Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.2.23
Małgorzata Durbas
In the conventional wisdom of the Enlightenment the topic of dwarfism as a medical disorder was not present. Dwarfs were sought after for and highly valued at European aristocratic and royal courts, but they stayed at the margins of social life because of their body build. The aim of this article is to discuss the first academic research connected with dwarfism on the example of King Stanislaw Leszczynki’s dwarf in Lunéville. Nicolas Ferry, known as Bébé, like other dwarfs during the trend of that time was a mascot of courtiers, up to his death at the age of 23 by the King’s side in the palace. The King, upset by the death of his prematurely aged pupil Bébé, ordered his doctors to examine the corpse. Part of the research material was sent to Paris to the Cabinet of Natural History (Cabinet d’Histoire Naturelle du Roi) of Count de Buffon, who started an examination. The case of the dwarf Bébé was described in the series Histoire naturelle... of 12 volumes in the section on quadrupeds. From the point of view of cultural controversies about dwarfism – nowadays treated as a disease in the medical model of disability – the case is an important question because it shows the beginning of the process of departing from the beliefs of the eighteenth century towards the first anatomical academic research.
在启蒙运动的传统智慧中，侏儒症作为一种医学疾病的话题并不存在。矮人在欧洲贵族和皇室中受到追捧和高度重视，但由于他们的体型，他们一直处于社会生活的边缘。本文的目的是讨论第一个与侏儒症相关的学术研究，以国王Stanislaw Leszczynki的侏儒症为例。尼古拉斯·费里(Nicolas Ferry)，像当时流行的其他侏儒一样，被称为b，是朝臣们的吉祥物，直到他23岁时在国王的宫殿里去世。英年早逝的学生bassimb的去世让国王很伤心，他命令医生检查尸体。部分研究资料被送到巴黎的布冯伯爵的自然历史馆(Cabinet d’histoire Naturelle du Roi)，布冯伯爵开始进行检查。《自然史》系列描述了侏儒b的案例。在十二卷四足动物部分中。从关于侏儒症的文化争论的角度来看——如今在残疾的医学模式中被视为一种疾病——这个案例是一个重要的问题，因为它表明了从18世纪的信念转向第一次解剖学学术研究的过程的开始。
{"title":"The first academic discourse about dwarfism in the eighteenth century on the example of the dwarf of Lunéville","authors":"Małgorzata Durbas","doi":"10.7494/human.2019.18.2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.2.23","url":null,"abstract":"In the conventional wisdom of the Enlightenment the topic of dwarfism as a medical disorder was not present. Dwarfs were sought after for and highly valued at European aristocratic and royal courts, but they stayed at the margins of social life because of their body build. The aim of this article is to discuss the first academic research connected with dwarfism on the example of King Stanislaw Leszczynki’s dwarf in Lunéville. Nicolas Ferry, known as Bébé, like other dwarfs during the trend of that time was a mascot of courtiers, up to his death at the age of 23 by the King’s side in the palace. The King, upset by the death of his prematurely aged pupil Bébé, ordered his doctors to examine the corpse. Part of the research material was sent to Paris to the Cabinet of Natural History (Cabinet d’Histoire Naturelle du Roi) of Count de Buffon, who started an examination. The case of the dwarf Bébé was described in the series Histoire naturelle... of 12 volumes in the section on quadrupeds. From the point of view of cultural controversies about dwarfism – nowadays treated as a disease in the medical model of disability – the case is an important question because it shows the beginning of the process of departing from the beliefs of the eighteenth century towards the first anatomical academic research.","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87747496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.3.55
T. Sierotowicz, Tomasz Sierotowicz
Background: Happiness and its determinants have been the subject of scientific inquiries as early as in the works of Aristotle. It has appeared in many fields of science. For example, in economics, Frank Knight indicated happiness as one of the three main factors of business success (1921). Nowadays, positive psychology also deals with success. Happiness is therefore an important success factor, not only in business, but also in the real life, career, and development of every human being (Brickman et al. 2016; Seligman 2005). Aim: The main research problem, as a case study, was to identify a definition of happiness, which would provide the opportunity to formulate a mathematical model, thus making it possible to measure levels of happiness. Materials and methods: Literature reviews on the definition of happiness were conducted to achieve the main aim. They resulted in identifying the proposals of Stanisław Lem, who in his futuristic works not only offers a definition of happiness but also describes a unit of its measurement and provides a recipe for it. This became the basis for designing a computer simulation of the definition of happiness as a kind of human experience. Results: A newly designed mathematical model was formulated that describes levels of happiness from a quantitative point of view, including a unit of its measurement. Conclusion: The designed mathematical model is complete and is the first example of the implementation of the definition of happiness described in literature. It is also the first step in the mathematical approach to happiness becoming the most important factor of human work, development, and success
