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Pervasive Ambient Intelligence Platforms in the IOT Era based on a Ubiquitous User Model Ontology - An Implementation Account 基于泛在用户模型本体的物联网时代普适环境智能平台——一个实现账户
A. Costanzo, A. Faro, D. Giordano
This paper presents how ambient data integration is obtained in Wi-City, i.e. a project promoted by the Regional Government of Sicily that aims at supporting mobile people activities by means of intelligent applications able to generate personalized recommendations that take into account both personal and context parameters. The paper shows how this is made possible by the decreasing cost of the monitoring systems in the IOT era and by the availability of ontology engineering methods to data integration. In particular, aim of the paper is to illustrate a pervasive platform consisting of environmental sensors readily installable on the city and body sensors easily wearable by people that cooperate by means of an ambient data ontology to better support the user decisions in a smart city. Examples of how embedded consumer electronics products are used to monitor the user ambient and how developing an effective ambient data ontology are illustrated to give an implementation account of the proposed platform.
本文介绍了如何在Wi-City中获得环境数据集成,即西西里岛地区政府推动的一个项目,旨在通过智能应用程序支持移动人员的活动,这些应用程序能够生成考虑个人和环境参数的个性化建议。本文展示了如何通过物联网时代监控系统成本的降低以及本体工程方法对数据集成的可用性来实现这一目标。特别是,本文的目的是说明一个普适平台,该平台由易于安装在城市上的环境传感器和易于人们穿戴的身体传感器组成,它们通过环境数据本体进行合作,以更好地支持智慧城市中的用户决策。举例说明了如何使用嵌入式消费电子产品来监视用户环境以及如何开发有效的环境数据本体,以给出所提议平台的实现说明。
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引用次数: 0
Extending Narrowband Descriptions and Optimal Solutions to Broadband Sensor Arrays 扩展窄带描述和宽带传感器阵列的最优解决方案
S. Weiss
This overview paper motivates the description of broadband sensor array problems by polynomial matrices, directly extending notation that is familiar from the characterisation of narrowband problems. To admit optimal solutions, the approach relies on extending the utility of the eigen- and singular value decompositions, by finding decompositions of such polynomial matrices. Particularly the factorisation of parahermitian polynomial matrices --- including space-time covariance matrices that model the second order statistics of broadband sensor array data --- is important. The paper summarises recent findings on the existence and uniqueness of the eigenvalue decomposition of such parahermitian polynomial matrices, demonstrates some algorithms that implement such factorisations, and highlights key applications where such techniques can provide advantages over state-of-the-art solutions
这篇综述性的论文激发了用多项式矩阵来描述宽带传感器阵列问题的动机,直接扩展了窄带问题的表征所熟悉的符号。为了获得最优解,该方法依赖于扩展特征值分解和奇异值分解的效用,通过找到这些多项式矩阵的分解。特别是parahertian多项式矩阵的因式分解——包括为宽带传感器阵列数据的二阶统计建模的时空协方差矩阵——是很重要的。本文总结了这些parparhertian多项式矩阵的特征值分解的存在性和唯一性的最新发现,展示了实现这些分解的一些算法,并强调了这些技术可以提供优于最先进解决方案的关键应用
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引用次数: 1
ULCL - An Ultra-lightweight Cryptographic Library for Embedded Systems ULCL -一个用于嵌入式系统的超轻量级加密库
George Hatzivasilis, Apostolos Theodoridis, E. Gasparis, C. Manifavas
The evolution of embedded systems and their applications in every daily activity, derive the development of lightweight cryptography. Widely used crypto-libraries are too large to fit on constrained devices, like sensor nodes. Also, such libraries provide redundant functionality as each lightweight and ultra-lightweight application utilizes a limited and specific set of crypto-primitives and protocols. In this paper we present the ULCL crypto-library for embedded systems. It is a compact software cryptographic library, optimized for space and performance. The library is a collection of open source ciphers (27 overall primitives). We implement a common lightweight API for utilizing all primitives and a user-friendly API for users that aren’t familiar with cryptographic applications. One of the main novelties is the configurable compilation process. A user can compile the exact set of crypto-primitives that are required to implement a lightweight application. The library is implemented in C and measurements were made on PC, BeagleBone and MemSic IRIS devices. ULCL occupies 4 – 516.7KB of code. We compare our library with other similar proposals and their suitability in different types of embedded devices.
