In the previous utilization of natural resources in forestry as an economic activity, timber exploitation was always the dominant part, and the utilization of other forest products was partly neglected. Nowadays, non-wood forest products (NWFPs) occupy an increasingly significant position in the forestry sector in numerous countries, so that the revenue from their utilization approaches the returns realized by the classical production of timber products. The research performed in Vojvodina, on the sample of six enterprises dealing with NWFP purchase, processing and sale was aimed at the analysis of their market activities to create the image of the market of this group of products. After the study data were analyzed by dynamic statistical methods, the changes in the activities on purchase, the domestic sales and export sales between 2004 and 2010 were presented and future projects were visualized. The research in the form of questionnaire included the quantities of purchased raw materials, the scope of production and sales, both in the domestic, and in foreign markets, as well as the prices of final products. Some species of medicinal plants were purchased on the territories of Croatia and Macedonia, and the purchasing network in the domestic market was remarkably wide and it included predominantly: Nis, Svrljig, Coka, Apatin, Pancevo, Ruma, Boljevac, Kanjiža, etc. The most significant growth was realised in the purchase of a mixture of medicinal plants. Also significant are the purchased quantities of mint, which on average increased by 7.9 t and rose hip by 5.5 t per year. During the study period, the domestic sale of all species of herbal teas and medicinal plants increased significantly, while spices and honey were subject to a fluctuation in sales quantity. Average algebraic deviation of the original final NWFP sale value from the arithmetic mean accounts for 3.48%. With the significance level of 95%, it is estimated that the sale in 2012 will range between 3049.19 and 3343.95 t, under the condition that the sale continues its quadratic trend. Based on the quadratic trend, and with the significance level of 95%, it can be foreseen that the value of export in 2012 will range from 133.01 to 250.07 t. As for the time interval from 2004 to 2010, the average export amounted to 260.07 t, which encompassed primarily medicinal and aromatic plants, spices and honey. During the study period, export decreased on average by 7.03% (20.75 t per year).
{"title":"Commercialization of non-wood forest products on the territory of AP Vojvodina","authors":"L. Keča, M. Marčeta, M. Bogojevic","doi":"10.2298/GSF1205099K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1205099K","url":null,"abstract":"In the previous utilization of natural resources in forestry as an economic activity, timber exploitation was always the dominant part, and the utilization of other forest products was partly neglected. Nowadays, non-wood forest products (NWFPs) occupy an increasingly significant position in the forestry sector in numerous countries, so that the revenue from their utilization approaches the returns realized by the classical production of timber products. The research performed in Vojvodina, on the sample of six enterprises dealing with NWFP purchase, processing and sale was aimed at the analysis of their market activities to create the image of the market of this group of products. After the study data were analyzed by dynamic statistical methods, the changes in the activities on purchase, the domestic sales and export sales between 2004 and 2010 were presented and future projects were visualized. The research in the form of questionnaire included the quantities of purchased raw materials, the scope of production and sales, both in the domestic, and in foreign markets, as well as the prices of final products. Some species of medicinal plants were purchased on the territories of Croatia and Macedonia, and the purchasing network in the domestic market was remarkably wide and it included predominantly: Nis, Svrljig, Coka, Apatin, Pancevo, Ruma, Boljevac, Kanjiža, etc. The most significant growth was realised in the purchase of a mixture of medicinal plants. Also significant are the purchased quantities of mint, which on average increased by 7.9 t and rose hip by 5.5 t per year. During the study period, the domestic sale of all species of herbal teas and medicinal plants increased significantly, while spices and honey were subject to a fluctuation in sales quantity. Average algebraic deviation of the original final NWFP sale value from the arithmetic mean accounts for 3.48%. With the significance level of 95%, it is estimated that the sale in 2012 will range between 3049.19 and 3343.95 t, under the condition that the sale continues its quadratic trend. Based on the quadratic trend, and with the significance level of 95%, it can be foreseen that the value of export in 2012 will range from 133.01 to 250.07 t. As for the time interval from 2004 to 2010, the average export amounted to 260.07 t, which encompassed primarily medicinal and aromatic plants, spices and honey. During the study period, export decreased on average by 7.03% (20.75 t per year).","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"37 1","pages":"99-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A project is a task comprising a set of interrelated activities requiring time and resources for their execution. It is often the case that during the construction of longitudinal and cross section structures for the