Background: Malocclusions, cosmetic problems, some problems linked to tooth extraction and root canal treatment, and other diseases of the mouth and teeth can occur as a result of dental anomalies (DAs). Objectives: The present research was conducted to determine the prevalence of DAs through panoramic radiographs of children in Ahvaz, Iran, in five years (2018 - 2022). Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 1000 panoramic radiographs were selected from the archives of the Radiology Department of Ahvaz Dental School and other radiology centers of the city related to children in the age group of 5 - 12 years. A pediatric dental assistant and a pediatric dental specialist evaluated them for the presence of DAs based on Lam's (2014) criteria and definitions. The frequency of DAs was reported based on numbers and percentages. Finally, the raw results were analyzed using the chi-square test and Student's t-test at the significance level of α = 0.05 by SPSS software version 25. Results: The results showed that only 150 (15%) patients had at least one DA and 850 (85%) had no DAs. Most DAs were related to dental missing (4.2%), dental transposition (2.9%), and ectopic growth (2.2%). The frequency of dental missing (71.4% vs. 28.6%) and dental transposition (72.4% vs. 27.6%) in boys were significantly higher than in girls. The frequency of DAs missing teeth in the lower jaw (61.9%) was significantly more than in the upper jaw (38.1%). Conclusions: Anomalies of missing teeth, transposition, and ectopic growths are among the most common anomalies in Ahvaz children, but the anomalies of microdontia, tooth displacement, dens evaginates, and dentinogenesis imperfect were rare DAs among them. As the prevalence of DAs in Ahvaz children is estimated to be high, early diagnosis and treatment of this complication are suggested as a means to prevent complications.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Prevalence of Dental Anomalies Among Children Through Panoramic Radiographs for Five Years in Ahvaz, Iran","authors":"Maryam Roayaei Ardakani, Masoumeh Khataminia, Saeide Rahimi","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-147447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-147447","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malocclusions, cosmetic problems, some problems linked to tooth extraction and root canal treatment, and other diseases of the mouth and teeth can occur as a result of dental anomalies (DAs). Objectives: The present research was conducted to determine the prevalence of DAs through panoramic radiographs of children in Ahvaz, Iran, in five years (2018 - 2022). Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 1000 panoramic radiographs were selected from the archives of the Radiology Department of Ahvaz Dental School and other radiology centers of the city related to children in the age group of 5 - 12 years. A pediatric dental assistant and a pediatric dental specialist evaluated them for the presence of DAs based on Lam's (2014) criteria and definitions. The frequency of DAs was reported based on numbers and percentages. Finally, the raw results were analyzed using the chi-square test and Student's t-test at the significance level of α = 0.05 by SPSS software version 25. Results: The results showed that only 150 (15%) patients had at least one DA and 850 (85%) had no DAs. Most DAs were related to dental missing (4.2%), dental transposition (2.9%), and ectopic growth (2.2%). The frequency of dental missing (71.4% vs. 28.6%) and dental transposition (72.4% vs. 27.6%) in boys were significantly higher than in girls. The frequency of DAs missing teeth in the lower jaw (61.9%) was significantly more than in the upper jaw (38.1%). Conclusions: Anomalies of missing teeth, transposition, and ectopic growths are among the most common anomalies in Ahvaz children, but the anomalies of microdontia, tooth displacement, dens evaginates, and dentinogenesis imperfect were rare DAs among them. As the prevalence of DAs in Ahvaz children is estimated to be high, early diagnosis and treatment of this complication are suggested as a means to prevent complications.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":" 1054","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141363770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Uncontrolled childbirth anxiety (CA) and labor pain (LP) may cause negative consequences for the mother during subsequent deliveries. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of foot reflexology (F-REFL) on reducing LP and CA during childbirth in the form of a review study. Evidence Acquisition: In this literature review, the findings were collected by evaluating the results of previous similar studies in the last three decades. The most important and common medical subject headings (MeSH) terms related to the topic under discussion were identified to conduct this study. Then, the most relevant studies were searched, and 226 studies were identified at this stage by searching them in the most reliable and essential international databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 26 studies were identified to extract the results. Results: Most of the previous research studies were clinical trials, and their findings showed that F-REFL significantly reduces LP and CA. Conclusions: Foot reflexology has been shown to reduce LP and CA, making it an easy, cheap, and noninvasive method to reduce cesareans. Implementing this method is simple and does not require specialized personnel, and midwives can efficiently perform for mothers during childbirth. Additionally, reducing LP and CA experienced during birth through F-REFL improves women's positive birth experiences and protects postpartum mental health.
