Nenad Visnjevac, Ž. Cvijetinović, B. Bajat, Boris Radić, R. Ristić, V. Milčanović
Very often, outputs provided by GIS functions and analysis are assumed as exact results. However, they are influenced by certain uncertainty which may affect the decisions based on those results. It is very complex and almost impossible to calculate that uncertainty using classical mathematical models because of very complex algorithms that are used in GIS analyses. In this paper we discuss an alternative method, i.e. the use of stochastic Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the uncertainty of flow accumulation. The case study area included the broader area of the Municipality of Cacak, where Monte Carlo stochastic simulations were applied in order to create one hundred possible outputs of flow accumulation. A statistical analysis was performed on the basis of these versions, and the "most likely" version of flow accumulation in association with its confidence bounds (standard deviation) was created. Further, this paper describes the most important phases in the process of estimating uncertainty, such as variogram modelling and chooses the right number of simulations. Finally, it makes suggestions on how to effectively use and discuss the results and their practical significance.
{"title":"Estimation of flow accumulation uncertainty by Monte Carlo stochastic simulations.","authors":"Nenad Visnjevac, Ž. Cvijetinović, B. Bajat, Boris Radić, R. Ristić, V. Milčanović","doi":"10.2298/GSF1308007V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1308007V","url":null,"abstract":"Very often, outputs provided by GIS functions and analysis are assumed as exact results. However, they are influenced by certain uncertainty which may affect the decisions based on those results. It is very complex and almost impossible to calculate that uncertainty using classical mathematical models because of very complex algorithms that are used in GIS analyses. In this paper we discuss an alternative method, i.e. the use of stochastic Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the uncertainty of flow accumulation. The case study area included the broader area of the Municipality of Cacak, where Monte Carlo stochastic simulations were applied in order to create one hundred possible outputs of flow accumulation. A statistical analysis was performed on the basis of these versions, and the \"most likely\" version of flow accumulation in association with its confidence bounds (standard deviation) was created. Further, this paper describes the most important phases in the process of estimating uncertainty, such as variogram modelling and chooses the right number of simulations. Finally, it makes suggestions on how to effectively use and discuss the results and their practical significance.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"93 1","pages":"7-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Milenković, N. Keča, M. Zlatković, A. Nowakowska, T. Oszako, D. Karadžić
Numerous studies have shown that several Phytophthora species are directly connected with the tree decline in various forests, and that these organisms are the main cause of decay and loss of fine roots, necrosis as well as of the wounds of mother roots. Due to the previously recorded symptoms and high risk to forestry and biodiversity posed by the presence of these species, a study was performed in the Forest Estate „Sumarstvo“ - Raska, in the forest management unit „Turjak-Vrsine“, Forest administration in Novi Pazar. The aims of the research were to isolate and identify the Phytophthora species and their associated hosts. The samples of rhizophere soil, water and necrotic tissues were taken, and the isolation was performed according to a known methodology, using baits and direct setting of tissue culture on the media. Eleven hosts were tested, five hosts were positive and a total of 29 isolates were obtained. The hosts with the most isolates obtained were Alnus glutinosa with 12 and Fagus sylvatica with 7 isolates. The most frequently isolated species was Phytophthora plurivora, which occurred on three hosts. P. cactorum was also obtained, and the identification of five other isolates is currently going on. This is the first record of P. plurivora, P. gonapodyides and Phytophthora spp. on alder trees in Serbia. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 37008: Održivo gazdovanje ukupnim potencijalima suma u Republici Srbiji]
大量研究表明，几种疫霉物种与各种森林的树木衰退有直接关系，这些生物是造成细根腐烂和丧失、坏死以及母根损伤的主要原因。由于以前记录的症状以及这些物种的存在对林业和生物多样性构成的高风险，在新帕扎尔森林管理局森林管理单位“turjak - vrsin”的“Sumarstvo”- Raska森林庄园进行了一项研究。本研究的目的是分离和鉴定疫霉菌及其相关寄主。取根际土壤、水和坏死组织样品，采用已知的方法，采用诱饵法和培养基上直接组织培养法进行分离。共检测宿主11个，阳性宿主5个，分离得到29株。分离菌株最多的寄主是Alnus glutinosa(12株)和Fagus sylvatica(7株)。最常见的分离种是疫霉(Phytophthora plurivora)，发生在3个寄主上。还获得了仙人掌芽孢杆菌，目前正在鉴定其他5个分离株。这是塞尔维亚桤木上首次记录的多角孢霉、gonapodyides和疫霉。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;TR 37008: Održivo gazdovanje ukupnim potenticijalima suma u Republici Srbiji]
