Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.8
Y. Uribe Salazar, A. Quintanar Isaías, C. Barbosa Martínez, J. Flores, C.L. Jiménez Sierra
A BSTRACT : Mammillaria parkinsonii is a mexican endemic species protected by NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 in the special category (Pr), thus the present study is a contribution to the knowledge of the morpho-anatomy, histochemistry and germination of Mammillaria parkinsonii seeds from a population in Tolimán, Querétaro which is characterized by a high diversity of cacti. The anatomical and histochemical descriptions were made on 20 randomly selected seeds, which were processed using standard protocols for scanning electron and light microscopy studies and to obtain permanent and semi-permanent slides. For germination study 210 seeds were sown in Petri dishes on agar, using six replicas; weight and size were obtained using 50 seeds randomly selected. The results show that the seed coat is formed by a non-striated cuticle with pectics and proteinaceous substances. The exotesta occupies 6.8% of the total volume of the seed, it has lignified-suberized and protein-containing anticline walls, forming U-type undulations with protrusions. The endotegmen is suberized and an embryonic membrane lacking ergastic contents surrounds the embryo. The endosperm is confined to a dorsal ridge. The embryo is globose, with two cotyledonous protrusions, and the hypocotyl assumes the reserve function with a "globoid crystals/protein bodies" association. The micropylar hilum region is small and oval, filled with parenchyma. Germination started on day 5th and ended on day 29 th , with a mean germination time on day 8.9. The final germination percentage was 74.29%. The age, seed size, crystal and protein reserve as well as germination percentage of the M. parkinsonii suggest a potential orthodox or intermediate behavior to form soil seed banks in a desert habitat.
摘要/ abstract摘要:本研究为墨西哥特有物种parkinsonii(哺乳动物)的特殊分类(Pr) (nom -059- semarna -2010)保护物种，对querimassaro Tolimán仙人掌多样性高的种群中哺乳动物parkinsonii种子的形态解剖、组织化学和萌发进行了研究。对随机选择的20粒种子进行解剖和组织化学描述，使用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜研究的标准方案进行处理，并获得永久和半永久载玻片。在萌发研究中，210颗种子在琼脂培养皿中播种，使用6个副本;随机选择50粒种子，测定其重量和大小。结果表明，种皮是由果胶和蛋白质组成的无条纹角质层。外植体占种子总积的6.8%，外植体具有木质化的、含蛋白质的背斜壁，呈u型波状突起。胚乳被埋没，一层缺乏弹性内容物的胚膜包围着胚胎。胚乳局限于背脊。胚胎呈球形，有两个子叶状突起，下胚轴具有“球状晶体/蛋白体”关联的储备功能。微门门区小而卵圆形，充满薄壁组织。发芽开始于第5天，结束于第29天，平均发芽时间为第8.9天。最终发芽率为74.29%。从年龄、种子大小、结晶度、蛋白质储量、发芽率等方面分析表明，帕金森氏芽孢杆菌具有形成荒漠土壤种子库的正统或中间行为。
{"title":"Morfoanatomía, histoquímica y germinación de las semillas de Mammillaria parkinsonii Ehrenb. (CACTACEAE)","authors":"Y. Uribe Salazar, A. Quintanar Isaías, C. Barbosa Martínez, J. Flores, C.L. Jiménez Sierra","doi":"10.18387/polibotanica.53.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.8","url":null,"abstract":"A BSTRACT : Mammillaria parkinsonii is a mexican endemic species protected by NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 in the special category (Pr), thus the present study is a contribution to the knowledge of the morpho-anatomy, histochemistry and germination of Mammillaria parkinsonii seeds from a population in Tolimán, Querétaro which is characterized by a high diversity of cacti. The anatomical and histochemical descriptions were made on 20 randomly selected seeds, which were processed using standard protocols for scanning electron and light microscopy studies and to obtain permanent and semi-permanent slides. For germination study 210 seeds were sown in Petri dishes on agar, using six replicas; weight and size were obtained using 50 seeds randomly selected. The results show that the seed coat is formed by a non-striated cuticle with pectics and proteinaceous substances. The exotesta occupies 6.8% of the total volume of the seed, it has lignified-suberized and protein-containing anticline walls, forming U-type undulations with protrusions. The endotegmen is suberized and an embryonic membrane lacking ergastic contents surrounds the embryo. The endosperm is confined to a dorsal ridge. The embryo is globose, with two cotyledonous protrusions, and the hypocotyl assumes the reserve function with a \"globoid crystals/protein bodies\" association. The micropylar hilum region is small and oval, filled with parenchyma. Germination started on day 5th and ended on day 29 th , with a mean germination time on day 8.9. The final germination percentage was 74.29%. The age, seed size, crystal and protein reserve as well as germination percentage of the M. parkinsonii suggest a potential orthodox or intermediate behavior to form soil seed banks in a desert habitat.","PeriodicalId":30046,"journal":{"name":"Polibotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44377510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.6
