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Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the uptake of routine immunization vaccines in Swat District in Pakistan 2019冠状病毒病大流行对巴基斯坦斯瓦特地区常规免疫疫苗接种的影响
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2022.11
K. Ullah, J. Saleem, Muhammad Ishaq, Farhad Ali Khattak, Fatima Majeed
The COVID-19 pandemic affected life-saving childhood immunization globally and affected Vaccine-Preventable Diseases eradication and elimination efforts. During the initial phase of the pandemic, some countries temporarily stopped vaccination campaigns against measles, meningitis, polio, tetanus, typhoid, and yellow fever. This study was conducted to quantify the effect of COVID-19 on EPI vaccination. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the district Swat of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa from June to August 2022. The data was extracted from the EPI Management Information System for the four months of the pre-pandemic period and four months of the lockdown period. The pre-pandemic four-month data was taken as a baseline and was compared with the four-months lockdown period. A 7-19% decrease was found during the lockdown period in various antigen coverage. Coverage of Penta-3 was most affected having a 19% decrease while measles coverage was less affected showing a 7% decrease during the lockdown period. BCG coverage was affected by 14%, PCV by 11 to 18%, Rota by 12 to 16%, and IPV by 18%. The vaccination coverage improved in the later months of the lockdown, but the number of defaulters and zero-dose children increased. To fill this gap, a robust strategy for vaccination is recommended.
COVID-19大流行影响了全球挽救生命的儿童免疫接种,也影响了疫苗可预防疾病的根除和消除工作。在大流行的初始阶段,一些国家暂时停止了针对麻疹、脑膜炎、脊髓灰质炎、破伤风、伤寒和黄热病的疫苗接种运动。本研究旨在量化COVID-19对扩大免疫接种的影响。2022年6月至8月在开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦的斯瓦特地区进行了一项横断面研究。从扩大免疫方案管理信息系统中提取了大流行前4个月和封锁期4个月的数据。以大流行前4个月的数据为基准,并与4个月的封锁期进行比较。在封锁期间,各种抗原覆盖率下降了7-19%。Penta-3的覆盖率受影响最大,下降了19%,而麻疹覆盖率受影响较小,在封锁期间下降了7%。卡介苗覆盖率下降14%,PCV下降11%至18%,Rota下降12%至16%,IPV下降18%。在封锁后的几个月里,疫苗接种覆盖率有所提高,但违约儿童和零剂量儿童的数量有所增加。为了填补这一空白,建议制定一项强有力的疫苗接种战略。
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引用次数: 3
Climate change vulnerability, adaptation assessment, and policy development for occupational health 气候变化脆弱性、适应评估和职业健康政策制定
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2022.8
Muhammad Salman Butt, J. Saleem, Muhammad Ishaq, G. Bukhari, Joham Faryal
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引用次数: 3
Business ethics in the era of Covid 19: How to protect jobs and employment rights through innovation 新冠肺炎时代的商业道德:如何通过创新保护就业和就业权利
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2022-09-12 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2022.7
Chokri Kooli, Melanie lock Son, Imene Beloufa
The pandemic situation generated by the novel coronavirus virus (COVID-19) created several moral and economic dilemmas. While trying to save many local and world economies, entrepreneurs, leaders, and policymakers faced the challenges of managing the resultant economic and financial disruptions and risks coupled with the moral obligation to observe business ethics. This research is based on a documental collection, revision, and analysis of relevant and emerging literature to catch the best practices and experiences adopted by various governments and businesses, especially in western countries, to protect the jobs and employment rights of workers. Among other things, this study urges social policymakers to adopt innovative mechanisms and programs to not only protect the rights of employees but also help maintain jobs during pandemic situations and economic crises The research suggests that adhering to business ethics will enhance the use of technology and boost the sense of innovation and creativity of both employees and their organizations. The importance of the collaboration between public Administrators, policymakers, entrepreneurs, and employees to maintain the fundamentals of business ethics and protect employees' rights is adjudged to be critical to a speedy recovery from the losses and disruptions caused by the pandemic.
