A. Agzamov, G. Efendiyev, G. Moldabayeva, A. Syzdykov, R. Suleimenova, S. Tuzelbayeva, К. Zaurbekov
On the basis of the generalization of experience in the development of multilayer high-viscosity fields X the influence of waterflooding in the late stage on the oil recovery factor of productive formations has been studied. By applying statistical methods of data processing the dependence of the oil recovery factor on the reservoir flushing factor, with a sufficiently high correlation coefficient, has been obtained. The dependence obtained confirms the theoretical basis of oil recovery from productive formations developed with waterflooding and can be used when designing the process on similar objects. In many oil-producing regions of the world, the tendency of deteriorating quality of the resource base and incomplete replenishment of oil production by the growth of their reserves due to the discovery of new fields is observed. At the same time, the costs of prospecting and exploration works are increasing, and geological, andphysical conditions and specific reserves per each discovered field are worsening.
{"title":"On the degree of influence of waterflooding on the oil recovery factor from productive formations of high-viscosity reservoirs X, represented by terrigenous reservoirs","authors":"A. Agzamov, G. Efendiyev, G. Moldabayeva, A. Syzdykov, R. Suleimenova, S. Tuzelbayeva, К. Zaurbekov","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.28","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of the generalization of experience in the development of multilayer high-viscosity fields X the influence of waterflooding in the late stage on the oil recovery factor of productive formations has been studied. By applying statistical methods of data processing the dependence of the oil recovery factor on the reservoir flushing factor, with a sufficiently high correlation coefficient, has been obtained. The dependence obtained confirms the theoretical basis of oil recovery from productive formations developed with waterflooding and can be used when designing the process on similar objects. In many oil-producing regions of the world, the tendency of deteriorating quality of the resource base and incomplete replenishment of oil production by the growth of their reserves due to the discovery of new fields is observed. At the same time, the costs of prospecting and exploration works are increasing, and geological, andphysical conditions and specific reserves per each discovered field are worsening.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To date, there is a tendency to increase the pace of production in the field of ferrous metallurgy. The constant demand for steel products is accompanied by an increase in prices for raw materials, including carbon reducing agents. In the conditions of the domestic market of Kazakhstan, of great interest is the study and the possibility of using low-baking and non-baking coal as a raw material for the production of special coke used as a reducing agent in metallurgy, the relevance and expediency of which is also due to the resource conservation and energy efficiency program in the use of raw materials put forward by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In this article, as a result of the search for high-quality, alternative types of reducing agents used in the production of ferroalloys, experimental data of thermal oxidation treatment (coking) of long-flame, non-baking coals of the Shubarkol deposit (Kazakhstan) are presented. In laboratory conditions, during the experiments, the tested grade D coals with a fraction of 70-80 mm were subjected to temperature exposure at temperatures of 800, 850, 900, 950 °C with various preset heating speeds to determine the quality characteristics that meet the requirements for reducing agents for the metallurgical industry, in particular for the production of ferroalloys, in electro thermal, steelmaking, for agglomeration of iron and non-ferrous ores, etc. A technical analysis of long–flame coal was carried out, the volatile and moisture content of which are Vdaf – 44.5%, W – 14.8%, respectively. Also, the obtained special coke was evaluated by the content of volatile components as a result of heat treatment of coals from the Shubarkol deposit: the volatile content averaged 1.73-3.15%, the moisture was 0.73-1.65%.Based on the results of the studies, the possibility of obtaining a special coke from these types of coals with appropriate characteristics was shown.
