One of the ways to preserve nature and ecosystems from a group of market mechanisms is a mechanism called Payments for Ecosystem Services - PES. In this paper, sectoral laws related to forestry and nature protection are analyzed to determine whether the existing legislation has elements that are similar to PES and support its implementation or are closer to the principle of ?command and control?. Three acts were selected for analysis: the Forest law, the Water law, and the Environmental Protection Act. These are the three sectoral acts that are closely related to nature conservation policy, with forest and water systems being the largest suppliers of ecosystem services and the most common subject of PES schemes. The aim of this research is to find those articles of these laws that contain the basic elements of the PES definition, by using certain keywords to search for articles of the acts. Qualitative and quantitative content analysis was used for the analysis. First, keywords were identified to distinguish the articles of acts that are relevant to the research itself, and later the meaning of each article was transformed into one or more terms called ?determinants?. In this way, the meaning of the articles was determined and quantified to determine if there was a number of articles that overlapped with the PES principles to some extent. In this research, we found that there are very few articles and parts of the legislation that fully support PES, and ecosystems and ecosystem services are not explicitly linked to valuation and funding. In each of the acts in the chapters related to financing, there are elements of PES and there is some form of financing of activities aimed at preserving and improving the ecosystems and the environment. The closest to the PES is the Water law. The Forest law has certain disadvantages, as funds are collected from sources that have no connection with forest ecosystems, and EPA is based on the ?Polluter pays? principle and is farthest from the PES concept.
{"title":"Determining PES compliance in sectoral acts connected to forestry","authors":"A. Markovic, L. Keča","doi":"10.2298/gsf2021061m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gsf2021061m","url":null,"abstract":"One of the ways to preserve nature and ecosystems from a group of market mechanisms is a mechanism called Payments for Ecosystem Services - PES. In this paper, sectoral laws related to forestry and nature protection are analyzed to determine whether the existing legislation has elements that are similar to PES and support its implementation or are closer to the principle of ?command and control?. Three acts were selected for analysis: the Forest law, the Water law, and the Environmental Protection Act. These are the three sectoral acts that are closely related to nature conservation policy, with forest and water systems being the largest suppliers of ecosystem services and the most common subject of PES schemes. The aim of this research is to find those articles of these laws that contain the basic elements of the PES definition, by using certain keywords to search for articles of the acts. Qualitative and quantitative content analysis was used for the analysis. First, keywords were identified to distinguish the articles of acts that are relevant to the research itself, and later the meaning of each article was transformed into one or more terms called ?determinants?. In this way, the meaning of the articles was determined and quantified to determine if there was a number of articles that overlapped with the PES principles to some extent. In this research, we found that there are very few articles and parts of the legislation that fully support PES, and ecosystems and ecosystem services are not explicitly linked to valuation and funding. In each of the acts in the chapters related to financing, there are elements of PES and there is some form of financing of activities aimed at preserving and improving the ecosystems and the environment. The closest to the PES is the Water law. The Forest law has certain disadvantages, as funds are collected from sources that have no connection with forest ecosystems, and EPA is based on the ?Polluter pays? principle and is farthest from the PES concept.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"61-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Djordjevic, N. Ranković, Dragan Nonic, J. Nedeljković, M. Zlatić, Jelena Tomićević-Dubljević
The process of establishing protected areas in Serbia has been influenced by specific social-economic changes in period after World War II, which have resulted in constant growth of protected area surface and changes in protected area type of manager. Because of that, this research analysis changes in the area of established protected area, through average annual absolute change and average annual exponential growth rate. These elements are important because of estimation of the future growth of protected areas in public and private sectors, as well as for defining the necessary measures for the implementation of defined goals.