{"title":"Occurrence of Phytophthora species in the management unit 'Turjak-Vršine'","authors":"I. Milenković, N. Keča, M. Zlatković, A. Nowakowska, T. Oszako, D. Karadžić","doi":"10.2298/GSF1308109M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1308109M","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have shown that several Phytophthora species are directly connected with the tree decline in various forests, and that these organisms are the main cause of decay and loss of fine roots, necrosis as well as of the wounds of mother roots. Due to the previously recorded symptoms and high risk to forestry and biodiversity posed by the presence of these species, a study was performed in the Forest Estate „Sumarstvo“ - Raska, in the forest management unit „Turjak-Vrsine“, Forest administration in Novi Pazar. The aims of the research were to isolate and identify the Phytophthora species and their associated hosts. The samples of rhizophere soil, water and necrotic tissues were taken, and the isolation was performed according to a known methodology, using baits and direct setting of tissue culture on the media. Eleven hosts were tested, five hosts were positive and a total of 29 isolates were obtained. The hosts with the most isolates obtained were Alnus glutinosa with 12 and Fagus sylvatica with 7 isolates. The most frequently isolated species was Phytophthora plurivora, which occurred on three hosts. P. cactorum was also obtained, and the identification of five other isolates is currently going on. This is the first record of P. plurivora, P. gonapodyides and Phytophthora spp. on alder trees in Serbia. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 37008: Održivo gazdovanje ukupnim potencijalima suma u Republici Srbiji]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"109-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents morphological indicators of the quality of one-year-old seedlings of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) with special reference to their correlations. The examined parameters were: length, diameter, weight of the aboveground and underground parts, number of buds, root volume, root length and leaf area. The ratio of heights was determined on the basis of the parameters derived: diameter, and the ratio of aboveground and underground parts of a seedling and the Quality Index. Height and diameter have proven to be good indicators of quality. Root volume has proven to be a better indicator of the quality of seedlings than root length. The weight ratio of the aboveground and underground parts of broadleaved trees in the dry state must be defined in advance, both when the measurements are carried out with and without leaves. The Quality Index has proven to be the most comprehensive morphological indicator of quality.
{"title":"Morphological indicators of the quality of one-year-old bare-root seedlings of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.)","authors":"S. Stjepanović, V. Ivetić","doi":"10.2298/GSF1307201S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1307201S","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents morphological indicators of the quality of one-year-old seedlings of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) with special reference to their correlations. The examined parameters were: length, diameter, weight of the aboveground and underground parts, number of buds, root volume, root length and leaf area. The ratio of heights was determined on the basis of the parameters derived: diameter, and the ratio of aboveground and underground parts of a seedling and the Quality Index. Height and diameter have proven to be good indicators of quality. Root volume has proven to be a better indicator of the quality of seedlings than root length. The weight ratio of the aboveground and underground parts of broadleaved trees in the dry state must be defined in advance, both when the measurements are carried out with and without leaves. The Quality Index has proven to be the most comprehensive morphological indicator of quality.