Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.123
I. Moll
The history of the developtnent and organisation of health networks is critical to an understanding of the nature of any particular public health systetn. I This paper considers two such networks in rural Majorca during the nineteenth century, within the context of the consolidation of the new public adtninistration in Spain. One network etnerged from local and State political action and was comprised of health professionals, especially physicians and phannacists, who established thetnselves in rural cotnmunities. They had a contractual relationship with local governments, in effect providing health care to everyone including those who lacked financial resources. From the middle of the nineteenth century the developing legal framework formally enveloped these health professionals within local governnlent adnlinistration.
{"title":"Health Networks in Nineteenth Century Rural Majorca","authors":"I. Moll","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.123","url":null,"abstract":"The history of the developtnent and organisation of health networks is critical to an understanding of the nature of any particular public health systetn. I This paper considers two such networks in rural Majorca during the nineteenth century, within the context of the consolidation of the new public adtninistration in Spain. One network etnerged from local and State political action and was comprised of health professionals, especially physicians and phannacists, who established thetnselves in rural cotnmunities. They had a contractual relationship with local governments, in effect providing health care to everyone including those who lacked financial resources. From the middle of the nineteenth century the developing legal framework formally enveloped these health professionals within local governnlent adnlinistration.","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129434918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.138
A. Andresen
'We will now deal with the present state of rural hygiene, which is indeed a pitiful and disgusting story, dreadful to tell.'1 Words similar to those spoken by Florence Nightingale echoed throughout Europe towards the end of the nineteenth century. They served not merely as a description of rural hygiene, but also signalled a change in perceptions of the urban versus the rural. Urban spaces were regarded unhealthy and even a threat to national well-being in the lniddle of the nineteenth century but the countryside increasingly attracted attention as a defective environment. Physicians, philanthropists, travellers and politicians alike provided evidence on the poor state of hygiene in rural areas compared with urban ones. Mortality figures seelned to deliver the final proof: nineteenth century European countries tended to have lower rural than urban death rates but this was reversed during the first half of the twentieth century. Concern over such changes became international in scope, as illustrated by the League of Nations ' investigation of living conditions and health standards in rural Europe during the 1920s and by its sponsorship of the international rural health conferences in Geneva and Budapest in 1931.
{"title":"Perspectives on the Interaction of Medicine and Rural Cultures: Spain, Norway and European Russia, 1860–1910","authors":"A. Andresen","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.138","url":null,"abstract":"'We will now deal with the present state of rural hygiene, which is indeed a pitiful and disgusting story, dreadful to tell.'1 Words similar to those spoken by Florence Nightingale echoed throughout Europe towards the end of the nineteenth century. They served not merely as a description of rural hygiene, but also signalled a change in perceptions of the urban versus the rural. Urban spaces were regarded unhealthy and even a threat to national well-being in the lniddle of the nineteenth century but the countryside increasingly attracted attention as a defective environment. Physicians, philanthropists, travellers and politicians alike provided evidence on the poor state of hygiene in rural areas compared with urban ones. Mortality figures seelned to deliver the final proof: nineteenth century European countries tended to have lower rural than urban death rates but this was reversed during the first half of the twentieth century. Concern over such changes became international in scope, as illustrated by the League of Nations ' investigation of living conditions and health standards in rural Europe during the 1920s and by its sponsorship of the international rural health conferences in Geneva and Budapest in 1931.","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"2011 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114087374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article considers changing perceptions of health conditions in rural Spain and how these might have improved over the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, using particularly the case of provincial Valencia. The issue attracted attention at levels from the local to the international. To begin with, Spain was overwhelmingly still a lural society. According to the census of 1920, 17.3 million people lived in rural areas cOlnpared with 4 lnillions in the main cities.2 However, official statistics restricted definitions of the urban to provincial capitals, thereby exaggerating this in1balance and Inaking still1nore problelnatic the differentiation of urban and lural populations. Second, the process of health transition seen in Inany European countries over the second half of the nineteenth century was delayed in Spain, where cholera, smallpox and other infectious diseases were often prevalent and rates of general and child Inortality were high.3 Subject to considerable local diversity, the experience in Spain broadly coincided with the MeditelTanean lnodel, with trends in vital rates intennediate between Italy and POliugal, for exan1ple. Third, late-nineteenth century presumptions about rural health and its evident advantages, in ten11Sof life expectancy and n10rtality, eroded with the virtual disappearance of 'the urban penalty' by the early 1930s.