背景:早在亚里士多德的著作中，幸福及其决定因素就一直是科学探究的主题。它出现在许多科学领域。例如，在经济学中，弗兰克·奈特指出幸福是商业成功的三个主要因素之一(1921年)。如今，积极心理学也研究成功。因此，幸福是一个重要的成功因素，不仅在商业上，而且在现实生活中，职业生涯，以及每个人的发展(Brickman et al. 2016;塞利格曼2005年)。目的:作为一个案例研究，主要的研究问题是确定幸福的定义，这将为制定一个数学模型提供机会，从而使衡量幸福水平成为可能。材料与方法:通过对幸福定义的文献综述来达到研究的主要目的。他们最终确定了Stanisław Lem的建议，他在他的未来主义作品中不仅给出了幸福的定义，还描述了一个衡量幸福的单位，并提供了一个方法。这成为了设计一个将幸福定义为一种人类体验的计算机模拟的基础。结果:一个新设计的数学模型从定量的角度描述了幸福水平，包括其测量单位。结论:设计的数学模型是完整的，是实现文献中描述的幸福定义的第一个例子。这也是幸福成为人类工作、发展和成功的最重要因素的数学方法的第一步
{"title":"MATHEMATICS AS A TOOL FOR LITERARY ANALYSIS. MEASURING HAPPINESS – A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEFINITION OF HAPPINESS IN STANISŁAW LEM","authors":"T. Sierotowicz, Tomasz Sierotowicz","doi":"10.7494/human.2019.18.3.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.3.55","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Happiness and its determinants have been the subject of scientific inquiries as early as in the works of Aristotle. It has appeared in many fields of science. For example, in economics, Frank Knight indicated happiness as one of the three main factors of business success (1921). Nowadays, positive psychology also deals with success. Happiness is therefore an important success factor, not only in business, but also in the real life, career, and development of every human being (Brickman et al. 2016; Seligman 2005). Aim: The main research problem, as a case study, was to identify a definition of happiness, which would provide the opportunity to formulate a mathematical model, thus making it possible to measure levels of happiness. Materials and methods: Literature reviews on the definition of happiness were conducted to achieve the main aim. They resulted in identifying the proposals of Stanisław Lem, who in his futuristic works not only offers a definition of happiness but also describes a unit of its measurement and provides a recipe for it. This became the basis for designing a computer simulation of the definition of happiness as a kind of human experience. Results: A newly designed mathematical model was formulated that describes levels of happiness from a quantitative point of view, including a unit of its measurement. Conclusion: The designed mathematical model is complete and is the first example of the implementation of the definition of happiness described in literature. It is also the first step in the mathematical approach to happiness becoming the most important factor of human work, development, and success","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86624080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.1.7
María Paula Malinowski Rubio
{"title":"The dynamics and orientation of changes in the attitude of Poles towards immigrants (refugees or non-refugees) and their links to terrorism over the last decades","authors":"María Paula Malinowski Rubio","doi":"10.7494/human.2019.18.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78725768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.3.45
D. Wasilewska
The goal of this article is first of all to describe the reception of exhibitions of Polish interwar art in the foreign press. I pay closer attention to those of exhibitions that were most prestigious and acclaimed, such as the Venice Biennale, where representatives of Polish art were juxtaposed with other countries’ pavilions and judged in comparison to them. It was the time of the battle against the radical avant-garde, accused of bringing art to a state of impasse, stagnation, or even slow agony. Most exhibitions of Polish art abroad were organized by Mieczysław Treter (1883–1943) a philosopher and art historian, but also an exhibition curator and director of TOSSPO (the Association for the Promotion of Polish Art Abroad), who faced a very difficult task trying to fulfil his mission to promote Polish art through exhibitions. He had to take into account this artistic climate and the dynamically changing situation on the art market, and respond to the expectations of foreign critics, who would examine the art of particular nations with the focus on manifestations of national style. On the other hand, he had to consider the opinions of the Polish artists and critics as well as pressures from the ministry and Polish diplomats