{"title":"An analysis of the trend of protected area size in Serbia in the period from 1948 to 2016","authors":"I. Djordjevic, N. Ranković, Dragan Nonic, J. Nedeljković, M. Zlatić, Jelena Tomićević-Dubljević","doi":"10.2298/GSF1715065D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1715065D","url":null,"abstract":"The process of establishing protected areas in Serbia has been influenced by specific social-economic changes in period after World War II, which have resulted in constant growth of protected area surface and changes in protected area type of manager. Because of that, this research analysis changes in the area of established protected area, through average annual absolute change and average annual exponential growth rate. These elements are important because of estimation of the future growth of protected areas in public and private sectors, as well as for defining the necessary measures for the implementation of defined goals.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2017 1","pages":"65-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Abstract: In everyday life, urban residents, especially the younger population, have given up some healthy habits of spending their free time outdoors in urban forests or parks. This study was conducted in order to understand how urban nature might help in reducing psychological stress and improving mental wellbeing. The participants were volunteer stu dents of the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade (n=47). These students were randomly recruited in the study and control group and self-tested using DASS 21 scale. The Arboretum of the Faculty of Forestry represented a research location and a special healing environment with a high va riety of species. The study group stayed at the Arboretum during the study break period, while a control group was inside the Faculty. After the intervention, a slightly greater reduction in stress scale on the total score was recorded in the study group (F1.45 = 3.781; р < .058). This study has shown that urban green areas can have a positive impact on the mental well-being and reveal their role as a great response to the stress from urban population.
{"title":"Urban nature as a response to stress of urban population","authors":"M. Vujčić, Jelena Tomićević-Dubljević","doi":"10.2298/GSF1715185V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1715185V","url":null,"abstract":": Abstract: In everyday life, urban residents, especially the younger population, have given up some healthy habits of spending their free time outdoors in urban forests or parks. This study was conducted in order to understand how urban nature might help in reducing psychological stress and improving mental wellbeing. The participants were volunteer stu dents of the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade (n=47). These students were randomly recruited in the study and control group and self-tested using DASS 21 scale. The Arboretum of the Faculty of Forestry represented a research location and a special healing environment with a high va riety of species. The study group stayed at the Arboretum during the study break period, while a control group was inside the Faculty. After the intervention, a slightly greater reduction in stress scale on the total score was recorded in the study group (F1.45 = 3.781; р < .058). This study has shown that urban green areas can have a positive impact on the mental well-being and reveal their role as a great response to the stress from urban population.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2017 1","pages":"185-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper studies the applicability of DTM with the resolution of 4 × 4 m for the analysis of macro-topographic factors (terrain slope, aspect, terrain ruggedness index) and one part of micro-topographic factors (occasional and constant streams) as features important for vehicle mobility during timber skidding. The analysis of directions of timber extraction in relation to the spatial position of primary forest traffic infrastructure of the study area was conducted in order to determine from which forest areas timber will be extracted up or down the slope (moving of loaded vehicle). Determination of water bodies (streams) and the surrounding sensitive areas was carried out using GIS tool TauDEM. Unevenness of the terrain was determined based on the Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) which showed moderately to very rugged terrain on 60.1% of the research area where vehicle mobility could be difficult (if not impossible) i.e. the necessity of a secondary forest road network is clear. DTM analysis of study area regarding vehicle (skidder) mobility and possible planning of timber extraction indicated different availability and quality of data. Digital terrain models present a good basis for the analysis of key constraints for forestry vehicles mobility or terrain trafficability (slope and direction of timber extraction). Using DTM of higher resolution (e.g. LiDAR images), will increase the accuracy of the results and the quality of the analysis.
