The topic of software testing is as general as the blue sky, and because software has become one of the key ingredients used to build machines, testing methodologies have become an important part of the overall software development cycle, particularly in highly demanding real time environments. A good software test insures that the machine performs in the manner envisioned by its creators. While testing can be done at many stages ranging from design and code reviews to low level testing of code at the procedure and subroutine level, the focus of this paper will be on testing the functional behavior of the end product. Testing of a special class of machine, the Private Automatic Branch Exchange, (PABX) is discussed along with a novel approach which was developed and successfully applied. The PABX can be characterized as a finite state machine, but for testing purposes it has an almost infinite number of states to test. This paper will discuss the selection and formalization of an algorithmic testing notation and set of related procedures which insures stringent product quality goals while at the same time reducing the testing effort to a reasonable and manageable task.
{"title":"Software testing and the PABX","authors":"J. Greaves, Art Bailey","doi":"10.1145/800173.809726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800173.809726","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of software testing is as general as the blue sky, and because software has become one of the key ingredients used to build machines, testing methodologies have become an important part of the overall software development cycle, particularly in highly demanding real time environments. A good software test insures that the machine performs in the manner envisioned by its creators. While testing can be done at many stages ranging from design and code reviews to low level testing of code at the procedure and subroutine level, the focus of this paper will be on testing the functional behavior of the end product. Testing of a special class of machine, the Private Automatic Branch Exchange, (PABX) is discussed along with a novel approach which was developed and successfully applied. The PABX can be characterized as a finite state machine, but for testing purposes it has an almost infinite number of states to test. This paper will discuss the selection and formalization of an algorithmic testing notation and set of related procedures which insures stringent product quality goals while at the same time reducing the testing effort to a reasonable and manageable task.","PeriodicalId":306306,"journal":{"name":"ACM '83","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122247618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Are multi-user microcomputer systems a good idea? They tend to be reinventions of the timesharing mainframe mistakes of the 60's and 70's. Why not give each user a real micro? This argument leads one either to multiprocessor systems, or to networking. But UNIX is an interesting system, since it's inherently multi-programmed, and because multi-programming if done correctly makes your system inherently multi-user. This is a case of the principle that if you make things general, you often get unexpected benefits. UNIX also inherently facilitates sharing of files and other resources. Other systems tend to make communal sharing difficult. UNIX evolved to serve a small community of cooperating users, hence a “supermicro” UNIX for a small department should work well (and does). UNIX has also, of course, been used in much larger (and less cooperative!) environments with considerable success (but not without some system maintenance).
{"title":"Microcomputer operating systems panel: UNIX","authors":"I. Darwin","doi":"10.1145/800173.809718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800173.809718","url":null,"abstract":"Are multi-user microcomputer systems a good idea? They tend to be reinventions of the timesharing mainframe mistakes of the 60's and 70's. Why not give each user a real micro? This argument leads one either to multiprocessor systems, or to networking.\u0000 But UNIX is an interesting system, since it's inherently multi-programmed, and because multi-programming if done correctly makes your system inherently multi-user. This is a case of the principle that if you make things general, you often get unexpected benefits.\u0000 UNIX also inherently facilitates sharing of files and other resources. Other systems tend to make communal sharing difficult. UNIX evolved to serve a small community of cooperating users, hence a “supermicro” UNIX for a small department should work well (and does). UNIX has also, of course, been used in much larger (and less cooperative!) environments with considerable success (but not without some system maintenance).","PeriodicalId":306306,"journal":{"name":"ACM '83","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123325167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sci-Mate is a microcomputer software package that has two independent, but related, components. One is called the Universal Online Searcher (UOS). It enables a person to search five online host systems using a single menu-driven language and to download records from the search. The second component is called the Personal Data Manager (PDM). It enables the downloaded records to be formatted into fields, stored, updated and text searched in the users' own files on the microcomputer. The UOS performs three major functions. First, it mediates the data communications and login process. Second, it translates from a menu-driven to the respective host language, and third, it controls the downloading of responses.
