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A szivacsos csont mechanikai anizotrópiájának mérése mikroszerkezeti végeselemes szimuláció segítségével, a szerkezeti anizotrópia figyelembe vételével 考虑结构各向异性的海绵骨力学各向异性的微观结构有限元模拟测量
Pub Date : 2015-11-24 DOI: 10.15289/bh.v8i1.207
Lakatos Éva, Nagy Dominik, Dobó-Nagy Csaba
Normal 0 21 false false false HU X-NONE X-NONE Jelen vizsgalat celja a foggyoker kornyezeteben, a terhelesek hatasara kialakulo anizotropia merese volt. A vizsgalatokhoz 10 kulonboző koru ferfi es nő allcsontjabol szarmazo 10 darab mintat vetettunk ala mikro-CT vizsgalatnak. A szerkezeti anizotropia mereset beillesztett ellipszoidok – a csontallomany belső pontjai kornyezeteben a legnagyobb olyan ellipszoid, ami ugy irhato a pont kore, hogy belsejeben csak csontanyagot tartalmaz, es felulete erinti a velőureget – segitsegevel vegeztuk. Feltetelezve, hogy a szerkezeti es mechanikai anizotropia főiranyai megkozelitőleg egybeesnek, a kapott dominans iranyokban kivagott csontkockakra mikroszerkezeti vegeselemes modellt generalva lehetőve valt a szivacsos allcsont mechanikai anizotropiajanak kozelebbi megismerese. A mikroszerkezet vegeselemes szimulacioja segitsegevel merhető volt a foggyoker kornyezeteből szarmazo csontmintak eseten a mechanikai anizotropia foka es becsulhető a harom dominans iranybeli rugalmassagi modulus. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2015/1/01 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normal tablazat"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
正常0 21假假HU X-NONE X-NONE这项检查的结果是在牙齿gyoker kornyzetteben中,载荷的影响是各向异性的刚度。为了检查,对10个椎骨年龄的男性和女性亚骨的10个样本进行了显微CT检查。结构各向异性是在刚性插入椭球体的帮助下混合的——骨柱的内部点是檐口中最大的椭球体,可以写在该点的kore处,因为它内部只包含骨材料,根据其大小包含颈动脉。假设结构各向异性和机械各向异性的主要方向一致,通过推广在所获得的主要方向上对骨立方体进行的微观结构混合单元模型,可以更详细地了解海绵质底层的机械各向异性。借助于微观结构的混合元模拟,可以估计出armadium骨样品的机械各向异性程度和三种主要弹性模量。DOI:10.17489/biohun/2015/1/01/*样式定义*/table。MsoNormalTable{mso style name:“Normal tablazat”;mso tsstyle行带大小:0;mso ts style colband大小:0;mso填充alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;mso对位页边顶部:0cm;mso对位边距右侧:0cm;mso段落边距底部:10.0pt;mso对位左边距:0cm;线高:115%;mso分页:小部件孤立;字体大小:11.0pt;font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';mso-ascii font-family:宋体;mso-ascii主题字体:小拉丁文;mso-hansi font-family:宋体;mso-hansi主题字体:小拉丁文;mso-fareast语言:EN-US;}
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引用次数: 0
Effects of TKR implantation methods on the kinematics of the knee joint TKR植入方式对膝关节运动学的影响
Pub Date : 2015-07-20 DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2015/1/02
G. Balassa, B. Csizmadia
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引用次数: 0
Micro-FEM based mechanical anisotropy measurement of the trabecular bone, in view of the structural anisotropy 考虑结构各向异性,基于微有限元的骨小梁力学各向异性测量
Pub Date : 2015-07-20 DOI: 10.17489/BIOHUN/2015/1/01
É. Lakatos, D. Nagy, C. Dobó-Nagy
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic time warping analysis in post-stroke rehabilitation 脑卒中后康复的动态时间扭曲分析
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2014/2/06
B. Magyar, G. Stépán, M. Chen
Abstract This paper presents the application of the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm in the analysis of human functional movements in activities of daily living (ADLs). Dynamic Time Warping was originally developed for automatic speech recognition, though the method has been adopted by several fi elds of biomechanics. As a part of the post-stroke rehabilitation project COSMOSYS, the aim is to quantify the ADL performances of hemiparetic subjects, hence to be able to track their progress during physiotherapy. DOI: 10.17489/biohun/2014/2/06
摘要本文介绍了动态时间扭曲(DTW)算法在日常生活活动(ADLs)中人体功能运动分析中的应用。动态时间扭曲最初是为自动语音识别而开发的,尽管该方法已被生物力学的几个领域所采用。作为卒中后康复项目COSMOSYS的一部分,目的是量化偏瘫受试者的ADL表现,从而能够跟踪他们在物理治疗期间的进展。DOI: 10.17489 / biohun / 2014/2/06
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引用次数: 1
Scanning electron and optical microscopic studies of the system of porcine zonular fibres 猪带状纤维系统的扫描电子和光学显微镜研究
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.17489/BIOHUN/2014/2/01
Z. Bocskai, Z. Kiss, Gábor L Sándor, I. Bojtár, Z. Nagy
The mechanical behaviour of the zonular apparatus greatly affects the accommodation process because it moves out from the ciliary muscle and runs into the lens capsule. The zonular fi bres convey the force between the ciliary body and the crystalline lens. For the measurement of the mechanical properties of zonular fi bres is necessary to know its geometry. In this paper we analyzed the network of porcine zonular fi bres with scanning electron and optical microscope. We manifested that the porcine zonular fi bre system differs from human and monkey eyes. The thickness of the apparatus of intertwined zonular fi bres is approximately 45 m and the length from the origin to the insertion is about 1.5 mm. Based on these informations the input parameters of numerical modelling can be more precise to clarify the accommodation process.