{"title":"Determination of the quality of special coke as a result of heat treatment of coal from the Shubarkolskoye field","authors":"A. Aubakirov, A. G. Kaliakparov, L. Tolymbekova","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.33","url":null,"abstract":"To date, there is a tendency to increase the pace of production in the field of ferrous metallurgy. The constant demand for steel products is accompanied by an increase in prices for raw materials, including carbon reducing agents. In the conditions of the domestic market of Kazakhstan, of great interest is the study and the possibility of using low-baking and non-baking coal as a raw material for the production of special coke used as a reducing agent in metallurgy, the relevance and expediency of which is also due to the resource conservation and energy efficiency program in the use of raw materials put forward by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In this article, as a result of the search for high-quality, alternative types of reducing agents used in the production of ferroalloys, experimental data of thermal oxidation treatment (coking) of long-flame, non-baking coals of the Shubarkol deposit (Kazakhstan) are presented. In laboratory conditions, during the experiments, the tested grade D coals with a fraction of 70-80 mm were subjected to temperature exposure at temperatures of 800, 850, 900, 950 °C with various preset heating speeds to determine the quality characteristics that meet the requirements for reducing agents for the metallurgical industry, in particular for the production of ferroalloys, in electro thermal, steelmaking, for agglomeration of iron and non-ferrous ores, etc. A technical analysis of long–flame coal was carried out, the volatile and moisture content of which are Vdaf – 44.5%, W – 14.8%, respectively. Also, the obtained special coke was evaluated by the content of volatile components as a result of heat treatment of coals from the Shubarkol deposit: the volatile content averaged 1.73-3.15%, the moisture was 0.73-1.65%.Based on the results of the studies, the possibility of obtaining a special coke from these types of coals with appropriate characteristics was shown.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper introduces the new technology of road construction pavement Superpave. From the beginning of the technology, the method of calculation of road pavement temperature has been taken as an example on the Shymkent city road in Kazakhstan. The material calculation for high quality was conducted with the new climate data of the exact city. A new methodological approach will determine the most accurate selection of bitumen binder grades using a specifically developed PG Grade calculation based on the meteorological data for the period from 2000 to 2020 (20 years) for the specific city. This will be intended to establish requirements for bitumen binders testing by the traditional method for both original and modified bitumen, such as penetration, softening point, and flash and fire point tests, taking into account the climatic characteristics of the republic. Today, have to be accounted that the most common bitumen binder is a 70-100 penetration rating, which means that quite incorrect to use at the highest temperature in Shymkent at +41.3°C and with the lowest temperature at -17.8°C. The results will help to decide on the use of polymer modification of binders, taking into account the design temperatures and operating conditions of asphalt concrete surfaces.
{"title":"An advanced method for the development of highly reliable asphalt concrete mixture","authors":"S. Kosparmakova, Zh. A. Shashpan, M. Guler","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.27","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the new technology of road construction pavement Superpave. From the beginning of the technology, the method of calculation of road pavement temperature has been taken as an example on the Shymkent city road in Kazakhstan. The material calculation for high quality was conducted with the new climate data of the exact city. A new methodological approach will determine the most accurate selection of bitumen binder grades using a specifically developed PG Grade calculation based on the meteorological data for the period from 2000 to 2020 (20 years) for the specific city. This will be intended to establish requirements for bitumen binders testing by the traditional method for both original and modified bitumen, such as penetration, softening point, and flash and fire point tests, taking into account the climatic characteristics of the republic. Today, have to be accounted that the most common bitumen binder is a 70-100 penetration rating, which means that quite incorrect to use at the highest temperature in Shymkent at +41.3°C and with the lowest temperature at -17.8°C. The results will help to decide on the use of polymer modification of binders, taking into account the design temperatures and operating conditions of asphalt concrete surfaces.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nurbаyevа, L. Аruovа, R. Lukpаnov, S.А. Vаinberger, M. Gunasekaran
The purpose of the study is to evаluаte the effect of fibers on the bending strength of fine-grаined concrete sаmples. The results of experimentаl studies of polypropylene аnd bаsаlt fibers for dispersion reinforcement of concrete аre considered. The strength chаrаcteristics of fiber concrete of different compositions hаve been determined. The regulаrities of the influence of fiber type аnd concentrаtion on the strength chаrаcteristics of fiber concrete аre reveаled. The results of determining the bending strength of fine-grаined fiber concrete without аdding fiber (control composition) аnd with the аddition of polypropylene fiber 0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5% of the weight of cement аnd bаsаlt 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5% of the weight of cement аre presented. It is shown thаt the optimаl limits of the introduction of polypropylene fiber in the mixture of fine-grаined concrete cаn be considered 0.5 % by weight of cement. The introduction of bаsаlt fiber in the mixture of fine-grаined concrete in аn аmount of 0.1 % of the weight of cement cаn increаse the bending tensile strength.
