Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).02
Bakhtiar Khan, A. Khan, I. Khan
Democratic governance empowers and provides citizens the opportunity to live a life of their free will. Unfortunately, Pakistans democracy is confronted with numerous challenges. Among these challenges, governance issues are worthy of attention. The paper especially focuses on PPPs first tenure under Benazir Bhutto in terms of its commitment to democratic governance. It was expected that the norms of democracy would be strengthened, and the country would never see dictatorial rule again in any manifestation. This paper examines PPPs style of governance keeping in view its fragile position in the parliament and the all-over hostile working environment in the country in 1988-90. Centreprovincial relationship; especially Punjab, has also been taken into account. The study explores Benazirs claims and struggles for strengthening democracy. Furthermore, the paper highlights those factors that made the party to fulfil its commitments and to bring the systm of good governance in Pakistan.
{"title":"The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).","authors":"Bakhtiar Khan, A. Khan, I. Khan","doi":"10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).02","url":null,"abstract":"Democratic governance empowers and provides citizens the opportunity to live a life of their free will. Unfortunately, Pakistans democracy is confronted with numerous challenges. Among these challenges, governance issues are worthy of attention. The paper especially focuses on PPPs first tenure under Benazir Bhutto in terms of its commitment to democratic governance. It was expected that the norms of democracy would be strengthened, and the country would never see dictatorial rule again in any manifestation. This paper examines PPPs style of governance keeping in view its fragile position in the parliament and the all-over hostile working environment in the country in 1988-90. Centreprovincial relationship; especially Punjab, has also been taken into account. The study explores Benazirs claims and struggles for strengthening democracy. Furthermore, the paper highlights those factors that made the party to fulfil its commitments and to bring the systm of good governance in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86953779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).02
Desi Indriati, Chablullah Wibisono, Indrayani
There are problems with the performance of the Riau Islands Province Education Agency Employees. This study uses the judgmental technique (purposive) to get a sample of 122 employees. The results of calculations assisted SPSS version 22 and AMOS (Analysis Moment of Structural) version 24. Square Multiple Correlation whose value is respectively for Performance = 0.828, for Organizational Citizenship Behavior = 0.826. Square Multiple Correlation value for the Performance variable 82.8%. Thus it can be stated that the change in performance is determined by Achievement Motivation, Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior by 82.8%. For Organizational Citizenship Behavior R2 = 82.6%. Thus it can be stated that the change in Organizational Citizenship Behavior is determined by Achievement Motivation, Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture by 82.6%. With this research, the problem of the performance of the Riau Islands Province Education Agency Employees performance has been answered.
廖内群岛省教育局雇员的表现存在问题。本研究采用判断法(目的性)选取122名员工作为样本。计算结果辅助SPSS version 22和AMOS (Analysis Moment of Structural) version 24。其值对于绩效= 0.828，对于组织公民行为= 0.826。性能变量的平方多重相关值为82.8%。由此可见，82.8%的绩效变化是由成就动机、变革型领导、组织文化和组织公民行为决定的。对于组织公民行为，R2 = 82.6%。由此可见，82.6%的组织公民行为变化是由成就动机、变革型领导、组织文化决定的。通过本研究，解决了廖内群岛省教育局员工绩效问题。
{"title":"Determining Achievements Motivation, Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture for Employee Performance with Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as Intervening in the Education Depa","authors":"Desi Indriati, Chablullah Wibisono, Indrayani","doi":"10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).02","url":null,"abstract":"There are problems with the performance of the Riau Islands Province Education Agency Employees. This study uses the judgmental technique (purposive) to get a sample of 122 employees. The results of calculations assisted SPSS version 22 and AMOS (Analysis Moment of Structural) version 24. Square Multiple Correlation whose value is respectively for Performance = 0.828, for Organizational Citizenship Behavior = 0.826. Square Multiple Correlation value for the Performance variable 82.8%. Thus it can be stated that the change in performance is determined by Achievement Motivation, Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior by 82.8%. For Organizational Citizenship Behavior R2 = 82.6%. Thus it can be stated that the change in Organizational Citizenship Behavior is determined by Achievement Motivation, Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture by 82.6%. With this research, the problem of the performance of the Riau Islands Province Education Agency Employees performance has been answered.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84250699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).06
Mujib-ur Rahman, A. Hafeez, Wisal Ahmad
A strong industrial sector shows greater economic growth. To find industrial growth, this study hereby made an attempt. Time series data is used. Data is obtained from the years 1984 to 2018. The stationarity of the series is checked through Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF). Moreover, the ARDL approach is used to check short and long-run estimation of the model, estimating the determinants of the industrial sector growth in Pakistan. A long-run positive and significant associations between External debt (% of GDP), GDP (Annual Growth), FDI, Remittances (% of GDP) is identified, while trade has a negative effect on industrial growth. The factor remittances have an insignificant but positive influence on the industrial sector growth.
