Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493575
H. D. Taylor, A. Kruger, J. Niemeier
Previous researchers have used freshwater mussels as biological sensors by monitoring the rhythmic opening and closing of their valve (gape). However, these mussels were tethered. Our goal is to use mussels as untethered sensors. Here we describe the Hall-effect sensing, and wireless communication electronics that are housed in a mussel backpack. We present experimental results demonstrating that one can measure untethered mussels' gape for extended periods.
{"title":"Embedded electronics for a mussel-based biological sensor","authors":"H. D. Taylor, A. Kruger, J. Niemeier","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493575","url":null,"abstract":"Previous researchers have used freshwater mussels as biological sensors by monitoring the rhythmic opening and closing of their valve (gape). However, these mussels were tethered. Our goal is to use mussels as untethered sensors. Here we describe the Hall-effect sensing, and wireless communication electronics that are housed in a mussel backpack. We present experimental results demonstrating that one can measure untethered mussels' gape for extended periods.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129857146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493556
Joy Bose, T. Arif
In this paper we describe various ways to encrypt data stored and transmitted through mobile computing devices based on sensors on the device. We describe different sensors including accelerometer, gyroscope, multi touch, GPS sensor etc and describe the encryption and decryption method for touch gestures. A background application on the device is responsible for encoding and decoding data, and used for different kind of applications including file transfers, multimedia, and SMS. Such an application would enhance the user experience and lead to increased security for mobile based data transfers.
{"title":"Encryption in mobile devices using sensors","authors":"Joy Bose, T. Arif","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493556","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe various ways to encrypt data stored and transmitted through mobile computing devices based on sensors on the device. We describe different sensors including accelerometer, gyroscope, multi touch, GPS sensor etc and describe the encryption and decryption method for touch gestures. A background application on the device is responsible for encoding and decoding data, and used for different kind of applications including file transfers, multimedia, and SMS. Such an application would enhance the user experience and lead to increased security for mobile based data transfers.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130382183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493571
A. Abdelgawad
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) presents significant challenges for the application of distributed signal processing and distributed control. These systems will challenge us to apply appropriate techniques to construct capable processing units with sensing nodes considering energy constraints. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is one of the capable processing units, but it is not commonly used in WSN because of the power constraint. The Multiply-Accumulate Unit (MAC) is the main computational kernel in DSP architectures. The MAC unit determines the power and the speed of the overall system; it always lies in the critical path. Developing high speed and low power MAC is crucial to use DSP in the future WSN. In this work, a fast and low power MAC Unit is proposed. The proposed architecture is based on examination of the critical delays and hardware complexities of merged MAC architectures to design a unit with a low critical path delay and low hardware complexity. The new architecture reduces the hardware complexity of the summation network, thus reduces the overall power. Increasing the speed of operation is achieved by feeding the bits of the accumulated operand into the summation tree before the final adder instead of going through the entire summation network. The ASIC implementation of the proposed 32-bit MAC unit saves 5.5% of the area, 9% of the energy, and reduces the delay by 13% compared to the regular merged MAC unit.
{"title":"Low power multiply accumulate unit (MAC) for future Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"A. Abdelgawad","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493571","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) presents significant challenges for the application of distributed signal processing and distributed control. These systems will challenge us to apply appropriate techniques to construct capable processing units with sensing nodes considering energy constraints. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is one of the capable processing units, but it is not commonly used in WSN because of the power constraint. The Multiply-Accumulate Unit (MAC) is the main computational kernel in DSP architectures. The MAC unit determines the power and the speed of the overall system; it always lies in the critical path. Developing high speed and low power MAC is crucial to use DSP in the future WSN. In this work, a fast and low power MAC Unit is proposed. The proposed architecture is based on examination of the critical delays and hardware complexities of merged MAC architectures to design a unit with a low critical path delay and low hardware complexity. The new architecture reduces the hardware complexity of the summation network, thus reduces the overall power. Increasing the speed of operation is achieved by feeding the bits of the accumulated operand into the summation tree before the final adder instead of going through the entire summation network. The ASIC implementation of the proposed 32-bit MAC unit saves 5.5% of the area, 9% of the energy, and reduces the delay by 13% compared to the regular merged MAC unit.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125785201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493563
Fangling Pu, Fangli Chen, Zongyang Liu, H. Sun, Xin Xu
An airdropped meteorological parameters measurement network (AMPMN) is introduced in this paper. AMPMN with star topology is composed of two kinds of nodes, sensor nodes and one relay node, all equipped with nRF905 radio frequency (RF) modules. A three-layer protocol is built on nRF905 in terms of its configuration. The RF configuration parameters and the payloads formats are set to enable the implementation of carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) or time division multiple access (TDMA) schemes through programming. The performances of two presented CSMA/CA schemes and one designed TDMA scheme are evaluated by simulation. Based on the simulation results and the difficulty of practical implementation, the CSMA/CA scheme without RTS/CTS is selected for AMPMN. AMPMN will be used in unmanned meteorological parameters measuring over hazard area.