背景：不受控制的分娩焦虑（CA）和分娩疼痛（LP）可能会对产妇以后的分娩造成负面影响。本研究旨在以回顾性研究的形式，评估足部反射疗法（F-REFL）对减轻分娩过程中的阵痛和分娩焦虑的效果。证据获取：在本文献综述中，通过评估过去三十年中类似研究的结果来收集研究结果。为了开展这项研究，我们确定了与讨论主题相关的最重要和最常见的医学主题词表（MeSH）。然后，通过在谷歌学术、Scopus、PubMed 和 Web of Science 等最可靠、最重要的国际数据库中进行搜索，在此阶段共确定了 226 项相关研究。考虑到纳入和排除标准，最终确定了 26 项研究，并提取了研究结果。研究结果以往的研究大多是临床试验，其结果显示 F-REFL 能显著降低 LP 和 CA。结论足部反射疗法已被证明可以减少 LP 和 CA，是一种简单、廉价、非侵入性的减少剖宫产的方法。实施这种方法非常简单，不需要专业人员，助产士可以在分娩过程中为产妇有效实施。此外，通过 F-REFL 减少分娩过程中的 LP 和 CA 还能改善产妇的积极分娩体验，保护产后心理健康。
{"title":"The Application of Foot Reflexology for Anxiety and Pain Management in Women's Childbirth: A Literature Review","authors":"Farideh Iraj","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-144798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-144798","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Uncontrolled childbirth anxiety (CA) and labor pain (LP) may cause negative consequences for the mother during subsequent deliveries. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of foot reflexology (F-REFL) on reducing LP and CA during childbirth in the form of a review study. Evidence Acquisition: In this literature review, the findings were collected by evaluating the results of previous similar studies in the last three decades. The most important and common medical subject headings (MeSH) terms related to the topic under discussion were identified to conduct this study. Then, the most relevant studies were searched, and 226 studies were identified at this stage by searching them in the most reliable and essential international databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 26 studies were identified to extract the results. Results: Most of the previous research studies were clinical trials, and their findings showed that F-REFL significantly reduces LP and CA. Conclusions: Foot reflexology has been shown to reduce LP and CA, making it an easy, cheap, and noninvasive method to reduce cesareans. Implementing this method is simple and does not require specialized personnel, and midwives can efficiently perform for mothers during childbirth. Additionally, reducing LP and CA experienced during birth through F-REFL improves women's positive birth experiences and protects postpartum mental health.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Sexual dysfunction (SDF) is one of the negative outcomes of cancer, especially breast cancer in women. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the effect of cancer disease and its treatment on SDF in women with cancer. Evidence Acquisition: This narrative review was conducted by searching past studies in reliable international databases, including Web of Science, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, over the last three decades. In the first step of the search, 189 studies were found. In the second step, 16 studies were selected to present the study after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The results showed that SDF is one of the essential consequences of cancer, especially breast cancer in women, and the SDF incidence increases after cancer treatment, especially after chemotherapy. Based on previous similar studies, the SDF level in the cancer patients’ group was significantly higher than that of healthy individuals. Conclusions: Based on the results, SDF is one of the critical consequences of cancer and its treatment, which requires taking relevant measures to reduce this complication. In this regard, the physicians of these patients should provide the necessary recommendations as they refer them to psychiatrists. In addition, it is suggested that a part of the activities of psychiatric clinics be devoted to counseling about SDF treatment of breast cancer patients.