晶状体的力学行为极大地影响了调节过程,因为它从睫状肌移出并进入晶状体囊。带状纤维传递睫状体和晶状体之间的力。为了测量带状纤维的力学性能,必须了解其几何形状。本文利用扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜对猪带状纤维的网络结构进行了分析。我们证明了猪的带状纤维系统不同于人类和猴子的眼睛。缠绕的带状纤维装置的厚度约为45m,从原点到插入点的长度约为1.5 mm。基于这些信息,数值模拟的输入参数可以更精确地阐明调节过程。
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引用次数: 1
Numerical investigation of the hemostasis process in transient blood flow 瞬时血流中止血过程的数值研究
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.17489/BIOHUN/2014/2/03
Gábor Závodszky, G. Paál
Abstract Thrombus formation is a thoroughly researched area, posing several unanswered questions. Quite many of the underlying processes are still not well understood. This uncertainty arises from the fact that the blood clotting mechanism in our bodies involves a rather complex reaction cascade with plenty of components. These underlying dynamic processes stretch over the domains of several disciplines (as there are biomechanical and biochemical reactions as well as fluid dynamical components). In this study the factors thought to be the most infl uential were selected and coupled with the transient fl ow fi eld that reacts not only to the cardiac pressure waves but also to the changing geometry of the vessel due to the clot formation. Although the number of degrees of freedom is reduced heavily, this model is already capable of qualitatively reproducing the results of in-vivo measured hemostasis. DOI:  10.17489/biohun/2014/2/03
血栓形成是一个深入研究的领域,提出了几个悬而未决的问题。相当多的潜在过程仍然没有得到很好的理解。这种不确定性源于这样一个事实,即我们体内的血液凝固机制涉及一个相当复杂的反应级联,有很多成分。这些潜在的动态过程跨越了几个学科的领域(因为有生物力学和生化反应以及流体动力学成分)。在这项研究中,被认为是最具影响力的因素被选中,并与瞬态流场相结合,瞬态流场不仅对心脏压力波起作用,而且对由于血栓形成而改变的血管几何形状起作用。虽然自由度的数量大大减少,但该模型已经能够定性地再现体内测量止血的结果。DOI: 10.17489 / biohun / 2014/2/03
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of moments acting on the pelvis in standing and in two different sitting postures 估计在站立和两种不同坐姿下作用在骨盆上的力矩
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.17489/BIOHUN/2014/2/05
B. Hera, József Zalavári
Abstract According to popular consideration prolonged sitting posture in work can cause pain at different regions of the back. Many researches aiming to defi ne the relationship between these two, and as a result of noticing the problem many design solutions can be found, some of which are considered as alternative. Healthy sitting posture should be mean that with anterior rotation of the pelvis the curve of the lumbar spine would be neutral or more preferably lordotic. In sitting the muscle balance changes thus there is more muscle activity needed for erection of the trunk and anterior rotation of the pelvis. In this study muscle activity in standing and in two different sitting postures is estimated as a difference of the two moments acting on the pelvis, which are the upper body weight moment and the passive elastic moment. Further investigation of the effects of hip-fl exing thigh muscles or other passive tissues on pelvic range of motion is warranted. DOI:  10.17489/biohun/2014/2/05
摘要:人们普遍认为,工作中长时间的坐姿会引起背部不同部位的疼痛。许多研究旨在定义这两者之间的关系,并且由于注意到这个问题,可以找到许多设计解决方案,其中一些被认为是可选的。健康的坐姿应该是指骨盆前旋时腰椎的弯曲是中性的,最好是前凸。坐着时,肌肉平衡会发生变化,因此躯干的勃起和骨盆的前旋需要更多的肌肉活动。在本研究中,站立和两种不同坐姿的肌肉活动被估计为作用于骨盆的两个力矩的差值,这两个力矩分别是上身重量力矩和被动弹性力矩。进一步研究髋部弯曲的大腿肌肉或其他被动组织对骨盆运动范围的影响是必要的。DOI: 10.17489 / biohun / 2014/2/05
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引用次数: 0
Compression test of the mandibular cortical bone: A cadaver study assessing formalin treated or macerated bone specimens 下颌骨皮质骨的压缩试验:一项评估福尔马林处理或浸泡骨标本的尸体研究