{"title":"Health, Medicine and Cultural Interaction in Rural Spain 1875–1936","authors":"J. Barona","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers changing perceptions of health conditions in rural Spain and how these might have improved over the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, using particularly the case of provincial Valencia. The issue attracted attention at levels from the local to the international. To begin with, Spain was overwhelmingly still a lural society. According to the census of 1920, 17.3 million people lived in rural areas cOlnpared with 4 lnillions in the main cities.2 However, official statistics restricted definitions of the urban to provincial capitals, thereby exaggerating this in1balance and Inaking still1nore problelnatic the differentiation of urban and lural populations. Second, the process of health transition seen in Inany European countries over the second half of the nineteenth century was delayed in Spain, where cholera, smallpox and other infectious diseases were often prevalent and rates of general and child Inortality were high.3 Subject to considerable local diversity, the experience in Spain broadly coincided with the MeditelTanean lnodel, with trends in vital rates intennediate between Italy and POliugal, for exan1ple. Third, late-nineteenth century presumptions about rural health and its evident advantages, in ten11Sof life expectancy and n10rtality, eroded with the virtual disappearance of 'the urban penalty' by the early 1930s.","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115490876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In April 1858 the Ministry of Interior in Bavaria, the third largest state of the German Confederation after Prussia and Austria, commissioned a medical topography of the kingdom. The aim was to produce, on a uniform basis, an accurate picture of medical provision across the state and to survey some of the features considered of particular relevance to health. Responsibility for undertaking this survey was assigned to the 284 stateappointed district doctors (Gerichtsiirzte), who supervised the medical administration of every urban (Stadtgericht) and rural (Landgericht) district in Bavaria, and each of the topographies (Physikatsberiehte) was to be completed according to a standardised format. Physicians were required to report first on the physical geography of their district, its climate and the predominant types of cultivation to be found there. They were also to include details concerning the sowing and harvest times of the principal crops as well as a catalogue of those naturally occurring products, such as natural spring waters, minerals or flora, deemed to be of medical significance. In accordance with the prevailing Hippocratic influence of the time, particular emphasis was placed on features such as the prevailing winds, the extent of climatic fluctuations and the amount of low-lying or marshy ground.
{"title":"Medical Topographies in Nineteenth Century Bavaria","authors":"I. Farr","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.92","url":null,"abstract":"In April 1858 the Ministry of Interior in Bavaria, the third largest state of the German Confederation after Prussia and Austria, commissioned a medical topography of the kingdom. The aim was to produce, on a uniform basis, an accurate picture of medical provision across the state and to survey some of the features considered of particular relevance to health. Responsibility for undertaking this survey was assigned to the 284 stateappointed district doctors (Gerichtsiirzte), who supervised the medical administration of every urban (Stadtgericht) and rural (Landgericht) district in Bavaria, and each of the topographies (Physikatsberiehte) was to be completed according to a standardised format. Physicians were required to report first on the physical geography of their district, its climate and the predominant types of cultivation to be found there. They were also to include details concerning the sowing and harvest times of the principal crops as well as a catalogue of those naturally occurring products, such as natural spring waters, minerals or flora, deemed to be of medical significance. In accordance with the prevailing Hippocratic influence of the time, particular emphasis was placed on features such as the prevailing winds, the extent of climatic fluctuations and the amount of low-lying or marshy ground.","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122473319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although there is a substantial English literature on pre-Revolutionary Russian health care, particularly concerning professional and political organisation, the practicalities sun·ounding its delivery have attracted less attention. 1 This contribution examines health care provision under the post-1864 zemstvo systeln of local govenl1nent and the associated encounters between Inodern Inedicine and local populations. It combines research findings principally on two Russian provinces (gubernii), Olonets and Salnara, with an existing study of the Moscow guberniya and a selection of Russian-language studies and eye-witness accounts.