嵌入式系统的发展及其在日常活动中的应用,衍生了轻量级密码学的发展。广泛使用的加密库太大,无法适应受约束的设备,如传感器节点。此外,这些库还提供了冗余功能,因为每个轻量级和超轻量级应用程序都使用一组有限且特定的加密原语和协议。本文提出了一种用于嵌入式系统的ULCL密码库。它是一个紧凑的软件加密库,针对空间和性能进行了优化。该库是一个开源密码的集合(总共27个原语)。我们实现了一个通用的轻量级API,用于利用所有原语,并为不熟悉加密应用程序的用户实现了一个用户友好的API。主要的新颖之处之一是可配置的编译过程。用户可以编译实现轻量级应用程序所需的精确的加密原语集。该库是用C语言实现的,并在PC、BeagleBone和MemSic IRIS设备上进行了测量。ULCL占用4 - 516.7KB的代码。我们比较了我们的库与其他类似的建议和他们在不同类型的嵌入式设备的适用性。
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引用次数: 11
Self-adaptive Noc Power Management with Dual-level Agents - Architecture and Implementation 具有双级代理的自适应Noc电源管理——架构与实现
Syed M. A. H. Jafri, L. Guang, A. Jantsch, K. Paul, A. Hemani, H. Tenhunen
Architecture and Implementation of adaptive NoC to improve performance and power consumption is presented. On platforms hosting multiple applications, hardware variations and unpredictable workloads make static design-time assignments highly sub-optimal e.g. in terms of power and performance. As a solution to this problem, adaptive NoCs are designed, which dynamically adapt towards optimal implementation. This paper addresses the architectural design of adaptive NoC, which is an essential step towards design automation. The architecture involves two levels of agents: a system level agent implemented in software on a dedicated general purpose processor and the local agents implemented as microcontrollers of each network node. The system agent issues specific instructions to perform monitoring and reconfiguration operations, while the local agents operate according to the commands from the system agent. To demonstrate the system architecture, best-effort power management with distributed voltage and frequency scaling is implemented, while meeting run-time execution requirements. Four benchmarks (matrix multiplication, FFT, wavefront, and hiperLAN transmitter) are experimented on a cycle-accurate RTL-level shared-memory NoC simulator. Power analysis with 65nm multi-Vdd library shows a significant reduction in energy consumption (from 21 % to 36 %). The synthesis also shows minimal area overhead (4 %) of the local agent compared to the original NoC switch.
介绍了自适应NoC的结构和实现,以提高性能和功耗。在承载多个应用程序的平台上,硬件变化和不可预测的工作负载使得静态设计时分配极不理想,例如在功率和性能方面。为了解决这一问题,设计了自适应noc,该noc可以动态适应最优实现。本文讨论了自适应NoC的体系结构设计,这是实现设计自动化的重要一步。该体系结构包括两层代理:在专用通用处理器上用软件实现的系统级代理和作为每个网络节点的微控制器实现的本地代理。系统代理发出特定的指令来执行监视和重新配置操作,而本地代理根据来自系统代理的命令进行操作。为了演示系统架构,实现了分布式电压和频率缩放的最佳电源管理,同时满足运行时执行要求。在周期精确的rtl级共享内存NoC模拟器上进行了四个基准测试(矩阵乘法,FFT,波前和hiperLAN发射机)。65nm多vdd库的功耗分析显示能耗显著降低(从21%降至36%)。与原始的NoC开关相比,该合成还显示了本地代理的最小面积开销(4%)。
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引用次数: 11
Modeling of Collaborative Production Systems using Coloured Petri Nets 使用彩色Petri网的协作生产系统建模
Percy Igei, C. Cugnasca, F. Junqueira, P. E. Miyagi, J. I. Garcia
Production Systems are undergoing continuous changes in order to be more competitive in a globalized market. In this scenario, there is a tendency to geographically distribute the production process to reduce development and production costs. The interaction between these components is characterized by the presence of a high number of concurrent and asynchronous processes. As a result, the development of production systems is a complex and difficult task. To cope with this complexity, this paper proposes a systematic approach for the modeling of collaborative production systems. This approach explores the potential of formal modeling language such as Colored Petri net to represent and analyze the dynamic behavior of the system. Additionally, the publish/subscribe paradigm is introduced to establish the communication in the coordination process of the system.
