Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518611
Z. Bakar, K. N. Ismail, Negar Fooladi
Although there are many information about crops in the web that can be retrieved, usually user is unable to extract preferred information. Most of the time the problem is caused by poor query formulation. This paper examines the effectiveness of the query word “durian” and its thesaurus as benchmark terms versus query formulation based on the characteristics of durian. Findings shows that using characteristic of durian in query formulation significantly improved the effectiveness of the query.
{"title":"Effectiveness of query formulation based on durian characteristics","authors":"Z. Bakar, K. N. Ismail, Negar Fooladi","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518611","url":null,"abstract":"Although there are many information about crops in the web that can be retrieved, usually user is unable to extract preferred information. Most of the time the problem is caused by poor query formulation. This paper examines the effectiveness of the query word “durian” and its thesaurus as benchmark terms versus query formulation based on the characteristics of durian. Findings shows that using characteristic of durian in query formulation significantly improved the effectiveness of the query.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132909249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518606
Yuvaraj Ramachandran Muthulakshmi, M. Murugappan, K. Sundaraj
The electroencephalogram (EEG) signals provide oscillatory dynamics and valuable information about brain function. In fact, this permits the detection of changes in neurological state which are especially useful in the limited clinical examinations. Perhaps, the close relationship of EEG metabolism with cerebral blood flow enables EEG to be useful in the sensitive evaluation of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson disease (PD) and Stroke. In addition, significant advances have been made in neuroscience concerning the understanding of oscillatory brain activities with EEG. This article reviews main findings of EEG abnormalities in PD and Stroke patients performed in last few decades. This abnormal relationship is highly evident in assisting the affected people disorders and behaviors, such as depression, suicide, emotional deficits, aggression etc. Further studies in this field could benefit from new technological improvements in data acquisition, accuracy of differential diagnosis and early detection of disorders are proposed which helps in better understanding of normal and disturbed brain networks.
{"title":"EEG dynamics in neurological disorders: Parkinson's disease and stroke","authors":"Yuvaraj Ramachandran Muthulakshmi, M. Murugappan, K. Sundaraj","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518606","url":null,"abstract":"The electroencephalogram (EEG) signals provide oscillatory dynamics and valuable information about brain function. In fact, this permits the detection of changes in neurological state which are especially useful in the limited clinical examinations. Perhaps, the close relationship of EEG metabolism with cerebral blood flow enables EEG to be useful in the sensitive evaluation of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson disease (PD) and Stroke. In addition, significant advances have been made in neuroscience concerning the understanding of oscillatory brain activities with EEG. This article reviews main findings of EEG abnormalities in PD and Stroke patients performed in last few decades. This abnormal relationship is highly evident in assisting the affected people disorders and behaviors, such as depression, suicide, emotional deficits, aggression etc. Further studies in this field could benefit from new technological improvements in data acquisition, accuracy of differential diagnosis and early detection of disorders are proposed which helps in better understanding of normal and disturbed brain networks.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128767694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518639
K. Pillai, H. King, C. Ozansoy
This paper introduces a Hierarchy model to develop and simulate Digital Habitat ecosystem Architecture (DHEA). A Digital Ecosystem (DE) is an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) system, which includes an open and a loosely coupled network of self-organizing ICT nodes and links. Advances in DE technology, an emerging research area, promise new approaches for controlling, monitoring, and managing the use and reuse of resources in built environments. However, the use of DE technology is currently limited to application in business enterprise networks as Open Source Environment (OSE). There are many network communication challenges because of this OSE i.e. advanced smart home devices are open source devices which can communicate via Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and are facing some networking traffic delays. Many research and development challenges exist, and must be addressed before this technology can be scaled to, and applied in built environments. The objective of this paper is to describe the hierarchy model of the smart home environment using a DE concept, and explain how the smart home devices communicate according to their node set up.