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"205-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68305094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern economies are characterized by a growing importance of cooperation and the creation of networks of enterprises, organizations and institutions, which are all part of a supply chain, in order to achieve competitive advantage in a market. The aim of this study was to determine the structure of the supply chains of non-wood forest products in selected forest areas of Central Serbia (Golijsko, Podrinjsko-kolubarsko, Posavsko-podunavsko, Rasinsko and Tarsko-zlatiborsko FAs). The comparative method was applied in this paper, along with the method of specialization (classification), the method of structural partial analysis (supply chain analysis) and the statistical method (analysis of frequencies and two-step cluster). The data collection was conducted in 2011, by using the technique of door-to-door survey. The analysis of the basic types of the supply chains of non-wood forest products and their main stages (purchasing, processing and placement) was conducted in the selected areas. A cluster analysis showed that there were six basic types of supply chains in the selected forest areas and one dominant type. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 443007/16 –III: Istraživanja klimatskih promena i njihovog uticaja na životnu sredinu -pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje, podprojekat: Socio-ekonomski razvoj, ublažavanje i adaptacija na klimatske promene]
现代经济的特点是合作和企业、组织和机构网络的创建日益重要，这些都是供应链的一部分，以便在市场上获得竞争优势。本研究的目的是确定中塞尔维亚选定林区(Golijsko、Podrinjsko-kolubarsko、Posavsko-podunavsko、Rasinsko和Tarsko-zlatiborsko FAs)非木材林产品供应链的结构。本文采用了比较法、专门化法(分类)、结构偏分析法(供应链分析)和统计方法(频率分析和两步聚类分析)。数据收集于2011年进行，采用上门调查的方法。在选定的区域对非木质林产品供应链的基本类型及其主要阶段(采购、加工和投放)进行了分析。聚类分析表明，所选林区存在6种基本供应链类型和1种主导供应链类型。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;443007/16 -III: Istraživanja klimatskih promena i njihovog uticaja životnu sredinu -pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje, podprojekat: socioekonomski razvoj, ublažavanje i adaptacija na klimatske promene]
{"title":"Typology of the supply chains of non-wood forest products in central Serbia","authors":"Dragan Nonic, N. Ranković, J. Nedeljković","doi":"10.2298/GSF1308147N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1308147N","url":null,"abstract":"Modern economies are characterized by a growing importance of cooperation and the creation of networks of enterprises, organizations and institutions, which are all part of a supply chain, in order to achieve competitive advantage in a market. The aim of this study was to determine the structure of the supply chains of non-wood forest products in selected forest areas of Central Serbia (Golijsko, Podrinjsko-kolubarsko, Posavsko-podunavsko, Rasinsko and Tarsko-zlatiborsko FAs). The comparative method was applied in this paper, along with the method of specialization (classification), the method of structural partial analysis (supply chain analysis) and the statistical method (analysis of frequencies and two-step cluster). The data collection was conducted in 2011, by using the technique of door-to-door survey. The analysis of the basic types of the supply chains of non-wood forest products and their main stages (purchasing, processing and placement) was conducted in the selected areas. A cluster analysis showed that there were six basic types of supply chains in the selected forest areas and one dominant type. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 443007/16 –III: Istraživanja klimatskih promena i njihovog uticaja na životnu sredinu -pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje, podprojekat: Socio-ekonomski razvoj, ublažavanje i adaptacija na klimatske promene]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"145-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68305351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Kovačević, D. Miladinović, M. Katanić, Z. Tomović, S. Pekec
The effect of low initial medium pH on shoot and root development of five white poplar (Populus alba L.) genotypes was tested. The shoot height, fresh mass of shoots per jar, dry mass of shoots per jar, number of roots, as well as the length of the longest root were measured and final pH of the media determined, after 35 days of culture in vitro. Three initial pH values of the medium were tested: 3.0, 4.0 and 5.5 as control. Agar solidification at pH 3.0 was not achieved after sterilization in autoclave, but it was successful after sterilizing in a microwave oven. The obtained results indicate that the tested genotypes are able to significantly influence the changes of media pH during culture. The effect of differences among the examined media was significant for biomass accumulation and final media pH. Generally, significantly higher values of fresh and dry shoot mass, shoot height and the longest root length were recorded on a medium with initial pH 3.0 then on a standard medium with pH 5.5.The implications of the obtained results for the improvement of in vitro propagation of white poplars are discussed. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Studying climate change and its influence on the environment: impacts, adaptation and mitigation]