背景：性功能障碍（SDF）是癌症尤其是女性乳腺癌的负面影响之一。因此，本综述旨在评估癌症疾病及其治疗对女性癌症患者性功能障碍的影响。证据获取：本综述通过在可靠的国际数据库（包括 Web of Science、伊斯兰世界科学引文中心 (ISC)、Scopus、PubMed 和 Google Scholar）中搜索过去三十年中的研究来进行。在第一步搜索中，共找到 189 项研究。第二步，在考虑了纳入和排除标准后，选择了 16 项研究作为本研究的对象。研究结果结果表明，SDF 是癌症，尤其是女性乳腺癌的主要后果之一，SDF 的发生率在癌症治疗，尤其是化疗后有所增加。根据以往的类似研究，癌症患者组的 SDF 水平明显高于健康人。结论根据研究结果，SDF 是癌症及其治疗的严重后果之一，需要采取相关措施减少这一并发症。在这方面，这些患者的医生在将他们转诊给精神科医生时，应提供必要的建议。此外，建议精神科诊所将部分活动专门用于乳腺癌患者的 SDF 治疗咨询。
{"title":"The Effect of Cancer and its Treatment on Sexual Dysfunction in Women: A Review Study","authors":"Masoumeh Hashemi, Samira Alagholipour","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-145060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-145060","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Sexual dysfunction (SDF) is one of the negative outcomes of cancer, especially breast cancer in women. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the effect of cancer disease and its treatment on SDF in women with cancer. Evidence Acquisition: This narrative review was conducted by searching past studies in reliable international databases, including Web of Science, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, over the last three decades. In the first step of the search, 189 studies were found. In the second step, 16 studies were selected to present the study after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The results showed that SDF is one of the essential consequences of cancer, especially breast cancer in women, and the SDF incidence increases after cancer treatment, especially after chemotherapy. Based on previous similar studies, the SDF level in the cancer patients’ group was significantly higher than that of healthy individuals. Conclusions: Based on the results, SDF is one of the critical consequences of cancer and its treatment, which requires taking relevant measures to reduce this complication. In this regard, the physicians of these patients should provide the necessary recommendations as they refer them to psychiatrists. In addition, it is suggested that a part of the activities of psychiatric clinics be devoted to counseling about SDF treatment of breast cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sharafi, Amir Kiani, Abdullah Khalid Omer, Kimya Parnoon, T. Massahi
Background: Milk and dairy products are essential for global nutrition, and ensuring their safety is crucial. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a carcinogen from contaminated animal feed, poses a significant threat to consumers. Objectives: This “health policy brief" highlights the critical need for meticulous and constant monitoring of Iran's animal feed quality and storage conditions to minimize AFM1 contamination in dairy products. Methods: Comprehensive review papers on AFM1 were reviewed in Iranian dairy products, drawing evidence from various databases. Results: The prevalence of AFM1 contamination in Iranian dairy products, particularly risky for children due to extensive consumption, exceeds safety limits, with livestock feed identified as the primary source. Public health demands rigorous monitoring practices, such as stricter feed quality and storage regulations, regular AFM1 testing, stakeholder collaboration, and public awareness. There are many benefits associated with these measures, including lowering AFM1 levels in dairy products, improving food safety standards, minimizing AFM1 exposure risks, especially for children, and increasing consumer confidence in the integrity of the Iranian dairy industry. Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of animal feed is crucial to safeguard public health and ensure the safety of Iranian dairy products, particularly for children. This comprehensive approach, collaboration, and public awareness are vital to mitigating AFM1 contamination and promoting Iran's safe and robust dairy industry.