{"title":"INTERNATIONAL CRITICAL RECEPTION OF PROPAGANDIST EXHIBITIONS OF POLISH ART IN THE 1920S AND 1930S","authors":"D. Wasilewska","doi":"10.7494/human.2019.18.3.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.3.45","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this article is first of all to describe the reception of exhibitions of Polish interwar art in the foreign press. I pay closer attention to those of exhibitions that were most prestigious and acclaimed, such as the Venice Biennale, where representatives of Polish art were juxtaposed with other countries’ pavilions and judged in comparison to them. It was the time of the battle against the radical avant-garde, accused of bringing art to a state of impasse, stagnation, or even slow agony. Most exhibitions of Polish art abroad were organized by Mieczysław Treter (1883–1943) a philosopher and art historian, but also an exhibition curator and director of TOSSPO (the Association for the Promotion of Polish Art Abroad), who faced a very difficult task trying to fulfil his mission to promote Polish art through exhibitions. He had to take into account this artistic climate and the dynamically changing situation on the art market, and respond to the expectations of foreign critics, who would examine the art of particular nations with the focus on manifestations of national style. On the other hand, he had to consider the opinions of the Polish artists and critics as well as pressures from the ministry and Polish diplomats","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76262101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.4.59
I. Dudek, Malwina Szpitalak
The term ‘workaholism’ was first coined by Wayne Oates (1971), and since then it has been conceptualized in a variety of ways. Most researchers agree, however, that a defining feature of workaholism is that it involves an inner compulsion to work, in which people constantly think about work (Beiler-May et al. 2017). Conclusions on workaholism are often contradictory, which may reflect a shortage of research results (Burke 1999). This also applies to research on gender differences regarding workaholism and work-related variables. The results of several studies (e.g. Burgess, Burke and Oberklaid 2006; Burke 1999; Doerfler and Kammer 1986; Spence and Robbins 1992) have been equivocal (some of them indicate that there is no relationship between gender and workaholism, while others suggest that workaholism is related to gender). The purpose of this paper is to examine gender differences in five workaholism factors and the work-related variables of perfectionism and self-handicapping. Three hundred and fourteen participants (Mean age = 29.29; SD = 12.02) took part in the study. Questionnaires were administered in a paper version. Workaholism was measured using the 25-item Work Addiction Risk Test (Robinson 1998) in Polish adaptation (Wojdyło 2005), which measures different facets of workaholism (Obsession/Compulsion, Emotional Arousal/Perfectionism; Overdoing, Outcome Orientation and Self-Worth). To test perfectionism The Polish Adaptive and Maladaptive Perfectionism Questionnaire (Szczucka 2010) was used. Self-handicapping strategies were measured using the Anticipative Strategy of Self-Esteem Protection Scale (Doliński and Szmajke 1994). Females and males were found to differ on workaholism. Women were significantly higher on average in workaholism than men (a significant difference appeared in two of the five components: Overdoing and Emotional Arousal/Perfectionism). Females also reported higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism, which is considered as a workaholic job behavior. Gender differences have also been observed in self-handicapping strategies. Women were characterized by a stronger tendency towards self-justification then men. Males, on the other hand, declared stronger emotional resilience than women. These patterns of results are consistent with the results obtained in a previous study regarding gender differences in using self-handicapping strategies (Doliński and Szmajke 1994). The obtained results can be interpreted through the prism of the roles and tasks currently given to women. On the one hand, in light of social norms, a woman should take care of the household and family, while a man is responsible for earning money to support the family (Blair-Loy 2003). On the other hand, participation of women in the workforce is increasing (Peeters, Montgomery, Bakker and Schaufeli 2005), so they may find it difficult to reconcile work and fulfilling the demands of the roles of spouses, mothers or caregivers. Our study show that women may