试验了低初始培养基pH对5个基因型白杨(Populus alba L.)茎和根发育的影响。在离体培养35 d后，测定培养基的株高、瓶内鲜枝质量、瓶内干枝质量、根数和最长根长度，并测定培养基的最终pH值。培养基初始pH分别为3.0、4.0和5.5作为对照。在高压灭菌器灭菌后，琼脂在pH 3.0下没有凝固，但在微波炉灭菌后，琼脂在pH 3.0下凝固成功。结果表明，所测基因型对培养过程中培养基pH的变化有显著影响。不同培养基之间的差异对生物量积累和最终培养基pH的影响显著。一般来说，初始pH为3.0的培养基上的鲜枝和干枝质量、茎高和最长根长显著高于pH为5.5的标准培养基。讨论了所得结果对白杨离体繁殖改良的意义。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;[437 .研究气候变化及其对环境的影响:影响、适应和减缓]
{"title":"The effect of low initial medium pH on in vitro white poplar growth.","authors":"B. Kovačević, D. Miladinović, M. Katanić, Z. Tomović, S. Pekec","doi":"10.2298/GSF1308067K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1308067K","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of low initial medium pH on shoot and root development of five white poplar (Populus alba L.) genotypes was tested. The shoot height, fresh mass of shoots per jar, dry mass of shoots per jar, number of roots, as well as the length of the longest root were measured and final pH of the media determined, after 35 days of culture in vitro. Three initial pH values of the medium were tested: 3.0, 4.0 and 5.5 as control. Agar solidification at pH 3.0 was not achieved after sterilization in autoclave, but it was successful after sterilizing in a microwave oven. The obtained results indicate that the tested genotypes are able to significantly influence the changes of media pH during culture. The effect of differences among the examined media was significant for biomass accumulation and final media pH. Generally, significantly higher values of fresh and dry shoot mass, shoot height and the longest root length were recorded on a medium with initial pH 3.0 then on a standard medium with pH 5.5.The implications of the obtained results for the improvement of in vitro propagation of white poplars are discussed. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Studying climate change and its influence on the environment: impacts, adaptation and mitigation]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68305100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two permanent sample plots in Morovic were analyzed in terms of the structure of trees felled in a sanitation felling in pedunculate oak stands aged 118-135 and 123-140 years. The stands belong to the most common types of hygrophile and mesophile pedunculate oak forests in the area of Flat Srem. The measurements of stem diameters, tree heights and the assessment of damage to trees were performed in 1994 and 2011. In 1994, the percentage of dead and severely damaged trees on the sample plots amounted to 28% and 40%, and in 2011 the share of severely damaged trees accounted for 19% and 22%. During the sanitation fellings in the period 1994-2011 the average annual harvested volume of damaged and dead trees was 1.85 and 1.59 times higher than the current increment of the remaining trees in that period. In 1994 the percentage of dead and severely damaged trees in the structure of sanitary felling ranged from 62 to 88%. The sanitation felling served to rehabilitate the unfavourable state from 1994 to a large extent, but the trend of dying trees remained strong until today. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu: pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje]
在Morovic的两个永久样地，对118-135年和123-140年树龄的有花序栎林的卫生采伐中砍伐的树木的结构进行了分析。这些林分属于平原林地区最常见的亲湿型和中温型有花序栎林。1994年和2011年分别进行了茎粗测量、树高测量和树木损害评估。1994年样地树木死亡和严重受损比例分别为28%和40%，2011年严重受损比例分别为19%和22%。1994-2011年环卫采伐期间，毁林和枯死树木的年平均采伐量分别是同期剩余树木生长量的1.85倍和1.59倍。1994年，卫生采伐结构中死亡和严重受损树木的百分比从62%到88%不等。从1994年开始，卫生采伐在很大程度上恢复了不利的状态，但直到今天，树木死亡的趋势仍然很强烈。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;[437: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu: pracenje uticja, adaptacija i ublažavanje]
{"title":"Devitalization and sanitation fellings on permanent sample plots in the stands of pedunculate oak in Morović in the period 1994-2011.","authors":"A. Bauer, M. Bobinac, S. Andrašev, S. Rončević","doi":"10.2298/GSF1307007B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1307007B","url":null,"abstract":"Two permanent sample plots in Morovic were analyzed in terms of the structure of trees felled in a sanitation felling in pedunculate oak stands aged 118-135 and 123-140 years. The stands belong to the most common types of hygrophile and mesophile pedunculate oak forests in the area of Flat Srem. The measurements of stem diameters, tree heights and the assessment of damage to trees were performed in 1994 and 2011. In 1994, the percentage of dead and severely damaged trees on the sample plots amounted to 28% and 40%, and in 2011 the share of severely damaged trees accounted for 19% and 22%. During the sanitation fellings in the period 1994-2011 the average annual harvested volume of damaged and dead trees was 1.85 and 1.59 times higher than the current increment of the remaining trees in that period. In 1994 the percentage of dead and severely damaged trees in the structure of sanitary felling ranged from 62 to 88%. The sanitation felling served to rehabilitate the unfavourable state from 1994 to a large extent, but the trend of dying trees remained strong until today. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007: Istraživanje klimatskih promena na životnu sredinu: pracenje uticaja, adaptacija i ublažavanje]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"7-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Pantić, B. Tubic, M. Marinković, Dragan Borota, Snežana Obradović