{"title":"DTM models to enhance planning of timber harvesting","authors":"Andreja Đuka, T. Poršinsky, D. Vusić","doi":"10.2298/GSF15S1035D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF15S1035D","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the applicability of DTM with the resolution of 4 × 4 m \u0000 for the analysis of macro-topographic factors (terrain slope, aspect, terrain \u0000 ruggedness index) and one part of micro-topographic factors (occasional and \u0000 constant streams) as features important for vehicle mobility during timber \u0000 skidding. The analysis of directions of timber extraction in relation to the \u0000 spatial position of primary forest traffic infrastructure of the study area \u0000 was conducted in order to determine from which forest areas timber will be \u0000 extracted up or down the slope (moving of loaded vehicle). Determination of \u0000 water bodies (streams) and the surrounding sensitive areas was carried out \u0000 using GIS tool TauDEM. Unevenness of the terrain was determined based on the \u0000 Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) which showed moderately to very rugged terrain \u0000 on 60.1% of the research area where vehicle mobility could be difficult (if \u0000 not impossible) i.e. the necessity of a secondary forest road network is \u0000 clear. DTM analysis of study area regarding vehicle (skidder) mobility and \u0000 possible planning of timber extraction indicated different availability and \u0000 quality of data. Digital terrain models present a good basis for the analysis \u0000 of key constraints for forestry vehicles mobility or terrain trafficability \u0000 (slope and direction of timber extraction). Using DTM of higher resolution \u0000 (e.g. LiDAR images), will increase the accuracy of the results and the \u0000 quality of the analysis.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2015 1","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68307631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the results of a parallel examination on the strength of oval tenon-mortise joints in two groups of test joints. Joints from group A were made with both shoulders of tenon, while joints from group B were made without the lower shoulder. Examination of strength was conducted on a chair joints rear leg-rail. The results of the examination indicated that joints in group A (oval tenon with the upper and lower shoulder) had a higher average bending moment capacity in comparison with the joints in group B (oval tenon without the lower shoulder). However, the significance of difference in strength between the two groups of joints was not confirmed by the statistical analysis.
{"title":"The effect of shoulder on the strength of the oval tenon-mortise joint","authors":"I. Džinčić, B. Nestorović, Vojislav Dacić","doi":"10.2298/GSF151109001D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF151109001D","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a parallel examination on the strength of oval tenon-mortise joints in two groups of test joints. Joints from group A were made with both shoulders of tenon, while joints from group B were made without the lower shoulder. Examination of strength was conducted on a chair joints rear leg-rail. The results of the examination indicated that joints in group A (oval tenon with the upper and lower shoulder) had a higher average bending moment capacity in comparison with the joints in group B (oval tenon without the lower shoulder). However, the significance of difference in strength between the two groups of joints was not confirmed by the statistical analysis.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2016 1","pages":"35-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68307119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Abstract: The paper presents the results of researching the impact of export on the production of wood pellets as well as the situation on the market for this wood fuel in Serbia. Objective of the research was to produce scientifically and professionally founded conclusions and the related adequate recommendations to the decision makers in order to improve the situation on wood pellets market in Serbia and eliminate the existing problems which sig nificantly burden and slow down this development. Special objective of the research was to observe the contributions of wood pellets to the mitigation of climate changes using Serbia as the example. Results of the conducted research show that the expansion of the consumption (demand) increase in the European Union countries in the last fifteen years and the related increase of export from Serbia are the most significant factors which have influenced the de velopment of wood pellets production in Serbia. Parameters of econometric model of the impact of export on the increase of production show that production increase of 1.17% can be expected with the increase of export of 1%. Thus, the number of wood pellet producers has rapidly increased in the last ten years, from 2 producers in 2006 to 52 active producers in 2016. Increase of the number of producers was also accompanied by the increase of the installed capacities. At the end of 2015, total installed capacities for wood pellet production in Serbia reached 550 thousand tons, and the realized production was 229 thousand tons, or 41.6% of the installed capacity. Consumption of wood pellets in Serbia in the last four years achieved significant increase and reached the level of 89 thousand tons in 2015. However, concerning the segment of wood pellets consumption in Serbia, the situation is still unsatisfactory despite the fact that the consumption has been increasing year after year. Average price of 1 kWh of energy from wood pellets exported from Serbia was in the range 20-44 ¢$, which is 2.1 to 3.2 times less than the price of 1 kWh of energy from the natural gas which was imported in Serbia in the observed period.
