Pub Date : 2018-12-20DOI: 10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.007
M. Bell
{"title":"Global urban agriculture; convergence of theory and practice between north and south de Antoinette Winklerprins","authors":"M. Bell","doi":"10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"137-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47159447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-20DOI: 10.18800/espacioydesarrollo.201802.004
Juan Pablo Frick Raggi
The spatial distribution pattern of surface-emitting temperatures within the urban area of Temuco and Padre Las Casas is analyzed. Its relation to the types of land use, the explanatory parameters such as vegetation cover and reflectivity and the distribution of particulate matter is evaluated. Landsat image, GIS and cadastre of emissions of particulate matter was used. The results indicated that surface temperatures of the consolidated urban area, presenting with marked contrasts in their spatial distribution, occur with high heterogeneity and an important development of areas with higher temperatures in specific sectors. The main factor behind this distribution is the reflectivity of the surface, indicating a closer relationship with the materiality and features covers of built elements than with the type of urban structure. We discuss how this might determine the distribution of particulate material into the urban area.
分析了Temuco和Padre Las Casas市区地表辐射温度的空间分布模式。评价了其与土地利用类型、植被覆盖和反射率等解释参数以及颗粒物分布的关系。使用了陆地卫星图像、地理信息系统和颗粒物排放的地籍图。结果表明，合并后的城市区域的表面温度在空间分布上呈现出显著的对比，具有高度的异质性，并且是特定部门中温度较高区域的重要发展。这种分布背后的主要因素是表面的反射率，这表明与建筑元素的物质性和特征覆盖的关系比与城市结构类型的关系更密切。我们讨论了这可能如何决定颗粒物质在城市地区的分布。
{"title":"Análisis de la relación entre temperaturas superficiales y tejidos urbanos como insumo para la planificación urbana. El caso Temuco-Padre Las Casas, 2013","authors":"Juan Pablo Frick Raggi","doi":"10.18800/espacioydesarrollo.201802.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/espacioydesarrollo.201802.004","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial distribution pattern of surface-emitting temperatures within the urban area of Temuco and Padre Las Casas is analyzed. Its relation to the types of land use, the explanatory parameters such as vegetation cover and reflectivity and the distribution of particulate matter is evaluated. Landsat image, GIS and cadastre of emissions of particulate matter was used. The results indicated that surface temperatures of the consolidated urban area, presenting with marked contrasts in their spatial distribution, occur with high heterogeneity and an important development of areas with higher temperatures in specific sectors. The main factor behind this distribution is the reflectivity of the surface, indicating a closer relationship with the materiality and features covers of built elements than with the type of urban structure. We discuss how this might determine the distribution of particulate material into the urban area.","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"75-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42588066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-20DOI: 10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.001
L. Delgado, Fabian Drenkhan, Christian Huggel
In view of an increasing magnitude of climate change impacts, adaptation has turned into a political priority at international level. The direction and attribution of adaptation measures imply a complex analysis process of characteristics and impacts of hydro-climatic and socioenvironmental systems in high-mountain regions. In the Tropical Andes, changes in the hydrological regime –and their subsequent impact on glacier shrinkage and socio-economic development in the region– require robust response mechanisms based on integrative analysis of multidimensional realities and landscapes. In this context, Multi-Purpose Projects for Water Resources (MPP-WR) represent promising strategies in order to deal with current and future challenges in high-mountain regions, considering a transdisciplinary-participatory approach. The present article aims to present a participatory pilot initiative in the field of water resources management and MPP-WR in Andean glacier areas. The workshop, called Winter School, emphasized a structured formulation process for MPP-WR, through which the elements that condition the design of sustainable water projects in the Tropical Andes were identified and analysed (e.g., access to scientific data, social conflicts, institutionality, local culture). Furthermore, through the design and formulation of the MPP, the relevance (and challenges) of a coordinated work between different disciplines and actors was demonstrated, in which both professional experience and local practical knowledge were considered. Future related studies and programmes should take into account the context, variables and scenarios for the formulation (and implementation) of MPP-WR, in order to contribute to robust adaptation measures on the long term in basins with multiple pressures over water resources.