{"title":"Determinants of Industrial Sector Growth in Pakistan","authors":"Mujib-ur Rahman, A. Hafeez, Wisal Ahmad","doi":"10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).06","url":null,"abstract":"A strong industrial sector shows greater economic growth. To find industrial growth, this study hereby made an attempt. Time series data is used. Data is obtained from the years 1984 to 2018. The stationarity of the series is checked through Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF). Moreover, the ARDL approach is used to check short and long-run estimation of the model, estimating the determinants of the industrial sector growth in Pakistan. A long-run positive and significant associations between External debt (% of GDP), GDP (Annual Growth), FDI, Remittances (% of GDP) is identified, while trade has a negative effect on industrial growth. The factor remittances have an insignificant but positive influence on the industrial sector growth.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82635283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).05
Zaheer Abbas, Inayat Kalim, M. Shoaib Malik
The Central Asia South Asia Electricity Transmission and Trade Project (CASA-1000) is a trans-regional project aiming transition of 1300 megawatts hydroelectric power from Central Asian states; Tajikistan and Kyrgyz Republic, to South Asian countries; Afghanistan and Pakistan. This is not merely an energy project transiting electricity but having potential to enhance bilateral and multilateral cooperation among participating states beyond the regional level. After its successful completion, the project will help increasing regionalism to connectivity, surge development to mutual trade and serve energy complementary situation to new openings in multidimensional fields. The paper aims to highlight the likely opportunities and benefits of realization of the project.
{"title":"CASA-1000: ITS POTENTIAL FOR REGIONAL TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Zaheer Abbas, Inayat Kalim, M. Shoaib Malik","doi":"10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).05","url":null,"abstract":"The Central Asia South Asia Electricity Transmission and Trade Project (CASA-1000) is a trans-regional project aiming transition of 1300 megawatts hydroelectric power from Central Asian states; Tajikistan and Kyrgyz Republic, to South Asian countries; Afghanistan and Pakistan. This is not merely an energy project transiting electricity but having potential to enhance bilateral and multilateral cooperation among participating states beyond the regional level. After its successful completion, the project will help increasing regionalism to connectivity, surge development to mutual trade and serve energy complementary situation to new openings in multidimensional fields. The paper aims to highlight the likely opportunities and benefits of realization of the project.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90057491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).08
Qazi Sikandar Hayat, Muhammad Sohail Alam Khan, Brekhna Gul
This paper critically and systematically reviews previous literature on Risk Mitigation in an interest free banking system. The paper, through a study of literature,identifies different forms of risks that are general to all financial institutions and are largely systematic. The review highlights unique risks and unique risk management practices which are specific to Islamic Banking and Financial system. The review enables us by highlighting the importance of the Islamic financial system in the form of real economic activity it performs, unlike the conventional financial system. The Islamic banking system does not permit the use of conventional risk management practices and therefore require risk mitigation practices that are distinctive and particular to Islamic Financial Institutions. A conceptual framework is proposed based on the review of literature proposing three main regulatory variables comprising of Shari'ah Compliant Prudent investing, financing and transactions, Separate Advisory of Scholars and, Integrated Accounting, Auditing and Financial Systems. All these three variables,when implemented, results inadequate capital for absorbing risks,Shari'ah Compliant business practices and monitoring and,identification and controlling of risk factors. This leads to managing unique risks particular to Islamic Financial System through policies and regulations, resulting in sustained profits of the business by avoiding adverse effects on institutions, thus ensuring long term stability and growth. Furthermore, methodology and directions for future research are discussed.
