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The knowledge and practices of Fatsa-based hairdressers about blood transmitted diseases fatsa美发师关于血液传播疾病的知识和做法
Pub Date : 2019-12-29 DOI: 10.20518/tjph.415625
Yusuf Güney, Ş. Dabak
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the bloodborne disease related knowledge and affecting factors, opinions and practices of hairdressers in Fatsa, Ordu. Methods: This crosssectional study was carried out in Fatsa, Ordu city in Turkey. The population of the study included hairdressing salons and their workers. Sampling was not made. Interviews were carried out with 228 people, amongst the employees of 133 hairdresser salons, between the dates of 15/07/2015 and 15/09/2015. A workplace questionnaire and an employee questionnaire were filled out after obtaining employers’ and employees’ verbal consents. The Pearson Chi-Square test was used for statistical analyses. Results: The results revealed that towels were being washed after every use in 18.1% of salons, and capes in 14.3%. The most commonly used steriliser in hairdressers were UV cabinets, which were used with a frequency of 51.9%. Furthermore, 68.9% of the workers lacked vaccinations or had been incompletely vaccinated against Hepatitis B. Workers had insufficient knowledge on AIDS, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C 28.9%, 36.0% and 58.8%, respectively. It was found that insufficient knowledge was significantly higher in 15-19 age groups and those who were not trained in hygiene education. Conclusion: As a conclusion of the study, it was shown that the knowledge levels about Hepatitis B, AIDS and Hepatitis C are increased by implementing strong hygiene education. The hygiene education which is already compulsory must be provided and updated in certain periods. The workers who are not being vaccinated against Hepatitis B must be told that they can access vaccination services through primary care units.
目的:了解奥尔都省法特萨地区理发师对血源性疾病的相关知识、影响因素、看法和做法。方法:本横断面研究在土耳其奥尔都市法特萨市进行。研究对象包括美发沙龙及其员工。没有抽样。在2015年7月15日至2015年9月15日期间,对133家美发沙龙的228名员工进行了访谈。在获得雇主和雇员口头同意后,填写了一份工作场所调查问卷和一份员工调查问卷。采用皮尔逊卡方检验进行统计分析。结果:结果显示,18.1%的沙龙每次使用后都会清洗毛巾,14.3%的沙龙每次使用后都会清洗披肩。美容院最常使用的消毒器是紫外线柜,使用频率为51.9%。此外,68.9%的工人没有接种乙肝疫苗或未完全接种乙肝疫苗。工人对艾滋病、乙肝和丙肝的知识不足的比例分别为28.9%、36.0%和58.8%。结果发现,在15-19岁年龄组和未接受过卫生教育培训的人群中,卫生知识不足的比例明显更高。结论:通过加强卫生教育,提高了学生对乙型、艾滋病和丙型肝炎的知识水平。已经是强制性的卫生教育必须在一定时期提供和更新。必须告知未接种乙型肝炎疫苗的工作人员,他们可以通过初级保健单位获得疫苗接种服务。
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引用次数: 0
Karabük ilinde 15-49 yaş grubu evli kadınların aile planlaması hizmetlerine erişimini etkileyen faktörler 在加勒比地区,15-49岁的已婚妇女对计划生育服务有影响
Pub Date : 2018-09-08 DOI: 10.20518/tjph.458353
Merve Karaçalı, Raziye Özdemir
Objective: To evaluate the access of married women of reproductive age to family planning (FP) services and associated factors in Karabuk. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Karabuk in 2015-2016. The population of the study was married women living in Karabuk. The sample size was calculated by the Epi-Info-7 StatCalc software as 284, within a universe of 34,207 married women of 15-49 age group, with a confidence interval of 95%, a margin of error of 5% and a prevalence of 75.2% (prevalence of women in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey using any contraceptive method 2013 Demographic and Health Survey of Turkey), and it was planned to reach 300 women. The sample was distributed proportionally by the populations of residential areas. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews. In the analysis of data, Chi-Square Test and binary logistic regression were applied. Results: Of all the women, 80.3% were found to use some form of FP method. More specifically, 48.6% were found to use modern methods, while 31.7% were found to use traditional methods. The three most common methods were coitus-interruptus (31.0%), condoms (18.3%) and tubal-ligation (16.0%). The unmet need for FP was found to be at 9.7%. Conclusions: This study shows that traditional FP methods are widely used to prevent pregnancy and that the FP needs are not met for one in every ten women in Karabuk. To remove the barriers in accessing FP services, comprehensive primary care which focuses on the needs of the community is needed.