Sci-Mate是一个微型计算机软件包，它有两个独立但相关的组件。一个是通用在线搜索器(UOS)。它使人们能够使用单一菜单驱动语言搜索五个在线主机系统，并从搜索中下载记录。第二个组件称为个人数据管理器(Personal Data Manager, PDM)。它使下载的记录能够格式化成字段，储存、更新和在微型计算机上用户自己的文件中进行文本搜索。UOS有三个主要功能。首先，它调解数据通信和登录过程。第二，它从菜单驱动转换为相应的宿主语言，第三，它控制响应的下载。
{"title":"Sci-Mate—a microcomputer system for Online Search and Personal File Management","authors":"D. Lefkovitz, David Toliver","doi":"10.1145/800173.809732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800173.809732","url":null,"abstract":"Sci-Mate is a microcomputer software package that has two independent, but related, components. One is called the Universal Online Searcher (UOS). It enables a person to search five online host systems using a single menu-driven language and to download records from the search. The second component is called the Personal Data Manager (PDM). It enables the downloaded records to be formatted into fields, stored, updated and text searched in the users' own files on the microcomputer.\u0000 The UOS performs three major functions. First, it mediates the data communications and login process. Second, it translates from a menu-driven to the respective host language, and third, it controls the downloading of responses.","PeriodicalId":306306,"journal":{"name":"ACM '83","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127483844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This note summarizes current status of local area network offerings, local area network standardization activities, and growth projections for the LAN market during 1982-90.
本报告总结了局域网产品的现状、局域网标准化活动以及1982- 1990年间局域网市场的增长预测。
{"title":"Perspective on local area networks","authors":"D. Sidhu","doi":"10.1145/800173.809681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800173.809681","url":null,"abstract":"This note summarizes current status of local area network offerings, local area network standardization activities, and growth projections for the LAN market during 1982-90.","PeriodicalId":306306,"journal":{"name":"ACM '83","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127878911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Music copying (the writing of musical scores) does not lend itself easily to automation. Like language, music notation has evolved over a long period of time, resulting in notational conventions which are complicated and often illogical. Many of the symbols required are quite elaborate, and some can vary in size and proportion. For a musician to be able to read the music quickly and correctly in a performance situation, the notation must follow a very precise set of aesthetic rules. For these reasons music is almost always hand copied, even today. Composers typically draw up their own scores and then send them to a copyist to have the parts extracted. The parts usually contain mistakes, and the scores are often not as legible as they should be. Furthermore, musicians often compose under extreme pressure, allowing little time for proofreading and revision. The following is a description of a computer system which offers an alternative to this expensive and time consuming process by automatically transcribing keyboard performances into legible musical scores. In designing an automated music printing system, a number of complex problems arise. The user should not be expected to be a computer expert. Input to such a system should be simple and natural and not require unusual skills. The system should be able to produce valid music with minimal user interaction, and therefore must handle unassisted many complex aspects of written music. For the system to do everything completely automatically would require artificial intelligence capabilities which could not be implemented in a small system affordable to the musician. Instead, comprehensive, flexible editing must be provided to allow the user to step in where the machine fails to copy correctly. Finally the system must provide quick, clean output on durable paper so that the music can be reproduced easily and will withstand the demands of stage performance.
{"title":"Finished musical scores from the keyboard: An expansion of the composer's creativity","authors":"Alan D. Talbot","doi":"10.1145/800173.809742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/800173.809742","url":null,"abstract":"Music copying (the writing of musical scores) does not lend itself easily to automation. Like language, music notation has evolved over a long period of time, resulting in notational conventions which are complicated and often illogical. Many of the symbols required are quite elaborate, and some can vary in size and proportion. For a musician to be able to read the music quickly and correctly in a performance situation, the notation must follow a very precise set of aesthetic rules. For these reasons music is almost always hand copied, even today. Composers typically draw up their own scores and then send them to a copyist to have the parts extracted. The parts usually contain mistakes, and the scores are often not as legible as they should be. Furthermore, musicians often compose under extreme pressure, allowing little time for proofreading and revision. The following is a description of a computer system which offers an alternative to this expensive and time consuming process by automatically transcribing keyboard performances into legible musical scores.\u0000 In designing an automated music printing system, a number of complex problems arise. The user should not be expected to be a computer expert. Input to such a system should be simple and natural and not require unusual skills. The system should be able to produce valid music with minimal user interaction, and therefore must handle unassisted many complex aspects of written music. For the system to do everything completely automatically would require artificial intelligence capabilities which could not be implemented in a small system affordable to the musician. Instead, comprehensive, flexible editing must be provided to allow the user to step in where the machine fails to copy correctly. Finally the system must provide quick, clean output on durable paper so that the music can be reproduced easily and will withstand the demands of stage performance.","PeriodicalId":306306,"journal":{"name":"ACM '83","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116899009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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