{"title":"Proyectos multipropósito para la gestión de recursos hídricos en los Andes tropicales: planteamientos generales basados en proceso participativo","authors":"L. Delgado, Fabian Drenkhan, Christian Huggel","doi":"10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.001","url":null,"abstract":"In view of an increasing magnitude of climate change impacts, adaptation has turned into a political priority at international level. The direction and attribution of adaptation measures imply a complex analysis process of characteristics and impacts of hydro-climatic and socioenvironmental systems in high-mountain regions. In the Tropical Andes, changes in the hydrological regime –and their subsequent impact on glacier shrinkage and socio-economic development in the region– require robust response mechanisms based on integrative analysis of multidimensional realities and landscapes. In this context, Multi-Purpose Projects for Water Resources (MPP-WR) represent promising strategies in order to deal with current and future challenges in high-mountain regions, considering a transdisciplinary-participatory approach. The present article aims to present a participatory pilot initiative in the field of water resources management and MPP-WR in Andean glacier areas. The workshop, called Winter School, emphasized a structured formulation process for MPP-WR, through which the elements that condition the design of sustainable water projects in the Tropical Andes were identified and analysed (e.g., access to scientific data, social conflicts, institutionality, local culture). Furthermore, through the design and formulation of the MPP, the relevance (and challenges) of a coordinated work between different disciplines and actors was demonstrated, in which both professional experience and local practical knowledge were considered. Future related studies and programmes should take into account the context, variables and scenarios for the formulation (and implementation) of MPP-WR, in order to contribute to robust adaptation measures on the long term in basins with multiple pressures over water resources.","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"7-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43782872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-20DOI: 10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.002
Nancy Guadalupe Aviña Vega, Guadalupe María Milián Ávila, María Lourdes Campos Romero
In September 2013, the city of Chilpancingo was hit by the passage of hurricane Ingrid and tropical storm Manuel; the damages in infrastructure, housing and equipment were of great magnitude, which galvanized the federal government into formulating a reconstruction plan. The interventions exhibited serious failures, recreating with greater intensity the socio-territorial conditions that caused the disasters. Faced with that panorama, this work aims to identify the elements that contributed to the disaster and the failures in the repair of damages; at the same time, it suggests other modes of action to promote the improvement of the living conditions of those affected. Preliminary results indicate that although there were economic resources and government agencies to coordinate reconstruction, personal interests, corruption, opacity in information, insecurity and disregard for the needs and demands of citizens characterized the process.
{"title":"Otra respuesta frente a los desastres. Huracán Ingrid y tormenta tropical Manuel, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México","authors":"Nancy Guadalupe Aviña Vega, Guadalupe María Milián Ávila, María Lourdes Campos Romero","doi":"10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201802.002","url":null,"abstract":"In September 2013, the city of Chilpancingo was hit by the passage of hurricane Ingrid and tropical storm Manuel; the damages in infrastructure, housing and equipment were of great magnitude, which galvanized the federal government into formulating a reconstruction plan. The interventions exhibited serious failures, recreating with greater intensity the socio-territorial conditions that caused the disasters. Faced with that panorama, this work aims to identify the elements that contributed to the disaster and the failures in the repair of damages; at the same time, it suggests other modes of action to promote the improvement of the living conditions of those affected. Preliminary results indicate that although there were economic resources and government agencies to coordinate reconstruction, personal interests, corruption, opacity in information, insecurity and disregard for the needs and demands of citizens characterized the process.","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"29-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44670977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-17DOI: 10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.009
Ana Sabogal Dunin Borkowski
{"title":"Agricultura tradicional Yunga de José Sabogal Wiesse","authors":"Ana Sabogal Dunin Borkowski","doi":"10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"225-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42768767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-31DOI: 10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.005
Katharina Hess
The risk of climate change impacts occurring is a function of a socioecological system’s exposure and vulnerability to climate-related hazards. Vulnerability itself is the result of a system's sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The potential climate change driven biophysical impacts on the municipality Totonicapan in the western highlands of Guatemala are well documented in outcome vulnerability studies and projected to be severe. They include droughts, frosts, forest fires and life zone changes which also represent important hazards to the municipality’s population. Yet, recent detailed socioeconomic information on the municipality’s contextual vulnerability is scarce. Moreover, social capital which is central to the yet successful management of the unique communal coniferous forests is poorly understood. The present study evaluates the contextual vulnerability of the municipality's population and communal forests using 5 interviews and 167 household surveys from 3 communities for 15 socioeconomic indicators. Qualitative analysis of the interviews urges for further investigation into the link between emigration to the USA, the loss of social capital and communal forest management. Quantitative analysis of the indicators and their aggregation into a vulnerability index by Principal Component Analysis demonstrates that education is the most important vulnerability factor, followed by income which was negatively related to natural resource dependency. An overarching theme was gender inequality. The study is a plea for location and population specific research and adaptation strategies as it identifies significant differences even between communities of the same municipality.