{"title":"Fine-grаined fiber concrete using polypropylene аnd bаsаlt fibers","authors":"M. Nurbаyevа, L. Аruovа, R. Lukpаnov, S.А. Vаinberger, M. Gunasekaran","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.26","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to evаluаte the effect of fibers on the bending strength of fine-grаined concrete sаmples. The results of experimentаl studies of polypropylene аnd bаsаlt fibers for dispersion reinforcement of concrete аre considered. The strength chаrаcteristics of fiber concrete of different compositions hаve been determined. The regulаrities of the influence of fiber type аnd concentrаtion on the strength chаrаcteristics of fiber concrete аre reveаled. The results of determining the bending strength of fine-grаined fiber concrete without аdding fiber (control composition) аnd with the аddition of polypropylene fiber 0.1, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5% of the weight of cement аnd bаsаlt 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5% of the weight of cement аre presented. It is shown thаt the optimаl limits of the introduction of polypropylene fiber in the mixture of fine-grаined concrete cаn be considered 0.5 % by weight of cement. The introduction of bаsаlt fiber in the mixture of fine-grаined concrete in аn аmount of 0.1 % of the weight of cement cаn increаse the bending tensile strength.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Primandari, Mulianti, A. Kaharudin, Y. Fernanda, Generousdi, B. Narayanan
This study is aimed to examine citric acids as a potential chelating agent to decrease colloidal impurities in patchouli oil to improve its quality. It covers colour, specific density, refractive index, acid value, iron content, oleoresin oil content, and patchouli alcohol. Complete Randomized Design with factorial design is used with two factors and repeated 3 times. Factors are (1) citric acid concentration consists of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.50% (w/v), (2) stirring time of 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Further, purified oil by citric acid was compared to purified oil by Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Findings show that the concentration of chelating agents and the time of stirring have an effect on the quality of patchouli oil. The higher the chelating concentration and the more the stirring time, the better the quality of purified patchouli oil in terms of colour, specific density, refractive index, acid value, and iron content. Findings also show that citric acid has almost the same performance as EDTA. The main components in patchouli oil (patchouli alcohol and oleoresin oil) are not affected by treatment. Purified patchouli oil by using citric acid meets Indonesian National Standard (SNI) requirements so citric acid is one of the potential chelating agents.
{"title":"Removal of Ferrous using Citric Acid in Patchouli Oil Purification by Complexometry","authors":"S. Primandari, Mulianti, A. Kaharudin, Y. Fernanda, Generousdi, B. Narayanan","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.31","url":null,"abstract":"This study is aimed to examine citric acids as a potential chelating agent to decrease colloidal impurities in patchouli oil to improve its quality. It covers colour, specific density, refractive index, acid value, iron content, oleoresin oil content, and patchouli alcohol. Complete Randomized Design with factorial design is used with two factors and repeated 3 times. Factors are (1) citric acid concentration consists of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.50% (w/v), (2) stirring time of 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Further, purified oil by citric acid was compared to purified oil by Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Findings show that the concentration of chelating agents and the time of stirring have an effect on the quality of patchouli oil. The higher the chelating concentration and the more the stirring time, the better the quality of purified patchouli oil in terms of colour, specific density, refractive index, acid value, and iron content. Findings also show that citric acid has almost the same performance as EDTA. The main components in patchouli oil (patchouli alcohol and oleoresin oil) are not affected by treatment. Purified patchouli oil by using citric acid meets Indonesian National Standard (SNI) requirements so citric acid is one of the potential chelating agents.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the maintenance of workings, the effects of soil rock heaving, caused by plastic deformation and extrusion into the excavation cavity under the action of the rock pressure, are usually eliminated. The identified patterns of change in the stress-strain state of coal-rock massifs (displacements, stresses, cracking zones), depending on the main mining-geological and mining-technical factors will allow to establish the optimal parameters of soil anchoring, technological schemes for decreasing soil rock heaving of mine workings to increase the stability of preparatory mine workings have been developed. The development and improvement of existing technologies of effective and safe stiffening of near-soil rocks at conducting mine workings on flat and inclined coal seams were substantiated. The modelling of the SSS shows that both side-rock and ground deformations are predominantly influenced by side anchorage which results in reduction of the effective deformations in the rocks surrounding the working and in a decrease of gas release from the coal massif. It is established that the deformations and stresses both side and in-soil rocks in the excavation are influenced by side anchors rather than near-soil ones.