{"title":"Risk Mitigation in an Interest Free and Non- Speculative Financial System: A Critical Review and Regulatory Framework for Shari'ah Compliant Risk Management","authors":"Qazi Sikandar Hayat, Muhammad Sohail Alam Khan, Brekhna Gul","doi":"10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).08","url":null,"abstract":"This paper critically and systematically reviews previous literature on Risk Mitigation in an interest free banking system. The paper, through a study of literature,identifies different forms of risks that are general to all financial institutions and are largely systematic. The review highlights unique risks and unique risk management practices which are specific to Islamic Banking and Financial system. The review enables us by highlighting the importance of the Islamic financial system in the form of real economic activity it performs, unlike the conventional financial system. The Islamic banking system does not permit the use of conventional risk management practices and therefore require risk mitigation practices that are distinctive and particular to Islamic Financial Institutions. A conceptual framework is proposed based on the review of literature proposing three main regulatory variables comprising of Shari'ah Compliant Prudent investing, financing and transactions, Separate Advisory of Scholars and, Integrated Accounting, Auditing and Financial Systems. All these three variables,when implemented, results inadequate capital for absorbing risks,Shari'ah Compliant business practices and monitoring and,identification and controlling of risk factors. This leads to managing unique risks particular to Islamic Financial System through policies and regulations, resulting in sustained profits of the business by avoiding adverse effects on institutions, thus ensuring long term stability and growth. Furthermore, methodology and directions for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81265988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).04
Shahid Qureshi, A. Mustafa, Misbah Amin
This research applies the indigenous entrepreneurship model developed at the center for entrepreneurial development at IBA Karachi. This model is based on the pre-effectuation principles and effectuation theory of entrepreneurship. The model is different from the existing utilitarian models. The model signifies the importance of nation-building and family orientation to pursue an entrepreneurial journey. The efficacy of the model has been tested on a sample of 500 young participants (men and women) during the Entrepreneurship Programs. Effectuation and Pre-effectuation have been tested on a sample of 500 participants (including both men and women), and Nation-building and Family orientation is tested amongst the sample of women only. The paper reveals the impact of entrepreneurial mindset training and coaching in Karachi and Faisalabad. For the efficacy of the indigenous entrepreneurship model, the research paper presents the sample case studies.
{"title":"Administration of the Indigenous Entrepreneurship Model on a Sample of Young Entrepreneurs","authors":"Shahid Qureshi, A. Mustafa, Misbah Amin","doi":"10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).04","url":null,"abstract":"This research applies the indigenous entrepreneurship model developed at the center for entrepreneurial development at IBA Karachi. This model is based on the pre-effectuation principles and effectuation theory of entrepreneurship. The model is different from the existing utilitarian models. The model signifies the importance of nation-building and family orientation to pursue an entrepreneurial journey. The efficacy of the model has been tested on a sample of 500 young participants (men and women) during the Entrepreneurship Programs. Effectuation and Pre-effectuation have been tested on a sample of 500 participants (including both men and women), and Nation-building and Family orientation is tested amongst the sample of women only. The paper reveals the impact of entrepreneurial mindset training and coaching in Karachi and Faisalabad. For the efficacy of the indigenous entrepreneurship model, the research paper presents the sample case studies.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73440108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).01
Farooq Ahmad, Syed Ali Raza Hamid, M. Qaisar
Social marketing is an emerging sub-discipline of marketing. Social marketing deals with attitudinal reconstruction and helps to augment behavioral changes to address various social issues. Social marketing also uses conventional elements of 4Ps to influence behavior change. In this study, a systematic literature review was examined from peer-reviewed journals on social marketing. The focus of this literature review was on important theoretical contributions and theories used in the social marketing domain. Social marketing employed the theories initially developed in psychology and social psychology to study the phenomenon of behavior change as a function of intra-individual processing, persuasive techniques, and one-way communication. Individual centered approaches have been used in this context. The role of group dynamics a strategic tool has not been explored in the domain of social marketing. The research paper has identified possible future research areas in the domain of social marketing in the context of group dynamics.
{"title":"Advancing the Field of Social Marketing Through the Lens of Group Dynamics: An Overview and Research Agenda","authors":"Farooq Ahmad, Syed Ali Raza Hamid, M. Qaisar","doi":"10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/ger.2019(iv-iii).01","url":null,"abstract":"Social marketing is an emerging sub-discipline of marketing. Social marketing deals with attitudinal reconstruction and helps to augment behavioral changes to address various social issues. Social marketing also uses conventional elements of 4Ps to influence behavior change. In this study, a systematic literature review was examined from peer-reviewed journals on social marketing. The focus of this literature review was on important theoretical contributions and theories used in the social marketing domain. Social marketing employed the theories initially developed in psychology and social psychology to study the phenomenon of behavior change as a function of intra-individual processing, persuasive techniques, and one-way communication. Individual centered approaches have been used in this context. The role of group dynamics a strategic tool has not been explored in the domain of social marketing. The research paper has identified possible future research areas in the domain of social marketing in the context of group dynamics.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88104321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).04
M. Zubair, Muhammad Aqeel Khan, M. Shah
This article explores Pakistan’s policy towards Afghan refugees since their arrival into Pakistan in 1979. As Pakistan has no refugee related law at national level nor is a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its Protocol of 1967; but despite of all these obstacles it has welcomed the refugees from Afghanistan after the Russian aggression. During their stay here in Pakistan, these refugees have faced various problems due to the non-existence of the relevant laws and have been treated under the Foreigner’s Act of 1946, which did not apply to them. What impact this absence of law has made on the lives of these Afghan refugees? Here various phases of their arrival into Pakistan as well as the shift in policies of the government of Pakistan have been also discussed in brief. This article explores all these obstacles along with possible legal remedies.
