{"title":"Samnordisk reinforskningskonferanse, Hemavan 1981: Tap av rein","authors":"Sven Skjenneberg","doi":"10.7557/2.2.1-APP.448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.2.1-APP.448","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71325963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forfatterne skisserer strategier for a begrense tap ved a oke drektighetsprosenten og redusere det tidlige kalvetapet.
作者们正在限制策略，通过实现怀孕过程和减少早期感冒猴子来限制损失。
{"title":"Kalvetap fra en ny synsvinkel","authors":"Dag Lenvik, Ole Granefjell, Johannes Tamnes","doi":"10.7557/2.2.1-APP.443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.2.1-APP.443","url":null,"abstract":"Forfatterne skisserer strategier for a begrense tap ved a oke drektighetsprosenten og redusere det tidlige kalvetapet.","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"2 1","pages":"62-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71325770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foredraget tar for seg flere undersokelser om fallrein og gar saerskilt gjennom den som ble foretatt i Umbyn 1974 - 1980. Telemetri brukt for fra sommeren 1979. Erfaringen tilsier at "vi med denna soketeknik for in fallreinsdiagnostiken i ett nytt skede"
{"title":"Biotelemetri - bättre fallrensdiagnoser?","authors":"M. Nordkvist","doi":"10.7557/2.2.1-APP.446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.2.1-APP.446","url":null,"abstract":"Foredraget tar for seg flere undersokelser om fallrein og gar saerskilt gjennom den som ble foretatt i Umbyn 1974 - 1980. Telemetri brukt for fra sommeren 1979. Erfaringen tilsier at \"vi med denna soketeknik for in fallreinsdiagnostiken i ett nytt skede\"","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"2 1","pages":"89-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71325784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arne Rognmo, Karl Annar Markussen, Endre Jacobsen, Arnoldus Schytte Blix
Forsokene (viste) at tilleggsforing av underernaerte simler i siste del av drektighetsperioden kun synes a ha effekt pa fodselsvekten for kalvene forutsatt at simlene far hoyverdig ernaering etter kalving. Den forskjellige ernaeringsbakgrunn for kalving synes saledes ikke a innvirke pa melkeproduksjon/kvalitet, da vektutviklingen for alle grupper av kalver i dette forsoket gikk parallelt i de tre forste ukene etter kalving. Det ble heller ikke pa noe punkt funnet signifikante forskjeller gruppene imellom nar det gjelder kalvenes klimatiske toleranse. Det er dog bemerkelsesverdig at det var stor dodelighet blant de sma kalvene etter unge sma simler i GRUPPE L. Dette funn er interessant sett i sammenheng med resultatene fra Roros (se bidrag fra Dag Lenvik, side ) som viser at avkastningen fra en flokk kan okes markant om man konsentrerte slakteuttaket pa sma kalver og forhindrer bedekning av sma, unge simler gjennom fjerning av eldre, store bukker. Med det forbehold at vare forsok er utfort pa dyr i innhegning med et lavt aktivitetsniva, kan man fra vare forsok forelopig konkludere med at tillegsfor ing av simler i siste halvdel av drektighetsperioden har effekt pa kalvenes fodselsvekt, men at vektutviklingen for kalven er uavhengig av simlenes ernaeringshistorie, om sistnevnte tilbys hoyverdig ernaering etter kalving. Da sma kalver etter underernaerte simler viste hoy dodelighet like etter fodselen, vil imidlertid tilleggsforing kunne oke avkastningen om det er mange unge simler i flokken. Resultatene fra Roros tyder imidlertid pa at dette resultat normalt kan oppnas uten ekstra omkostninger gjennom et selektivt slakteuttak.