{"title":"Importance of Rigorous and Ongoing Monitoring of Animal Feed Quality and Storage Conditions to Mitigate Aflatoxin M1 Contamination in Dairy Products in Iran: A Health Policy Brief","authors":"K. Sharafi, Amir Kiani, Abdullah Khalid Omer, Kimya Parnoon, T. Massahi","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-146654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-146654","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Milk and dairy products are essential for global nutrition, and ensuring their safety is crucial. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a carcinogen from contaminated animal feed, poses a significant threat to consumers. Objectives: This “health policy brief\" highlights the critical need for meticulous and constant monitoring of Iran's animal feed quality and storage conditions to minimize AFM1 contamination in dairy products. Methods: Comprehensive review papers on AFM1 were reviewed in Iranian dairy products, drawing evidence from various databases. Results: The prevalence of AFM1 contamination in Iranian dairy products, particularly risky for children due to extensive consumption, exceeds safety limits, with livestock feed identified as the primary source. Public health demands rigorous monitoring practices, such as stricter feed quality and storage regulations, regular AFM1 testing, stakeholder collaboration, and public awareness. There are many benefits associated with these measures, including lowering AFM1 levels in dairy products, improving food safety standards, minimizing AFM1 exposure risks, especially for children, and increasing consumer confidence in the integrity of the Iranian dairy industry. Conclusions: Continuous monitoring of animal feed is crucial to safeguard public health and ensure the safety of Iranian dairy products, particularly for children. This comprehensive approach, collaboration, and public awareness are vital to mitigating AFM1 contamination and promoting Iran's safe and robust dairy industry.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sharafi, Amir Kiani, Abdullah Khalid Omer, Kimya Parnoon, T. Massahi
Background: Acrylamide (AA), a potential carcinogen in high-temperature processed foods like potato chips, raises significant health concerns. Studies have shown that exposure to AA is related to cancer and neurological disorders. Objectives: This research aimed to present a “health policy brief" for policymakers and healthcare authorities in Iran about the criticality of reassessing potato chip manufacturing processes to reduce AA levels and ensure consumer safety. Methods: Relevant studies were reviewed from various databases to support our arguments. Results: Studies conducted in Iran have indicated a high AA concentration in Iranian potato chips, with a concerning risk index for children, necessitating stricter regulations and production process modifications. Conclusions: Modifications like temperature control, pre-treatment methods, alternative frying media, and consumer awareness campaigns to minimize AA formation and promote public health were proposed. These items, coupled with research on asparagine reduction in potatoes grown in Iran, can help establish Iran as a leader in producing safer potato chips.
背景：丙烯酰胺（AA）是薯片等高温加工食品中的一种潜在致癌物质，引起了人们对健康的极大关注。研究表明，接触 AA 与癌症和神经系统疾病有关。研究目的本研究旨在为伊朗的政策制定者和医疗保健机构提供一份 "健康政策简报"，说明重新评估薯片生产工艺以降低 AA 含量并确保消费者安全的重要性。研究方法：从各种数据库中查阅相关研究，以支持我们的论点。结果：在伊朗进行的研究表明，伊朗薯片中的 AA 浓度很高，对儿童的风险指数很高，因此有必要制定更严格的法规并修改生产工艺。结论建议采取温度控制、预处理方法、替代油炸介质和消费者宣传活动等改进措施，最大限度地减少 AA 的形成，促进公众健康。这些措施，再加上对伊朗马铃薯中天门冬酰胺含量的研究，将有助于伊朗成为生产更安全薯片的领先国家。
{"title":"The Need for Re-evaluating the Potato Chips Production Process in Iranian Factories to Minimize the Acrylamide Level: A Health Policy Brief","authors":"K. Sharafi, Amir Kiani, Abdullah Khalid Omer, Kimya Parnoon, T. Massahi","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-146653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-146653","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acrylamide (AA), a potential carcinogen in high-temperature processed foods like potato chips, raises significant health concerns. Studies have shown that exposure to AA is related to cancer and neurological disorders. Objectives: This research aimed to present a “health policy brief\" for policymakers and healthcare authorities in Iran about the criticality of reassessing potato chip manufacturing processes to reduce AA levels and ensure consumer safety. Methods: Relevant studies were reviewed from various databases to support our arguments. Results: Studies conducted in Iran have indicated a high AA concentration in Iranian potato chips, with a concerning risk index for children, necessitating stricter regulations and production process modifications. Conclusions: Modifications like temperature control, pre-treatment methods, alternative frying media, and consumer awareness campaigns to minimize AA formation and promote public health were proposed. These items, coupled with research on asparagine reduction in potatoes grown in Iran, can help establish Iran as a leader in producing safer potato chips.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":"43 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akram Rezaei Aghuei, Hamid Hojjati, N. Hekmati Pour, Hamid Nejat, Ahmad Akbari