目的:了解卡拉布鲁克地区已婚育龄妇女计划生育服务的可及性及相关因素。方法:本横断面研究于2015-2016年在卡拉布鲁克进行。研究对象是居住在卡拉布鲁克的已婚妇女。通过Epi-Info-7 StatCalc软件计算,样本量为284人,在34,207名15-49岁年龄组已婚妇女中,置信区间为95%,误差幅度为5%,流行率为75.2%(2013年土耳其人口与健康调查中土耳其西部黑海地区妇女使用任何避孕方法的流行率),计划覆盖300名妇女。样本按住宅区人口比例分布。数据通过面对面访谈的方式收集。在数据分析中,采用卡方检验和二元logistic回归。结果:80.3%的妇女使用了某种形式的计划生育方法。更具体地说,48.6%的人使用现代方法,31.7%的人使用传统方法。最常见的三种方法分别是断交(31.0%)、安全套(18.3%)和输卵管结扎(16.0%)。未满足计划生育需求的比例为9.7%。结论:本研究表明,传统的计划生育方法被广泛用于预防怀孕,卡拉布鲁克每10名妇女中就有1名计划生育需求没有得到满足。为了消除获得计划生育服务的障碍,需要以社区需求为重点的综合初级保健。
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引用次数: 3
Bütünsel sağlık için yeni bir kavramsal çerçeve 全球卫生新概念框架
Pub Date : 2018-09-08 DOI: 10.20518/tjph.458357
M. Bulut, Ayşe Kiraz Bulut
Sağlık, hastalıklı olmamak hali midir? Devletler için tedavi hizmetleri, koruma ve geliştirmeden daha mı önceliklidir? Eski, yeni birçok sağlık mesleği var; sağlıkçı eğitimini hangi temeller üzerine oturtacağız? Bu ve benzeri soruların cevabı olan sağlığa bütünsel yaklaşımı en kolay anlatabileceğimiz; insanların, kurumların, kamu otoritesinin gerektiğinde anahtar gibi kullanabileceği sağlığın temel ilke ve değerlerini bir araya getiren kavramsal bir çerçeveye ihtiyacımız var. Önerimizi aşağıda ilginize sunuyoruz.
它是健康的,不是生病的吗?治疗服务、保护和发展是否比各州更可取?过去有许多新的健康问题;健康教育的基础是什么?我们可以很容易地描述整个健康方法,这就是类似问题的答案;我们需要一个理解框架,在必要时将人们、机构和公共当局的基本健康和价值观结合起来,作为关键。
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引用次数: 0
Elektrik alan seviyeleri ve halk sağlığı açısından değerlendirilmesi: Samsun şehir merkezi örneği 电子场地水平和公共卫生评估:Samsun市中心示例
Pub Date : 2018-09-08 DOI: 10.20518/tjph.458354
Begüm Korunur Engiz
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引用次数: 1
Web tabanlı bir araştırmanın düşündürdükleri üzerinden LGBTİ+ sağlığı 一项基于网络的研究表明,LGBT+是健康的
Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.20518/tjph.458350
Y. Yasin, İpek B. Şapçı, M. Çebi
Objective: Although 5 to 10% of the world's population is estimated to consist of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex and individuals with other minority sexual orientations (LGBTI+), they still face significant challenges accessing health care. With this web-based study, we aim to present data on their health status and shed light on the difficulties that LGBTI+ populations living in Turkey face in accessing healthcare services. Method: This descriptive study was prepared as a web-based questionnaire to collect information on demographic attributes and healthcare specific challenges LGBTI+ communities experience. The questionnaire was disseminated via different social media networks. 278 LGBTI+ individuals met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. The data was analysed using the SPSS software package. Results: The prevalence of chronic diseases, mental disorders, alcohol use, smoking and substance abuse in the survey was found to be higher than average in the LGBT+ community. Of the respondents, 67.3% stated that they did not disclose their sexual orientation and gender identity to health professionals. 25.2% of the respondents had experienced discrimination or similar unpleasant attitudes within institutions, a majority of which were state hospitals, when they disclosed their sexual orientation or gender identities. Of these attitudes, 20,9% reported direct discrimination from physicians and 92.8% of the respondents indicated the need for LGBTI-friendly health institutions. Conclusions: The findings of this research highlight the need for LGBTI+-friendly health institutions to fight against discrimination and serve as a tool for health promotion. Intensified involvement of public health professionals in these issues is needed.