regulation of a torrential catchment the required resources (labour, materials, mechanization, and finances) are often limited and because of that we face the problem of their efficient use. This paper deals with the problem of planning the execution of river regulation works on the Jelasnicka River with the aim to minimize the time extension due to limited resources. In the planning phase of project realization labour force is the limited resource. Heuristic techniques, i.e. the Gray-Kidd algorithm with the use of MS Project software were applied in the distribution of resources for the purposes of optimal labour engagement. This method uses the data acquired by the CPM method of network planning as input elements. Through more iterations, by moving noncritical and then critical project activities, the minimal extension of project duration was achieved by engaging more labour force. Therefore, the proposed heuristic and CPM method performed well in resolving the resource-constrained project scheduling problem. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu: pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje , podprojekat br. 16: Socio-ekonomski razvoj, ublažavanje i adaptacija na klimatske promene]
项目是由一组相互关联的活动组成的任务，这些活动的执行需要时间和资源。通常情况下，在建设用于泄洪集水区调节的纵向和截面结构时，所需的资源(劳动力、材料、机械化和资金)往往是有限的，因此我们面临着有效利用这些资源的问题。本文研究了耶拉斯尼基河整治工程的规划实施问题，以尽量减少因资源有限而造成的工期延长。在项目实施的规划阶段，劳动力是有限的资源。启发式技术，即Gray-Kidd算法与MS项目软件的使用被应用于资源分配，以达到最佳的劳动参与目的。该方法采用网络规划CPM法获取的数据作为输入要素。通过更多的迭代，通过移动非关键的项目活动，然后是关键的项目活动，通过吸引更多的劳动力来实现项目持续时间的最小延长。因此，所提出的启发式和CPM方法在解决资源受限的项目调度问题上具有较好的效果。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;437: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu: pracenje uticja, adaptacija i ublažavanje, podprojekat br。[16]社会经济研究，ublažavanje [i adaptacija na klimatske prome]
{"title":"Labour engagement optimization in planning the execution of river regulation works on the Jelašnička river","authors":"Tijana Andrijanic, Nada Dragović, Mirjana Todosijević","doi":"10.2298/gsf1206029a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gsf1206029a","url":null,"abstract":"A project is a task comprising a set of interrelated activities requiring time and resources for their execution. It is often the case that during the construction of longitudinal and cross section structures for the regulation of a torrential catchment the required resources (labour, materials, mechanization, and finances) are often limited and because of that we face the problem of their efficient use. This paper deals with the problem of planning the execution of river regulation works on the Jelasnicka River with the aim to minimize the time extension due to limited resources. In the planning phase of project realization labour force is the limited resource. Heuristic techniques, i.e. the Gray-Kidd algorithm with the use of MS Project software were applied in the distribution of resources for the purposes of optimal labour engagement. This method uses the data acquired by the CPM method of network planning as input elements. Through more iterations, by moving noncritical and then critical project activities, the minimal extension of project duration was achieved by engaging more labour force. Therefore, the proposed heuristic and CPM method performed well in resolving the resource-constrained project scheduling problem. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu: pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje , podprojekat br. 16: Socio-ekonomski razvoj, ublažavanje i adaptacija na klimatske promene]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"29-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Šijačić‐Nikolić, J. Milovanović, M. Nonić, R. Knežević, V. Babić
The research was conducted on a provenance test of beech established in the Educational-research centre „Majdanpecka domena” - Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the morphometric characteristics of leaves, at the level of 10 provenances in the juvenile developmental stage, originating from South-Eastern Europe. Herbaria material was used to measure the following parameters: leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, leaf base width at 1 cm (from petiole base), the number of veins -on the left, the number of veins - on the right, and distance between the 3rd and 4th vein - on the left. Based on research results, it can be concluded that the obtained differences between the mean values of all measured foliar characteristics of the analyzed provenances are statistically significant, and that there is significant correlation between the length and width of leaves and the Ellenberg’s quotient (EQ). The relationship between the adaptive traits of beech from different provenances and ecological parameters of their seed source stands indicates genetic differentiation of beech, as a consequence of the population adaptation to local environmental conditions. Therefore, in the future, ecological criteria must be a priority in the selection of seed sources and planting materials, with special consideration of the global climate change. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu - pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje]
这项研究是在贝尔格莱德大学林业学院“Majdanpecka domena”教育研究中心建立的山毛榉种源试验上进行的。本文介绍了对产自东南欧的10个种源在幼树发育阶段的叶片形态特征进行分析的结果。利用植物标本馆的材料测量以下参数:叶长、叶宽、叶柄长、叶柄基部1cm处宽度(距叶柄基部)、左侧脉数、右侧脉数、左侧脉数和第3脉与第4脉之间的距离。从研究结果可以看出，分析的种源的所有叶片特征测量值的平均值之间的差异具有统计学意义，叶片的长度和宽度与埃伦伯格商(EQ)之间存在显著的相关性。不同种源山毛榉的适应性状与其种源林生态参数之间的关系表明，山毛榉的遗传分化是种群对当地环境条件适应的结果。因此，在未来，在选择种子来源和种植材料时必须优先考虑生态标准，并特别考虑全球气候变化。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;[437: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sresdinu - pracenje uticja, adaptacija i ublažavanje]