In situations where it is necessary to consider a variety of options when making decisions in forestry (and in general), with the choice influenced by hardly comparable criteria and a number of conflicting interests, a possible solution is to use multiple criteria methods. One of these methods, which can be applied in forestry, is mathematical programming (in particular, linear programming). Linear programming has a long tradition of being used in the U.S. and European forestry, whereas in the forestry of Serbia it still represents a theoretically and practically unknown tool. Therefore, in this paper we analyze the possibility of applying the methods of linear programming in developing a plan of regeneration cutting in the poplar plantations of FMU "Topolik" managed by PE "Vojvodinasume." Using the aimed function (linear programming) and the corresponding software package the maximum yield that can be achieved by cutting the plantation was obtained. The planned management period was from 2012 to 2021 and its volume was 155 852 m3. The preset condition that the yield in half-periods remains equal was fulfilled (half-period I 77,925 m3, half-period II 77,927 m3). The maximum yield obtained with this methodology was by 4,040 m3 lower than the theoretically possible yield that would be obtained if all stands were cut down at the end of the second half-period, i.e. higher by 8,430 m3 than the yield that would be obtained if cutting of the stands were performed at the start of the management period. The results obtained and foreign experience in this area clearly indicate that linear programming can successfully be used to solve this problem and even more complex problems (than the one presented in this paper) in our local forest practice (multidimensional planning with a series of constraints). [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 37008: Održivo gazdovanje ukupnim potencijalima suma u Republici Srbiji]
在对林业(和一般情况)作出决定时必须考虑多种选择的情况下，由于选择受到难以比较的标准和若干相互冲突的利益的影响，一种可能的解决办法是使用多种标准方法。其中一种可以应用于林业的方法是数学规划(特别是线性规划)。线性规划在美国和欧洲的林业中有着悠久的传统，而在塞尔维亚的林业中，它仍然是一个理论上和实践上未知的工具。因此，本文分析了应用线性规划方法制定“Topolik”杨树人工林“Vojvodinasume”管理的再生采伐计划的可能性。利用目标函数(线性规划)和相应的软件包，得到了采伐人工林所能达到的最大产量。规划管理期限为2012年至2021年，容量为155 852立方米。满足了半期产量不变的预设条件(半期77,925 m3，半期77,927 m3)。用这种方法获得的最大产量比在第二个半期结束时砍掉所有林分的理论可能产量低4,040立方米，即比在管理期开始时砍掉林分的产量高8,430立方米。已有的结果和国外在这一领域的经验清楚地表明，线性规划可以成功地用于解决这一问题，甚至更复杂的问题(比本文提出的问题)，在我们当地的森林实践(具有一系列约束的多维规划)。[南斯拉夫]塞族共和国部长项目;[37008: Održivo gazdovanje ukupnim potenticijalima suma u Republici Srbiji]
{"title":"Opportunities for the application of linear programming in forest management planning","authors":"D. Pantić, B. Tubic, M. Marinković, Dragan Borota, Snežana Obradović","doi":"10.2298/gsf1307171p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gsf1307171p","url":null,"abstract":"In situations where it is necessary to consider a variety of options when making decisions in forestry (and in general), with the choice influenced by hardly comparable criteria and a number of conflicting interests, a possible solution is to use multiple criteria methods. One of these methods, which can be applied in forestry, is mathematical programming (in particular, linear programming). Linear programming has a long tradition of being used in the U.S. and European forestry, whereas in the forestry of Serbia it still represents a theoretically and practically unknown tool. Therefore, in this paper we analyze the possibility of applying the methods of linear programming in developing a plan of regeneration cutting in the poplar plantations of FMU \"Topolik\" managed by PE \"Vojvodinasume.