{"title":"Hierarchy model to develop and simulate Digital Habitat Ecosystem Architecture","authors":"K. Pillai, H. King, C. Ozansoy","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518639","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a Hierarchy model to develop and simulate Digital Habitat ecosystem Architecture (DHEA). A Digital Ecosystem (DE) is an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) system, which includes an open and a loosely coupled network of self-organizing ICT nodes and links. Advances in DE technology, an emerging research area, promise new approaches for controlling, monitoring, and managing the use and reuse of resources in built environments. However, the use of DE technology is currently limited to application in business enterprise networks as Open Source Environment (OSE). There are many network communication challenges because of this OSE i.e. advanced smart home devices are open source devices which can communicate via Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and are facing some networking traffic delays. Many research and development challenges exist, and must be addressed before this technology can be scaled to, and applied in built environments. The objective of this paper is to describe the hierarchy model of the smart home environment using a DE concept, and explain how the smart home devices communicate according to their node set up.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125998914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518630
N. Hussain, N. M. Nor, M. F. Abdullah, K. Ashraf, Z. A. Baloch, S. K. Bizanjo
Medium voltage (MV) cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated power cables are being used in electrical power distribution system networks throughout the world. Deterioration like voids, cracks, delimitation, protrusions and contaminants in the cable insulation may initiate water tree, electrical tree and partial discharge. Water treeing is the main cause of insulation failure in MV power cables. The nonlinear dielectric response of water tree generates harmonics in the AC loss current. This paper presents a detailed study of the characterization of XLPE cable insulation. The morphological study of XLPE cable samples has been carried out by using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the chemical analysis has been carried out by using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The MATLAB/SIMULINK program has been used to model and simulate degradation in the power cable due to water tree. This model is simulated with supply frequencies at 50 Hz, 100 Hz and 150 Hz. The 3rd harmonic current has been recorded from the total current flowing through the cable insulation. The generated harmonics have a good relationship with degradation caused by water tree.
{"title":"The nonlinear dielectric response of water tree degradation in a medium voltage power cable","authors":"N. Hussain, N. M. Nor, M. F. Abdullah, K. Ashraf, Z. A. Baloch, S. K. Bizanjo","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518630","url":null,"abstract":"Medium voltage (MV) cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated power cables are being used in electrical power distribution system networks throughout the world. Deterioration like voids, cracks, delimitation, protrusions and contaminants in the cable insulation may initiate water tree, electrical tree and partial discharge. Water treeing is the main cause of insulation failure in MV power cables. The nonlinear dielectric response of water tree generates harmonics in the AC loss current. This paper presents a detailed study of the characterization of XLPE cable insulation. The morphological study of XLPE cable samples has been carried out by using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the chemical analysis has been carried out by using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The MATLAB/SIMULINK program has been used to model and simulate degradation in the power cable due to water tree. This model is simulated with supply frequencies at 50 Hz, 100 Hz and 150 Hz. The 3rd harmonic current has been recorded from the total current flowing through the cable insulation. The generated harmonics have a good relationship with degradation caused by water tree.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128160510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518634
N. S. M. Nazar, M. Abdullah, M. Y. Hassan, F. Hussin
Demand Response (DR) refers to short-term changes by customers in their accustomed electric consumption patterns to reduce or shift electrical load over time. It allows customer participation in reducing electricity consumption during peak hour period. The main requirement for DR is time-based electricity pricing such as Time of Use (ToU) pricing or Real Time Pricing (RTP). TOU pricing provides customers with different electricity rates/tariff for different blocks of time in the 24 hour period. Whereas RTP offers the price that fluctuates hourly, that reflects the hourly electricity market price. The key success of DR program in any country depends on the proper time-based pricing model that is influenced by the structure of the electricity industry. For monopolized electricity market structure like in Malaysia, applying time-based pricing would be difficult due to the non-existence of electricity market price. The utility needs to consider their cost of generating electricity on time/hourly basis in setting the right price signal to DR programs. This paper compares the two pricing scheme by using a simple test system that relates the cost of electricity generation. The strengths and weaknesses of the two schemes under monopolized electricity structure will be highlighted and discussed.
{"title":"Time-based electricity pricing for Demand Response implementation in monopolized electricity market","authors":"N. S. M. Nazar, M. Abdullah, M. Y. Hassan, F. Hussin","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518634","url":null,"abstract":"Demand Response (DR) refers to short-term changes by customers in their accustomed electric consumption patterns to reduce or shift electrical load over time. It allows customer participation in reducing electricity consumption during peak hour period. The main requirement for DR is time-based electricity pricing such as Time of Use (ToU) pricing or Real Time Pricing (RTP). TOU pricing provides customers with different electricity rates/tariff for different blocks of time in the 24 hour period. Whereas RTP offers the price that fluctuates hourly, that reflects the hourly electricity market price. The key success of DR program in any country depends on the proper time-based pricing model that is influenced by the structure of the electricity industry. For monopolized electricity market structure like in Malaysia, applying time-based pricing would be difficult due to the non-existence of electricity market price. The utility needs to consider their cost of generating electricity on time/hourly basis in setting the right price signal to DR programs. This paper compares the two pricing scheme by using a simple test system that relates the cost of electricity generation. The strengths and weaknesses of the two schemes under monopolized electricity structure will be highlighted and discussed.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132321823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518620
R. A. Hamzah, S. Abd Ghani, A. Kadmin, K. Aziz
This paper presents a method of camera calibration of stereo pair for stereo vision application. The method is using Jean-Yves Bouguet tool which produces the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of stereo pair. The data of calibration will be used in image rectification between two images. Then the rectified image will go through the block matching process. The block matching technique is briefly described with the performance of its output. The disparity mapping is generated by the algorithm with the reference to the left image coordinate. The algorithm uses Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) which is developed using Matlab software.