新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)引发的大流行局势造成了若干道德和经济困境。在试图拯救许多地方和世界经济的同时,企业家、领导人和政策制定者面临着管理由此产生的经济和金融中断和风险的挑战,以及遵守商业道德的道德义务。本研究基于对相关文献和新兴文献的文献收集、修订和分析,以捕捉各国政府和企业(特别是西方国家)为保护工人的就业和就业权利而采用的最佳做法和经验。除其他外,本研究敦促社会决策者采用创新机制和方案,不仅保护员工的权利,而且在疫情和经济危机期间帮助维持就业。研究表明,遵守商业道德将提高技术的使用,增强员工及其组织的创新和创造意识。人们认为,公共行政人员、决策者、企业家和雇员之间的合作至关重要,以维护商业道德的基本原则并保护雇员的权利,这对于从大流行造成的损失和中断中迅速恢复至关重要。
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引用次数: 11
Evaluation of Occupational Exposure to Heat Stress and Working Practices in the Small and Mid-Sized Manufacturing Industries of Lahore, Pakistan 巴基斯坦拉合尔中小型制造业职业热应激暴露和工作实践评估
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2022.5
Muhammad Salman Butt, K. Kuklane, J. Saleem, Rubeena Zakar, G. Bukhari, M. Ishaq
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引用次数: 5
Informed consent in a patient with aortic dissection and mild intellectual impairment 主动脉夹层合并轻度智力障碍患者的知情同意书
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2022-02-22 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2022.4
W. Abdelghaffar, E. Lagha, F. Azaiez, N. Haloui, R. Rafrafi
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引用次数: 0
Perspectives of social policies and programs in the post-Covid-19 era 后新冠肺炎时代的社会政策和项目展望
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2022-02-22 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2022.1
Chokri Kooli
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引用次数: 9
The Effect of Telemedicine on Patients’ Compliance in Family Medicine Follow-ups in Qatar 卡塔尔远程医疗对患者家庭医学随访依从性的影响
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2022.3
Yaman M AlAhmad, Duaa Mahmoud Haggeer, Abrar Yaser Alsayed, Mahmoud Y. Haik, L. AbuAfifeh, Mohammed Hussain Aljaber, Ahmed Aboubakr Mohamed, Mohammad Balideh, N. Almutawa, Mohamed Hashim Mahmoud
Introduction: Telemedicine is the delivery of health care services to patients distantly. During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, telemedicine has become an essential implement in delivering healthcare services worldwide. Accordingly, in March 2020, the Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) in Qatar has started telephone consultation follow-up appointments in Family Medicine (FM) clinics instead of conventional consultation. Given the limited data about telephone consultations in Qatar, our aim of this study is to investigate the possible impact of telemedicine on chronic disease patients’ follow-up compliance. Methods: This study compares the compliance of adult patients with chronic diseases following-up within FM clinics in Qatar's PHCC through telephone consultations with a minimum of three telephone consultations ordered between April to November 2020, in comparison to the compliance of the same group of patients to their prior face-to-face follow-up consultations in FM clinics with a minimum of three face-to-face ordered follow up appointments between April to November 2019. A cross-sectional study will be carried out to investigate the effect of telephone consultation in PHCC on patients’ compliance with reference to conventional face-to-face consultation. Patients’ data will be received from Health Information Management in twenty-seven PHCCs in Qatar. Conclusion: Due to the limited studies on the effectiveness of telemedicine on patient compliance in FM follow-ups within Qatar's PHCC, comparing patients’ follow-up compliance with telephone consultations to their prior face-to-face consultations would be helpful in assessing patients’ quality of care delivering within FM clinics. With telecommunication being easily accessible and time-efficient, it is believed, when used correctly, it might improve compliance and adherence to the management prescribed by the physician and follow-up appointments in Qatar's PHCC. In addition, this study will help in providing recommendations that could guide the organization on forming policies to be applied in PHCCs after the resolution of the COVID-19 pandemic.
引言:远程医疗是向远程患者提供医疗保健服务。在2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)大流行期间,远程医疗已成为全球提供医疗服务的重要工具。因此,2020年3月,卡塔尔初级卫生保健中心开始在家庭医学诊所进行电话咨询随访预约,而不是传统咨询。鉴于卡塔尔电话咨询的数据有限,我们本研究的目的是调查远程医疗对慢性病患者随访依从性的可能影响。方法:本研究比较了成年慢性病患者在卡塔尔PHCC FM诊所通过电话咨询与2020年4月至11月期间至少三次电话咨询随访的依从性,相比之下,同一组患者在2019年4月至11月期间,在FM诊所接受了至少三次面对面预约随访。将进行一项横断面研究,以调查PHCC电话咨询对患者遵守传统面对面咨询的影响。患者的数据将从卡塔尔27家初级保健中心的健康信息管理处获得。结论:由于卡塔尔PHCC内远程医疗对FM随访患者依从性的有效性研究有限,将患者电话咨询的随访依从性与之前的面对面咨询进行比较将有助于评估患者在FM诊所内提供的护理质量。由于电信易于访问且时效性强,人们相信,如果使用得当,它可能会提高卡塔尔初级保健中心对医生规定的管理和随访预约的依从性和依从性。此外,这项研究将有助于提供建议,指导该组织在新冠肺炎大流行解决后制定适用于PHCC的政策。
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引用次数: 5
The challenge of education and training in the COVID-19 National Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran in Jakarta 雅加达新冠肺炎国家急救医院Wisma Atlet Kemayoran的教育和培训挑战
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2021.10
M. Helmi, D. Sari, Y. Sulistyowati, A. Meliala, L. Trisnantoro, T. Nurrobi, T. Ratmono