生产系统正在经历不断的变化,以便在全球化市场中更具竞争力。在这种情况下,有一种趋势是在地理上分布生产过程,以减少开发和生产成本。这些组件之间的交互的特点是存在大量并发和异步进程。因此,生产系统的开发是一项复杂而艰巨的任务。为了应对这种复杂性,本文提出了一种系统的协作生产系统建模方法。这种方法探索了形式化建模语言的潜力,如彩色Petri网来表示和分析系统的动态行为。此外,还引入了发布/订阅模式来建立系统协调过程中的通信。
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引用次数: 1
Towards using Multimodal Features of Social Networks for Improved Contextual Emotion Detection 利用社交网络的多模态特征改进情境情感检测
Ahmed S. Rizk, S. Aly, M. Shalan
Social networks are valuable source of information that could be used in classifying users’ emotions. In this paper, we explore the importance of certain multimodal features of social networks, other than text, that can be used in enhancing emotion detection. We study the types of posts, the degree of interaction with contacts, and the influence of contact opinions and how they tend to affect the emotions of social network users. We conducted an online survey targeting Facebook users to know how they are affected by such features. The results of our study show that status messages are the most used feature to express the social network users’ emotions, and the emotions of social network user are affected by posts and updates from friends, especially close friends. The number of likes expressed to social network users was found to positively affect their emotions. We will use such findings to prototype a system for enhanced emotion detection.
社交网络是有价值的信息来源,可以用来对用户的情绪进行分类。在本文中,我们探讨了社交网络中除文本之外的某些多模态特征的重要性,这些特征可用于增强情感检测。我们研究了帖子的类型、与联系人的互动程度、联系人意见的影响以及它们如何影响社交网络用户的情绪。我们针对Facebook用户进行了一项在线调查,以了解这些功能对他们的影响。我们的研究结果表明,状态信息是社交网络用户最常用的表达情绪的特征,而社交网络用户的情绪会受到朋友,尤其是亲密朋友的帖子和更新的影响。研究发现,向社交网络用户表示喜欢的数量会对他们的情绪产生积极影响。我们将利用这些发现来构建一个增强情感检测的系统原型。
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引用次数: 1
Self-adaptation in Automotive Embedded Systems using a Multi-layered Control Approach 基于多层控制方法的汽车嵌入式系统自适应
M. Zeller, C. Prehofer
In this work, we present an approach for self-adaptation in automotive embedded systems using a hierarchical, multi-layered control approach. We model automotive systems as a set of constraints and define a hierarchy of control loops based on different criteria. Adaptations are performed at first locally on a lower layer of the architecture. If this fails due to the restricted scope of the control cycle, the next higher layer is in charge of finding a suitable adaptation. We compare different options regarding responsibility split in multi-layered control and a version with centralized control option, in a self-healing scenario with a setup adopted from automotive in-vehicle networks. We show that a multi-layer control architecture has clear performance benefits over a central control, even though all layers work on the same set of constraints. Furthermore, we show that a responsibility split w.r.t. network topology is preferable over a functional split.