{"title":"Contextual vulnerability of the communal forests and population of Totonicapán, Guatemala","authors":"Katharina Hess","doi":"10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.005","url":null,"abstract":"The risk of climate change impacts occurring is a function of a socioecological system’s exposure and vulnerability to climate-related hazards. Vulnerability itself is the result of a system's sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The potential climate change driven biophysical impacts on the municipality Totonicapan in the western highlands of Guatemala are well documented in outcome vulnerability studies and projected to be severe. They include droughts, frosts, forest fires and life zone changes which also represent important hazards to the municipality’s population. Yet, recent detailed socioeconomic information on the municipality’s contextual vulnerability is scarce. Moreover, social capital which is central to the yet successful management of the unique communal coniferous forests is poorly understood. The present study evaluates the contextual vulnerability of the municipality's population and communal forests using 5 interviews and 167 household surveys from 3 communities for 15 socioeconomic indicators. Qualitative analysis of the interviews urges for further investigation into the link between emigration to the USA, the loss of social capital and communal forest management. Quantitative analysis of the indicators and their aggregation into a vulnerability index by Principal Component Analysis demonstrates that education is the most important vulnerability factor, followed by income which was negatively related to natural resource dependency. An overarching theme was gender inequality. The study is a plea for location and population specific research and adaptation strategies as it identifies significant differences even between communities of the same municipality.","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"117-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42004121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The following article presents the current challenges for the sustainability of preventive resettlement projects, which are increasing in demand to the impacts of climate change in urban areas, proposing a better articulation between these and the urban development plans of cities, as well as a better integration with socio-economic development plans of local municipalities. These recommendations arise due to a recognition of the indispensable need for the social, environmental, and economic sustainability of this type of projects to be able to provide, at least, a quality of life equal to the previous one for the resettled population. To do this, resettlement projects must go beyond seeking to reduce the levels of physical vulnerability of the population and become programs of socio-economic development and appropriate technologies through the promotion of livelihoods that are compatible with the climate. This article describes the process of collective elaboration of a systemic proposal of sustainable livelihoods that sought to integrate municipal plans and pre-existing productive activities of the population in one of the most emblematic population resettlement cases in Peru: the relocation of 16,000 inhabitants of Belen to Nueva Ciudad de Belen in the Province of Maynas. For the elaboration of these proposals, the research team carried out a series of interdisciplinary academic courses that allowed a constant interaction between the academy, the local government, and the population.