{"title":"Betydningen av drektige reinsimlers ernæring for kalvers vekst, klimatiske toleranse og overlevelse","authors":"Arne Rognmo, Karl Annar Markussen, Endre Jacobsen, Arnoldus Schytte Blix","doi":"10.7557/2.2.1-APP.447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.2.1-APP.447","url":null,"abstract":"Forsokene (viste) at tilleggsforing av underernaerte simler i siste del av drektighetsperioden kun synes a ha effekt pa fodselsvekten for kalvene forutsatt at simlene far hoyverdig ernaering etter kalving. Den forskjellige ernaeringsbakgrunn for kalving synes saledes ikke a innvirke pa melkeproduksjon/kvalitet, da vektutviklingen for alle grupper av kalver i dette forsoket gikk parallelt i de tre forste ukene etter kalving. Det ble heller ikke pa noe punkt funnet signifikante forskjeller gruppene imellom nar det gjelder kalvenes klimatiske toleranse. Det er dog bemerkelsesverdig at det var stor dodelighet blant de sma kalvene etter unge sma simler i GRUPPE L. Dette funn er interessant sett i sammenheng med resultatene fra Roros (se bidrag fra Dag Lenvik, side ) som viser at avkastningen fra en flokk kan okes markant om man konsentrerte slakteuttaket pa sma kalver og forhindrer bedekning av sma, unge simler gjennom fjerning av eldre, store bukker. Med det forbehold at vare forsok er utfort pa dyr i innhegning med et lavt aktivitetsniva, kan man fra vare forsok forelopig konkludere med at tillegsfor ing av simler i siste halvdel av drektighetsperioden har effekt pa kalvenes fodselsvekt, men at vektutviklingen for kalven er uavhengig av simlenes ernaeringshistorie, om sistnevnte tilbys hoyverdig ernaering etter kalving. Da sma kalver etter underernaerte simler viste hoy dodelighet like etter fodselen, vil imidlertid tilleggsforing kunne oke avkastningen om det er mange unge simler i flokken. Resultatene fra Roros tyder imidlertid pa at dette resultat normalt kan oppnas uten ekstra omkostninger gjennom et selektivt slakteuttak.","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"2 1","pages":"102-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71325955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A large number of semi-domesticated reindeer is lost every year. Predators are the single most important factor for these losses, whereas restrictions on food availability some years also may cause high mortality. In the past, reindeer herding was challenged by severe infectious diseases, killing hundreds and thousands of animals, and having huge economic and social impact on reindeer herding in Fennoscandia. The general zoo-sanitary situation in Fennoscandia is very favourable for the time being, but reindeer herding is sometimes challenged by disease outbreaks, and diseases play an important role for survival and fitness of reindeer. Reindeer herding is also facing changes and challenges, which also may impact reindeer health and the disease status. Introduction of infectious agents not commonly present in the reindeer population may take place through import of animals, as well as by contact between reindeer, livestock and wildlife. Further, changes in the herding, such as increased feeding, transport, size of herds, animal density and stress load on the animals, may affect the animals ability to cope with infectious diseases. Also changes in weather conditions and climate, such as increased precipitation and mean temperature, may over time lead to restricted availability of pastures, changes in vegetation and changed conditions for parasites and insect vectors. These changes might be especially important for the reproductive success, including fitness of the calves during their first winter. To be able to cope with these changes and their potential impact on reindeer health, increased efforts should be made to gather reference data on health and disease parameters from the different reindeer herding districts, along with epidemiological risk factor analysis. This would increase the ability for the reindeer herding to cope with changes and to continue to produce quality meat products for the market.
