: The article presents research on the influence of stress on making decisions, the importance of which is based on trust and trustworthiness. In particular, it also applies to the gender factor, as research shows that the reactions of women and men are different. The role of women in management processes is constantly growing, and the recognition of the reaction to stressful situations accompanying the decision-making process is noteworthy and little recognized in terms of trust and trustworthiness. The research used the theory-based experiment method and the questionnaire method, which made it possible to assess the intentional-behavioural gap, i.e. the assessment of the convergence of the declaration with the observation; 199 people (students of management) were subject of the study. The research results do not indicate the fragility of trust and credibility in the context of stress, nor do they show significant differences in changes in trust and credibility between women and men in response to stress. However, they indicate the need for the cautious use of the survey tool in the examination of trust and trustworthiness.
{"title":"Trust and trustworthiness of women and men in decision-making processes in conditions of stress","authors":"Urszula Markowska-Przybyła","doi":"10.15611/pn.2021.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2021.2.05","url":null,"abstract":": The article presents research on the influence of stress on making decisions, the importance of which is based on trust and trustworthiness. In particular, it also applies to the gender factor, as research shows that the reactions of women and men are different. The role of women in management processes is constantly growing, and the recognition of the reaction to stressful situations accompanying the decision-making process is noteworthy and little recognized in terms of trust and trustworthiness. The research used the theory-based experiment method and the questionnaire method, which made it possible to assess the intentional-behavioural gap, i.e. the assessment of the convergence of the declaration with the observation; 199 people (students of management) were subject of the study. The research results do not indicate the fragility of trust and credibility in the context of stress, nor do they show significant differences in changes in trust and credibility between women and men in response to stress. However, they indicate the need for the cautious use of the survey tool in the examination of trust and trustworthiness.","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123095729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Celem opracowania jest prezentacja znaczenia wykorzystania wymiarów i modułów marketingu doświadczeń oraz oferowania atrakcyjnych wartości dla klienta w procesie budowania przywiązania konsumentów z pokolenia Z do współczesnych organizacji. Dodatkowym celem jest próba odnalezienia przykładów aplikacji tych rozwiązań i koncepcji w działalności sklepów tradycyjnych i internetowych oferujących odzież, których grupą docelową są właśnie wymagający konsumenci urodzeni w latach 1995-2009. W procesie przygotowania opracowania wykorzystano przede wszystkim analizę źródeł wtórnych, zarówno polsko-, jak i anglojęzycznych, a także wnioski z obserwacji własnych dotyczących działalności wskazanych oferentów odzieży na polskim rynku. Młodzi konsumenci z pokolenia Z stanowią ze swoimi oczekiwaniami i postawami wyzwanie dla podmiotów, które chcą ich pozyskać i utrzymać – wymagają aktywności firm w social mediach, jasnej komunikacji oferowanych korzyści, unikalnych doświadczeń, wdrażania nowych technologii i innowacyjnych rozwiązań w zakresie organizacji handlu, które uczynią zakupy odzieży przyjemnością.
{"title":"Budowanie przewagi konkurencyjnej na podstawie wartości i doświadczeń dla konsumentów z pokolenia Z na przykładzie rynku mody","authors":"K. Szymańska","doi":"10.15611/pn.2022.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2022.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Celem opracowania jest prezentacja znaczenia wykorzystania wymiarów i modułów marketingu doświadczeń oraz oferowania atrakcyjnych wartości dla klienta w procesie budowania przywiązania konsumentów z pokolenia Z do współczesnych organizacji. Dodatkowym celem jest próba odnalezienia przykładów aplikacji tych rozwiązań i koncepcji w działalności sklepów tradycyjnych i internetowych oferujących odzież, których grupą docelową są właśnie wymagający konsumenci urodzeni w latach 1995-2009. W procesie przygotowania opracowania wykorzystano przede wszystkim analizę źródeł wtórnych, zarówno polsko-, jak i anglojęzycznych, a także wnioski z obserwacji własnych dotyczących działalności wskazanych oferentów odzieży na polskim rynku. Młodzi konsumenci z pokolenia Z stanowią ze swoimi oczekiwaniami i postawami wyzwanie dla podmiotów, które chcą ich pozyskać i utrzymać – wymagają aktywności firm w social mediach, jasnej komunikacji oferowanych korzyści, unikalnych doświadczeń, wdrażania nowych technologii i innowacyjnych rozwiązań w zakresie organizacji handlu, które uczynią zakupy odzieży przyjemnością.\u0000","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123359270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Internal fraud, in particular embezzlement of funds by certain accountants, is one of the most dangerous economic crimes because it is an action aimed not only against the property of enterprises but it also constitutes an abuse of trust and results in unreliable bookkeeping. The purpose of the article is to present the possibility of even long-term and unnoticed misappropriation of funds by persons authorized to carry out bank transfers so as to prevent cases of this type of embezzlements and to show the importance of audit and internal control in this regard.This goal was achieved, among others through positive verification of the thesis that in the current legal conditions, the separation of competences for the preparation and approval of bank transfers, as well as efficient audit and internal control are able to limit the misappropriation of funds during the execution of a bank transfers.