{"title":"Anchor bolt of rock massif in coal mines to decrease soil rock heaving of the workings","authors":"V. Demin, V. Zhurov","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.21","url":null,"abstract":"During the maintenance of workings, the effects of soil rock heaving, caused by plastic deformation and extrusion into the excavation cavity under the action of the rock pressure, are usually eliminated. The identified patterns of change in the stress-strain state of coal-rock massifs (displacements, stresses, cracking zones), depending on the main mining-geological and mining-technical factors will allow to establish the optimal parameters of soil anchoring, technological schemes for decreasing soil rock heaving of mine workings to increase the stability of preparatory mine workings have been developed. The development and improvement of existing technologies of effective and safe stiffening of near-soil rocks at conducting mine workings on flat and inclined coal seams were substantiated. The modelling of the SSS shows that both side-rock and ground deformations are predominantly influenced by side anchorage which results in reduction of the effective deformations in the rocks surrounding the working and in a decrease of gas release from the coal massif. It is established that the deformations and stresses both side and in-soil rocks in the excavation are influenced by side anchors rather than near-soil ones.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Toktar, D. Magomedov, A.K. Коizhanova, N. Abdyldaev, A.N. Bakraeva
Research results on the study of the material composition of low-sulfide gold-bearing ore from the East Kazakhstan deposit are presented. The main non-metallic minerals of the original sample and beneficiation products include quartz, chlorite (clinochlore), carbonates (calcite and dolomite). Pyrite is present predominantly in the form of cubic crystals, sometimes in the form of clusters. The grain size is from 0.03 to 0.40.5 mm, the size of the clusters reaches several mm. Iron oxides (goethite, hydrogoethite) were formed on pyrite, possibly magnetite and ilmenite. The assay test found that the test sample contains 6.04 g/t Au and 7.9 g/t Ag. The content of sulfide minerals is 11.81%. A significant part of gold (85.51%) is in a finely disseminated state in sulfides, as well as in rock-forming minerals 1.22%. The paper presents the results of laboratory studies of the gold- ore beneficiation ability using gravity concentration processes. Gravity enrichment tests were performed on laboratory equipment: Knelson KS-MD 3 centrifugal concentrator, SKO-05 concentration table, and a two-chamber diaphragm jig (OML TsNIGRI type (jig of Central Geological Research Institute for Nonferrous and Precious Metals)). The obtained results of ore beneficiation on the concentration table show the possibility of obtaining a gravity concentrate with a gold grade of 48.9 g/t with a gold recovery of 40.08%. When separating the gravity concentrate on a jig, the gold extraction was 31.6% at a content of 51.4 g/t. It was found that that according to a single-stage beneficiation scheme in a centrifugal concentrator, a gold-bearing concentrate with a gold content of 58.3 g/t was obtained with a recovery of 80.6%. The dependence of the gold extraction and its content in the gravity concentrate on the output at the Knelson centrifugal concentrator is shown. The results of ore flotation beneficiation show the possibility of obtaining waste grade flotation tailings with a gold grade of 0.8 g/t. The extraction of gold into the combined concentrate, with a gold content of 49.7 g/t, is 88.88%.
{"title":"Extraction of gold from low-sulfide gold-bearing ores by beneficiating method using a pressure generator for pulp microaeration","authors":"G. Toktar, D. Magomedov, A.K. Коizhanova, N. Abdyldaev, A.N. Bakraeva","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.19","url":null,"abstract":"Research results on the study of the material composition of low-sulfide gold-bearing ore from the East Kazakhstan deposit are presented. The main non-metallic minerals of the original sample and beneficiation products include quartz, chlorite (clinochlore), carbonates (calcite and dolomite). Pyrite is present predominantly in the form of cubic crystals, sometimes in the form of clusters. The grain size is from 0.03 to 0.40.5 mm, the size of the clusters reaches several mm. Iron oxides (goethite, hydrogoethite) were formed on pyrite, possibly magnetite and ilmenite. The assay test found that the test sample contains 6.04 g/t Au and 7.9 g/t Ag. The content of sulfide minerals is 11.81%. A significant part of gold (85.51%) is in a finely disseminated state in sulfides, as well as in rock-forming minerals 1.22%. The paper presents the results of laboratory studies of the gold- ore beneficiation ability using gravity concentration processes. Gravity enrichment tests were performed on laboratory equipment: Knelson KS-MD 3 centrifugal concentrator, SKO-05 concentration table, and a two-chamber diaphragm jig (OML TsNIGRI type (jig of Central Geological Research Institute for Nonferrous and Precious Metals)). The obtained results of ore beneficiation on the concentration table show the possibility of obtaining a gravity concentrate with a gold grade of 48.9 g/t with a gold recovery of 40.08%. When separating the gravity concentrate on a jig, the gold extraction was 31.6% at a content of 51.4 g/t. It was found that that according to a single-stage beneficiation scheme in a centrifugal concentrator, a gold-bearing concentrate with a gold content of 58.3 g/t was obtained with a recovery of 80.6%. The dependence of the gold extraction and its content in the gravity concentrate on the output at the Knelson centrifugal concentrator is shown. The results of ore flotation beneficiation show the possibility of obtaining waste grade flotation tailings with a gold grade of 0.8 g/t. The extraction of gold into the combined concentrate, with a gold content of 49.7 g/t, is 88.88%.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Ramazanova, M. Zamalitdinova, M.Zh. Baidauletova, M. Kovalenko