Background: Spouses of veterans face many psychological problems, so it is necessary to use different methods to manage the care of veterans and their spouses. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the extended parallel process model (EPPM) on the self-efficacy of spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: The present study was semi-experimental research carried out by control and intervention groups with a pre-test and post-test design. Thirty veterans' spouses were selected randomly and divided into two groups: the control group (15 people) and the group trained with EPPM (15 people). The intervention type was the training, and the method of implementation of the intervention was holding six sessions. The training was based on EPPM; each session was 30 to 40 minutes. The parenting self-agency measure (PSAM) questionnaire evaluated the self-efficacy variable before and after the intervention. Finally, the results were analyzed using statistical tests in the SPSS software Version 21 environment at the significance level (α = 0.05). Results: The independent samples t-test showed that the self-efficacy level before the intervention was not significantly different among all two study groups (P=0.18). At the same time, this difference was significant after the intervention (P
{"title":"The Effect of the Extended Parallel Process Model on Self-efficacy of Spouses of Veterans with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"Akram Rezaei Aghuei, Hamid Hojjati, N. Hekmati Pour, Hamid Nejat, Ahmad Akbari","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-143160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-143160","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spouses of veterans face many psychological problems, so it is necessary to use different methods to manage the care of veterans and their spouses. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the extended parallel process model (EPPM) on the self-efficacy of spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: The present study was semi-experimental research carried out by control and intervention groups with a pre-test and post-test design. Thirty veterans' spouses were selected randomly and divided into two groups: the control group (15 people) and the group trained with EPPM (15 people). The intervention type was the training, and the method of implementation of the intervention was holding six sessions. The training was based on EPPM; each session was 30 to 40 minutes. The parenting self-agency measure (PSAM) questionnaire evaluated the self-efficacy variable before and after the intervention. Finally, the results were analyzed using statistical tests in the SPSS software Version 21 environment at the significance level (α = 0.05). Results: The independent samples t-test showed that the self-efficacy level before the intervention was not significantly different among all two study groups (P=0.18). At the same time, this difference was significant after the intervention (P","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":"175 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive method to stimulate the brain, which has recently been used to treat psychiatric and neurological disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the most widely used tES protocols. This study aimed to review the effectiveness of tDCS for the treatment of various mental disorders. Evidence Acquisition: The present study is a narrative review type, for which more than 55 articles and scientific reports were downloaded using MeSH terms related to the subject of the study by reliable and international databases. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 studies were selected, and the results of those studies were recorded. Results: Transcranial direct current stimulation significantly affected the treatment of various mental disorders, including depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorders. In addition, this treatment method improved the symptoms of each of the aforementioned mental disorders. Conclusions: Based on the findings, the use of tDCS can be effective in improving mental disorders. However, it seems necessary to conduct more studies to achieve reassuring findings due to limited results in some areas.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for the Treatment of Various Mental Disorders: A Narrative Review","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Salemi, Nasser Sobhi-Gharamaleki","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-143420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-143420","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive method to stimulate the brain, which has recently been used to treat psychiatric and neurological disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the most widely used tES protocols. This study aimed to review the effectiveness of tDCS for the treatment of various mental disorders. Evidence Acquisition: The present study is a narrative review type, for which more than 55 articles and scientific reports were downloaded using MeSH terms related to the subject of the study by reliable and international databases. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 studies were selected, and the results of those studies were recorded. Results: Transcranial direct current stimulation significantly affected the treatment of various mental disorders, including depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorders. In addition, this treatment method improved the symptoms of each of the aforementioned mental disorders. Conclusions: Based on the findings, the use of tDCS can be effective in improving mental disorders. However, it seems necessary to conduct more studies to achieve reassuring findings due to limited results in some areas.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139783213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive method to stimulate the brain, which has recently been used to treat psychiatric and neurological disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the most widely used tES protocols. This study aimed to review the effectiveness of tDCS for the treatment of various mental disorders. Evidence Acquisition: The present study is a narrative review type, for which more than 55 articles and scientific reports were downloaded using MeSH terms related to the subject of the study by reliable and international databases. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 studies were selected, and the results of those studies were recorded. Results: Transcranial direct current stimulation significantly affected the treatment of various mental disorders, including depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorders. In addition, this treatment method improved the symptoms of each of the aforementioned mental disorders. Conclusions: Based on the findings, the use of tDCS can be effective in improving mental disorders. However, it seems necessary to conduct more studies to achieve reassuring findings due to limited results in some areas.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for the Treatment of Various Mental Disorders: A Narrative Review","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Salemi, Nasser Sobhi-Gharamaleki","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-143420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-143420","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a non-invasive method to stimulate the brain, which has recently been used to treat psychiatric and neurological disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the most widely used tES protocols. This study aimed to review the effectiveness of tDCS for the treatment of various mental disorders. Evidence Acquisition: The present study is a narrative review type, for which more than 55 articles and scientific reports were downloaded using MeSH terms related to the subject of the study by reliable and international databases. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 studies were selected, and the results of those studies were recorded. Results: Transcranial direct current stimulation significantly affected the treatment of various mental disorders, including depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and anxiety disorders. In addition, this treatment method improved the symptoms of each of the aforementioned mental disorders. Conclusions: Based on the findings, the use of tDCS can be effective in improving mental disorders. However, it seems necessary to conduct more studies to achieve reassuring findings due to limited results in some areas.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":"125 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139842764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Among patients undergoing surgery, preoperative anxiety (PA) is one of the most common psychological problems that can negatively impact the patient's physical health and the operation's outcome. Preoperative patient education (PPE) is a way to reduce PA, which has many advantages over pharmaceutical methods. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PPE on PA in patients who are candidates for surgery by reviewing similar previous studies. Evidence Acquisition: The data in this narrative review were collected by searching past studies in reliable international databases, including Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, in the last two decades. In the first stage of the search, 248 articles and scientific reports were received, and then 30 articles were selected as final studies by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In most previous similar studies, PPE significantly reduced PA in patients who are candidates for surgery. However, the findings of a small number of studies also showed that PPE had little positive effect, no effect, or negative effect on PA control. There were different methods to provide information to patients before surgery, and the efficiency and application of each were different based on the demographic characteristics of the patients. Conclusions: Based on the findings, appropriate training methods can reduce the level of PA in patients who are candidates for surgery. However, in some past studies, providing information about the surgical procedure may increase patients' PA. Therefore, nurses or medical staff with more contact with patients are suggested to have sufficient experience and knowledge in providing information and choosing the training method for patients before surgery.
