Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.3390/materproc2023013006
K. Kobetičová, J. Nábělková, M. Keppert, I. Medved’, Z. Suchorab, R. Černý
: The diffusion of calcium ions Ca 2+ in aquatic solutions (10 g/l) was measured for two brick samples from a region in Bohemia (Vysok é M ý to, Holešov-Žopy). The experiment was performed under laboratory conditions at the ambient temperature of 20 ± 2 ◦ C for a period of 240 h. The bricks were cut into three depth layers. The calcium concentrations were analyzed chelatometrically. The biodegradation potential of the individual layers was also studied. The results indicated that the depth and quality of firing are of importance regarding the transport of calcium, and they affect the success of bio-colonization.
:对波希米亚地区(Vysok M ý to, Holešov-Žopy)的两块砖样品测量了钙离子ca2 +在水溶液中的扩散(10 g/l)。实验在实验室条件下进行，环境温度为20±2◦C，时间为240 h。砖被切割成三层深度。用螯合滴定法测定钙浓度。研究了各层的生物降解潜力。结果表明，烧制的深度和质量对钙的运输有重要影响，并影响生物定植的成功。
{"title":"The Influence of the Quality of Brick Firing on Their Calcium Diffusion Capacity and Biodegradation Potential—A Preliminary Study","authors":"K. Kobetičová, J. Nábělková, M. Keppert, I. Medved’, Z. Suchorab, R. Černý","doi":"10.3390/materproc2023013006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2023013006","url":null,"abstract":": The diffusion of calcium ions Ca 2+ in aquatic solutions (10 g/l) was measured for two brick samples from a region in Bohemia (Vysok é M ý to, Holešov-Žopy). The experiment was performed under laboratory conditions at the ambient temperature of 20 ± 2 ◦ C for a period of 240 h. The bricks were cut into three depth layers. The calcium concentrations were analyzed chelatometrically. The biodegradation potential of the individual layers was also studied. The results indicated that the depth and quality of firing are of importance regarding the transport of calcium, and they affect the success of bio-colonization.","PeriodicalId":298795,"journal":{"name":"10th MATBUD’2023 Scientific-Technical Conference","volume":"23 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133586826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.3390/materproc2023013002
L. Radina, A. Sprince, L. Pakrastins, R. Gailitis, G. Sakale
: In recent decades, geopolymer concrete has often been viewed as an alternative to traditional concrete. Although its comparatively lower production of greenhouse gas emissions during a lifecycle is usually mentioned at the top of the list of benefits, the possibility of using various waste materials in its production is a clear advantage as well. This literature review summarizes and analyses the existing information on the different available construction wastes for the production of geopolymer and foamed geopolymer concrete and analyzes the curing conditions, constituents in the aluminosilicate precursor, mechanical properties, and the activator type. As part of the literature review, the use of autoclaved aerated concrete and brick wastes has been evaluated. Autoclaved concrete has been chosen because it is a typical low-strength, cement-based construction material and demolition waste that is currently disposed of in landfills, making it quite a challenge for direct use as a supplementary cementitious material. On the other hand, brick waste, one of the most common construction wastes, can be feasibly used in the form of brick dust. This literature review uses data from randomly selected studies.
{"title":"Potential Use of Construction Waste for the Production of Geopolymers: A Review","authors":"L. Radina, A. Sprince, L. Pakrastins, R. Gailitis, G. Sakale","doi":"10.3390/materproc2023013002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2023013002","url":null,"abstract":": In recent decades, geopolymer concrete has often been viewed as an alternative to traditional concrete. Although its comparatively lower production of greenhouse gas emissions during a lifecycle is usually mentioned at the top of the list of benefits, the possibility of using various waste materials in its production is a clear advantage as well. This literature review summarizes and analyses the existing information on the different available construction wastes for the production of geopolymer and foamed geopolymer concrete and analyzes the curing conditions, constituents in the aluminosilicate precursor, mechanical properties, and the activator type. As part of the literature review, the use of autoclaved aerated concrete and brick wastes has been evaluated. Autoclaved concrete has been chosen because it is a typical low-strength, cement-based construction material and demolition waste that is currently disposed of in landfills, making it quite a challenge for direct use as a supplementary cementitious material. On the other hand, brick waste, one of the most common construction wastes, can be feasibly used in the form of brick dust. This literature review uses data from randomly selected studies.","PeriodicalId":298795,"journal":{"name":"10th MATBUD’2023 Scientific-Technical Conference","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114689088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.3390/materproc2023013004
B. Figiela, K. Korniejenko, A. Bulut, B. Şahin, G. Azizağaoğlu, K. Pławecka, B. Kozub
: Geopolymers are inorganic materials resulting from the synthesis of silicon and aluminum in a polycondensation reaction. In this study, coal mine waste material from the Wieczorek mine in the ´Sl ˛askie Voivodeship was used to produce geopolymers. The material was prepared, crushed and milled beforehand due to its large dimensions. The material was subjected to sieve analysis, which allowed to distinguish three fractions. The next step was thermal activation of the obtained powder grain sizes. After thermal activation, the material was combined with an alkaline solution to prepare geopolymers. Photographs of the microstructure were taken in order to determine the chemical composition of the geopolymer and to study the phase composition. The best compressive and bending strengths were exhibited by geopolymer samples with particle sizes ranging below 200 µ m—19 MPa and 5.7 MPa, respectively.