Background The Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a risk of inequality between the number of prepared service staff and patients. Emergency hospitals, that do not have full-time employees due to the voluntary employment system, need to supervise the competence and knowledge of their staff, as they came with diverse backgrounds of knowledge and skill. The National Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran, which can provide services for nearly 6000 COVID-19 patients, is required to be able to provide education and training continuously to improve the knowledge of its volunteers aiming to improve the quality of the care services. Methodology The present study is descriptive observational research to explore the challenge of education and training in the COVID-19 National Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran in Jakarta. Results The COVID-19 health workers need to be equipped with sufficient knowledge about personal protective equipment (PPE), COVID-19 management, triage, admission, emergency and critical care for the COVID-19 patients. Supervision is needed to ensure that volunteers with various knowledge and skill backgrounds can collaboratively provide good services for the COVID-19 patients at all fronts. With frequent personnel changes, education and training on the same topic are always given repeatedly. To overcome this inefficiency, the Education and Training Department can film every practical skill related to health care service, and then create tutorial videos followed by small groups onsite skill station, when necessary. The hospital received enormous support from the governmental and non- governmental organizations to conduct education and training sessions on regular basis. Conclusions Education and training are very critical in the Emergency COVID-19 Hospital. The process has become a major challenge due to regular changes of staff. Information and communication technologies remain a more recommended alternative to the traditional onsite face-to-face method of education and training delivery as to prevent the spread of this virus. The training and education program in the National COVID-19 Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet have received major supports from several Government agencies, and national private/non-government organizations. However, supports from International NGOs, international aid agencies, or humanitarian organizations, apart from the local professional organizations, which generally extend generous support need also to be explored.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行带来了准备好的服务人员和患者数量不平等的风险。由于自愿雇佣制度,没有全职员工的急救医院,由于员工的知识和技能背景不同,需要对他们的能力和知识进行监督。可以为近6000名COVID-19患者提供服务的Wisma Atlet Kemayoran国家急救医院需要能够不断提供教育和培训,以提高其志愿者的知识,以提高护理服务质量。本研究为描述性观察性研究,旨在探讨雅加达新冠肺炎国家急救医院Wisma Atlet Kemayoran在教育和培训方面面临的挑战。结果COVID-19卫生工作者需要具备足够的个人防护装备、COVID-19管理、分诊、入院、COVID-19患者急诊和重症监护知识。要加强监督,确保不同知识技能背景的志愿者齐心协力,为新冠肺炎患者提供全方位服务。由于人员变动频繁,同一主题的教育和培训总是反复进行。为了克服这种低效率,教育培训部可以拍摄与卫生保健服务相关的每一项实用技能,然后在必要时制作教程视频,然后进行小组现场技能站。医院得到政府和非政府组织的大力支持,定期举办教育和培训课程。结论在COVID-19急诊医院,教育和培训至关重要。由于工作人员经常变动,这一过程已成为一项重大挑战。为了防止这种病毒的传播,信息和通信技术仍然是一种更值得推荐的替代方法,可以替代传统的现场面对面教育和培训方法。国家COVID-19急救医院Wisma Atlet的培训和教育计划得到了几个政府机构和国家私营/非政府组织的大力支持。但是,还需要探讨国际非政府组织、国际援助机构或人道主义组织除了一般慷慨提供支助的当地专业组织以外的支助。
{"title":"The challenge of education and training in the COVID-19 National Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran in Jakarta","authors":"M. Helmi, D. Sari, Y. Sulistyowati, A. Meliala, L. Trisnantoro, T. Nurrobi, T. Ratmono","doi":"10.5339/avi.2021.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/avi.2021.10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background The Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a risk of inequality between the number of prepared service staff and patients. Emergency hospitals, that do not have full-time employees due to the voluntary employment system, need to supervise the competence and knowledge of their staff, as they came with diverse backgrounds of knowledge and skill. The National Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran, which can provide services for nearly 6000 COVID-19 patients, is required to be able to provide education and training continuously to improve the knowledge of its volunteers aiming to improve the quality of the care services.\u0000 \u0000 Methodology The present study is descriptive observational research to explore the challenge of education and training in the COVID-19 National Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran in Jakarta.\u0000 \u0000 Results The COVID-19 health workers need to be equipped with sufficient knowledge about personal protective equipment (PPE), COVID-19 management, triage, admission, emergency and critical care for the COVID-19 patients. Supervision is needed to ensure that volunteers with various knowledge and skill backgrounds can collaboratively provide good services for the COVID-19 patients at all fronts. With frequent personnel changes, education and training on the same topic are always given repeatedly. To overcome this inefficiency, the Education and Training Department can film every practical skill related to health care service, and then create tutorial videos followed by small groups onsite skill station, when necessary. The hospital received enormous support from the governmental and non- governmental organizations to conduct education and training sessions on regular basis.