{"title":"Impact of wood pellets export on the development of their production in Serbia with the effects of substituting enegry from fossil fuels and reduction of carbon dioxide emission","authors":"B. Glavonjić, Aleksandra Lazarević, D. Čomić","doi":"10.2298/GSF1614055G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1614055G","url":null,"abstract":": Abstract: The paper presents the results of researching the impact of export on the production of wood pellets as well as the situation on the market for this wood fuel in Serbia. Objective of the research was to produce scientifically and professionally founded conclusions and the related adequate recommendations to the decision makers in order to improve the situation on wood pellets market in Serbia and eliminate the existing problems which sig nificantly burden and slow down this development. Special objective of the research was to observe the contributions of wood pellets to the mitigation of climate changes using Serbia as the example. Results of the conducted research show that the expansion of the consumption (demand) increase in the European Union countries in the last fifteen years and the related increase of export from Serbia are the most significant factors which have influenced the de velopment of wood pellets production in Serbia. Parameters of econometric model of the impact of export on the increase of production show that production increase of 1.17% can be expected with the increase of export of 1%. Thus, the number of wood pellet producers has rapidly increased in the last ten years, from 2 producers in 2006 to 52 active producers in 2016. Increase of the number of producers was also accompanied by the increase of the installed capacities. At the end of 2015, total installed capacities for wood pellet production in Serbia reached 550 thousand tons, and the realized production was 229 thousand tons, or 41.6% of the installed capacity. Consumption of wood pellets in Serbia in the last four years achieved significant increase and reached the level of 89 thousand tons in 2015. However, concerning the segment of wood pellets consumption in Serbia, the situation is still unsatisfactory despite the fact that the consumption has been increasing year after year. Average price of 1 kWh of energy from wood pellets exported from Serbia was in the range 20-44 ¢$, which is 2.1 to 3.2 times less than the price of 1 kWh of energy from the natural gas which was imported in Serbia in the observed period.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2016 1","pages":"55-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siniša Polovina, Boris Radić, R. Ristić, V. Milčanović
{"title":"Spatial and temporal analysis of natural resources degradation in the Likodra River watershed","authors":"Siniša Polovina, Boris Radić, R. Ristić, V. Milčanović","doi":"10.2298/GSF1614169P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1614169P","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2016 1","pages":"169-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kruno Lepoglavec, Tibor Pentek, Ivica Papa, M. Šporčić, M. Landekić, H. Nevečerel
Planning is an intellectually demanding process that requires a conscious determination of actions and decisions based on related purpose, knowledge and right decisions. During planning timber harvesting it is very important to choose the best possible technology for timber extraction. The use of multi-criteria-decision-making models is a very good way of dealing with various forestry issues especially in terms of choosing the best applicable technology for timber extraction. Modern forest management in the Republic of Croatia in terms of timber harvesting mostly relies on ground based wheeled systems. The goal of this research is to show how the current way of planning timber harvesting (timber extraction) and accordingly the construction of secondary forest road network affects future planning and introduction of »new« technologies for timber extraction i.e. forest cableway. Analysis of suitable forest stands for different timber extraction technologies s was carried out in the management unit Garjevica-Cazma with an area of 4380.20 ha. The paper presents multi-criteria-decision-making model for defining terrain suitable for ground based wheeled systems (skidder with a winch and forwarder) and forest cableway on the base of raster maps (grid of 20×20 m i.e. 0.04 ha). The criteria used to select different technologies for timber extraction were: terrain slope, distance from the forest road, distance from the skid road and harvesting density. Analysis using GIS tools in ArcGIS and Idrisi applications goes in two directions, first the analysis of suitability of using selected technologies for timber extraction using four criteria, and comparison with results of the analysis where the criterion »distance from the skid road« has been excluded.