{"title":"Are we facing new health challenges and diseases in reindeer in Fennoscandia","authors":"M. Tryland","doi":"10.7557/2.32.1.2279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.32.1.2279","url":null,"abstract":"A large number of semi-domesticated reindeer is lost every year. Predators are the single most important factor for these losses, whereas restrictions on food availability some years also may cause high mortality. In the past, reindeer herding was challenged by severe infectious diseases, killing hundreds and thousands of animals, and having huge economic and social impact on reindeer herding in Fennoscandia. The general zoo-sanitary situation in Fennoscandia is very favourable for the time being, but reindeer herding is sometimes challenged by disease outbreaks, and diseases play an important role for survival and fitness of reindeer. Reindeer herding is also facing changes and challenges, which also may impact reindeer health and the disease status. Introduction of infectious agents not commonly present in the reindeer population may take place through import of animals, as well as by contact between reindeer, livestock and wildlife. Further, changes in the herding, such as increased feeding, transport, size of herds, animal density and stress load on the animals, may affect the animals ability to cope with infectious diseases. Also changes in weather conditions and climate, such as increased precipitation and mean temperature, may over time lead to restricted availability of pastures, changes in vegetation and changed conditions for parasites and insect vectors. These changes might be especially important for the reproductive success, including fitness of the calves during their first winter. To be able to cope with these changes and their potential impact on reindeer health, increased efforts should be made to gather reference data on health and disease parameters from the different reindeer herding districts, along with epidemiological risk factor analysis. This would increase the ability for the reindeer herding to cope with changes and to continue to produce quality meat products for the market.","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"32 1","pages":"35-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71330237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Petrov, A. Pestereva, L. A. Kolpashchikov, V. Mikhailov
This report presents preliminary results of mapping and analyzing wild reindeer spatial dynamics in Taimyr, Russia. We collected, spatially referenced, and systematized comprehensive aerial and land survey information spanning from 1969 to 2003, which is the most complete long-term data available about a wild reindeer herd in Eurasia. The report introduces some of the mapping products and presents a summary of our observations on spatiotemporal changes in reindeer distribution and migration. Using these data and new digital products in the GIS (Geographic Information Systems) environment, we were able to observe the long-term shift of the Taimyr Reindeer Herd's summer, winter, and calving areas to the east and south with a simultaneous expansion of the habitat. We identified and confirmed locations of large reindeer concentrations (herds) seasonally formed throughout the study period. Using the most recent summer survey data (2009) we also were able to confirm the existence of two major migration flows in the fall: eastern (most reindeer) and western.
{"title":"Mapping long-term spatial trends of the Taimyr wild reindeer population.","authors":"A. Petrov, A. Pestereva, L. A. Kolpashchikov, V. Mikhailov","doi":"10.7557/2.32.1.2364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.32.1.2364","url":null,"abstract":"This report presents preliminary results of mapping and analyzing wild reindeer spatial dynamics in Taimyr, Russia. We collected, spatially referenced, and systematized comprehensive aerial and land survey information spanning from 1969 to 2003, which is the most complete long-term data available about a wild reindeer herd in Eurasia. The report introduces some of the mapping products and presents a summary of our observations on spatiotemporal changes in reindeer distribution and migration. Using these data and new digital products in the GIS (Geographic Information Systems) environment, we were able to observe the long-term shift of the Taimyr Reindeer Herd's summer, winter, and calving areas to the east and south with a simultaneous expansion of the habitat. We identified and confirmed locations of large reindeer concentrations (herds) seasonally formed throughout the study period. Using the most recent summer survey data (2009) we also were able to confirm the existence of two major migration flows in the fall: eastern (most reindeer) and western.","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"32 1","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71330283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A report by Professor Thomas Bartholin on the dissection of a reindeer performed in 1672 by his former student Niels Stensen as Royal Anatomist in Copenhagen is presented in English translation with biographical introduction and bibliographical notes. The report is most likely the first of its kind being an early contribution to comparative anatomy.
{"title":"Anatomy of a reindeer dissected in Copenhagen in 1672 by Niels Stensen as reported by Thomas Bartholin. I. Introduction by Troels Kardel. II. Translation by Paul Maquet","authors":"T. Kardel, P. Maquet","doi":"10.7557/2.32.1.2363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.32.1.2363","url":null,"abstract":"A report by Professor Thomas Bartholin on the dissection of a reindeer performed in 1672 by his former student Niels Stensen as Royal Anatomist in Copenhagen is presented in English translation with biographical introduction and bibliographical notes. The report is most likely the first of its kind being an early contribution to comparative anatomy.","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"32 1","pages":"49-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71330247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyses trends in domesticated reindeer numbers at the federal, regional, and local levels based on official statistics and interviews with herders in different northern districts across Russia. During the second half of the last century, the domesticated reindeer population in Russia shifted dramatically from a maximum of 2.5 million head to a minimum of 1.2. The most important trends were connected to changes in social and economic conditions linked to government directives. Post-Soviet reforms in the 1990s resulted in a nearly 50% reduction in the total number of domesticated reindeer. However in some regions, these political events had the opposite effect. The contrast was due to the abilities of herders to adapt to the new conditions. A detailed analysis of these adaptations reveals an important difference between reindeer-holding enterprises with common ownership (i.e. kolkhozes, sovkhozes, municipal enterprises, etc.) and households with family owned reindeer. The paper concludes that the effect the political context is so large as to conceal the impact of other natural factors on reindeer populations such as climate change. However, a gradual increase of reindeer populations in the north-eastern part of Russia in the 1960s can be associated with changes in atmospheric circulation patterns.