Currently, modern manufacturing industries impose special requirements on structural materials such as aluminum, titanium, and their alloys. Various methods are used to improve the physicomechanical and corrosion properties of these materials. One of the promising ways to modify the surface in order to give it multifunctional properties is the treatment of micro-arc oxidation. A distinctive feature of the process is the formation of the oxide coatings on valve metals because of exposure to micro-arc discharges. At the same time, coatings with unique properties are formed. However, the effect of the micro-arc oxidation process on the properties of the base material has been little studied. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of the micro-arc process, implemented in pulsed mode, on the properties of oxide layers, and the base material. Modification of the alloy surface was carried out in the anode mode, with small values of the duration of the anode current pulse. An alkaline electrolyte solution was used as the electrolyte. Studies of the microhardness of the oxide layer, as well as the metal layer from the interface – oxide layer /metal deep into the metal, have shown that micro-arc discharges affect not only the properties of the oxide layer but also structural changes in the thickness of the metal. It is shown that the formed oxide coating is characterized by high microhardness. The oxide coatings obtained at the duration of the anode current pulse of 100 µs – 200 µs are wear-resistant, the coatings do not collapse, and do not wear to the ground under the accepted test conditions.
{"title":"Effect of microarc oxidation on the properties of aluminum alloy samples","authors":"Z. Ramazanova, M. Zamalitdinova, M.Zh. Baidauletova, M. Kovalenko","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.16","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, modern manufacturing industries impose special requirements on structural materials such as aluminum, titanium, and their alloys. Various methods are used to improve the physicomechanical and corrosion properties of these materials. One of the promising ways to modify the surface in order to give it multifunctional properties is the treatment of micro-arc oxidation. A distinctive feature of the process is the formation of the oxide coatings on valve metals because of exposure to micro-arc discharges. At the same time, coatings with unique properties are formed. However, the effect of the micro-arc oxidation process on the properties of the base material has been little studied. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of the micro-arc process, implemented in pulsed mode, on the properties of oxide layers, and the base material. Modification of the alloy surface was carried out in the anode mode, with small values of the duration of the anode current pulse. An alkaline electrolyte solution was used as the electrolyte. Studies of the microhardness of the oxide layer, as well as the metal layer from the interface – oxide layer /metal deep into the metal, have shown that micro-arc discharges affect not only the properties of the oxide layer but also structural changes in the thickness of the metal. It is shown that the formed oxide coating is characterized by high microhardness. The oxide coatings obtained at the duration of the anode current pulse of 100 µs – 200 µs are wear-resistant, the coatings do not collapse, and do not wear to the ground under the accepted test conditions.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ultarakova, Z. Karshyga, N. Lokhova, A. Yessengaziyev, P. Burns
The material composition of sludge deposits from titanium-magnesium production was studied by chemical, X-ray, and microprobe analysis methods. Studies of the phase composition of the collector sludge showed that niobium is mainly bound with aluminum and titanium in oxide compounds. The particles of these compounds are very small and surrounded by the clay and carbonate component of the sludge collector. The chemical and mechanical activation processes of the sludge from the titanium-magnesium production sludge collector were executed based on the data obtained on the material composition. Alkaline leaching of sludge from sludge collector after preliminary activation was executed. The optimum conditions for the niobium extraction from the sludge of the sludge dump from the titanium-magnesium production were determined: sodium hydroxide concentration of 200 g/dm3, glycerol 5 g/dm3, S:L = 1:10, temperature 95 °C, leaching process duration - 4 hours. The addition of glycerol during alkaline leaching of sludge inhibits the transition of hexaniobate into insoluble sodium metaniobate enabling to increase the niobium extraction by 1.3 times with transfer into the solution of up to 80% of the extracted metal.