{"title":"Medios de vida, tecnologías apropiadas y su integración con los planes de desarrollo urbano: el caso de la Nueva Ciudad de Belén, Loreto, Perú","authors":"Belén Desmaison Estrada, Urphy Vásquez Baca, Kleber Espinoza Diaz","doi":"10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.007","url":null,"abstract":"The following article presents the current challenges for the sustainability of preventive resettlement projects, which are increasing in demand to the impacts of climate change in urban areas, proposing a better articulation between these and the urban development plans of cities, as well as a better integration with socio-economic development plans of local municipalities. These recommendations arise due to a recognition of the indispensable need for the social, environmental, and economic sustainability of this type of projects to be able to provide, at least, a quality of life equal to the previous one for the resettled population. To do this, resettlement projects must go beyond seeking to reduce the levels of physical vulnerability of the population and become programs of socio-economic development and appropriate technologies through the promotion of livelihoods that are compatible with the climate. This article describes the process of collective elaboration of a systemic proposal of sustainable livelihoods that sought to integrate municipal plans and pre-existing productive activities of the population in one of the most emblematic population resettlement cases in Peru: the relocation of 16,000 inhabitants of Belen to Nueva Ciudad de Belen in the Province of Maynas. For the elaboration of these proposals, the research team carried out a series of interdisciplinary academic courses that allowed a constant interaction between the academy, the local government, and the population.","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"171-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44725251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-31DOI: 10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.003
Rosa De La Cruz
This article identifies the most vulnerable locations in the beaches south of the city of Lima, between Lurin and Pucusana, caused by a potential increase in sea level as a result of climate change. The research was based on the adaptation and application of the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) of Gornitz et al. (1991). Originally, CVI index focuses on physical variables. However, human variables were also included because the study zone is a densely populated area with constant growth in commerce, services, industries and urban constructions projects. The coastal zone south of Lima hasn’t been studied thoroughly before, so to address it systematically, six variables were identified. The following three physical variables were considered: slope, geomorphology and coastal line variation; as well as the following three socioeconomic ones: distance to infrastructure, land use and population density. The integration of the six variables in the IVC allowed the study to categorize four different degrees of vulnerability of the coastal sector (very high, high, moderate, low, and very low). The results of this investigation showed that, from the thirteen spatial units of analysis evaluated, those with very high vulnerability were: Senoritas, Embajadores and Pucusana and those with very low vulnerability were Lurin, Quebrada and the Roca sector. The application of these two types of variables showed that the socioeconomic factors contribute to the increase of vulnerability of the coastal zone while the physical variables contributes to the decrease of it.
这篇文章指出了利马市南部、位于卢林和普库萨纳之间的海滩上最脆弱的地方，气候变化可能导致海平面上升。研究基于Gornitz et al.(1991)海岸带脆弱性指数(Coastal Vulnerability Index, CVI)的适应与应用。原本，CVI指数关注的是物理变量。然而，由于研究区是一个人口密集的地区，商业、服务业、工业和城市建设项目不断增长，因此也包括了人为因素。利马以南的沿海地区以前没有被彻底研究过，所以为了系统地解决这个问题，我们确定了六个变量。考虑了以下三个物理变量:坡度、地貌和海岸线变化;以及以下三个社会经济因素:与基础设施的距离、土地利用和人口密度。综合IVC中的六个变量，该研究将沿海地区的脆弱性分为四种不同程度(非常高、高、中等、低和非常低)。调查结果表明，在13个分析单元中，脆弱性非常高的是Senoritas、Embajadores和Pucusana，脆弱性非常低的是Lurin、Quebrada和Roca。这两类变量的应用表明，社会经济因素对海岸带脆弱性的增加有贡献，而物理变量对海岸带脆弱性的降低有贡献。
{"title":"Sectores costeros más vulnerables entre Lurín y Pucusana ante un posible aumento del nivel del mar como consecuencia del cambio climático: Adaptación y aplicación del índice de vulnerabilidad costera de Gornitz","authors":"Rosa De La Cruz","doi":"10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.003","url":null,"abstract":"This article identifies the most vulnerable locations in the beaches south of the city of Lima, between Lurin and Pucusana, caused by a potential increase in sea level as a result of climate change. The research was based on the adaptation and application of the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) of Gornitz et al. (1991). Originally, CVI index focuses on physical variables. However, human variables were also included because the study zone is a densely populated area with constant growth in commerce, services, industries and urban constructions projects. The coastal zone south of Lima hasn’t been studied thoroughly before, so to address it systematically, six variables were identified. The following three physical variables were considered: slope, geomorphology and coastal line variation; as well as the following three socioeconomic ones: distance to infrastructure, land use and population density. The integration of the six variables in the IVC allowed the study to categorize four different degrees of vulnerability of the coastal sector (very high, high, moderate, low, and very low). The results of this investigation showed that, from the thirteen spatial units of analysis evaluated, those with very high vulnerability were: Senoritas, Embajadores and Pucusana and those with very low vulnerability were Lurin, Quebrada and the Roca sector. The application of these two types of variables showed that the socioeconomic factors contribute to the increase of vulnerability of the coastal zone while the physical variables contributes to the decrease of it.","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"61-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43835822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-31DOI: 10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.006