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.15289/BH.V7I2.193
János Simonovics, P. Bujtár, K. Varadi, A. Szűcs, Z. Fejér
Abstract Nowadays the examination of implants from engineering point of view is becoming more and more supported in the medical fi eld. Instead of the more problematic cadaver examination, the computer based simulations are growing more popular. The examinations must be validated to be able to stay with the realistic situation. Using these engineering methods it became possible to do measurements on the reconstructions of a human resectioned mandible. The creation of the bone models is one of the most varying fields in the biomechanical simulation. In the literature a wide range of Young modulus for the bone cortical layers can be found and these values are actively used even in different further fi nite element simulation researches. However the proper modeling of the cortical layer thickness and correctly calibrated mechanical parameter settings bare key importance regarding the stability and connection of the implants and the fi xing screws. The values of the Young modulus are depending on many factors, for example gender or even the age, not even mentioning further different infl uencing factors. In this study destructive biomechanical examinations were carried out on bones received from dead people. The samplings of the bone were conducted from the area of the screwing used in the mandible reconstruction. Considering the results it can be concluded that the values in the literature are often not as accurate. Regarding orthotropic values of the mandible, so far has only been a small segment of information was covered. The measured values are lower than the ones in the literature. In case of the highest value it is still 3.5 GPa Young modulus in the axial direction. The results can be used in order to create a more reliable model combined with a more realistic Young modulus for the fi nite element simulation of the bone models. On these models the different scenarios of the resection cases can be estimated more precisely with examinations. DOI:  10.17489/biohun/2014/2/02
摘要目前,从工程角度对植入物进行检查在医学领域得到越来越多的支持。代替更麻烦的尸体检查,基于计算机的模拟越来越受欢迎。考试必须经过验证,才能符合实际情况。使用这些工程方法,对人类切除的下颌骨的重建进行测量成为可能。骨模型的创建是生物力学模拟中变化最大的领域之一。在文献中可以发现骨皮质层的杨氏模量范围很广,这些值甚至在不同的进一步有限元模拟研究中也被积极使用。然而,皮质层厚度的正确建模和正确校准的机械参数设置对于种植体和固定螺钉的稳定性和连接至关重要。杨氏模量的数值取决于许多因素,例如性别甚至年龄,更不用说其他不同的影响因素。在这项研究中,破坏性的生物力学检查进行了骨头从死人。骨样本是从用于下颌骨重建的螺钉区域进行的。考虑到结果,可以得出结论,文献中的值往往不那么准确。关于下颌骨的正交异性值,到目前为止只覆盖了一小部分信息。实测值低于文献中的数值。当杨氏模量达到最大值时,轴向杨氏模量仍为3.5 GPa。该结果可用于建立更可靠的模型,并结合更真实的杨氏模量用于骨模型的有限元模拟。在这些模型上,通过检查可以更准确地估计切除病例的不同情况。DOI: 10.17489 / biohun / 2014/2/02
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of a large volume maxillofacial CBCT system-from biomechanical point of view-as a tool to build patient customized bio-models 从生物力学角度评估大容量颌面CBCT系统作为构建患者定制生物模型的工具
Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.17489/BIOHUN/2014/2/04
János Simonovics, P. Bujtár, K. Varadi, A. Szűcs, Z. Fejér