R.T. Tapiaez, J.M. Peñaloza Ramírez, A. P. Olvera, A.L. Albarran Lara, K. Oyama
{"title":"Diversidad genética y estructura genética de Capsicum annuum L., de poblaciones silvestres, de traspatio y cultivadas en un ambiente heterogéneo en Oaxaca, México","authors":"R.T. Tapiaez, J.M. Peñaloza Ramírez, A. P. Olvera, A.L. Albarran Lara, K. Oyama","doi":"10.18387/polibotanica.53.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30046,"journal":{"name":"Polibotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45693066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.3
V.H. Villarreal Villagrán, J. S. Muruaga Martínez, Ma. Luisa Patricia Vargas Vázquez, N. Mayek Pérez, S. Hernández Delgado
maximum likelihood, Bayesian analysis of posterior probabilities). The results indicated that the Phaseolus genus is a monophyletic group that is subdivided into two main lineages: a first clade formed by P. pluriflorus , P. esperanzae , P. pedicellatus , P. microcarpus , P. glabellus , P. oligospermus , P. gladiolatus , P. zimapanensis , and P. albiviolaceus ; and a second clade that includes P. filiformis , P. acutifolius , P. vulgaris , P. coccineus , P. macvaughii , P. leptostachyus , P. lunatus , P. maculatus , P. maculatifolius , and P. rotundatus . The topology of the subclades was in general agreement with the topology for Phaseolus recognized to date. Of the species not previously studied, P. albiviolaceus belongs to the Pedicellatus group according to its morphology, but here it was located at Tuerckheimii group; P. maculatifolius and P. rotundatus were included in the Polystachios group. The ancestral clade of the Phaseolus species showed an age of 4.95 M.a. and the diversification of the two main clades exhibited similar age (3.8 M.a). The divergence between P. albiviolaceus and P. zimapanensis was 0.07 M.a. while between P. rotundatus and P. maculatifolius it was 0.31 M.a.
{"title":"Relaciones filogenéticas de especies de Phaseolus de México con base en marcadores de ADN cloroplástico","authors":"V.H. Villarreal Villagrán, J. S. Muruaga Martínez, Ma. Luisa Patricia Vargas Vázquez, N. Mayek Pérez, S. Hernández Delgado","doi":"10.18387/polibotanica.53.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.3","url":null,"abstract":"maximum likelihood, Bayesian analysis of posterior probabilities). The results indicated that the Phaseolus genus is a monophyletic group that is subdivided into two main lineages: a first clade formed by P. pluriflorus , P. esperanzae , P. pedicellatus , P. microcarpus , P. glabellus , P. oligospermus , P. gladiolatus , P. zimapanensis , and P. albiviolaceus ; and a second clade that includes P. filiformis , P. acutifolius , P. vulgaris , P. coccineus , P. macvaughii , P. leptostachyus , P. lunatus , P. maculatus , P. maculatifolius , and P. rotundatus . The topology of the subclades was in general agreement with the topology for Phaseolus recognized to date. Of the species not previously studied, P. albiviolaceus belongs to the Pedicellatus group according to its morphology, but here it was located at Tuerckheimii group; P. maculatifolius and P. rotundatus were included in the Polystachios group. The ancestral clade of the Phaseolus species showed an age of 4.95 M.a. and the diversification of the two main clades exhibited similar age (3.8 M.a). The divergence between P. albiviolaceus and P. zimapanensis was 0.07 M.a. while between P. rotundatus and P. maculatifolius it was 0.31 M.a.","PeriodicalId":30046,"journal":{"name":"Polibotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42805984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.14
A.E. Gutiérrez Calvo, A. Gutiérrez Estrada, C.L. Miceli Méndez, M.A. López Miceli
the results of this research showed that the strains have the ability to stimulate positively the growth Z. mays .