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF EXISTING SECONDARY FOREST ROAD NETWORK ON THE SELECTION OF TIMBER EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGIES AT THE TACTICAL LEVEL OF PLANNING","authors":"Kruno Lepoglavec, Tibor Pentek, Ivica Papa, M. Šporčić, M. Landekić, H. Nevečerel","doi":"10.2298/GSF15S1063L","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF15S1063L","url":null,"abstract":"Planning is an intellectually demanding process that requires a conscious \u0000 determination of actions and decisions based on related purpose, knowledge \u0000 and right decisions. During planning timber harvesting it is very important \u0000 to choose the best possible technology for timber extraction. The use of \u0000 multi-criteria-decision-making models is a very good way of dealing with \u0000 various forestry issues especially in terms of choosing the best applicable \u0000 technology for timber extraction. Modern forest management in the Republic \u0000 of Croatia in terms of timber harvesting mostly relies on ground based \u0000 wheeled systems. The goal of this research is to show how the current way of \u0000 planning timber harvesting (timber extraction) and accordingly the \u0000 construction of secondary forest road network affects future planning and \u0000 introduction of »new« technologies for timber extraction i.e. forest \u0000 cableway. Analysis of suitable forest stands for different timber extraction \u0000 technologies s was carried out in the management unit Garjevica-Cazma with an \u0000 area of 4380.20 ha. The paper presents multi-criteria-decision-making model \u0000 for defining terrain suitable for ground based wheeled systems (skidder with \u0000 a winch and forwarder) and forest cableway on the base of raster maps (grid \u0000 of 20×20 m i.e. 0.04 ha). The criteria used to select different technologies \u0000 for timber extraction were: terrain slope, distance from the forest road, \u0000 distance from the skid road and harvesting density. Analysis using GIS tools \u0000 in ArcGIS and Idrisi applications goes in two directions, first the analysis \u0000 of suitability of using selected technologies for timber extraction using \u0000 four criteria, and comparison with results of the analysis where the \u0000 criterion »distance from the skid road« has been excluded.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"63-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68307571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Pandur, D. Horvat, M. Šušnjar, M. Zorić, D. Benić, Matija Bakarić
In the last few years, with the start of wood biomass production from wood residues, the need for determining the quantity of extracted wood residuals on a landing site has appeared. The beginning of intensive usage of wood residues for wood biomass starts in lowland forest where all wood residues are extracted with forwarders. There are several ways to determine load mass on a forwarder, first and probably most accurate is the use of load cells which are installed between forwarder undercarriage and loading space. In Croatia, as far as it is known, there is no forwarder with such equipment, although manufacturers offer the installation of such equipment when buying a new forwarder. The second option is using a portable measuring platform (axle scale) which was already used for research of axle loads of trucks and forwarders. The data obtained with the measuring platform are very accurate, while its deficiency is relatively great mass, large dimensions and high price. The third option is determining mass by using hydraulic dynamometer which is installed on crane between the rotator and the telescopic boom. The production and installation of such a system is very simple, and with the price it can easily compete with previously described measuring systems. The main deficiency of this system is its unsatisfying accuracy. The results of assortment mass measuring with hydraulic dynamometer installed on a hydraulic crane and discussion on factors influencing obtained results will be presented in this paper.
{"title":"Applicability of hydraulic dynamometer for measuring load mass on forwarders","authors":"Z. Pandur, D. Horvat, M. Šušnjar, M. Zorić, D. Benić, Matija Bakarić","doi":"10.2298/GSF15S1101P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF15S1101P","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, with the start of wood biomass production from wood \u0000 residues, the need for determining the quantity of extracted wood residuals \u0000 on a landing site has appeared. The beginning of intensive usage of wood \u0000 residues for wood biomass starts in lowland forest where all wood residues \u0000 are extracted with forwarders. There are several ways to determine load mass \u0000 on a forwarder, first and probably most accurate is the use of load cells \u0000 which are installed between forwarder undercarriage and loading space. In \u0000 Croatia, as far as it is known, there is no forwarder with such equipment, \u0000 although manufacturers offer the installation of such equipment when buying a \u0000 new forwarder. The second option is using a portable measuring platform (axle \u0000 scale) which was already used for research of axle loads of trucks and \u0000 forwarders. The data obtained with the measuring platform are very accurate, \u0000 while its deficiency is relatively great mass, large dimensions and high \u0000 price. The third option is determining mass by using hydraulic dynamometer \u0000 which is installed on crane between the rotator and the telescopic boom. The \u0000 production and installation of such a system is very simple, and with the \u0000 price it can easily compete with previously described measuring systems. The \u0000 main deficiency of this system is its unsatisfying accuracy. The results of \u0000 assortment mass measuring with hydraulic dynamometer installed on a hydraulic \u0000 crane and discussion on factors influencing obtained results will be \u0000 presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"59 1","pages":"101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of steaming on drying quality and colour of beech timber.","authors":"G. Milić, N. Todorović, R. Popadić","doi":"10.2298/GSF1512083M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1512083M","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"83-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68306785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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