提出了一种用于立体视觉应用的摄像机立体对标定方法。该方法利用Jean-Yves bouget工具生成立体副的内在参数和外在参数。校正后的数据将用于两幅图像之间的图像校正。然后将校正后的图像进行块匹配处理。简要介绍了块匹配技术及其输出性能。该算法以左侧图像坐标为参照，生成视差映射。该算法采用绝对差和算法(Sum of Absolute difference, SAD)，该算法是用Matlab软件开发的。
{"title":"A practical method for camera calibration in stereo vision mobile robot navigation","authors":"R. A. Hamzah, S. Abd Ghani, A. Kadmin, K. Aziz","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518620","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method of camera calibration of stereo pair for stereo vision application. The method is using Jean-Yves Bouguet tool which produces the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of stereo pair. The data of calibration will be used in image rectification between two images. Then the rectified image will go through the block matching process. The block matching technique is briefly described with the performance of its output. The disparity mapping is generated by the algorithm with the reference to the left image coordinate. The algorithm uses Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) which is developed using Matlab software.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115350005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518619
M. F. Ismail, Y. M. Sam, K. Peng, M. K. Aripin, N. Hamzah, M. H. C. Hasan
The composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control technique is successfully applied to design the controller based on control law for an active suspension system. The CNF control law is composed of a linear control law and a nonlinear feedback part. The main idea of CNF is to design the linear control law with a low damping-ratio to achieve fast rising time and to design the nonlinear feedback part to result in a high damping-ratio to remove the overshoot caused by the linear control law when the system controlled output approached the reference. Such the CNF control laws can improve the tracking and regulating performances of the resulting closed-loop systems. The active suspension system is hierarchically divided into two subsystems with the system transformation based on the system structural properties at first and then the CNF control laws are designed for the two subsystems each One of the CNF control laws is designed for tracking control and the other is designed against the mismatching disturbance. The complete control law is made by combining the two CNF control laws and the system transformation. The simulation results show that CNF controller is better than LQR controller and passive model. The computer simulation is done to prove the CNF control performance.
{"title":"A linear model of quarter car active suspension system using composite nonlinear feedback control","authors":"M. F. Ismail, Y. M. Sam, K. Peng, M. K. Aripin, N. Hamzah, M. H. C. Hasan","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518619","url":null,"abstract":"The composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control technique is successfully applied to design the controller based on control law for an active suspension system. The CNF control law is composed of a linear control law and a nonlinear feedback part. The main idea of CNF is to design the linear control law with a low damping-ratio to achieve fast rising time and to design the nonlinear feedback part to result in a high damping-ratio to remove the overshoot caused by the linear control law when the system controlled output approached the reference. Such the CNF control laws can improve the tracking and regulating performances of the resulting closed-loop systems. The active suspension system is hierarchically divided into two subsystems with the system transformation based on the system structural properties at first and then the CNF control laws are designed for the two subsystems each One of the CNF control laws is designed for tracking control and the other is designed against the mismatching disturbance. The complete control law is made by combining the two CNF control laws and the system transformation. The simulation results show that CNF controller is better than LQR controller and passive model. The computer simulation is done to prove the CNF control performance.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"36 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113958312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518602
M. F. Nejad, M. Radzi, M. Kadir, H. Hizam
Traditional power systems for remote or rural areas are based on fossil fuels. After implementation of renewable energy (RE) resources, solar energy applications have become popular in remote energy systems. The recent research works show that the combination of some other RE resources such as wind and hydro could make a power system more cost-effective and environmental friendly. Besides that, hybrid renewable energy systems for rural electrifications have grown rapidly in recent years. In the present study, an overview of applied HRESs for rural areas is presented to help present and future works in this field. Hence, a large number of papers was reviewed and analyzed. The findings show that the proper HRES in general for villages in equatorial countries is PV-wind based system.