Abstract The number of patients diagnosed with cancer is reaching a scarily high number worldwide. This is no different in the area of mandible cancer. Unfortunately Hungary is quite high up in the ladder. The registered known number of patients with mandible cancer and the associated number of death occurrences are also showing signifi cant data in the country. However it is easy to diagnose, alcohol consumption and smoking or just bad oral hygiene really pushes the statistics. Inside the oral cavity, in case of mandible cancer and late diagnosis the only viable solution is the bone resection. To determine the extent of the cancer and to carefully plan the surgery procedure or in case of models which were created for biomechanical examinations, the medical science more and more often uses the image based processes and tools. Next to the realistically built models a more punctual mechanical parameter simulation becomes possible. It is highly important that the necessary information is extracted from the patients with the least stress. With the shortest time and smallest radiation the image must be made in a way that the scan can be well evaluated and it is usable. Within the current examination in the medical fi eld of imaging methods a gold standard MSCT and a specifi cally in the head-neck region used CBCT methods will be compared specifi cally from biomechanical modelling point of view. During the comparison the gray value was examined by the use of a cadaver head. The results show that the gray values provided by CBCT differs slightly from the MSCT values that is considered as reference. The more extent absolute error occurs with less frequency. Based on these facts the CBCT can be used for the density based material comparison for biomechanical models with less radiation dose. DOI:  10.17489/biohun/2014/2/04
摘要:在世界范围内,被诊断患有癌症的患者数量正在达到一个惊人的数字。这在下颌骨癌的区域没有什么不同。不幸的是,匈牙利的排名相当靠前。已登记的已知下颌骨癌患者人数和相关的死亡人数也显示了该国的重要数据。虽然很容易诊断,但饮酒、吸烟或口腔卫生不佳确实会增加统计数据。在口腔内,如果出现下颌骨癌和晚期诊断,唯一可行的解决办法是骨切除术。为了确定癌症的范围并仔细计划手术程序,或者在为生物力学检查创建模型的情况下,医学越来越多地使用基于图像的过程和工具。除了实际建立的模型之外,更精确的机械参数模拟成为可能。从压力最小的患者身上提取必要的信息是非常重要的。在最短的时间和最小的辐射下,必须以一种可以很好地评估扫描并可用的方式制作图像。在目前医学领域的检查成像方法中,一种黄金标准的MSCT和一种专门在头颈部区域使用的CBCT方法将从生物力学建模的角度进行比较。在比较过程中,使用尸体头部来检查灰度值。结果表明,CBCT提供的灰度值与作为参考的MSCT值略有不同。绝对误差范围越大,发生的频率越低。基于这些事实,CBCT可用于低辐射剂量生物力学模型的基于密度的材料比较。DOI: 10.17489 / biohun / 2014/2/04
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引用次数: 0
A portyázó kenyai Homo erectus portyázó肯尼亚直立人
Pub Date : 2014-11-04 DOI: 10.15289/bh.v6i2.130
Hágen András
Napjainkban az előallatok mozgassebessegeről sokat tudunk, kulonboző eszkozok segitsegevel, azonban a kihalt őslenyekről sokkal kevesebbet. A feltaras soran talalt csontmaradvanyokbol es nyomfossziliakbol kovetkeztethetunk az egykoron elt előleny felepitesere es mozgekonysagara. A biomechanika segitsegevel pedig valaszt kaphatunk a mozgasi sebessegere is. A kenyaban talalt 1,5 millio eves nyomokbol a biomechanikai ismeretek segitsegevel kiszamoltam egykori mozgassebesseget a toparti kornyezetben. A sebesseg meghatarozasahoz ketfele modszert alkalmaztam. Az egyik keplet felhasznalasaval 2,22 m/s sebesseget kaptunk, mig a masik keplet felhasznalasaval megkaptam az ősember becsult futasi sebesseget, amely 3,21 m/s volt. A sebesseg meghatarozasabol kovetkeztethetunk a Homo erectus kornyezetere, valamint kolcsonhatasat a kornyezetre es a csaladjara (vadaszat). DOI:  10.17489/biohun/2013/2/09
如今,我们对在关键包裹工具的帮助下移动额头有了很多了解,但对灭绝的灵长类动物却知之甚少。从feltaras发现的骨骼遗骸和痕迹化石中,我们可以推断出前前额的上皮和活动性。借助生物力学,我们还可以得到运动速度的答案。我用了两个半模来确定速度。使用其中一顶帽子,我们得到了2.22米/秒的速度,而使用另一顶帽子时,我得到了原始人的估计跑步速度,为3.21米/秒。速度可以由直立人的角膜决定,也可以由角膜及其家族的绞痛效应决定(游戏)。DOI:10.17489/biohun/2013/2/09
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引用次数: 0
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Biomechanica Hungarica
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