M. E. Rivera
Between 2012 and 2013, a rapid assessment of co-management was carried out in the three Areas of Regional conservation of the Loreto region, administered by the Regional Government through the Program of Conservation, Management, and Sustainable Use of Biological Diversity in of the Loreto Region (PROCREL). The objective was to determine the levels of implementation of the concept of co-management in Areas of Regional conservation in a context of climate change and its main productive ecosystems. The results showed that there was a co-management construction process at a basic stage in which institutions such as management committees or resource management committees were being created, which in some cases duplicated tasks with other similar institutions created by actors external to the Areas of Regional conservation and that had not yet been considered in the co-management model. The three Areas of Regional conservation have different realities and, therefore, management should not be standardized; this invites the creation of different co-management strategies, but at the same time a critique is made of the role of the State, represented by PROCREL, in its role of promoter of co-management by neglecting criteria of power sharing and citizen control. Climate change is a growing threat factor in Areas of Regional conservation and is reflected in the problems regularly identified in their production systems, creating co-management models that allow delegating adaptation and mitigation tasks and dividing risks between the different actors is key.
{"title":"Evaluación del nivel de cogestión en las áreas de conservación regional de Loreto en un contexto de cambio climático","authors":"M. E. Rivera","doi":"10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.006","url":null,"abstract":"Between 2012 and 2013, a rapid assessment of co-management was carried out in the three Areas of Regional conservation of the Loreto region, administered by the Regional Government through the Program of Conservation, Management, and Sustainable Use of Biological Diversity in of the Loreto Region (PROCREL). The objective was to determine the levels of implementation of the concept of co-management in Areas of Regional conservation in a context of climate change and its main productive ecosystems. The results showed that there was a co-management construction process at a basic stage in which institutions such as management committees or resource management committees were being created, which in some cases duplicated tasks with other similar institutions created by actors external to the Areas of Regional conservation and that had not yet been considered in the co-management model. The three Areas of Regional conservation have different realities and, therefore, management should not be standardized; this invites the creation of different co-management strategies, but at the same time a critique is made of the role of the State, represented by PROCREL, in its role of promoter of co-management by neglecting criteria of power sharing and citizen control. Climate change is a growing threat factor in Areas of Regional conservation and is reflected in the problems regularly identified in their production systems, creating co-management models that allow delegating adaptation and mitigation tasks and dividing risks between the different actors is key.","PeriodicalId":30443,"journal":{"name":"Espacio y Desarrollo","volume":"1 1","pages":"147-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47223101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-31DOI: 10.18800/ESPACIOYDESARROLLO.201801.004
Tarik Tavera Medina, Ana Sabogal Dunin Borkowski, P. Sánchez, Odalys Suarez Balcazar
In a context of climate change, parks have been proven to increase the resilience of vulnerable cities as they help regulate the microclimate, mitigating the heat island effect. Under a generic premise, it could be infered that the municipalities with the highest income from population with high socioeconomic strata and high income to these government agencies through taxes favor the existence of good indicators of quality and quantity of parks. In the framework of this research, it is shown that there is no direct relationship between areas of high socioeconomic strata and high quantity and good quality of parks as public spaces. To this end, 8 parks of the district and its distribution have been evaluated, integrating the results of this evaluation with the socioeconomic levels of the district. Among the main results show that the inhabitants of Surco have a good perception of the parks of their district and that many of these spaces are used by inhabitants of the surrounding districts. There is great care of green areas, although they show deficiencies in terms of infrastructure and equipment. However, the district of Surco, despite being one of the districts with the largest number of green areas in Lima, does not meet the number of square meters per inhabitant for WHO or HABITAT. Finally, the results of quality and quantity of the selected parks and the weighting of the 131 parks as public spaces showed that both the sectors with lower and higher income present these spaces with low quality standards are below 8 m2 / inhabitants established by WHO.
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