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusions Education and training are very critical in the Emergency COVID-19 Hospital. The process has become a major challenge due to regular changes of staff. Information and communication technologies remain a more recommended alternative to the traditional onsite face-to-face method of education and training delivery as to prevent the spread of this virus. The training and education program in the National COVID-19 Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet have received major supports from several Government agencies, and national private/non-government organizations. However, supports from International NGOs, international aid agencies, or humanitarian organizations, apart from the local professional organizations, which generally extend generous support need also to be explored.","PeriodicalId":29746,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48414402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Embracing Healthcare Delivery Challenges during a Pandemic. Review from a nodal designated COVID-19 center in Qatar 在大流行期间迎接医疗保健服务挑战。来自卡塔尔指定的COVID-19中心的节点
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2021-10-10 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2021.8
Manish Barman, Tanweer Hussain, Hatem Abuswiril, M. Illahi, Muhammad Sharif, Harman Talat Saman, Magdi Hassan, Mohamedali Gaafar, Junaid Abu, Muayad Kasem Khaled Ahmad, Mohamed Abou Kamar
Hospitals and healthcare systems are instrumental in the formulation and delivery of a coordinated response to disaster management especially epidemics. In healthcare policy and strategy formation, there are only trade-offs, which with uncertainty are akin to gambles. National organizations play a key role in pandemics through the expression of physician motivation. Effective strategies can facilitate physician action through economies of scale that lower the costs for physicians to meet both community and patients' needs. Moreover, no matter how well clinicians are motivated and positioned to act, their collective actions are likely to fall short without complementary systems for population-based care that require the operational support of an organization. This review of institutional policy implementation and frameworks intends to highlight how a nodal-designated COVID-19 center in Qatar managed to control the menace by altering its procedural sets and work arrangements to augment an integrated, intrinsic response to a briskly emerging, conceivably complex situation. This outcome was achieved under the guidance of a national leadership team, effectively adapted to its specific challenges by building on current medical evidence, management routines, proficiencies, and health system capacity. This ambitious drive started with the cohesion of services and implementation of evidence-based protocols by assigning a physician-led team to research, strategize and organize improved patient flow and information by arranging analytical compliance and preparedness. Through these service approaches and ongoing efforts, HMGH has realized significant outcome improvements, such as increasing capacity building, reducing healthcare waste, and increasing patient satisfaction rates whilst successfully achieving significantly lower COVID-19 mortality both in terms of absolute numbers and as percent population compared to many developed countries in the world. The strategies outlined in this article might not be all-inclusive or fit other healthcare system models, but they generate a veritable interest to pursue and be subjected to further rigorous study.
医院和卫生保健系统在制定和实施协调一致的灾害管理应对措施,特别是流行病方面发挥着重要作用。在医疗政策和战略制定方面,只有权衡取舍,而这种权衡与不确定性类似于赌博。国家组织通过表达医生的动机在大流行病中发挥关键作用。有效的策略可以通过规模经济来促进医生的行动,从而降低医生满足社区和患者需求的成本。此外,无论临床医生有多么积极主动地采取行动,如果没有需要组织的业务支持的以人口为基础的护理的补充系统,他们的集体行动可能会失败。本次对机构政策实施和框架的审查旨在突出卡塔尔的一个节点指定的COVID-19中心如何通过改变其程序设置和工作安排来控制威胁,以增强对迅速出现的、可以想象的复杂局势的综合、内在反应。这一成果是在国家领导小组的指导下取得的,该小组通过建立现有的医学证据、管理惯例、熟练程度和卫生系统能力,有效地适应了其具体挑战。这一雄心勃勃的举措始于服务的凝聚力和基于证据的协议的实施,通过安排分析性合规和准备,指派一个医生领导的团队来研究、制定战略和组织改进的患者流程和信息。通过这些服务方法和持续的努力,HMGH实现了显著的成果改善,例如加强能力建设,减少医疗浪费,提高患者满意度,同时与世界上许多发达国家相比,成功地在绝对数字和人口百分比方面显著降低了COVID-19死亡率。本文中概述的策略可能不是包罗万象或适合其他医疗保健系统模型,但它们产生了真正的兴趣,值得追求并受到进一步严格的研究。
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引用次数: 9
Physical and mental health aspects in COVID-19: Two sides of a coin COVID-19的身心健康方面:硬币的两面
IF 5 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2021-10-10 DOI: 10.5339/avi.2021.6
O. Sidhom
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引用次数: 7
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