在这项工作中,我们提出了一种在汽车嵌入式系统中使用分层、多层控制方法进行自适应的方法。我们将汽车系统建模为一组约束,并根据不同的标准定义了控制回路的层次结构。调整首先在体系结构的较低层本地执行。如果由于控制周期的范围有限而失败,则下一层负责寻找合适的适应。我们比较了多层控制中责任划分的不同选项,以及采用汽车车载网络设置的自修复场景中具有集中控制选项的版本。我们表明,多层控制体系结构比中央控制具有明显的性能优势,即使所有层都在同一组约束上工作。此外,我们还展示了责任分割w.r.t.网络拓扑比功能分割更可取。
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引用次数: 2
A Meta-heuristically Optimized Fuzzy Approach towards Multi-metric Security Risk Assessment in Heterogeneous System of Systems 异构系统多度量安全风险评估的元启发式模糊优化方法
Iñaki Eguia, J. Ser
Security measurement of complex systems is a challenging task since devices deployed over the so-called System of Systems (SoS) are extremely heterogeneous and hence imply an interoperability effort in order to enable a common resilient security measurement language. Moreover, systems demand more features beyond security concept, require to preserve privacy and claim for dependable structures in order to seek a holistic and aggregated security and safety view. This paper addresses this need by capitalizing the availability of multiple security metrics through an hybrid meta-heuristic fuzzy aggregation and composition approach that takes into account the expertise compiled by the security manager, towards the generation of visual dashboards reflecting the SPD (Security, Privacy and Dependability) risk status of the system at hand.
复杂系统的安全度量是一项具有挑战性的任务,因为部署在所谓的系统之系统(so)上的设备是非常异构的,因此需要互操作性的努力,以便启用通用的弹性安全度量语言。此外,系统需要更多的安全概念之外的功能,需要保护隐私和要求可靠的结构,以寻求整体和聚合的安全与安全观。本文通过混合元启发式模糊聚合和组合方法利用多个安全度量的可用性来解决这一需求,该方法考虑了安全管理人员编译的专业知识,从而生成反映当前系统的SPD(安全性、隐私性和可靠性)风险状态的可视化仪表板。
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引用次数: 2
Towards Efficient On-line Schedulability Tests for Adaptive Networked Embedded Real-time Systems 面向自适应网络嵌入式实时系统的高效在线可调度性测试
Klaus Becker, M. Zeller, Gereon Weiss
In networked embedded systems, runtime adaptive software promises an increase of flexibility, fault tolerance and extensibility. Often, this requires that software components have to be allocated dynamically to execution platforms at runtime. Hence, the platforms have to execute dynamically changing task sets. However, in real-time systems, a task set cannot be executed without previously checking its schedulability w.r.t. given timing constraints. Therefore, it has to be determined, whether or not the existing task set would be still schedulable including newly arriving tasks. In this paper, we propose a schedulability test algorithm for such systems, exploiting the situation of adding a new task to an existing task set. Therefore, we adapt existing schedulability tests to exploit the specific acceptance test use case. The benefits of the developed adaptations are shown by experimental investigations.
在网络化嵌入式系统中,运行时自适应软件有望提高灵活性、容错性和可扩展性。通常,这需要在运行时将软件组件动态地分配给执行平台。因此,平台必须执行动态变化的任务集。然而,在实时系统中,如果没有事先检查任务集的可调度性,任务集就无法执行。因此,必须确定现有任务集是否仍然是可调度的,包括新到达的任务。在本文中,我们提出了一种针对此类系统的可调度性测试算法,该算法利用了在现有任务集中添加新任务的情况。因此,我们调整现有的可调度性测试来利用特定的验收测试用例。实验研究显示了发达的适应性的好处。
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引用次数: 3
A Dynamic Join-leave Multi-purpose Scheme for RFID Infrastructure RFID基础设施的动态加入-离开多用途方案
I. Lin, Rui-Kun Luo, S. Tsaur
Previously, a multi-purpose RFID tag needs one purpose stored one key in the tag and server, otherwise there will be security issues. In this paper, we propose a scheme for multi-purpose RFID tags. In this scheme, user can dynamic join-and-leave the purposes in multiple applications. Moreover, just authorized tags can be accessed. Our scheme is capable of applying multi-purpose tags, and we just need to store one key in a tag. Our approach will not cause the large computations of the database.
以前,一个多用途RFID标签需要一个用途在标签和服务器中存储一个密钥,否则会出现安全问题。在本文中,我们提出了一个多用途RFID标签的方案。在该方案中,用户可以在多个应用程序中动态地进行连接和离开。而且,只有经过授权的标签才能被访问。我们的方案能够应用多用途标记,我们只需要在标记中存储一个键。我们的方法不会引起数据库的大量计算。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Conference on Pervasive and Embedded Computing and Communication Systems
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