{"title":"Influence of the Size of Milled Coal Gangue Particles on the Mechanical Properties of Geopolymers","authors":"B. Figiela, K. Korniejenko, A. Bulut, B. Şahin, G. Azizağaoğlu, K. Pławecka, B. Kozub","doi":"10.3390/materproc2023013004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2023013004","url":null,"abstract":": Geopolymers are inorganic materials resulting from the synthesis of silicon and aluminum in a polycondensation reaction. In this study, coal mine waste material from the Wieczorek mine in the ´Sl ˛askie Voivodeship was used to produce geopolymers. The material was prepared, crushed and milled beforehand due to its large dimensions. The material was subjected to sieve analysis, which allowed to distinguish three fractions. The next step was thermal activation of the obtained powder grain sizes. After thermal activation, the material was combined with an alkaline solution to prepare geopolymers. Photographs of the microstructure were taken in order to determine the chemical composition of the geopolymer and to study the phase composition. The best compressive and bending strengths were exhibited by geopolymer samples with particle sizes ranging below 200 µ m—19 MPa and 5.7 MPa, respectively.","PeriodicalId":298795,"journal":{"name":"10th MATBUD’2023 Scientific-Technical Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120994193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.3390/materproc2023013001
M. Mildner, J. Fořt, R. Černý
: The adverse effects associated with a rise in global temperature require substantial advances in various industries, the building industry in particular, with an emphasis on sustainability and circular economy measures. Research effort on the design of alkali-activated materials with sufficient engineering properties is thus on the rise, as these materials form a possible way to replace cementitious binders in the future. This paper deals with the description of an alternative material without the use of cementitious binders. The alkaline activation of a blended precursor composed of a finely ground granulated blast furnace slag and metashale, activated using waste alkalis from industrial production is studied. In addition, this material was reinforced using 25 mm long fibers of a waste fiberglass reinforcement fabric to improve the mechanical properties. This research confirmed the suitability of using a range of waste or secondary raw materials to produce new materials which then have lower
{"title":"Fiber-Reinforced Alkali-Activated Materials Based on Waste Materials","authors":"M. Mildner, J. Fořt, R. Černý","doi":"10.3390/materproc2023013001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2023013001","url":null,"abstract":": The adverse effects associated with a rise in global temperature require substantial advances in various industries, the building industry in particular, with an emphasis on sustainability and circular economy measures. Research effort on the design of alkali-activated materials with sufficient engineering properties is thus on the rise, as these materials form a possible way to replace cementitious binders in the future. This paper deals with the description of an alternative material without the use of cementitious binders. The alkaline activation of a blended precursor composed of a finely ground granulated blast furnace slag and metashale, activated using waste alkalis from industrial production is studied. In addition, this material was reinforced using 25 mm long fibers of a waste fiberglass reinforcement fabric to improve the mechanical properties. This research confirmed the suitability of using a range of waste or secondary raw materials to produce new materials which then have lower","PeriodicalId":298795,"journal":{"name":"10th MATBUD’2023 Scientific-Technical Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130859543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.3390/materproc2023013005
Erick Grünhäuser Soares, João Castro-Gomes, M. Magrinho
: The current study evaluates the influence of the static compaction pressure applied during the casting process on Carbonated Reactive Magnesia Cement-based mortars. For this purpose, mortars, embodying biomass fly ash as filler, were designed and moulded through static compaction pressures of 10, 30, 50, and 70 MPa. The moulded specimens were submitted to an accelerated carbonation curing period of 24 h under controlled conditions. The devised mortars were evaluated through compressive strength tests, and their microstructure was assessed through Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP), Thermogravimetry and Derivative Thermogravimetry (TG-DTG), and Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The results showed that the increment in the static compaction pressure during the specimens’ casting process not only led the mortars to reduce their porosity by up to ~30% and increase their compressive strength by up to ~58% (from 19.8 MPa to 31.2 MPa) but also that such a change seems to hinder the CO 2 diffusion into the specimens’ core, thus resulting in a lower content of carbonated products. In addition, the MIP analyses demonstrated that the static compaction pressure applied in the mortar casting process changes the pores’ characteristics, while TG-DTG and FTIR analyses provided evidence that the devised mortars were carbonated to a certain degree. Therefore, this work demonstrated that Carbonated Reactive Magnesia Cement-based mortars are highly influenced by the static compaction pressure applied during the casting process, at least up to a certain value.
{"title":"The Influence of Casting Static Compaction Pressure on Carbonated Reactive Magnesia Cement (CRMC)-Based Mortars","authors":"Erick Grünhäuser Soares, João Castro-Gomes, M. Magrinho","doi":"10.3390/materproc2023013005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2023013005","url":null,"abstract":": The current study evaluates the influence of the static compaction pressure applied during the casting process on Carbonated Reactive Magnesia Cement-based mortars. For this purpose, mortars, embodying biomass fly ash as filler, were designed and moulded through static compaction pressures of 10, 30, 50, and 70 MPa. The moulded specimens were submitted to an accelerated carbonation curing period of 24 h under controlled conditions. The devised mortars were evaluated through compressive strength tests, and their microstructure was assessed through Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP), Thermogravimetry and Derivative Thermogravimetry (TG-DTG), and Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The results showed that the increment in the static compaction pressure during the specimens’ casting process not only led the mortars to reduce their porosity by up to ~30% and increase their compressive strength by up to ~58% (from 19.8 MPa to 31.2 MPa) but also that such a change seems to hinder the CO 2 diffusion into the specimens’ core, thus resulting in a lower content of carbonated products. In addition, the MIP analyses demonstrated that the static compaction pressure applied in the mortar casting process changes the pores’ characteristics, while TG-DTG and FTIR analyses provided evidence that the devised mortars were carbonated to a certain degree. Therefore, this work demonstrated that Carbonated Reactive Magnesia Cement-based mortars are highly influenced by the static compaction pressure applied during the casting process, at least up to a certain value.","PeriodicalId":298795,"journal":{"name":"10th MATBUD’2023 Scientific-Technical Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121191727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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