{"title":"Hybrid renewable energy systems in remote areas of equatorial countries","authors":"M. F. Nejad, M. Radzi, M. Kadir, H. Hizam","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518602","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional power systems for remote or rural areas are based on fossil fuels. After implementation of renewable energy (RE) resources, solar energy applications have become popular in remote energy systems. The recent research works show that the combination of some other RE resources such as wind and hydro could make a power system more cost-effective and environmental friendly. Besides that, hybrid renewable energy systems for rural electrifications have grown rapidly in recent years. In the present study, an overview of applied HRESs for rural areas is presented to help present and future works in this field. Hence, a large number of papers was reviewed and analyzed. The findings show that the proper HRES in general for villages in equatorial countries is PV-wind based system.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129541548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518603
Abu Raihan Mohammad Siddique, Mohammad Abdul Hakim Raihan, Asif Al Faisal, T. H. Asif
Because of the environmental pollution problems and the economic benefits of fuel savings, there has been a growing interest in the renewable energy, especially wind energy power systems. There are still many unsolved challenges in expanding wind power, and there are numerous problems of interest to systems control researchers. The amount of energy obtained from a wind energy conversion system (WECS) depends not only on the characteristics of the wind regime at the site, but it also depends on the control strategy used for the WECS. In order to get the maximum power from the wind, the variable-speed wind turbine should run at different speed when wind speed changes. In this paper modeling and control scheme of the efficient mathematical methods are introduced. Models of several autonomous WECS have been developed using Matlab Simulink software. These allow easy performance evaluations and comparisons on different control strategies used in WECS.
{"title":"Analysis of mathematical modeling of different control strategies for variable speed control in wind energy conversion system (WECS)","authors":"Abu Raihan Mohammad Siddique, Mohammad Abdul Hakim Raihan, Asif Al Faisal, T. H. Asif","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518603","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the environmental pollution problems and the economic benefits of fuel savings, there has been a growing interest in the renewable energy, especially wind energy power systems. There are still many unsolved challenges in expanding wind power, and there are numerous problems of interest to systems control researchers. The amount of energy obtained from a wind energy conversion system (WECS) depends not only on the characteristics of the wind regime at the site, but it also depends on the control strategy used for the WECS. In order to get the maximum power from the wind, the variable-speed wind turbine should run at different speed when wind speed changes. In this paper modeling and control scheme of the efficient mathematical methods are introduced. Models of several autonomous WECS have been developed using Matlab Simulink software. These allow easy performance evaluations and comparisons on different control strategies used in WECS.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128290083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518635
N. F. Hamidi, M. Abdullah, M. Y. Hassan, F. Hussin
In Malaysia, medium voltage commercial consumers are charged with two tariffs; i) total electricity consumption in kWh and ii) maximum demand in kW. To reduce their monthly electricity bill, the consumer can reduce their electricity consumption by replacing their current electrical equipment with energy saving ones. This strategy is known as retrofitting, which requires financial investment. Another strategy that is costless and can be effective is load shifting. It can minimize the maximum demand charge by simply shifting the consumption into another period. This paper evaluates the two strategies in terms of their ability in reducing the electricity bill of commercial consumer (C1 type) under Malaysia electricity tariff structure. The two strategies are tested on practical electricity consumption data of selected buildings in Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
{"title":"Load shifting and retrofitting strategy for reducing electricity bill","authors":"N. F. Hamidi, M. Abdullah, M. Y. Hassan, F. Hussin","doi":"10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCORED.2012.6518635","url":null,"abstract":"In Malaysia, medium voltage commercial consumers are charged with two tariffs; i) total electricity consumption in kWh and ii) maximum demand in kW. To reduce their monthly electricity bill, the consumer can reduce their electricity consumption by replacing their current electrical equipment with energy saving ones. This strategy is known as retrofitting, which requires financial investment. Another strategy that is costless and can be effective is load shifting. It can minimize the maximum demand charge by simply shifting the consumption into another period. This paper evaluates the two strategies in terms of their ability in reducing the electricity bill of commercial consumer (C1 type) under Malaysia electricity tariff structure. The two strategies are tested on practical electricity consumption data of selected buildings in Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":299947,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129913751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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