研究结果表明，该菌株对玉米生长具有正向刺激作用。
{"title":"Efectos de Bacillus subtilis cepas GBO3 y IN937b en el crecimiento de maíz (Zea mays L.)","authors":"A.E. Gutiérrez Calvo, A. Gutiérrez Estrada, C.L. Miceli Méndez, M.A. López Miceli","doi":"10.18387/polibotanica.53.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.14","url":null,"abstract":"the results of this research showed that the strains have the ability to stimulate positively the growth Z. mays .","PeriodicalId":30046,"journal":{"name":"Polibotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47982927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.16
J. M. Martínez López, N.G. Molina Luna, S. Rangel Landa, C. Aquino Vázquez, A. Acosta Ramos
indices were estimated. The cultural importance of each species was estimated using the values of the first principal component as an indicator. There were 122 species in Capulálpam de Mendez and 128 in Santa María Jaltianguis that provide non-timber forest resources NTFR, with 166 species in total classified in 66 botanical families and 84 species shared between both communities. In the first village, the plant of greater cultural importance was Clinopodium macrostemum , for the second village the most important plant was Prunus serotina . The species of lower value were Calendula officinalis, Erythrina americana, No identificada 2 , Piper auritum, Portulaca sp . and Rosmarinus officinalis for the first village, and Aloysia sp. and Datura stramonium for the second. The results demonstrated the diversity of useful wild plants and their cultural value in two rural communities.
对指标进行估计。利用第一主成分的值作为指标，估计每个物种的文化重要性。在Capulálpam de Mendez和Santa María Jaltianguis分别有122种和128种提供非木材林资源NTFR，其中66科166种，两种共有84种。在第一个村庄，具有较大文化重要性的植物是大茎草(Clinopodium macrostemum)，在第二个村庄，最重要的植物是李(Prunus servtina)。价值较低的种有金盏菊、美洲赤藓、No identificada 2、金盏花、马齿苋。第一个村是迷迭香，第二个村是曼陀罗。结果表明，两个农村社区有用野生植物的多样性及其文化价值。
{"title":"Valor cultural de los recursos forestales no maderables en comunidades zapotecas de la Sierra Juárez de Oaxaca","authors":"J. M. Martínez López, N.G. Molina Luna, S. Rangel Landa, C. Aquino Vázquez, A. Acosta Ramos","doi":"10.18387/polibotanica.53.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.16","url":null,"abstract":"indices were estimated. The cultural importance of each species was estimated using the values of the first principal component as an indicator. There were 122 species in Capulálpam de Mendez and 128 in Santa María Jaltianguis that provide non-timber forest resources NTFR, with 166 species in total classified in 66 botanical families and 84 species shared between both communities. In the first village, the plant of greater cultural importance was Clinopodium macrostemum , for the second village the most important plant was Prunus serotina . The species of lower value were Calendula officinalis, Erythrina americana, No identificada 2 , Piper auritum, Portulaca sp . and Rosmarinus officinalis for the first village, and Aloysia sp. and Datura stramonium for the second. The results demonstrated the diversity of useful wild plants and their cultural value in two rural communities.","PeriodicalId":30046,"journal":{"name":"Polibotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42245011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.13
V. Flores, L. G. Gómez Rodríguez, J. Á. López García, J. Grajales Conesa
frutos cacao cualquier de fenológico, más susceptibles a la infección los recién formados que son denominados estado infantil. La presencia de frutos de cacao enfermos en las primeras cuatro semanas de desarrollo, hace que el proceso de infección se realiza en la etapa de amarre del fruto. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el mecanismo de formación de frutos enfermos por infección de ovarios de flores de frutos de Theobroma cacao de forma endógena por el patógeno y evaluar el efecto antifúngico del extracto de polen maduro e inmaduro de flor de cacao. La investigación se realizó en una plantación de cacao tipo trinitario de la variedad Costa Rica. Se inocularon (con una solución de 1x10 6 conidios mL -1 ) ovarios de flores de cacao antes de efectuar la polinización de forma manual. Después del amarre del fruto, las evaluaciones fueron cada tercer día extraction of mature and immature pollen was carried out and bioassays against M. roreri were carried out. The presence of symptoms was found at the third week of development of the infected fruits. The antimicrobial effect was observed more in the alcoholic extract corresponding to beige pollen than yellow. This study provides information to understand the presence of diseased fruits in the first three weeks of the infant stage and to elucidate the infection process of M. roreri in cocoa flowers.