{"title":"Protocol design for airdropping meteorological parameters measurement network","authors":"Fangling Pu, Fangli Chen, Zongyang Liu, H. Sun, Xin Xu","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493563","url":null,"abstract":"An airdropped meteorological parameters measurement network (AMPMN) is introduced in this paper. AMPMN with star topology is composed of two kinds of nodes, sensor nodes and one relay node, all equipped with nRF905 radio frequency (RF) modules. A three-layer protocol is built on nRF905 in terms of its configuration. The RF configuration parameters and the payloads formats are set to enable the implementation of carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) or time division multiple access (TDMA) schemes through programming. The performances of two presented CSMA/CA schemes and one designed TDMA scheme are evaluated by simulation. Based on the simulation results and the difficulty of practical implementation, the CSMA/CA scheme without RTS/CTS is selected for AMPMN. AMPMN will be used in unmanned meteorological parameters measuring over hazard area.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129963804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493551
L. P. Damuut, Dongbing Gu
Redundancy in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is often considered a positive development to ensure message reinforcement, increased network reliability and fault-tolerance, among many other quality of service (QoS) concerns. In certain applications of WSNs however, the negative impact of redundancy on the network could outweigh the aforementioned positive considerations. Random deployment of sensors inevitably leads to the occurrences of redundancy in the network with serious consequences (e.g., network congestion and energy wastage). In order to address the challenges posed by redundant nodes on the network, it is of prime importance to first of all, identify the redundant nodes from the network. In this paper, the concept of redundancy in wireless sensor networks and its identification are examined. Specifically, we employed the use of a modified version of Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm to identify physically redundant nodes in a randomly deployed wireless sensor network. Simulation results reveal a proportional relationship between redundant nodes and the number of nodes required to keep the network functional. This relationship is equally maintained as the network's lifespan advances (i.e., some nodes begin to die out).
{"title":"On redundancy identification in randomly deployed WSNs, another perspective","authors":"L. P. Damuut, Dongbing Gu","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493551","url":null,"abstract":"Redundancy in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is often considered a positive development to ensure message reinforcement, increased network reliability and fault-tolerance, among many other quality of service (QoS) concerns. In certain applications of WSNs however, the negative impact of redundancy on the network could outweigh the aforementioned positive considerations. Random deployment of sensors inevitably leads to the occurrences of redundancy in the network with serious consequences (e.g., network congestion and energy wastage). In order to address the challenges posed by redundant nodes on the network, it is of prime importance to first of all, identify the redundant nodes from the network. In this paper, the concept of redundancy in wireless sensor networks and its identification are examined. Specifically, we employed the use of a modified version of Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm to identify physically redundant nodes in a randomly deployed wireless sensor network. Simulation results reveal a proportional relationship between redundant nodes and the number of nodes required to keep the network functional. This relationship is equally maintained as the network's lifespan advances (i.e., some nodes begin to die out).","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117104674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493581
M. Tanevski, A. Boegli, P. Farine
The wireless sensor nodes are most energy-efficient when they operate at the minimal operating voltage. The nominal voltage of the batteries used is often significantly higher. This paper analyzes DC-DC power conversion from the point of view of ultra low-power wireless sensor nodes. Using a modified circuit of a suitable commercial DC-DC converter and a supercapacitor, this paper shows that it is possible to extend battery lifetime of a wireless sensor node for certain spectrum of applications. The efficiency of the DC-DC conversion as well as supercapacitor charge-discharge efficiency have been analyzed and measured. The influence of battery discharge currents and leakage currents is also presented. Furthermore, in this paper, we outline the specifications of a module needed between the battery and the sensor node that will be controlled by the node's MCU and will keep the node operating at minimal operational voltage while at the same time maximizing the energy delivered from the battery to the node. Thus, this paper also aims at setting foundations for future development of an energy-optimization module for ultra low power wireless sensor nodes.