{"title":"Znaczenie audytu w autoryzowaniu transakcji bankowych – studium przypadku","authors":"Edward Wisznowski","doi":"10.15611/pn.2021.4.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2021.4.09","url":null,"abstract":": Internal fraud, in particular embezzlement of funds by certain accountants, is one of the most dangerous economic crimes because it is an action aimed not only against the property of enterprises but it also constitutes an abuse of trust and results in unreliable bookkeeping. The purpose of the article is to present the possibility of even long-term and unnoticed misappropriation of funds by persons authorized to carry out bank transfers so as to prevent cases of this type of embezzlements and to show the importance of audit and internal control in this regard.This goal was achieved, among others through positive verification of the thesis that in the current legal conditions, the separation of competences for the preparation and approval of bank transfers, as well as efficient audit and internal control are able to limit the misappropriation of funds during the execution of a bank transfers.","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123647283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary: In 2018 the crui se ship tourism market generated 35.5 bn USD and in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) the rate of growth is more significant compared to other markets in the world. The figures, provided by Cruise Baltic, prove that in 2018 cruise ships carried 5.8 million passengers, which constitutes 7.7% of the average annual growth in the number of passengers carried within the BSR. The share of cruise ship tourism market in the BSR in the global market, amounts to 11.7 %. The aim of this article is to assess the potential of the BSR regarding the development of cruise ship tourism and to indicate trends for the development of this market. The study included both exploratory method and “desk research” method. In the analysis of the study results the author used quantitative and qualitative methods. The results of the research may constitute interesting study material for the entities directly and indirectly related to the cruise ship tourism market.
{"title":"Prospects of development of the cruise ship tourism market – the case study of the Baltic Sea region","authors":"J. Kizielewicz","doi":"10.15611/pn.2019.7.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2019.7.19","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: In 2018 the crui se ship tourism market generated 35.5 bn USD and in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) the rate of growth is more significant compared to other markets in the world. The figures, provided by Cruise Baltic, prove that in 2018 cruise ships carried 5.8 million passengers, which constitutes 7.7% of the average annual growth in the number of passengers carried within the BSR. The share of cruise ship tourism market in the BSR in the global market, amounts to 11.7 %. The aim of this article is to assess the potential of the BSR regarding the development of cruise ship tourism and to indicate trends for the development of this market. The study included both exploratory method and “desk research” method. In the analysis of the study results the author used quantitative and qualitative methods. The results of the research may constitute interesting study material for the entities directly and indirectly related to the cruise ship tourism market.","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121597792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Beijing Consensus − Chinese development model","authors":"T. Tylec","doi":"10.15611/pn.2019.8.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2019.8.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121430775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Latvia faces the challenges of an ageing society, which increases the demand for long-term social care services at municipal level. The aim of the work was to address the problematic issue related to the quality assurance and control of the care service for people of retirement age and the improvement of this quality control process in SCCs in Latvian municipalities. In addition, an analysis of the administrative data of social care homes in Latvia was carried out. The authors have concluded that currently, the arrival at an objective assessment of SCC service quality is impossible. The content of this work allows to argue that quality indicators (QI) should be integrated within SCC quality assessment, thus providing several advantages in terms of service planning and quality assessment, and the use of data for high quantity research.
