Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493548
L. Loizou, J. Buckley, B. O’flynn, J. Barton, C. O'Mathúna, E. Popovici
A planar, dual-band, Electrically Small Antenna, operating at the 433 MHz and 868 MHz ISM bands is reported, designed for the WSN Tyndall Multiradio (s-Mote) platform. It is a meandered IFA, fed by a CPW and its planar form makes it easily integrated on PCB along with the rest of the circuitry. A dual-band balun was employed to allow accurate characterization of the antenna by canceling the unbalanced behavior of the feed RF coaxial cable that causes a backwards flow of current on the shield of the coaxial cable which disturbs the measurement. Measured and simulated data are in close agreement showing Return Loss greater than 10 dB at both frequency bands. Simulated radiation patterns for the elevation and azimuthal planes with dipole-like characteristics are also included and compared with measurements followed by a discussion on the measurement setup.
{"title":"Design and measurement of a planar dual-band antenna for the Tyndall Multiradio wireless sensing platform","authors":"L. Loizou, J. Buckley, B. O’flynn, J. Barton, C. O'Mathúna, E. Popovici","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493548","url":null,"abstract":"A planar, dual-band, Electrically Small Antenna, operating at the 433 MHz and 868 MHz ISM bands is reported, designed for the WSN Tyndall Multiradio (s-Mote) platform. It is a meandered IFA, fed by a CPW and its planar form makes it easily integrated on PCB along with the rest of the circuitry. A dual-band balun was employed to allow accurate characterization of the antenna by canceling the unbalanced behavior of the feed RF coaxial cable that causes a backwards flow of current on the shield of the coaxial cable which disturbs the measurement. Measured and simulated data are in close agreement showing Return Loss greater than 10 dB at both frequency bands. Simulated radiation patterns for the elevation and azimuthal planes with dipole-like characteristics are also included and compared with measurements followed by a discussion on the measurement setup.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121998900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493569
K. Kashima, R. Nakamura, A. Kajiwara
In this paper, a bathroom movements monitoring sensor system based on Ultra-Wideband Radio (UWB-IR) is suggested where a Cube Higher-order Local Auto-Correlation (CHLAC) method is employed to estimate some movements of a bathing person against waving from the surface of water in a bathtub. The usefulness of our suggested algorithm is investigated experimentally and it is shown that estimation rate of more than 90% can be attained for various a bathing persons movements in a bathroom.
{"title":"Bathroom movements monitoring UWB sensor with feature extraction algorithm","authors":"K. Kashima, R. Nakamura, A. Kajiwara","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493569","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a bathroom movements monitoring sensor system based on Ultra-Wideband Radio (UWB-IR) is suggested where a Cube Higher-order Local Auto-Correlation (CHLAC) method is employed to estimate some movements of a bathing person against waving from the surface of water in a bathtub. The usefulness of our suggested algorithm is investigated experimentally and it is shown that estimation rate of more than 90% can be attained for various a bathing persons movements in a bathroom.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126614805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493561
Xinli Zhou
This paper proposes a new algorithm to estimate vehicle location based on the uniform linear AMR sensor array. A new design and realization of the AMR sensor array is presented. The array consists of a group of 3-axis sensors. With the increase of the distances between the sensors and the vehicle, the magnetic field strength falls off inversely. Accordingly, a group of sensors can estimate the location of the vehicle. Based on this, each sensor measures the magnetic field disturbances independently. Multiple estimations are made using a sequence of samples, and a polynomial approximation method is applied to optimize the estimation. Experimental results are presented to show that the proposed algorithm and the AMR sensor array design are valid.
{"title":"Vehicle location estimation based on a magnetic sensor array","authors":"Xinli Zhou","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493561","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new algorithm to estimate vehicle location based on the uniform linear AMR sensor array. A new design and realization of the AMR sensor array is presented. The array consists of a group of 3-axis sensors. With the increase of the distances between the sensors and the vehicle, the magnetic field strength falls off inversely. Accordingly, a group of sensors can estimate the location of the vehicle. Based on this, each sensor measures the magnetic field disturbances independently. Multiple estimations are made using a sequence of samples, and a polynomial approximation method is applied to optimize the estimation. Experimental results are presented to show that the proposed algorithm and the AMR sensor array design are valid.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121454302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493567
S. Hwu, B. Rhodes, B. K. de Silva, C. Sham, J. Keiser
Wi-Fi devices operated inside a metallic enclosure have been investigation in the recent years. A motivation for this study is to investigate wave propagation inside an enclosed environment such as elevator, car, aircraft, and spacecraft. There are performances and safety concerns when RF transmitters are used inside a metallic enclosed environment. In this paper, the field distributions inside a closed metallic room were investigated with multiple portable Wi-Fi devices. Computer simulations were performed using rigorous computational electromagnetics (CEM). The method of moments (MoM) was used to model the mutual coupling among antennas. The geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) was applied for the multiple reflections off the floor and walls. The prediction of the field distribution inside such an environment is useful for the planning and deployment of a wireless radio and sensor system. Factors that affect the field strengths and distributions of radio waves in confined space were analyzed. The results could be used to evaluate the RF exposure safety in confined environment. By comparing the field distributions for various scenarios, it was observed that the Wi-Fi device count, spacing between the devices and relative locations in the room are important factors in the deployment of these devices. The RF Keep Out Zone (KOZ), where the electric field strengths exceed the permissible RF exposure limit, could be used to assess the RF human exposure compliance. This study shows, it's possible to maximize or minimize field intensity in specific area by arranging the Wi-Fi devices as a function of the relative location and spacing.