{"title":"Power supply energy optimization for ultra low-power wireless sensor nodes","authors":"M. Tanevski, A. Boegli, P. Farine","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493581","url":null,"abstract":"The wireless sensor nodes are most energy-efficient when they operate at the minimal operating voltage. The nominal voltage of the batteries used is often significantly higher. This paper analyzes DC-DC power conversion from the point of view of ultra low-power wireless sensor nodes. Using a modified circuit of a suitable commercial DC-DC converter and a supercapacitor, this paper shows that it is possible to extend battery lifetime of a wireless sensor node for certain spectrum of applications. The efficiency of the DC-DC conversion as well as supercapacitor charge-discharge efficiency have been analyzed and measured. The influence of battery discharge currents and leakage currents is also presented. Furthermore, in this paper, we outline the specifications of a module needed between the battery and the sensor node that will be controlled by the node's MCU and will keep the node operating at minimal operational voltage while at the same time maximizing the energy delivered from the battery to the node. Thus, this paper also aims at setting foundations for future development of an energy-optimization module for ultra low power wireless sensor nodes.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114559717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493554
C. De Dominicis, A. Depari, A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, E. Sisinni
Managing a large building construction site is a really complex task. Nowadays, many controllers have to daily check the site collecting information in order to inform managers about the construction progress. Recently, several software applications, compatible and integrated in most of commercial CAD tools, have been developed to help managers in collecting information. These tools furnish the managers on-site access to technical documentation, but are standalone tool very poorly connected with the site infrastructure. For this reason, some proposals have been suggested in literature to enable real-time data collection about site status exploiting communication facilities (e.g. wireless sensor networks). The work discussed in this paper extends this approach including localization-aware and task-aware mobile computing based on the use of smartphones and tablets. These devices natively offer intuitive and user-friendly interfaces, dramatically reducing time in personnel training. In particular, ranging and localization techniques on most diffused smart platforms have been successfully tested, also by means of external hardware plugins.
{"title":"Smartphone based localization solution for construction site management","authors":"C. De Dominicis, A. Depari, A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, E. Sisinni","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493554","url":null,"abstract":"Managing a large building construction site is a really complex task. Nowadays, many controllers have to daily check the site collecting information in order to inform managers about the construction progress. Recently, several software applications, compatible and integrated in most of commercial CAD tools, have been developed to help managers in collecting information. These tools furnish the managers on-site access to technical documentation, but are standalone tool very poorly connected with the site infrastructure. For this reason, some proposals have been suggested in literature to enable real-time data collection about site status exploiting communication facilities (e.g. wireless sensor networks). The work discussed in this paper extends this approach including localization-aware and task-aware mobile computing based on the use of smartphones and tablets. These devices natively offer intuitive and user-friendly interfaces, dramatically reducing time in personnel training. In particular, ranging and localization techniques on most diffused smart platforms have been successfully tested, also by means of external hardware plugins.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133626962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493576
Guanduo Li, A. Kruger, J. Niemeier, H. Lintz
We describe a sensor for measuring budburst and blossom in plants and trees. A pair of plastic optical fibers is placed behind a bud. One fiber carries modulated light to the bud and the other fiber carries reflected light to detector electronics. When the plant's bud opens, the amount of reflected light changes. The sensor uses lock-in detection to suppress ambient and other light noise. A microcontroller manages the sensor operation and saves data on a secure digital memory card. The sensor incorporates calibration, and the user can set the integrated real-time clock, and the data collection interval through with a simple menu via an RS-232 serial connection. The sensor is power efficient and can operate for an entire growing season without having to replace its batteries. We have conducted initial field testing of the sensor.
{"title":"Automated sensor for flowering and vegetative budburst","authors":"Guanduo Li, A. Kruger, J. Niemeier, H. Lintz","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493576","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a sensor for measuring budburst and blossom in plants and trees. A pair of plastic optical fibers is placed behind a bud. One fiber carries modulated light to the bud and the other fiber carries reflected light to detector electronics. When the plant's bud opens, the amount of reflected light changes. The sensor uses lock-in detection to suppress ambient and other light noise. A microcontroller manages the sensor operation and saves data on a secure digital memory card. The sensor incorporates calibration, and the user can set the integrated real-time clock, and the data collection interval through with a simple menu via an RS-232 serial connection. The sensor is power efficient and can operate for an entire growing season without having to replace its batteries. We have conducted initial field testing of the sensor.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125433475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493573
John Ojur Dennis, F. Ahmad, M. Haris Md Khir, N. H. Hamid
During post processing of MEMS chips in deep reactive ion etching (DRIE), fluorine containing gases are used to remove the final passivation layers from the top of the bonding aluminum pad area. These gases contaminate the bonding pads and hinder effective wire-bonding onto the pads. This paper is a comparative analysis of bonding pad cleaning of CMOS MEMS chips by three plasma cleaning methods: argon plasma, oxygen plasma using AS201 microwave plasma Asher and oxygen plasma using SS110A DRIE equipment (Tegal). The effectiveness of the chip cleaning method is then analyzed using Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy to investigate elemental percentage on the pads before and after cleaning. EDX results indicate that Argon plasma cleaning process is the preferable pad cleaning method as it effectively removes the fluorine contaminants from the bonding pads without eroding the top aluminium (metal 3) on the pad. The oxidation level of the aluminium as a result of cleaning is also very low as compared to the other cleaning methods. Finally, a few of the pads cleaned by argon plasma method were successfully bonded using a manual Ball-Wedge wire bonder Model 7700E.