“工作狂”这个词最早是由韦恩·奥茨(Wayne Oates, 1971)创造的，从那时起，它就以各种方式被概念化了。然而，大多数研究人员都认为，工作狂的一个决定性特征是，它涉及到一种内在的工作冲动，在这种冲动中，人们会不断地思考工作(beiller - may et al. 2017)。关于工作狂的结论往往是相互矛盾的，这可能反映了研究结果的不足(Burke 1999)。这也适用于关于工作狂和工作相关变量的性别差异的研究。几项研究的结果(例如Burgess, Burke和oberklay 2006;伯克1999;Doerfler and Kammer 1986;斯宾塞和罗宾斯(1992)一直模棱两可(其中一些人认为性别和工作狂之间没有关系，而另一些人则认为工作狂与性别有关)。摘要本研究旨在探讨五种工作狂因素的性别差异，以及完美主义和自我设限的工作相关变量。314名参与者(平均年龄29.29岁;SD = 12.02)参加了研究。问卷以纸质形式进行。在波兰改编(Wojdyło 2005)中，使用25项工作成瘾风险测试(Robinson 1998)对工作狂进行了测量，该测试测量了工作狂的不同方面(痴迷/强迫，情绪唤醒/完美主义;过度行为，结果导向和自我价值)。为了测试完美主义，我们使用了波兰适应性和非适应性完美主义问卷(Szczucka 2010)。自我阻碍策略采用自尊保护预估策略量表(Doliński和Szmajke 1994)进行测量。研究发现，女性和男性在工作狂问题上存在差异。女性的平均工作狂程度明显高于男性(在五个组成部分中，有两个出现了显著差异:过度工作和情绪唤起/完美主义)。女性也报告了更高水平的不适应完美主义，这被认为是工作狂的工作行为。在自我设限策略上也观察到性别差异。女性的特点是比男性更倾向于自我辩护。另一方面，男性的情绪恢复能力比女性强。这些结果模式与先前关于使用自我设限策略的性别差异的研究结果一致(Doliński和Szmajke 1994)。所获得的结果可以通过目前赋予妇女的角色和任务的棱镜来解释。一方面，根据社会规范，女性应该照顾家庭和家庭，而男性则负责挣钱养家(Blair-Loy 2003)。另一方面，妇女在劳动力中的参与正在增加(Peeters, Montgomery, Bakker和Schaufeli 2005)，因此她们可能会发现很难协调工作和履行配偶，母亲或照顾者角色的要求。我们的研究表明，女性可能会感到工作负担过重，而且她们在工作狂方面的情绪因素比男性要高。然而，人们可能会怀疑，女性的工作狂是否仍然被低估了。女性可能会发现，由于性别差异的社会规范和期望，她们更难以承认自己有一种内在的工作冲动(beiller - may etal . 2017: 109)。
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Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2021.20.3.7
Stella Grotowska, Maria Sroczyńska
{"title":"WPROWADZENIE: SOCJOLOGIA RELIGII WOBEC „FASCYNACJI” I „ODCZAROWANIA”","authors":"Stella Grotowska, Maria Sroczyńska","doi":"10.7494/human.2021.20.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2021.20.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84897816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.1.95
Jacek Neckar, M. Szlachta
The main aim of the present studies was to investigate the infl uence of social and cultural factors on gender diff erences in empathizing-systemizing. Study 1 was designed to control for the socially desirable responding in gender diff erences in empathizing-systemizing. In Study 2 we wanted to investigate whether the activation of gender stereotype would infl uence gender diff erences in the questionnaire and the ability test that measured empathizing-systemizing. Consistently across our two studies and the two measurement methods used (the questionnaire and the ability test), women scored higher in empathizing and the size of the eff ect was medium. Socially desirable responding had no eff ect on the size of gender diff erences in empathizing. However, the activation of the gender stereotype made respondents, especially women, present themselves as more empathetic persons. In addition, the stereotype activation produced a performance boost on the systemizing ability test in men, whereas no eff ect was observed in women.
{"title":"Gender differences in empathizing-systemizing - the influence of gender stereotype and socially desirable responding","authors":"Jacek Neckar, M. Szlachta","doi":"10.7494/human.2019.18.1.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.1.95","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of the present studies was to investigate the infl uence of social and cultural factors on gender diff erences in empathizing-systemizing. Study 1 was designed to control for the socially desirable responding in gender diff erences in empathizing-systemizing. In Study 2 we wanted to investigate whether the activation of gender stereotype would infl uence gender diff erences in the questionnaire and the ability test that measured empathizing-systemizing. Consistently across our two studies and the two measurement methods used (the questionnaire and the ability test), women scored higher in empathizing and the size of the eff ect was medium. Socially desirable responding had no eff ect on the size of gender diff erences in empathizing. However, the activation of the gender stereotype made respondents, especially women, present themselves as more empathetic persons. In addition, the stereotype activation produced a performance boost on the systemizing ability test in men, whereas no eff ect was observed in women.","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85417445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.2.59
W. Young
Many argue that climate change and environmental issues of this present day has been the direct or indirect result of man’s greed and unsustainable use of natural resources. These extremities were made more intense after the industrial revolution and the introduction of a more mechanised developing economy. In all these changes happening today, getting the right stakeholders on board is crucial. The study honed in on Catholic parishioners’ perceptions and aspirations on their church’s stance towards environmental issues in the developing and developed countries, with interest of the Catholic churches in Poland and Fiji. Results show that various disparities occur in both countries mainly due to historical events, economical might, tradition, leadership and political affiliations. What is important for such studies in both situations is identifying the opportunities which can be can be learned from these complexities.