{"title":"Zemstvo Health Care in Rural Russia c.1864–1917","authors":"S. Cherry","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.73","url":null,"abstract":"Although there is a substantial English literature on pre-Revolutionary Russian health care, particularly concerning professional and political organisation, the practicalities sun·ounding its delivery have attracted less attention. 1 This contribution examines health care provision under the post-1864 zemstvo systeln of local govenl1nent and the associated encounters between Inodern Inedicine and local populations. It combines research findings principally on two Russian provinces (gubernii), Olonets and Salnara, with an existing study of the Moscow guberniya and a selection of Russian-language studies and eye-witness accounts.","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123276156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
State responsibility for the vital health services today offers the people of Norway fairly equal access to health services, with public health policies based upon the same principles. This state of affairs is often linked with the post-war 'social-democratic order', although its history can be traced back at least to the early twentieth century. There was no mid-nineteenth century common national health policy nor equal access to health care for urban and rural populations, but these featured as political aims and eventually, albeit slowly and to varying degrees, as social realities. This article deals with the rationale behind such developments, notably the national improvement in access to health services in rural districts and the emergence of a centrally shaped public health policy. The resulting impact upon the health of the population is not our main focus, although the new policies did affect the majority of the population. In 1865 only 20% of people lived in cities, towns or what were defined as densely populated districts, compared with approximately 38% in 1910. Not until the 1940s did roughly one-half of the population live in urban surroundings, even when urban space was defined as 'places having at least 200 inhabitants' and with no more than 50 metres between the houses. 1
{"title":"Towards Equality? Rural Health and Health Legislation in Norway, 1860–1912","authors":"A. Andresen, Teemu Ryymin","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.2.52","url":null,"abstract":"State responsibility for the vital health services today offers the people of Norway fairly equal access to health services, with public health policies based upon the same principles. This state of affairs is often linked with the post-war 'social-democratic order', although its history can be traced back at least to the early twentieth century. There was no mid-nineteenth century common national health policy nor equal access to health care for urban and rural populations, but these featured as political aims and eventually, albeit slowly and to varying degrees, as social realities. This article deals with the rationale behind such developments, notably the national improvement in access to health services in rural districts and the emergence of a centrally shaped public health policy. The resulting impact upon the health of the population is not our main focus, although the new policies did affect the majority of the population. In 1865 only 20% of people lived in cities, towns or what were defined as densely populated districts, compared with approximately 38% in 1910. Not until the 1940s did roughly one-half of the population live in urban surroundings, even when urban space was defined as 'places having at least 200 inhabitants' and with no more than 50 metres between the houses. 1","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131075734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is a customary practice to review the work of historical societies and the contribution made by their journals. A retrospective was published on The Local Historian, for example, in 1992; others have been produced on the aims and achievements of the Conference of Regional and Local Historians in 1998, and the Local Population Studies Society in 2004. 1 Here the content of the journal of the Devon History Society, The Devon Historian, is reflected upon.
{"title":"Process and Synthesis in the Rethinking of Local History: Perspectives Contained in Essays for a County History Society, 1970–2005","authors":"A. Jackson","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"It is a customary practice to review the work of historical societies and the contribution made by their journals. A retrospective was published on The Local Historian, for example, in 1992; others have been produced on the aims and achievements of the Conference of Regional and Local Historians in 1998, and the Local Population Studies Society in 2004. 1 Here the content of the journal of the Devon History Society, The Devon Historian, is reflected upon.","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"160 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116548302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction Even the most cursory review of the recent literature on urbanism reveals that place marketing and promotional activity have become essential tools in the drive of many cities to move beyond industrialism and to create new identities for themselves. Just as place promotion itself has burgeoned in the past two decades, the literature on the activity has also grown immensely. 1 It may seem superfluous, therefore, that the present article is added to this literature. However, it is clear that the context within which place promotion is taking place in the UK is constantly changing and, in particular, the response of local authorities to such a dynamic situation is of particular interest. It is in that spirit that the present article is offered.