在深度反应离子蚀刻(deep reactive ion etching, DRIE)的MEMS芯片后处理过程中，使用含氟气体去除粘接铝垫区域顶部的最终钝化层。这些气体会污染焊盘，阻碍焊盘上的有效焊线。本文对比分析了三种等离子体清洗方法对CMOS MEMS芯片键合垫的清洗效果:氩等离子体、AS201微波等离子体Asher的氧等离子体和SS110A DRIE设备的氧等离子体。然后使用能量色散x射线(EDX)光谱分析了切屑清洗方法的有效性，以研究清洗前后衬垫上的元素百分比。EDX结果表明，氩等离子体清洗工艺可以有效地去除焊盘上的氟污染物，而不会腐蚀焊盘顶部的铝(金属3)，是较好的焊盘清洗方法。与其他清洗方法相比，清洗后铝的氧化水平也很低。最后，利用7700E型手动球楔焊丝机对氩等离子体法清洗后的部分焊盘进行了成功的焊接。
{"title":"Analysis of bonding failure in CMOS MEMS chips","authors":"John Ojur Dennis, F. Ahmad, M. Haris Md Khir, N. H. Hamid","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493573","url":null,"abstract":"During post processing of MEMS chips in deep reactive ion etching (DRIE), fluorine containing gases are used to remove the final passivation layers from the top of the bonding aluminum pad area. These gases contaminate the bonding pads and hinder effective wire-bonding onto the pads. This paper is a comparative analysis of bonding pad cleaning of CMOS MEMS chips by three plasma cleaning methods: argon plasma, oxygen plasma using AS201 microwave plasma Asher and oxygen plasma using SS110A DRIE equipment (Tegal). The effectiveness of the chip cleaning method is then analyzed using Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy to investigate elemental percentage on the pads before and after cleaning. EDX results indicate that Argon plasma cleaning process is the preferable pad cleaning method as it effectively removes the fluorine contaminants from the bonding pads without eroding the top aluminium (metal 3) on the pad. The oxidation level of the aluminium as a result of cleaning is also very low as compared to the other cleaning methods. Finally, a few of the pads cleaned by argon plasma method were successfully bonded using a manual Ball-Wedge wire bonder Model 7700E.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121721332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493565
M. Mehrubeoglu, P. Zimba, L. McLauchlan, Ming Yang Teng
A hyperspectral imaging system has been used to acquire hyperspectral data representing various combinations of three pure algal mixtures in liquid media. Geometric and linear spectral unmixing methods have been applied to identify the ratiometric combinations of the algae in the mixtures. For the geometric method, two local spectral slopes have been identified as spectral features. Average feature values for each class of algae are used as vertices of a triangle, and then compared to the test features to predict algal ratios in the test mixture. The results are compared to those from classic linear spectral unmixing. In the two independent data sets prepared, the introduced geometric method produced more favorable results than the classical spectral unmixing method.
{"title":"Spectral unmixing of three-algae mixtures using hyperspectral images","authors":"M. Mehrubeoglu, P. Zimba, L. McLauchlan, Ming Yang Teng","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493565","url":null,"abstract":"A hyperspectral imaging system has been used to acquire hyperspectral data representing various combinations of three pure algal mixtures in liquid media. Geometric and linear spectral unmixing methods have been applied to identify the ratiometric combinations of the algae in the mixtures. For the geometric method, two local spectral slopes have been identified as spectral features. Average feature values for each class of algae are used as vertices of a triangle, and then compared to the test features to predict algal ratios in the test mixture. The results are compared to those from classic linear spectral unmixing. In the two independent data sets prepared, the introduced geometric method produced more favorable results than the classical spectral unmixing method.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134315640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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