{"title":"The influence of religion on public awareness of environmental issues in Europe and the Pacific; a comparative study of the catholic christian churches in Poland and Fiji","authors":"W. Young","doi":"10.7494/human.2019.18.2.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.2.59","url":null,"abstract":"Many argue that climate change and environmental issues of this present day has been the direct or indirect result of man’s greed and unsustainable use of natural resources. These extremities were made more intense after the industrial revolution and the introduction of a more mechanised developing economy. In all these changes happening today, getting the right stakeholders on board is crucial. The study honed in on Catholic parishioners’ perceptions and aspirations on their church’s stance towards environmental issues in the developing and developed countries, with interest of the Catholic churches in Poland and Fiji. Results show that various disparities occur in both countries mainly due to historical events, economical might, tradition, leadership and political affiliations. What is important for such studies in both situations is identifying the opportunities which can be can be learned from these complexities.","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87724718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.4.77
Edyta Tobiasiewicz
The purpose of this article is to present the state of current research, focusing on two theoretical categories, “gender” and “startup”. The text is based on an analysis of the literature on the subject in scientific journals from 2014 to 2018, and it shows in which aspects gender is most often studied, and how startup contexts are differentiated by gender. In addition, the article presents the conclusions of empirical research, focusing on the social dimensions of innovative structures – such as startups – described by social researchers. The text outlines how and through what determinants startups are defined amongst foreign researchers.
{"title":"“GENDER” AND “STARTUP” IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS. A REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH","authors":"Edyta Tobiasiewicz","doi":"10.7494/human.2019.18.4.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.4.77","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to present the state of current research, focusing on two theoretical categories, “gender” and “startup”. The text is based on an analysis of the literature on the subject in scientific journals from 2014 to 2018, and it shows in which aspects gender is most often studied, and how startup contexts are differentiated by gender. In addition, the article presents the conclusions of empirical research, focusing on the social dimensions of innovative structures – such as startups – described by social researchers. The text outlines how and through what determinants startups are defined amongst foreign researchers.","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73678303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.7494/human.2019.18.3.7
M. Juza
Contemporary society is currently undergoing milestone transformations. Many are the signs that modernity is moving into the background, no longer the dominant form of social order. This phase of decline is connected to numerous problems: a sense of uncertainty, a normative crisis, or, in other words, a state of anomie. The question therefore arises as to what comes next. If anomie is perceived as an illness, then three further scenarios are possible: the end of the world, crisis as a permanent state of affairs, or a healthy “recovery” which would entail the emergence and stabilization of a new type of society. This article presents all three of these variants: a society scattered across a network form of social order, a social order based upon a new type of community, and an order which, on a broad scale, incorporates nonhuman objects within human societies.
{"title":"AFTER LATE MODERNITY: POSSIBLE SCENARIOS FOR FUTURE SOCIAL CHANGES","authors":"M. Juza","doi":"10.7494/human.2019.18.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/human.2019.18.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary society is currently undergoing milestone transformations. Many are the signs that modernity is moving into the background, no longer the dominant form of social order. This phase of decline is connected to numerous problems: a sense of uncertainty, a normative crisis, or, in other words, a state of anomie. The question therefore arises as to what comes next. If anomie is perceived as an illness, then three further scenarios are possible: the end of the world, crisis as a permanent state of affairs, or a healthy “recovery” which would entail the emergence and stabilization of a new type of society. This article presents all three of these variants: a society scattered across a network form of social order, a social order based upon a new type of community, and an order which, on a broad scale, incorporates nonhuman objects within human societies.","PeriodicalId":30309,"journal":{"name":"Studia Humanistyczne AGH","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85573974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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