\" Using the aimed function (linear programming) and the corresponding software package the maximum yield that can be achieved by cutting the plantation was obtained. The planned management period was from 2012 to 2021 and its volume was 155 852 m3. The preset condition that the yield in half-periods remains equal was fulfilled (half-period I 77,925 m3, half-period II 77,927 m3). The maximum yield obtained with this methodology was by 4,040 m3 lower than the theoretically possible yield that would be obtained if all stands were cut down at the end of the second half-period, i.e. higher by 8,430 m3 than the yield that would be obtained if cutting of the stands were performed at the start of the management period. The results obtained and foreign experience in this area clearly indicate that linear programming can successfully be used to solve this problem and even more complex problems (than the one presented in this paper) in our local forest practice (multidimensional planning with a series of constraints). [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 37008: Održivo gazdovanje ukupnim potencijalima suma u Republici Srbiji]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"175-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most commonly used morphological attributes were correlated with nu- trient concentration in order to standardize quality assessment of two-year-old hop hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.) seedlings. Diameter has proven to be the best single morphological indicator of seedling quality given its strong positive correla- tion with all other observed morphological attributes. Seedling dry mass (shoot and root dry mass) and Dickson Quality Index can be considered the most comprehen- sive indicators of hop hornbeam seedling quality. However, the measuring of mass is destructive and requires a certain amount of time. The absence of strong correla- tions between physiological and morphological attributes of two-year old seedlings of hop hornbeam suggests the need for further research. The only significant corre - lation between physiological and morphological attributes (weak and positive) was recorded between the potassium concentration in root and root collar diameter after the second growing season.
{"title":"Relationship between morphological and physiological attributes of hop hornbeam seedlings","authors":"V. Ivetić, Zoran Davorija, D. Vilotić","doi":"10.2298/GSF1308039I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1308039I","url":null,"abstract":"Most commonly used morphological attributes were correlated with nu- trient concentration in order to standardize quality assessment of two-year-old hop hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.) seedlings. Diameter has proven to be the best single morphological indicator of seedling quality given its strong positive correla- tion with all other observed morphological attributes. Seedling dry mass (shoot and root dry mass) and Dickson Quality Index can be considered the most comprehen- sive indicators of hop hornbeam seedling quality. However, the measuring of mass is destructive and requires a certain amount of time. The absence of strong correla- tions between physiological and morphological attributes of two-year old seedlings of hop hornbeam suggests the need for further research. The only significant corre - lation between physiological and morphological attributes (weak and positive) was recorded between the potassium concentration in root and root collar diameter after the second growing season.","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"39-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Cvjetićanin, O. Kosanin, M. Krstić, M. Perović, M. Novakovic-Vukovic
This research was carried out in natural stands of sessile oak (Quercus petraea agg. Ehrendorfer 1967) on Miroc mountain. Three comunities were investigated: Pure sessile oak forest (Quercetum montanum Cer. et Jov. 1953. s.l.), sessile oak-common hornbeam forest (Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum Rud. 1949. s.l.) and sessile oak-balkan beech forest (Querco-Fagetum Glis. 1971). Pure sessile oak forests are found on the following soils: dystric ranker and acid cambic soil on sandstone, dystric ranker and acid cambisols on phyllite, and acid cambic soil on schists. Sessile oak-hornbeam forests grow on sandstone, granite and schists. Sessile oak-beech forests are found on acid cambisol on phyllite and sandstone conglomerate. Various ecological conditions (exposition, slope, altitude, soil types and bedrock) on Mt Miroc caused the occurence of diverse sessile oak forest communities, while different states of these forest stands resulted from the implementation of management measures. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 37008: Održivo gazdovanje ukupnim potencijalima suma u Republici Srbiji]