可可果实任何物候，更容易感染的新形成的称为婴儿状态。受感染的可可果实在发育的前四周出现，导致感染过程发生在果实的系带阶段。本研究的目的是确定病原菌内源性感染可可树果实卵巢的病果形成机制，并评价可可花成熟和未成熟花粉提取物的抗真菌作用。本研究的目的是评估在哥斯达黎加种植的三trinitario型可可。在本研究中，我们研究了在不同条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下，在不同的条件下。果实系泊后，每第三天进行一次评估，提取成熟和未成熟花粉，并进行抗roreri M.的生物测定。在场symptoms was found at The third week of development of The infected水果。这首歌在美国公告牌百强单曲榜上排名第二，在英国单曲榜上排名第三，在英国单曲榜上排名第四。这项研究提供了信息，以了解在婴儿阶段的前三周是否存在病果，并阐明可可花中roreri M.的感染过程。
{"title":"Mecanismos de infección endógena en frutos de cacao con Moniliophthora roreri","authors":"V. Flores, L. G. Gómez Rodríguez, J. Á. López García, J. Grajales Conesa","doi":"10.18387/polibotanica.53.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.13","url":null,"abstract":"frutos cacao cualquier de fenológico, más susceptibles a la infección los recién formados que son denominados estado infantil. La presencia de frutos de cacao enfermos en las primeras cuatro semanas de desarrollo, hace que el proceso de infección se realiza en la etapa de amarre del fruto. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el mecanismo de formación de frutos enfermos por infección de ovarios de flores de frutos de Theobroma cacao de forma endógena por el patógeno y evaluar el efecto antifúngico del extracto de polen maduro e inmaduro de flor de cacao. La investigación se realizó en una plantación de cacao tipo trinitario de la variedad Costa Rica. Se inocularon (con una solución de 1x10 6 conidios mL -1 ) ovarios de flores de cacao antes de efectuar la polinización de forma manual. Después del amarre del fruto, las evaluaciones fueron cada tercer día extraction of mature and immature pollen was carried out and bioassays against M. roreri were carried out. The presence of symptoms was found at the third week of development of the infected fruits. The antimicrobial effect was observed more in the alcoholic extract corresponding to beige pollen than yellow. This study provides information to understand the presence of diseased fruits in the first three weeks of the infant stage and to elucidate the infection process of M. roreri in cocoa flowers.","PeriodicalId":30046,"journal":{"name":"Polibotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48718266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.2
C.I. Briceño Santiago, J. Cano Sosa, A.L. Ramos Díaz, R. Noriega Trejo, D.I. Couoh May
{"title":"Estudio de la flora presente en apiarios de tres municipios en el estado de Yucatán, México","authors":"C.I. Briceño Santiago, J. Cano Sosa, A.L. Ramos Díaz, R. Noriega Trejo, D.I. Couoh May","doi":"10.18387/polibotanica.53.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30046,"journal":{"name":"Polibotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48635361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.9
G. López Puc, G.J. Herrera Cool
{"title":"Germinación asimbiótica, conservación ex situ e in vitro regeneración de plantas de Catasetum integerrimum Hook","authors":"G. López Puc, G.J. Herrera Cool","doi":"10.18387/polibotanica.53.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30046,"journal":{"name":"Polibotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43534712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.53.4
V. Hernández-Hernández, M. D. Salas-Araiza, Y. H. G. Núñez-Palenius, DE Diversidad
R ESUMEN : Las plantas arvenses son fuertes competidoras en los cultivos, pero también constituyen un componente importante de los agroecosistemas, por lo que es relevante conocer aspectos de su ecología. El objetivo fue comparar la abundancia, riqueza y diversidad de arvenses presentes en monocultivos de maíz (mz), trigo (tg) y sorgo (sg). De noviembre 2018 a mayo 2019 se visitó el campo tres veces por mes, el muestreo se realizó por cuadrantes de 2 m 2 . Las plantas se identificaron a nivel de especie y se organizaron por su estatus migratorio. Se realizaron índices de diversidad, curvas de acumulación de especies, un Análisis de Kruskal Wallis y un Análisis Discriminante para comparar poblaciones de arvenses. m 2 . All plants were identified at the species level and organized by their immigration status. Diversity index, accumulation curves were calculated, also a Kruskal Wallis test and Discriminant analysis were made to compare between weeds populations. 28 species were found, the total richness was obtained for mz and tg but it did not for sg. The corn was the cropping with more species (S= 26) and, a significantly high diversity (H= 2.94), it also was observed in native and exotic weed (H = 1.91 y H = 1.94, respectively). The weed abundance was significantly high in mz. The composition of weed populations was different between crops, the AD with 83% of variance explained separated three groups according to the type of crop, which was reflected in the structure of the weed populations. Plant communities are different between crops despite being in a spatially homogeneous environment. Hence, factors associated with the crops are influencing the diversity patterns observed. Species richness is inside of range of other agroecosystems but, diversity is higher than some studies reported for traditional and intensive farming systems. The present of native species in local diversity is a positive ecological indicator for crops.