{"title":"Ecotypical characterization of genetic variation of beech provenances from South-Eastern Europe based on the morphometric characteristics of leaves.","authors":"M. Šijačić‐Nikolić, J. Milovanović, M. Nonić, R. Knežević, V. Babić","doi":"10.2298/GSF1206197S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1206197S","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted on a provenance test of beech established in the Educational-research centre „Majdanpecka domena” - Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the morphometric characteristics of leaves, at the level of 10 provenances in the juvenile developmental stage, originating from South-Eastern Europe. Herbaria material was used to measure the following parameters: leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, leaf base width at 1 cm (from petiole base), the number of veins -on the left, the number of veins - on the right, and distance between the 3rd and 4th vein - on the left. Based on research results, it can be concluded that the obtained differences between the mean values of all measured foliar characteristics of the analyzed provenances are statistically significant, and that there is significant correlation between the length and width of leaves and the Ellenberg’s quotient (EQ). The relationship between the adaptive traits of beech from different provenances and ecological parameters of their seed source stands indicates genetic differentiation of beech, as a consequence of the population adaptation to local environmental conditions. Therefore, in the future, ecological criteria must be a priority in the selection of seed sources and planting materials, with special consideration of the global climate change. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu - pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"66 1","pages":"197-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Marković, Milos Tanasic, N. Stojić, R. Bulatovic, Marta Jovic, S. Vidojkovic, D. Stankovic
This paper succesfully investigated the possibility of modification of the micropropagation protocol of Phalaenopsis sp. with an aim to simplify the procedure and reduce the costs. The obtained results show that some medium components can be succesfully omitted (coconut water, glutamine, 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid) and some of them (peptone) can be replaced with a cheaper constituent (soy flour) while preserving the quality of the obtained microplants. The multiplication rate was 7,6 shoots per explant after the period of 150 days of cultivation in vitro. On the same medium 60% of explants were rooted and roots were mostly well developed.
{"title":"Improvement of micropropagation protocol of Phalaenopsis sp. for the method of direct shoot regeneration from nodes of floral spikes","authors":"M. Marković, Milos Tanasic, N. Stojić, R. Bulatovic, Marta Jovic, S. Vidojkovic, D. Stankovic","doi":"10.2298/GSF1206141M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1206141M","url":null,"abstract":"This paper succesfully investigated the possibility of modification of the micropropagation protocol of Phalaenopsis sp. with an aim to simplify the procedure and reduce the costs. The obtained results show that some medium components can be succesfully omitted (coconut water, glutamine, 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid) and some of them (peptone) can be replaced with a cheaper constituent (soy flour) while preserving the quality of the obtained microplants. The multiplication rate was 7,6 shoots per explant after the period of 150 days of cultivation in vitro. On the same medium 60% of explants were rooted and roots were mostly well developed.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dragana Čavlović, D. Obratov-Petković, M. Ocokoljić, V. Djurdjević
Wetlands are among the most vulnerable habitats on the planet. Very complex forest ecosystems are also parts of wetlands. Research and analysis of forest vegetation elements, leads to a conclusion about ecological conditions of wetlands. The aim of the paper is detail forest vegetation study, and analyzing the impact of climate changes on wetland forest vegetations of the strict protection area at the SNR Zasavica Ramsar site. Field research was carried out by using Braun-Blanquet’s Zurich-Montpelier school method. Phytogeographical elements and life forms of plants were determined subsequently, in order to get indicator values of wetland plants. Coupled Regional Climate Model (CRCM), EBU-POM was used for the climate simulations. Exact climatic variables for the site were determined by downscaling method. Climatic variables reference values were taken for the period of 1961-1990, and climate change simulations for the period 2071-2100 (A1B and A2). Indicator values of forest plants taken into consideration were humidity and temperature; therefore, ecological optimums were determined in scales of humidity and temperature. Regional Climate Model shows that there will be a long and intensive dry period in the future, with high temperatures from April till October. Continental winter will be more humid, with higher precipitation, especially in February. Based on the analysis of results it was concluded that wetlands are transitional habitats, also very variable and therefore vulnerable to changes. The changes may lead to the extinction of some plant species.