{"title":"Changes in reindeer population numbers in Russia: an effect of the political context or of climate?","authors":"K. Klokov","doi":"10.7557/2.32.1.2234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.32.1.2234","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses trends in domesticated reindeer numbers at the federal, regional, and local levels based on official statistics and interviews with herders in different northern districts across Russia. During the second half of the last century, the domesticated reindeer population in Russia shifted dramatically from a maximum of 2.5 million head to a minimum of 1.2. The most important trends were connected to changes in social and economic conditions linked to government directives. Post-Soviet reforms in the 1990s resulted in a nearly 50% reduction in the total number of domesticated reindeer. However in some regions, these political events had the opposite effect. The contrast was due to the abilities of herders to adapt to the new conditions. A detailed analysis of these adaptations reveals an important difference between reindeer-holding enterprises with common ownership (i.e. kolkhozes, sovkhozes, municipal enterprises, etc.) and households with family owned reindeer. The paper concludes that the effect the political context is so large as to conceal the impact of other natural factors on reindeer populations such as climate change. However, a gradual increase of reindeer populations in the north-eastern part of Russia in the 1960s can be associated with changes in atmospheric circulation patterns.","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"32 1","pages":"19-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71330226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditional knowledge about how reindeer utilize forage resources was expected to be crucial to reindeer herders. Seventeen Sami reindeer herders in four reindeer herding communities in Sweden (“samebyar” in Swedish) were interviewed about plants species considered to be important reindeer food plants in scientific literature. Among 40 plant species, which the informants were asked to identify and indicate whether and when they were grazed by reindeer, they identified a total of 21 plant taxa and five plant groups. They especially recognised species that were used as human food by the Sami themselves, but certain specific forage plants were also identified. Detailed knowledge of vascular plants at the species level was surprisingly general, which may indicate that knowledge of pasture resources in a detailed species level is not of vital importance. This fact is in sharp contradiction to the detailed knowledge that Sami people express for example about reindeer (as an animal) or snow (as physical element). The plausible explanation is that observations of individual plant species are unnecessarily detailed information in large-scale reindeer pastoralism, because the animals graze freely under loose herding and border surveillance.
{"title":"Traditional ecological knowledge among Sami reindeer herders in northern Sweden about vascular plants grazed by reindeer","authors":"B. Inga, Ö. Danell","doi":"10.7557/2.32.1.2233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7557/2.32.1.2233","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional knowledge about how reindeer utilize forage resources was expected to be crucial to reindeer herders. Seventeen Sami reindeer herders in four reindeer herding communities in Sweden (“samebyar” in Swedish) were interviewed about plants species considered to be important reindeer food plants in scientific literature. Among 40 plant species, which the informants were asked to identify and indicate whether and when they were grazed by reindeer, they identified a total of 21 plant taxa and five plant groups. They especially recognised species that were used as human food by the Sami themselves, but certain specific forage plants were also identified. Detailed knowledge of vascular plants at the species level was surprisingly general, which may indicate that knowledge of pasture resources in a detailed species level is not of vital importance. This fact is in sharp contradiction to the detailed knowledge that Sami people express for example about reindeer (as an animal) or snow (as physical element). The plausible explanation is that observations of individual plant species are unnecessarily detailed information in large-scale reindeer pastoralism, because the animals graze freely under loose herding and border surveillance.","PeriodicalId":30034,"journal":{"name":"Rangifer","volume":"32 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71330186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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