{"title":"UK Local Authority Place Promotion: Changing Contexts and Changing Priorities","authors":"M. Barke, Lisa Lau, G. Mowl","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Even the most cursory review of the recent literature on urbanism reveals that place marketing and promotional activity have become essential tools in the drive of many cities to move beyond industrialism and to create new identities for themselves. Just as place promotion itself has burgeoned in the past two decades, the literature on the activity has also grown immensely. 1 It may seem superfluous, therefore, that the present article is added to this literature. However, it is clear that the context within which place promotion is taking place in the UK is constantly changing and, in particular, the response of local authorities to such a dynamic situation is of particular interest. It is in that spirit that the present article is offered.","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129751840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
African responses to British colonial rule in the Gold Coast (colonial Ghana) Inetamorphosed into several forms of anti-colonial protest politics. Although, for the most part, the responses were non-violent they tended to be disruptive.2 One group whose anti-colonialisln is well-known, but which relnains to be fully understood is the African intelligentsia.3 As a group, the African intelligentsia served as agents of creolization, social and economic change, cultural transmission, Euro-Christianity, and political transformation. Their cOlnposite anti-colonialism took the fom1 of petitions and delegations; trade unionism; strikes and boycotts; counter hegemonic intellectual activities in the form of poetry, novels, historical writings; and the use of indigenous newspapers as a political platform.4 The period 1912-1920 witnessed two major stresses of colonial rule in the Gold Coast whose exigencies in turn intensified the African intelligentsia's anti-colonial protest politics that had begun in the late nineteenth century. One stress, the focus of the present study, was the vigorous ilnplementation of indirect rule, that is, the colonial policy of using the African political elite, specifically the chiefs, as the main agents of local administration.5 The other strain, that has ganlered considerable scholarly attention and hence does not fonn a part of the present study, is the wartime policies of labour mobilization, military recruitn1ent, and the InaxiInization of economic resources of the colony in support of the imperial war effort. 6
{"title":"‘Disrespect and Contempt for Our Natural Rulers’: The African Intelligentsia and the Effects of British Indirect Rule on Indigenous Rulers in the Gold Coast c.1912–1920","authors":"K. Akurang-Parry","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.1.43","url":null,"abstract":"African responses to British colonial rule in the Gold Coast (colonial Ghana) Inetamorphosed into several forms of anti-colonial protest politics. Although, for the most part, the responses were non-violent they tended to be disruptive.2 One group whose anti-colonialisln is well-known, but which relnains to be fully understood is the African intelligentsia.3 As a group, the African intelligentsia served as agents of creolization, social and economic change, cultural transmission, Euro-Christianity, and political transformation. Their cOlnposite anti-colonialism took the fom1 of petitions and delegations; trade unionism; strikes and boycotts; counter hegemonic intellectual activities in the form of poetry, novels, historical writings; and the use of indigenous newspapers as a political platform.4 The period 1912-1920 witnessed two major stresses of colonial rule in the Gold Coast whose exigencies in turn intensified the African intelligentsia's anti-colonial protest politics that had begun in the late nineteenth century. One stress, the focus of the present study, was the vigorous ilnplementation of indirect rule, that is, the colonial policy of using the African political elite, specifically the chiefs, as the main agents of local administration.5 The other strain, that has ganlered considerable scholarly attention and hence does not fonn a part of the present study, is the wartime policies of labour mobilization, military recruitn1ent, and the InaxiInization of economic resources of the colony in support of the imperial war effort. 6","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134019821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When he gave the speech above, Arthur Osman had been the president of 'District 65', a labour union headquartered in New York City, for over 14 years. In the course of those 14 years, Osman turned a small union of Jewish dry goods salesmen with 70 members into a 17,000 member 'catch-all' union that organized everyone and everywhere it could. Throughout its history, Osman and the union's organizers tried to bring people into the union who, in their estimation, needed the union the most. That philosophy brought warehousemen, food processors, box nlakers, newsboys, store clerks, porters, couriers, pushboys, and other low-paid workers into the union. By joining District 65, these workers realized higher wages, job stability, and, in some cases, health insurance and other benefits in addition to finding what several described as 'self-respect' in being a part of a 'progressive' organization dedicated to changing the social and econolnic landscape.
{"title":"‘There will be no Messiah Sent from New York or Elsewhere’: Organising Black Workers in the South During the Cold War","authors":"Lisa Philips","doi":"10.1179/jrl.2006.2.1.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/jrl.2006.2.1.66","url":null,"abstract":"When he gave the speech above, Arthur Osman had been the president of 'District 65', a labour union headquartered in New York City, for over 14 years. In the course of those 14 years, Osman turned a small union of Jewish dry goods salesmen with 70 members into a 17,000 member 'catch-all' union that organized everyone and everywhere it could. Throughout its history, Osman and the union's organizers tried to bring people into the union who, in their estimation, needed the union the most. That philosophy brought warehousemen, food processors, box nlakers, newsboys, store clerks, porters, couriers, pushboys, and other low-paid workers into the union. By joining District 65, these workers realized higher wages, job stability, and, in some cases, health insurance and other benefits in addition to finding what several described as 'self-respect' in being a part of a 'progressive' organization dedicated to changing the social and econolnic landscape.","PeriodicalId":299529,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Regional and Local Studies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127974525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：