{"title":"Quality of Services Provided by Social Care Centres for the Elderly in Latvia: Challenges and Possible Solutions","authors":"Edgars Stals, Zhanna Tsaurkubule, R. Konstante","doi":"10.15611/pn.2023.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2023.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Latvia faces the challenges of an ageing society, which increases the demand for long-term social care services at municipal level. The aim of the work was to address the problematic issue related to the quality assurance and control of the care service for people of retirement age and the improvement of this quality control process in SCCs in Latvian municipalities. In addition, an analysis of the administrative data of social care homes in Latvia was carried out. The authors have concluded that currently, the arrival at an objective assessment of SCC service quality is impossible. The content of this work allows to argue that quality indicators (QI) should be integrated within SCC quality assessment, thus providing several advantages in terms of service planning and quality assessment, and the use of data for high quantity research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122934996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ocena wpływu pożyczek udzielanych w ramach RPO WO na zatrudnienie w regionie","authors":"Karina Bedrunka, Michał Grubiak, A. Kuczuk","doi":"10.15611/pn.2021.4.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2021.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123911102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is intended to be a ‘balance sheet’ of integration process in the framework of the European Union as regards the biggest enlargement after 2004. The subject of the studies are the 23 economies of the EU and Norway over the period 2006-2016 in the aspect of whether the new entrants followed more advanced countries. The concept of economic convergence has been assumed as the most crucial theoretical notion explaining the process of assimilation between members of the EU. A cognitive aim is to test whether the integration has induced convergence of the EU countries in terms of ‘structure and demography of business’. The hypothesis states that the new entrants to the EU have neared the old members, however they still retain their specificity related to the post-socialistic system. In order to reach the goal and solve tasks, a comparative analysis, a statistical analysis, Euclidean distance and cluster analysis were applied for revealing the dynamics of the process of making economies more similar.
{"title":"Changes in the similarity of business structure and demography after European Union accession","authors":"Teresa Kamińska, M. Zielenkiewicz","doi":"10.15611/pn.2019.6.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2019.6.04","url":null,"abstract":"The article is intended to be a ‘balance sheet’ of integration process in the framework of the European Union as regards the biggest enlargement after 2004. The subject of the studies are the 23 economies of the EU and Norway over the period 2006-2016 in the aspect of whether the new entrants followed more advanced countries. The concept of economic convergence has been assumed as the most crucial theoretical notion explaining the process of assimilation between members of the EU. A cognitive aim is to test whether the integration has induced convergence of the EU countries in terms of ‘structure and demography of business’. The hypothesis states that the new entrants to the EU have neared the old members, however they still retain their specificity related to the post-socialistic system. In order to reach the goal and solve tasks, a comparative analysis, a statistical analysis, Euclidean distance and cluster analysis were applied for revealing the dynamics of the process of making economies more similar.","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"10 22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129978407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sustainable development of an enterprise includes the implementation of the economic, social, and environmental goals. In business practice, this means taking actions to maximize profits while implementing social and ecological tasks. The article’s primary goal is to assess the impact of the financial condition on the components of sustainable development of transport companies in Poland in 2008-2019. A company’s sustainable development is understood here as achieving the intended economic, social, and environmental results. The primary method used in the study is the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, which allowed for the estimation of three equations in which the endogenous variables are economic (ED), social (SD) and environmental development (EnvD). According to the estimation results, the individual components are interdependent. The financial condition (FC) for the current period and the previous one impact on economic and social development, while environmental development depends on its financial situation.
{"title":"Assessing the impact of the financial condition on the components of sustainable development of transport enterprises in Poland in 2008-2019","authors":"A. Misztal","doi":"10.15611/PN.2021.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/PN.2021.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"The sustainable development of an enterprise includes the implementation of the economic, social, and environmental goals. In business practice, this means taking actions to maximize profits while implementing social and ecological tasks. The article’s primary goal is to assess the impact of the financial condition on the components of sustainable development of transport companies in Poland in 2008-2019. A company’s sustainable development is understood here as achieving the intended economic, social, and environmental results. The primary method used in the study is the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, which allowed for the estimation of three equations in which the endogenous variables are economic (ED), social (SD) and environmental development (EnvD). According to the estimation results, the individual components are interdependent. The financial condition (FC) for the current period and the previous one impact on economic and social development, while environmental development depends on its financial situation.","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129986434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inadequacy of the ECB’s monetary policy in the EU economies outside the eurozone","authors":"S. Klus, G. Paluszak, Z. Urbanowicz","doi":"10.15611/pn.2019.9.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2019.9.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307844,"journal":{"name":"Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129993094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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