目标:虽然世界人口中估计有5%至10%是女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、变性人、双性人和其他少数性取向者(LGBTI+),但他们在获得卫生保健方面仍然面临重大挑战。通过这项基于网络的研究,我们旨在提供有关他们健康状况的数据,并阐明生活在土耳其的LGBTI+人群在获得医疗保健服务方面面临的困难。方法:本描述性研究采用基于网络的问卷调查,收集LGBTI+社区经历的人口统计属性和医疗保健特定挑战的信息。调查问卷通过不同的社交媒体网络传播。278名LGBTI+个体符合资格标准并被纳入研究。采用SPSS软件包对数据进行分析。结果:调查发现,LGBT+群体中慢性病、精神障碍、酗酒、吸烟和药物滥用的患病率高于平均水平。在答复者中,67.3%的人表示他们没有向卫生专业人员透露自己的性取向和性别认同。25.2%的答复者在透露自己的性取向或性别认同时,在机构(其中大多数是公立医院)内遭受过歧视或类似的不愉快态度。在这些态度中,20.9%的受访者表示直接受到医生的歧视,92.8%的受访者表示需要对lgbti友好的卫生机构。结论:本研究结果强调了对LGBTI+友好的卫生机构对抗歧视的必要性,并作为促进健康的工具。需要公共卫生专业人员加强参与这些问题。
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引用次数: 2
Water management in Turkish municipalities from the perspective of employees 从雇员的角度看土耳其市政供水管理
Pub Date : 2018-04-30 DOI: 10.20518/TJPH.458200
D. Çamur, H. İlter, M. Topbaş
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the views of water management employees with regards to the work being done on water management facilities in the municipalities of Turkey. Method: In this descriptive study, 461 employees from 481 municipalities were interviewed (participation rate 95.8%). The data was collected under observation. Results: 42.4% of the participants worked in water management related jobs where their tasks were not directly related to water. 78.6% of participants did not receive any training on water management. No water tank cleaning is done in 0.7% of municipalities. 59.0% of water tank cleaning personnel did not receive any training on this subject. 97.6% of the participants disclosed that chlorine is still being used for water disinfection in their municipalities. However, 88.6% think that water should be chlorinated for disinfection. 10.0% of the participants stated that they worked on water structures inside of buildings. In 77.3% of the municipalities, network water is used for watering public parks and gardens.  Conclusions: Municipalities should hire personnel who have been trained on all stages of water management. Recruitment of certified and trained personnel in the most extreme applications, such as network control and water storage, must be compulsory. Key
目的:本研究的目的是确定水管理员工对土耳其市政当局正在进行的水管理设施工作的看法。方法:采用描述性研究方法,对来自481个直辖市的461名职工进行了访谈(参与率95.8%)。数据是在观察中收集的。结果:42.4%的参与者从事与水管理相关的工作,他们的任务与水没有直接关系。78.6%的参与者没有接受过任何有关水资源管理的培训。0.7%的城市没有清洗水箱。59.0%的水箱清洗人员没有接受过这方面的培训。97.6%的参与者透露,其所在城市仍在使用氯进行水消毒。然而,88.6%的人认为水应该氯化消毒。10.0%的参与者表示他们在建筑物内部的水结构上工作。77.3%的城市使用管网水浇灌公园和花园。结论:市政当局应雇用受过水管理各阶段培训的人员。在最极端的应用中,如网络控制和水储存,必须强制招聘经过认证和训练的人员。关键
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引用次数: 1
Disability and alexithymia among elderly people 老年人的残疾和述情障碍
Pub Date : 2018-04-30 DOI: 10.20518/TJPH.458196
Çağla Yiğitbaş, S. Deveci
Objective: The presence of disability and alexithymia in old age are significant factors which can impact the health conditions and social lives of people. The aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics of disability and alexithymia suffered by the elderly living in the city centre of Gumushane. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted by reaching 437 elderly people (65 and above) registered to 14 family practice units located in the Gumushane city centre, selected through systematic sampling. Data was gathered with the use of a questionnaire admitted through face to face interviews, using the Questionnaire Brief Disability (BDQ) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20). The results were evaluated using a statistical software program. Descriptive data were presented as percentage, mean, median, and range. In the resulting analyses, p <0.05 was accepted as the benchmark for statistical significance. Results: The mean age of the participants was 74.3±7.1 years (range: 65-100), of which 63.4% were female and 36.6% were male. While the mean score of the Questionnaire Brief Disability was 10.25±5.03 (min:0, max:22), the TAS-20 mean score was 49.28±9.58 (min:25, max:85). 86% of the elderly were found to have varying degrees of disability. Factors that were found to boost the mean scores of the TAS-20 (p<0.05) were: being a woman, widowed/divorced, having a low level of education, having any kind of mental problems, constrained mobility, lack of exercise, poor health perception regarding general-physical-mental-emotional and social health levels. The total alexithymia scores were higher for those participants who experienced varying degrees of violence in their lives and for those who had difficulty expressing themselves in family settings; compared to participants who did not experience violence or those who could express themselves with ease. A weak positive correlation was established between BDQ and TAS-20, TAS-1 and TAS-2 scores (p=0.001).  Conclusions: In this study, it was found that almost four out of five elderly people have a disability. The mean alexithymia score was found to be less than half of the maximum score of the scale. For the wellbeing of the elderly, healing and rehabilitation efforts should be planned and implemented, with a particular focus on factors that affect the incidence of disability and alexithymia.
目的:老年人的残疾和述情障碍是影响人们健康状况和社会生活的重要因素。本研究的目的是评估古木山市中心老年人的残疾和述情障碍特征。方法:这项横断面研究通过系统抽样对位于古木山市中心的14个家庭诊所注册的437名老年人(65岁及以上)进行了调查。数据是通过面对面访谈获得的问卷收集的,使用问卷简要残疾(BDQ)和多伦多述情障碍量表-20(TAS-20)。使用统计软件程序对结果进行评估。描述性数据以百分比、平均值、中位数和范围表示。在结果分析中,p<0.05被认为是统计学显著性的基准。结果:参与者的平均年龄为74.3±7.1岁(范围:65-100岁),其中女性占63.4%,男性占36.6%。简易残疾问卷的平均得分为10.25±5.03(最小值:0,最大值:22),而TAS-20的平均得分则为49.28±9.58(最小值25,最大值85)。86%的老年人被发现有不同程度的残疾。提高TAS-20平均得分的因素是:女性、丧偶/离婚、教育水平低、有任何形式的心理问题、行动受限、缺乏锻炼、对一般身心情感和社会健康水平的健康认知差。生活中经历过不同程度暴力的参与者和在家庭环境中难以表达自己的参与者的述情障碍总分更高;与那些没有经历过暴力或能够轻松表达自己的参与者相比。BDQ与TAS-20、TAS-1和TAS-2评分之间存在弱正相关(p=0.001)。结论:在本研究中,发现几乎五分之四的老年人有残疾。述情障碍的平均得分低于量表最大得分的一半。为了老年人的福祉,应计划和实施康复和康复工作,特别关注影响残疾和述情障碍发生率的因素。
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引用次数: 1
“Kırk yedi yıl sonra yeniden bir salgının hikayesi: 1970 Sağmalcılar kolera salgınından günümüze dersler”e yanıt “四十七年后,一场新的流行病的故事:1970年,卫生工作者正在教导我们摆脱霍乱袭击。”
Pub Date : 2018-04-30 DOI: 10.20518/TJPH.458205
Necati Dedeoğlu
Sayin Editor, 2017; 15 (3) sayili derginizde Dr. Coskun Bakar tarafindan yazilmis bulunan “Kirk yedi yil sonra yeniden bir salginin hikayesi: 1970 Sagmalcilar kolera salginindan gunumuze dersler” isimli makalesi ilginc bir hikayeyi dile getirmekte ve onemli dersler aktarmaktadir.
