing post-traumatic stress harms mental health, well-being, and work performance. This study aims to examine the relationship between traumatic life experiences and ontological well-being within the period of COVID 19 pandemic. It is intended to reveal the impact of traumatic experiences on ontological well-being of individuals in work life. A cross-sectional study was utilized throughout an online survey with the participation of 270 employees working in various private organizations. Following the statistical analyses, the findings were evaluated and both conceptual and practical discussions were provided.
本体论幸福感在分析生活史时采用了一种与叙事心理学相似的整体视角,通过参考一个人生命的过去、现在和未来的方面来分析幸福感。与此相关,自我记忆观点认为生活事件是自我评价的。基于叙事心理学和自我记忆方法,情感生活事件和情绪在记忆中加工,并在构建自我感知和心理健康中发挥作用。因此,大流行病等动荡的外部条件、不确定的环境和社会经济挑战可能给个人带来创伤性经历。暴露于创伤性事件和经历创伤后压力会损害心理健康、幸福感和工作表现。本研究旨在探讨新冠肺炎大流行期间创伤性生活经历与本体幸福感之间的关系。其目的是揭示创伤经历对个体在工作生活中的本体论幸福感的影响。一项横断面研究在整个在线调查中被利用,有270名在不同私人组织工作的员工参与。在统计分析之后,对调查结果进行了评价,并进行了概念和实际讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Perspectives on Socio-Educational Inclusion of Children with Special Educational Needs 特殊教育需要儿童的社会教育共融展望
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/54
Romana Oneț
The socio-educational inclusion of children with special educational needs is an insufficiently explored topic in Romania, despite the fact that we are part of many international organizations that support human rights and an increasing number of nationally ratified conventions. This paper aims to capture the perception and attitude of teachers on the rights and possibilities of these children to integrate into mainstream education, identifying obstacles and possible solutions. The study was conducted through an opinion poll and a focus group with the participation of teachers from mainstream education units.The main conclusions show that regular education will not be able to integrate children with special educational needs, in the absence of differentiated teaching/ learning, programs and assessments tailored to the specifics of each child, a thorough training of teachers and support of specialized staff, parents and community.
在罗马尼亚,将有特殊教育需要的儿童纳入社会教育是一个未充分探讨的问题,尽管我们是支持人权的许多国际组织和越来越多国家批准的公约的成员。本文旨在捕捉教师对这些儿童融入主流教育的权利和可能性的看法和态度,找出障碍和可能的解决方案。这项研究是通过民意调查和焦点小组进行的,来自主流教育单位的教师参与了这项研究。主要结论表明,如果缺乏差异化的教/学、针对每个孩子的具体情况量身定制的计划和评估、对教师的全面培训以及专业人员、家长和社区的支持,常规教育将无法整合有特殊教育需求的儿童。
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引用次数: 0
Challenges and Achievements of European Education Ministers on Information Exchange and Collaboration within the European Economic Community between 60s and 80s 60年代至80年代欧洲教育部长在欧洲经济共同体内部信息交流与合作方面的挑战与成就
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/25
C. I. Gila
This article examines the concerns of all national education systems in Europe regarding exchanges of information, ideas and collaborations since the beginning of the configuration of the European Community in the 1960s. The idea of working together member states for a better future for the younger generation was found both in the documents of the Conferences of Heads of State on Education and in the consultations of education experts. This was pointed out by education ministers, such as Edgar Faure or Olivier Guichard, in France, who made strong arguments, demonstrating responsibility for action for future generations. Although the beginning was difficult, in the 1960s the documents referred to the education of the children of migrant workers, the importance of learning modern languages, the recognition of diplomas. In the 1980s, meetings at the level of education ministers highlighted a deepening and strengthening of cooperation to adapt language teaching models, expand the study of European history and European institutions in secondary education increasing access to education for children with special needs, setting up school spaces for language learning, but especially the creation of a European Centre for Education.
本文考察了自20世纪60年代欧共体成立以来,欧洲所有国家教育系统对信息交流、思想交流和合作的关注。成员国共同努力,为年轻一代创造更美好未来的想法,在教育问题国家元首会议的文件和教育专家的磋商中都有体现。法国的教育部长埃德加·福尔(Edgar Faure)或奥利维尔·吉查德(Olivier Guichard)就指出了这一点,他们提出了强有力的论点,表明了为子孙后代采取行动的责任。虽然一开始很困难,但在20世纪60年代,这些文件提到了农民工子女的教育,学习现代语言的重要性,承认文凭。在20世纪80年代,教育部长级别的会议强调了深化和加强合作,以适应语言教学模式,扩大对欧洲历史和欧洲中等教育机构的研究,增加有特殊需要的儿童接受教育的机会,为语言学习建立学校空间,特别是建立欧洲教育中心。
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引用次数: 0
Signs and Emotions as the Experience of the Urban Explorer 符号与情感作为城市探索者的体验
Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.18662/wlc2021/48
Mihaela Moţăianu, Cornelia Moțăianu
Although we have the impression that we understand the urban texture in which we live, the city still holds surprises in the way it communicates everyday aspects, situations, and cultural history.The experience of the urban explorer, that flâneur/stroller mentioned by Guy Debord (1955) and the Situationist school, was until recently only a literary experience. The emotion of discovering the unusual in the urban daily life was communicated only in the form of textual narratives (Sinclair, 1997). Recently the psychogeographical approach to the city has become again a topic of interest. Although contemporary design transposed the behavioral codes of urban life into signs, it did not propose emoticons for the phenomenological experience of one who experiences the city. The original purpose of this paper is to translate the phenomenological experience of the urban explorer into infographics (which translates complex concepts into signs with condensed meaning) and to quantify and communicate emotionally and visually, the experience of the "invisible" [out of sight] cultural details to the hurried passerby. This paper will discuss the phenomenological (psychogeographical) experience of the city transferred into visual signs will be presented. The authors insist on the communicative value of infographics in making visible the hidden beauty of the city, the historical and esthetical details that are not seen by the passersby on the street, proposing a new urban visual language accompanied by visual design theory and cultural history explanations.
虽然我们有这样的印象,我们了解我们所生活的城市肌理,但城市在传达日常方面、情况和文化历史的方式上仍然令人惊讶。城市探索者的经历,即Guy Debord(1955)和情境主义学派所提到的fl /婴儿车,直到最近还只是一种文学体验。在城市日常生活中发现不寻常的情感仅以文本叙事的形式传达(Sinclair, 1997)。最近,研究城市的心理地理学方法再次成为人们感兴趣的话题。虽然当代设计将城市生活的行为规范转化为符号,但它并没有为体验城市的人提供现象学体验的表情符号。本文最初的目的是将城市探索者的现象学经验转化为信息图表(将复杂的概念转化为具有浓缩意义的符号),并将“看不见的”文化细节的经验量化并在情感和视觉上传达给匆忙的路人。本文将探讨将现象学(心理地理学)的城市经验转化为视觉符号将呈现。作者坚持信息图的传播价值,将城市的隐性美、街道上行人看不到的历史和美学细节展现出来,提出了一种伴随着视觉设计理论和文化历史解释的新的城市视觉语言。
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引用次数: 0
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World Lumen Congress 2021
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