{"title":"Climate change impact on wetland forest plants of SNR Zasavica","authors":"Dragana Čavlović, D. Obratov-Petković, M. Ocokoljić, V. Djurdjević","doi":"10.2298/GSF1205017C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1205017C","url":null,"abstract":"Wetlands are among the most vulnerable habitats on the planet. Very complex forest ecosystems are also parts of wetlands. Research and analysis of forest vegetation elements, leads to a conclusion about ecological conditions of wetlands. The aim of the paper is detail forest vegetation study, and analyzing the impact of climate changes on wetland forest vegetations of the strict protection area at the SNR Zasavica Ramsar site. Field research was carried out by using Braun-Blanquet’s Zurich-Montpelier school method. Phytogeographical elements and life forms of plants were determined subsequently, in order to get indicator values of wetland plants. Coupled Regional Climate Model (CRCM), EBU-POM was used for the climate simulations. Exact climatic variables for the site were determined by downscaling method. Climatic variables reference values were taken for the period of 1961-1990, and climate change simulations for the period 2071-2100 (A1B and A2). Indicator values of forest plants taken into consideration were humidity and temperature; therefore, ecological optimums were determined in scales of humidity and temperature. Regional Climate Model shows that there will be a long and intensive dry period in the future, with high temperatures from April till October. Continental winter will be more humid, with higher precipitation, especially in February. Based on the analysis of results it was concluded that wetlands are transitional habitats, also very variable and therefore vulnerable to changes. The changes may lead to the extinction of some plant species.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2012 1","pages":"17-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the results of a research of velocity of air circulation in the conventional kiln drying of sawn timber and its influence on the uniformity of final moisture content. The data showed that the air velocity (between 0.8 - 1.2 m•s -1) is significantly lower than the one that is optimal for timber drying of coniferous species (3 - 4 m•s-1). This results in a reduction in the capacity of installations for drying, increased energy (thermal and electrical) consumption and thereby increase in the cost of drying. The correlation between the speed of air circulation and the final MC of timber due to prolonged drying was not established. Recommendations that should eliminate the identified deficiencies are also given.
{"title":"Velocity and uniformity of air circulation in conventional kilns for sawn timber.","authors":"B. Kolin, G. Milić, I. Golic","doi":"10.2298/GSF1206129K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1206129K","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a research of velocity of air circulation in the conventional kiln drying of sawn timber and its influence on the uniformity of final moisture content. The data showed that the air velocity (between 0.8 - 1.2 m•s -1) is significantly lower than the one that is optimal for timber drying of coniferous species (3 - 4 m•s-1). This results in a reduction in the capacity of installations for drying, increased energy (thermal and electrical) consumption and thereby increase in the cost of drying. The correlation between the speed of air circulation and the final MC of timber due to prolonged drying was not established. Recommendations that should eliminate the identified deficiencies are also given.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"6 1","pages":"129-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urban areas are among the most important centres of invasive plant species distribution due to their richness in alien species. Because of that, a detailed floristic analysis of perennial flowerbeds was conducted in the central parks of Belgrade. A total of 53 perennial species were found, of which 55% were the alien species planted on 75% of the research area. Among them, two species (Aster novi belgii and Solidago canadensis) are invasive and six species are potentially invasive in Serbia. These are planted on 5% and 20% of the flowerbeds, respectively. We can conclude that both the experts and institutions should be informed about the invasive species and potential damages. In the meantime, planting of native decorative species should be encouraged, since they will not pose a threat to natural habitats. Also, detailed research should be conducted in order to eradicate invasive and potentially invasive species from the surfaces around the research area.