{"title":"Studies for hydrometallurgical processing of titanium-magnesium production sludge with niobium extraction in solution","authors":"A. Ultarakova, Z. Karshyga, N. Lokhova, A. Yessengaziyev, P. Burns","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.18","url":null,"abstract":"The material composition of sludge deposits from titanium-magnesium production was studied by chemical, X-ray, and microprobe analysis methods. Studies of the phase composition of the collector sludge showed that niobium is mainly bound with aluminum and titanium in oxide compounds. The particles of these compounds are very small and surrounded by the clay and carbonate component of the sludge collector. The chemical and mechanical activation processes of the sludge from the titanium-magnesium production sludge collector were executed based on the data obtained on the material composition. Alkaline leaching of sludge from sludge collector after preliminary activation was executed. The optimum conditions for the niobium extraction from the sludge of the sludge dump from the titanium-magnesium production were determined: sodium hydroxide concentration of 200 g/dm3, glycerol 5 g/dm3, S:L = 1:10, temperature 95 °C, leaching process duration - 4 hours. The addition of glycerol during alkaline leaching of sludge inhibits the transition of hexaniobate into insoluble sodium metaniobate enabling to increase the niobium extraction by 1.3 times with transfer into the solution of up to 80% of the extracted metal.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Abikak, B. Kenzhaliyev, H. Retnawati, S. Gladyshev, A. Akcil
Pyrite cinders, waste products of pyrite concentrate processing by firing to produce sulfuric acid, can serve as raw materials for the extraction of precious, ferrous, and non-ferrous metals. The paper considers the possibilities of obtaining non-ferrous metal concentrate from pyrite cinders by sulfuric acid leaching. This operation is one of the stages in the integrated technology. To increase the extraction of non-ferrous metals during leaching, the method of preliminary chemical activation was used. Chemical activation was carried out in a solution containing 40-120 g/dm3 NaНCO3 at temperatures of 90-230 ° C and a duration of 30-300 minutes. Sulfuric acid leaching of pyrite cinder after activation was carried out in H2SO4 solutions with a concentration of 5-20 % at a temperature of 60 ° C, duration of 30 minutes, and pulp density of 33 %. To determine the optimal conditions for the sulfuric acid leaching of pyrite cinders, a mathematical planning method was used, which allows to assess with a high degree of reliability the influence of the main factors (temperature, pulp density, the concentration of the solution NaHCO3 and duration) and predict an increase in the efficiency of the process by analyzing the numerical values of the regression equations. As a result of sulfuric acid leaching of pyrite cinders after preliminary chemical activation under optimal conditions determined by a mathematical model, the extraction of iron and non-ferrous metals into a solution is 10-15% higher than without activation.
{"title":"Mathematical modeling of sulfuric acid leaching of pyrite cinders after preliminary chemical activation","authors":"Y. Abikak, B. Kenzhaliyev, H. Retnawati, S. Gladyshev, A. Akcil","doi":"10.31643/2023/6445.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.12","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrite cinders, waste products of pyrite concentrate processing by firing to produce sulfuric acid, can serve as raw materials for the extraction of precious, ferrous, and non-ferrous metals. The paper considers the possibilities of obtaining non-ferrous metal concentrate from pyrite cinders by sulfuric acid leaching. This operation is one of the stages in the integrated technology. To increase the extraction of non-ferrous metals during leaching, the method of preliminary chemical activation was used. Chemical activation was carried out in a solution containing 40-120 g/dm3 NaНCO3 at temperatures of 90-230 ° C and a duration of 30-300 minutes. Sulfuric acid leaching of pyrite cinder after activation was carried out in H2SO4 solutions with a concentration of 5-20 % at a temperature of 60 ° C, duration of 30 minutes, and pulp density of 33 %. To determine the optimal conditions for the sulfuric acid leaching of pyrite cinders, a mathematical planning method was used, which allows to assess with a high degree of reliability the influence of the main factors (temperature, pulp density, the concentration of the solution NaHCO3 and duration) and predict an increase in the efficiency of the process by analyzing the numerical values of the regression equations. As a result of sulfuric acid leaching of pyrite cinders after preliminary chemical activation under optimal conditions determined by a mathematical model, the extraction of iron and non-ferrous metals into a solution is 10-15% higher than without activation.","PeriodicalId":29905,"journal":{"name":"Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69367056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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