{"title":"Phytocenological and edaphic characteristics of sessile oak forests on miroč mt in northeastern Serbia.","authors":"R. Cvjetićanin, O. Kosanin, M. Krstić, M. Perović, M. Novakovic-Vukovic","doi":"10.2298/GSF120425001C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF120425001C","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out in natural stands of sessile oak (Quercus petraea agg. Ehrendorfer 1967) on Miroc mountain. Three comunities were investigated: Pure sessile oak forest (Quercetum montanum Cer. et Jov. 1953. s.l.), sessile oak-common hornbeam forest (Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum Rud. 1949. s.l.) and sessile oak-balkan beech forest (Querco-Fagetum Glis. 1971). Pure sessile oak forests are found on the following soils: dystric ranker and acid cambic soil on sandstone, dystric ranker and acid cambisols on phyllite, and acid cambic soil on schists. Sessile oak-hornbeam forests grow on sandstone, granite and schists. Sessile oak-beech forests are found on acid cambisol on phyllite and sandstone conglomerate. Various ecological conditions (exposition, slope, altitude, soil types and bedrock) on Mt Miroc caused the occurence of diverse sessile oak forest communities, while different states of these forest stands resulted from the implementation of management measures. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 37008: Održivo gazdovanje ukupnim potencijalima suma u Republici Srbiji]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"1 1","pages":"27-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68303065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Djukic, Danijela Djunisijevic-Bojovic, M. Grbic, M. Marković
Propagation by cuttings is one of the most successful methods of vegetative propagation of floral crops. In addition to applications in interior decoration, ficuses belong to the group of plants that will potentially be used in green spaces of Belgrade due to global climate changes. In this paper, the possibility of rooting stimulated by adding different concentrations of the indolbytric acid phytohormone was investigated in the commonly cultivated species Ficus benjamina L. and Ficus elastica Roxb.. This is the most commonly used phytohormone in the propagation of ornamental plants due to its stability and stimulation of the rooting process, i.e. its favourable impact on the formation of adventitious roots, their size, number and weight. In this research, the rooting percent of cuttings was 100 % in F. benjamina and 77.66 % in F. elastica. It was found that the highest dose (2 %) of the phytohormone significantly increased all indicators of rooting success in F. benjamina and that the application of weaker concentrations also showed good success. The rooting of F. elastica cuttings was not successful without phytohormones, and the best results were achieved at the phytohormone concentration of 2 %, which increased the dry weight of the roots of this ficus about 4 times. It would be useful to examine higher concentrations of this phytohormone and also some combinations with other rooting stimulators, to be able to make sound recommendations on the optimal dose for the mass production of these ficuses. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007]
{"title":"Effect of indole-butyric acid on the rooting of ficus cuttings.","authors":"M. Djukic, Danijela Djunisijevic-Bojovic, M. Grbic, M. Marković","doi":"10.2298/GSF1307083D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/GSF1307083D","url":null,"abstract":"Propagation by cuttings is one of the most successful methods of vegetative propagation of floral crops. In addition to applications in interior decoration, ficuses belong to the group of plants that will potentially be used in green spaces of Belgrade due to global climate changes. In this paper, the possibility of rooting stimulated by adding different concentrations of the indolbytric acid phytohormone was investigated in the commonly cultivated species Ficus benjamina L. and Ficus elastica Roxb.. This is the most commonly used phytohormone in the propagation of ornamental plants due to its stability and stimulation of the rooting process, i.e. its favourable impact on the formation of adventitious roots, their size, number and weight. In this research, the rooting percent of cuttings was 100 % in F. benjamina and 77.66 % in F. elastica. It was found that the highest dose (2 %) of the phytohormone significantly increased all indicators of rooting success in F. benjamina and that the application of weaker concentrations also showed good success. The rooting of F. elastica cuttings was not successful without phytohormones, and the best results were achieved at the phytohormone concentration of 2 %, which increased the dry weight of the roots of this ficus about 4 times. It would be useful to examine higher concentrations of this phytohormone and also some combinations with other rooting stimulators, to be able to make sound recommendations on the optimal dose for the mass production of these ficuses. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 43007]","PeriodicalId":30149,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Sumarskog Fakulteta Univerzitet u Beogradu","volume":"2013 1","pages":"87-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68304437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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