R ESUMEN：种植植物是农业竞争的产物，它是农业生态系统的重要组成部分，也是生态系统的相关组成部分。与丰富性、riqueza和多样性相比，目标是单一的maz（mz）、trigo（tg）和sorgo（sg）。2018年11月至2019年5月，我们参观了2平方米的营地。植物是一种特殊的物种，也是迁徙物种的组织。多样性的实现、物种多样性的曲线、Kruskal Wallis的Análisis和Arvences的Anílisis歧视。m2。所有植物都是在物种层面上进行鉴定的，并根据其移民身份进行组织。计算了杂草种群的多样性指数、累积曲线，并进行了Kruskal-Wallis检验和判别分析。共发现28种，mz和tg的总丰富度为，sg的总丰富度没有。玉米是物种较多的作物（S=26），多样性显著较高（H=2.94），在本地和外来杂草中也有观察到（分别为H=1.91 y H=1.94）。mz的杂草丰度显著较高。不同作物的杂草种群组成不同，解释了83%方差的AD根据作物类型分为三组，这反映在杂草种群的结构中。尽管处于空间均匀的环境中，但作物之间的植物群落是不同的。因此，与作物相关的因素正在影响观察到的多样性模式。物种丰富度在其他农业生态系统的范围内，但多样性高于传统和集约农业系统的一些研究报告。本地物种在当地多样性中的存在对作物来说是一个积极的生态指标。
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Pub Date : 2021-07-15DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.52.13
G. Martínez-López, E. G. Nolazco, A. V. Morales, M. I. Palacios-Rangel
Oaxaca is a state with a vast socio-cultural wealth in which nature has played a decisive role, its diversity in culture coupled with its wealth of species has led to various researchers are concerned about the collection of knowledge and expertise that make up these characteristics. An ethnobotanical study was carried out in San Pablo Cuatro Venados, Oaxaca, with the purpose of documenting the traditional knowledge of the use, handling and conservation of wild flora, for which a description of the plants that were identified as useful was made. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and participant observation to collect information on the species; later, collection tours were carried out for subsequent identification. A list of 93 species with direct use was obtained, which were classified into four categories: medicinal (56%), edible (18%), ornamental (13%) and use in tools (9%). According to the botanical record of each species, these were grouped into 43 families, the most frequent being Asteraceae with 40% of the species, followed by the Fabaceae family with 16% and Labiatae with 12%. Likewise, the importance of the selected species in each of the categories was determined by means of quantitative indicators and those with the highest frequency of direct use by the informants were identified. In this way, we contributed to the Martínez-López, G.; M.I. Palacios-Rangel, E. Guízar Nolazco y A. Villanueva Morales USOS LOCALES Y TRADICIÓN: ESTUDIO ETNOBOTÁNICO DE PLANTAS ÚTILES EN SAN PABLO CUATRO VENADOS (Va lles Centrales, Oaxaca) LOCAL USES AND TRADITION: ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF USEFEL PLANTS IN SAN PABLO CUATRO VENADOS (Valles Centrales, Oaxaca) Instituto Politécnico Nacional Núm. 52: 193-212. Julio 2021 DOI: 10.18387/polibotanica.52.13 Núm. 52: 193-212 Julio 2021 ISSN electrónico: 2395-9525 195 documentation of traditional knowledge and highlighted its importance in the management and conservation of local biodiversity.
瓦哈卡州拥有丰富的社会文化财富，自然在其中发挥了决定性作用，其文化多样性加上丰富的物种，导致各种研究人员关注构成这些特征的知识和专业知识的收集。在瓦哈卡州的San Pablo Cuatro Venados进行了一项民族植物学研究，目的是记录野生植物群的使用、处理和保护的传统知识，并对被确定为有用的植物进行了描述。数据是通过半结构化访谈和参与者观察收集的，以收集有关该物种的信息；后来，进行了收集之旅，以便进行后续鉴定。获得了93种可直接使用的物种，分为四类：药用（56%）、可食用（18%）、观赏性（13%）和工具用（9%）。根据每个物种的植物学记录，它们被分为43个科，最常见的是菊科，占物种的40%，其次是蚕豆科，占16%，唇形科占12%。同样，通过定量指标确定了所选物种在每一类中的重要性，并确定了线人直接使用频率最高的物种。通过这种方式，我们为Martínez-López，G。；M.I.Palacios Rangel、E.Guízar Nolazco和A.Villanueva Morales USOS当地和传统：ESTUDIO ETNOBOTÁNICO DE PLANTASÚTILES EN SAN PABLO CUATRO VENADOS。52:193-212。胡里奥2021 DOI:10.18387/poliblantica.52.13 Núm。52:193-212 Julio 2021 ISSN electrónico:2395-9525 195传统知识的文献，并强调了其在管理和保护当地生物多样性方面的重要性。
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