城市地区因其丰富的外来物种而成为入侵植物最重要的分布中心。因此，对贝尔格莱德中央公园的多年生花坛进行了详细的植物区系分析。共发现多年生植物53种，其中55%为外来种，占研究面积的75%。其中比利时紫菀(Aster novi belgii)和加拿大紫菀(Solidago canadensis) 2种为入侵种，6种为潜在入侵种。它们分别种植在5%和20%的花圃上。我们认为，专家和机构都应该了解入侵物种及其潜在的危害。同时，应鼓励种植本地装饰树种，因为它们不会对自然生境构成威胁。此外，还应进行详细的研究，以消除研究区域周围表面的入侵和潜在入侵物种。
{"title":"Floristic analysis of perennial species on flowerbeds in Belgrade with special attention on invasiveness of the recorded species","authors":"M. Popović, M. Marković","doi":"10.2298/GSF1206169P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1206169P","url":null,"abstract":"Urban areas are among the most important centres of invasive plant species distribution due to their richness in alien species. Because of that, a detailed floristic analysis of perennial flowerbeds was conducted in the central parks of Belgrade. A total of 53 perennial species were found, of which 55% were the alien species planted on 75% of the research area. Among them, two species (Aster novi belgii and Solidago canadensis) are invasive and six species are potentially invasive in Serbia. These are planted on 5% and 20% of the flowerbeds, respectively. We can conclude that both the experts and institutions should be informed about the invasive species and potential damages. In the meantime, planting of native decorative species should be encouraged, since they will not pose a threat to natural habitats. Also, detailed research should be conducted in order to eradicate invasive and potentially invasive species from the surfaces around the research area.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"169-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bark stripping damage is a serious problem in some forest hunting grounds in Serbia. This study aimed at assessing the incidence and intensity of bark stripping by red deer in the fenced rearing centre “Lomnicka Reka“ (Mt. Veliki Jastrebac, central Serbia). The data were collected by detailed surveying of the entire rearing centre over spring and autumn 2008, 2009 and 2010. Our results show that, in spring and summer, it is exclusively broadleaf tree species that are bark stripped by red deer, mainly beech (86.3% or 536 trees) and hornbeam (10.1% or 63 trees). The incidence and intensity of bark stripping were the highest in the diameter class of 20-39.9 cm. Damaged trees were identified in all parts of the rearing centre, at all aspects and at different slopes. Beech bark was stripped over the period May-August, with the focus in June or July.
树皮剥落损害是塞尔维亚一些森林狩猎场的严重问题。本研究旨在评估“Lomnicka Reka”围栏饲养中心(Mt. Veliki Jastrebac，塞尔维亚中部)马鹿剥皮的发生率和强度。数据是在2008年、2009年和2010年春季和秋季对整个饲养中心进行详细调查收集的。结果表明:春夏两季，马鹿剥皮的主要是阔叶树，以山毛榉(536棵，占86.3%)和角木(63棵，占10.1%)为主;20 ~ 39.9 cm直径级树皮剥落发生率和强度最高。在饲养中心的所有部分、各个方面和不同斜坡上都发现了受损树木。山毛榉树皮在5月至8月期间被剥离，重点在6月或7月。
{"title":"Bark stripping damage by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in the fenced rearing centre \"Lomnička Reka\".","authors":"D. Gačić, M. Danilović, G. Zubić, Predrag Ćirović","doi":"10.2298/GSF1205035G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1205035G","url":null,"abstract":"Bark stripping damage is a serious problem in some forest hunting grounds in Serbia. This study aimed at assessing the incidence and intensity of bark stripping by red deer in the fenced rearing centre “Lomnicka Reka“ (Mt. Veliki Jastrebac, central Serbia). The data were collected by detailed surveying of the entire rearing centre over spring and autumn 2008, 2009 and 2010. Our results show that, in spring and summer, it is exclusively broadleaf tree species that are bark stripped by red deer, mainly beech (86.3% or 536 trees) and hornbeam (10.1% or 63 trees). The incidence and intensity of bark stripping were the highest in the diameter class of 20-39.9 cm. Damaged trees were identified in all parts of the rearing centre, at all aspects and at different slopes. Beech bark was stripped over the period May-August, with the focus in June or July.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"35-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evapotranspiration is one of the most important processes within the hydrological cycle whose reliable assessment is essential in the planning and managing of land and water resources. Besides that, the water needs of plants depend directly on the size of evapotranspiration. This paper presents a comparison of reference evapotranspiration values calculated using the FAO Blaney-Criddle method, the FAO Radiation methods, the FAO Penman and the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith method with the results of measurements of evapotranspiration at the meteorological station in Kosutnjak during the growing seasons of 2004, 2005 and 2006. It is shown that the application of the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith equation provides the calculated values of evapotranspiration that are closest to the results of measurement and it is recommended to apply this method for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR37003: Razvoj hidroinformacionog sistema za pracenje i ranu najavu susa]