Sayin编辑,2017;在你15(3)日的杂志上,这本书是由Coskun Bakar博士写的,讲述了一个七年前发生的名为Sagmalcillar霍乱的故事,这是一个有趣的故事,他提供了第十节课。
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引用次数: 1
Tıp fakültelerinde ders ölüyor mu
Pub Date : 2018-04-30 DOI: 10.20518/tjph.458204
Coşkun Bakar
Sayin Editor, Uzunca bir zamandir bu soruyu ben de surekli olarak kendime soruyorum. Ancak bastan sunu belirtmek istiyorum: bu yazi pesinen sinif derslerine karsi olmak amaciyla kaleme alinmiyor. Gozlemledigim bir durum var ki o da genc insanlari yeterince egitemiyoruz. Tip egitiminde ise konusulmasi gereken oldukca fazla konu var. Anlasilan o ki bu sadece bizim sorunumuz degil. “The New England Journal of Medicine”nin Agustos sayisinda Schwartzstein ve Roberts imzali makale bu konuyla ilgili. “Tip Okulunda derslere veda etmek – paradigma degisikligi ya da gecici bir heves/moda” baslikli yazida yazarlar, pasif bir sekilde bilgiyi emen ogrencilerin karsisinda bir profesorun yer aldigi ders formatlarinin terk edilmesi gerektigini dusunuyorlar.
编辑先生,作为一个图像,我已经问自己这个问题很长时间了。这是一个很好的例子。我一直在关注的一件事是,我们对年轻人做得不够。就类型而言,有很多问题需要讨论。这是关于施瓦茨坦和罗伯茨在《新英格兰医学杂志》Agustos上的签名。在一份新闻稿中写道:“再见蒂普学校的课程——范式退化或过时/时尚”,同时建议教授应该被教授而不是记者抛弃。
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引用次数: 0
An assessment of health and safety practices for employees at health care institutions within the city of Mersin 对梅尔辛市卫生保健机构雇员健康和安全做法的评估
Pub Date : 2018-04-30 DOI: 10.20518/tjph.458199
G. Ersoz, Ali Koray Kenziman, H. Aktas, A. Kurt
Objective: The aim of this research was to assess employee health and safety practices, in public and private healthcare institutions providing services in the city of Mersin. Methods: The data of this descriptive study was collected through questionnaires conducted in September 2015. Thirty-four healthcare institutions in total were included for this work. These institutions have been providing second and third tier health services for the city center, as well as the surrounding districts of Mersin. Results: When assessed in terms of the number of employees in occupational health and work safety services, only 10.1% of health workers were found to have satisfactory access to occupational physicians, whereas only 0.8% received enough support from occupational health and safety experts. When the access to both the occupational physicians and the occupational health and safety experts were evaluated together, only 0.8% of the health workers were found to be able to receive adequate contact time. In 2014, 52.9% of the employees were examined periodically and 94.1% of the institutions had established risk assessments. Conclusion: In Mersin, only 1% of the health workers are provided with occupational health and work safety services for a sufficient period of time by occupational physicians and occupational health and safety experts. This has been highlighted as a major shortcoming.
目的:本研究的目的是评估梅尔辛市提供服务的公立和私立医疗机构的员工健康和安全做法。方法:本描述性研究于2015年9月通过问卷调查收集数据。共有34家医疗卫生机构参与此项工作。这些机构一直在为市中心以及梅尔辛周边地区提供二级和三级保健服务。结果:在职业卫生与安全服务从业人员数量评估中,仅有10.1%的卫生工作者对职业医生的服务感到满意,仅有0.8%的卫生工作者得到职业卫生与安全专家的足够支持。当同时评估职业医生和职业健康与安全专家的接触情况时,发现只有0.8%的卫生工作者能够获得足够的接触时间。2014年,52.9%的从业人员定期接受检查,94.1%的机构建立了风险评估。结论:在梅尔辛,只有1%的卫生工作者得到职业医生和职业卫生与安全专家提供的足够时间的职业卫生与安全服务。这已被强调为一个主要缺点。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Turkish Journal of Public Health
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