背景：在接受手术的患者中，术前焦虑（PA）是最常见的心理问题之一，会对患者的身体健康和手术效果产生负面影响。术前患者教育（PPE）是减少术前焦虑的一种方法，与药物治疗方法相比具有很多优势。因此，本研究旨在通过回顾以往的类似研究，评估 PPE 对手术候选患者 PA 的有效性。证据获取：本综述中的数据是通过在可靠的国际数据库（包括 Web of Science、Science Direct、Scopus、PubMed 和 Google Scholar）中搜索过去二十年中的研究而收集的。在第一阶段的搜索中，共收到 248 篇文章和科学报告，然后根据纳入和排除标准筛选出 30 篇文章作为最终研究。研究结果在之前的大多数类似研究中，PPE 能显著降低手术候选患者的 PA。但也有少数研究结果显示，PPE 对 PA 控制的积极作用很小、无作用或有负面作用。术前向患者提供信息的方法多种多样，根据患者的人口统计学特征，每种方法的效率和应用情况也不尽相同。结论：根据研究结果，适当的训练方法可以降低手术候选患者的 PA 水平。然而，在过去的一些研究中，提供有关手术过程的信息可能会增加患者的 PA。因此，建议与患者接触较多的护士或医务人员在术前为患者提供信息和选择训练方法时，应具备足够的经验和知识。
{"title":"The Effect of Preoperative Education on Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Waiting for Surgery: A literature Review","authors":"Shahram Samadi","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-144503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-144503","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Among patients undergoing surgery, preoperative anxiety (PA) is one of the most common psychological problems that can negatively impact the patient's physical health and the operation's outcome. Preoperative patient education (PPE) is a way to reduce PA, which has many advantages over pharmaceutical methods. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PPE on PA in patients who are candidates for surgery by reviewing similar previous studies. Evidence Acquisition: The data in this narrative review were collected by searching past studies in reliable international databases, including Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, in the last two decades. In the first stage of the search, 248 articles and scientific reports were received, and then 30 articles were selected as final studies by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: In most previous similar studies, PPE significantly reduced PA in patients who are candidates for surgery. However, the findings of a small number of studies also showed that PPE had little positive effect, no effect, or negative effect on PA control. There were different methods to provide information to patients before surgery, and the efficiency and application of each were different based on the demographic characteristics of the patients. Conclusions: Based on the findings, appropriate training methods can reduce the level of PA in patients who are candidates for surgery. However, in some past studies, providing information about the surgical procedure may increase patients' PA. Therefore, nurses or medical staff with more contact with patients are suggested to have sufficient experience and knowledge in providing information and choosing the training method for patients before surgery.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140462621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is associated with multiple gene mutations and is recognized under various names, including medullary cystic kidney disease type 2, familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy, uromodulin-associated kidney disease, and medullary cystic kidney disease type 2. A comprehensive understanding of these rare disorders can shed light on the pattern of tubulointerstitial fibrosis observed in various forms of chronic kidney disease. Case Presentation: Here, a case of a patient is presented who experienced acute kidney injury (AKI) following severe physical activity and an atypical manifestation of this genetic disorder. Typically, ADTKD leads to a gradual loss of kidney function, but the patient presented with AKI. The patient's renal function returned to normal following appropriate therapy. The patient's brother had a similar history of renal disease following physical activities, prompting suspicion of a shared genetic disorder. Conclusions: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted, and the results revealed the presence of the mucin 1 (MUC1) mutation, confirming the diagnosis of ADTKD. This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of genetic disorders and utilizing advanced genetic studies for accurate diagnosis and management.
{"title":"Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease Case with Sever Acute Kidney Injury in Activities Beyond the Usual: An Unusual Presentation of the Disease","authors":"Fereshteh Saddadi, Fateme Elahi, Azin Ghaffari","doi":"10.5812/jhrt-143852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jhrt-143852","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is associated with multiple gene mutations and is recognized under various names, including medullary cystic kidney disease type 2, familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy, uromodulin-associated kidney disease, and medullary cystic kidney disease type 2. A comprehensive understanding of these rare disorders can shed light on the pattern of tubulointerstitial fibrosis observed in various forms of chronic kidney disease. Case Presentation: Here, a case of a patient is presented who experienced acute kidney injury (AKI) following severe physical activity and an atypical manifestation of this genetic disorder. Typically, ADTKD leads to a gradual loss of kidney function, but the patient presented with AKI. The patient's renal function returned to normal following appropriate therapy. The patient's brother had a similar history of renal disease following physical activities, prompting suspicion of a shared genetic disorder. Conclusions: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted, and the results revealed the presence of the mucin 1 (MUC1) mutation, confirming the diagnosis of ADTKD. This case highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of genetic disorders and utilizing advanced genetic studies for accurate diagnosis and management.","PeriodicalId":304466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Reports and Technology","volume":"237 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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