{"title":"Critical analysis of the contemporary methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration.","authors":"Vesna Djukic, V. Mihailović","doi":"10.2298/gsf1206057d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gsf1206057d","url":null,"abstract":"Evapotranspiration is one of the most important processes within the hydrological cycle whose reliable assessment is essential in the planning and managing of land and water resources. Besides that, the water needs of plants depend directly on the size of evapotranspiration. This paper presents a comparison of reference evapotranspiration values calculated using the FAO Blaney-Criddle method, the FAO Radiation methods, the FAO Penman and the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith method with the results of measurements of evapotranspiration at the meteorological station in Kosutnjak during the growing seasons of 2004, 2005 and 2006. It is shown that the application of the FAO 56 Penman-Monteith equation provides the calculated values of evapotranspiration that are closest to the results of measurement and it is recommended to apply this method for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR37003: Razvoj hidroinformacionog sistema za pracenje i ranu najavu susa]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"57-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Tomićević, M. Grbic, D. Skočajić, D. Radovanović
Biological invasions are seen as a major threat to biodiversity at a global level, while the number of new invasions is increasing at an alarming rate. Raising the awareness of the public, academic world and policy makers about the dangers caused by invasive species, is essential for the creation of the support needed to implement and coordinate the policies necessary to address this problem. The aim of this study is to determine the level of local public awareness of the existence of these plant species, examine the public attitude towards alien invasive plant species and willingness to get involved in the prevention of their spreading. The survey was conducted in four nurseries on the territory of the City of Belgrade and the investigation dealt only with alien invasive woody plant species. Thirty customers were questioned in each of the four nurseries. The results show that local public is uninformed on the issue of invasive plant species. It is necessary to constantly and intensively raise their awareness of this issue, as well as the awareness of harmful consequences that may occur due to the uncontrolled spreading of alien invasive species. This refers not only to the population that visits the nurseries and buys the plants there and to those employed in plant production and selling, but also to the whole local public and decision makers.
{"title":"Public attitude in the City of Belgrade towards invasive alien plant species.","authors":"J. Tomićević, M. Grbic, D. Skočajić, D. Radovanović","doi":"10.2298/GSF1205189T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1205189T","url":null,"abstract":"Biological invasions are seen as a major threat to biodiversity at a global level, while the number of new invasions is increasing at an alarming rate. Raising the awareness of the public, academic world and policy makers about the dangers caused by invasive species, is essential for the creation of the support needed to implement and coordinate the policies necessary to address this problem. The aim of this study is to determine the level of local public awareness of the existence of these plant species, examine the public attitude towards alien invasive plant species and willingness to get involved in the prevention of their spreading. The survey was conducted in four nurseries on the territory of the City of Belgrade and the investigation dealt only with alien invasive woody plant species. Thirty customers were questioned in each of the four nurseries. The results show that local public is uninformed on the issue of invasive plant species. It is necessary to constantly and intensively raise their awareness of this issue, as well as the awareness of harmful consequences that may occur due to the uncontrolled spreading of alien invasive species. This refers not only to the population that visits the nurseries and buys the plants there and to those employed in plant production and selling, but also to the whole local public and decision makers.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2012 1","pages":"189-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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