{"title":"Analysis of Pakistan's Policy Towards Afghan Refugees: A Legal Perspective","authors":"M. Zubair, Muhammad Aqeel Khan, M. Shah","doi":"10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).04","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores Pakistan’s policy towards Afghan refugees since their arrival into Pakistan in 1979. As Pakistan has no refugee related law at national level nor is a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention or its Protocol of 1967; but despite of all these obstacles it has welcomed the refugees from Afghanistan after the Russian aggression. During their stay here in Pakistan, these refugees have faced various problems due to the non-existence of the relevant laws and have been treated under the Foreigner’s Act of 1946, which did not apply to them. What impact this absence of law has made on the lives of these Afghan refugees? Here various phases of their arrival into Pakistan as well as the shift in policies of the government of Pakistan have been also discussed in brief. This article explores all these obstacles along with possible legal remedies.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77013653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).08
A. Khan, Muhammad Imran, Nazakat
Pakistan's history is witness to the fact that in all cases of the military takeover, though Military Regimes initially were able to consolidate, yet with the passage of time, growing discontent, desire for change, and the gradual erosion of legitimacy pose a serious threat to not only the regime but also the institutional interests of the military. International allies of the regime also feel it difficult to support an unpopular regime at home. Thus the combination of internal and external pressures compels the regime to transfer power to civilian leadership. Emerging democracy, in the post-transition period, faces a multitude of challenges. This paper investigates various challenges posed to the newly installed government of the PPPP led alliance after the transition of 2008. The paper is based upon the juxtaposition of primary and secondary sources to enrich and substantiate the arguments.
{"title":"Post Transition Challenges to Emergent Democracy: A Study of 2008 Transition in Pakistan","authors":"A. Khan, Muhammad Imran, Nazakat","doi":"10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).08","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan's history is witness to the fact that in all cases of the military takeover, though Military Regimes initially were able to consolidate, yet with the passage of time, growing discontent, desire for change, and the gradual erosion of legitimacy pose a serious threat to not only the regime but also the institutional interests of the military. International allies of the regime also feel it difficult to support an unpopular regime at home. Thus the combination of internal and external pressures compels the regime to transfer power to civilian leadership. Emerging democracy, in the post-transition period, faces a multitude of challenges. This paper investigates various challenges posed to the newly installed government of the PPPP led alliance after the transition of 2008. The paper is based upon the juxtaposition of primary and secondary sources to enrich and substantiate the arguments.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85681030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).07
A. Shah, Nilofar Ihsan, Hina Malik
It is interesting to note that international law doesn't talk about the secession of any group from the parent state in express words. However, at the same time, it doesn't deny people's right to self-determination too. Despite all this ambiguity about secession in international law, state dissolution hasn't stopped. This secession is justified on two strands of theoretical arguments. The first one suggests that it is everyone's fundamental right to live or not to live in a particular state by forming a state of their own. The second one suggests that if a state commits atrocities on a particular community, and the victims exhaust all legal and democratic means to emancipate themselves and their community, they can resort to secession and separation from the parent state in the last resort. However, secession on such grounds is covered by norms and provisions of international law in the post-colonial world.
{"title":"The Complex Knot between Sovereignty of States and Secession in International Law: Evidence from Around the World","authors":"A. Shah, Nilofar Ihsan, Hina Malik","doi":"10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(iv-iii).07","url":null,"abstract":"It is interesting to note that international law doesn't talk about the secession of any group from the parent state in express words. However, at the same time, it doesn't deny people's right to self-determination too. Despite all this ambiguity about secession in international law, state dissolution hasn't stopped. This secession is justified on two strands of theoretical arguments. The first one suggests that it is everyone's fundamental right to live or not to live in a particular state by forming a state of their own. The second one suggests that if a state commits atrocities on a particular community, and the victims exhaust all legal and democratic means to emancipate themselves and their community, they can resort to secession and separation from the parent state in the last resort. However, secession on such grounds is covered by norms and provisions of international law in the post-colonial world.","PeriodicalId":30483,"journal":{"name":"Palestrica mileniului III","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88332012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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