{"title":"RF exposure analysis for multiple Wi-Fi devices in enclosed environment","authors":"S. Hwu, B. Rhodes, B. K. de Silva, C. Sham, J. Keiser","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493567","url":null,"abstract":"Wi-Fi devices operated inside a metallic enclosure have been investigation in the recent years. A motivation for this study is to investigate wave propagation inside an enclosed environment such as elevator, car, aircraft, and spacecraft. There are performances and safety concerns when RF transmitters are used inside a metallic enclosed environment. In this paper, the field distributions inside a closed metallic room were investigated with multiple portable Wi-Fi devices. Computer simulations were performed using rigorous computational electromagnetics (CEM). The method of moments (MoM) was used to model the mutual coupling among antennas. The geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) was applied for the multiple reflections off the floor and walls. The prediction of the field distribution inside such an environment is useful for the planning and deployment of a wireless radio and sensor system. Factors that affect the field strengths and distributions of radio waves in confined space were analyzed. The results could be used to evaluate the RF exposure safety in confined environment. By comparing the field distributions for various scenarios, it was observed that the Wi-Fi device count, spacing between the devices and relative locations in the room are important factors in the deployment of these devices. The RF Keep Out Zone (KOZ), where the electric field strengths exceed the permissible RF exposure limit, could be used to assess the RF human exposure compliance. This study shows, it's possible to maximize or minimize field intensity in specific area by arranging the Wi-Fi devices as a function of the relative location and spacing.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116418742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493579
H. Nakama, R. Nakamura, A. Kajiwara
Elderly-care support is a very important issue in many developed countries because of the arrival of increasingly aging society. Actually, fall accidents often take place in care facilities when the elderly attempt to leave the bed alone. So, a sensor estimating their state and motion with ultra-wideband are gaining a lot of attention because of preventing those accidents. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to estimate their motion on a bed accurately with support vector machine (SVM) which is one of pattern recognition. This paper presents the measurement results conducted in a care/ nursing home about the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
{"title":"Ultra-wideband monitoring sensor with pattern recognition","authors":"H. Nakama, R. Nakamura, A. Kajiwara","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493579","url":null,"abstract":"Elderly-care support is a very important issue in many developed countries because of the arrival of increasingly aging society. Actually, fall accidents often take place in care facilities when the elderly attempt to leave the bed alone. So, a sensor estimating their state and motion with ultra-wideband are gaining a lot of attention because of preventing those accidents. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to estimate their motion on a bed accurately with support vector machine (SVM) which is one of pattern recognition. This paper presents the measurement results conducted in a care/ nursing home about the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114568926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493574
N. Sanatdoost, V. Mašek, Lihong Zhang
Modification of mechanical structure of a MEMS gyroscope can significantly improve stability and sensitivity of the sensor. The parameters, which can affect sensitivity and stability of a vibratory inertial sensor, include signal coupling between the drive and sense parts, different damping sources such as air-damping and thermo-elastic damping, and fabrication tolerance. In this paper the mechanical structure of a decoupled Z-axis MEMS gyroscope is modified and the sensitivity of the drive resonance frequency and amplitude to geometrical variations and fabrication tolerance is studied. In addition to the drive part, the capacitive sensing method is modified to improve the capacitance change of the sense combs.
{"title":"A Z-axis MEMS gyroscope with improved sensitivity","authors":"N. Sanatdoost, V. Mašek, Lihong Zhang","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493574","url":null,"abstract":"Modification of mechanical structure of a MEMS gyroscope can significantly improve stability and sensitivity of the sensor. The parameters, which can affect sensitivity and stability of a vibratory inertial sensor, include signal coupling between the drive and sense parts, different damping sources such as air-damping and thermo-elastic damping, and fabrication tolerance. In this paper the mechanical structure of a decoupled Z-axis MEMS gyroscope is modified and the sensitivity of the drive resonance frequency and amplitude to geometrical variations and fabrication tolerance is studied. In addition to the drive part, the capacitive sensing method is modified to improve the capacitance change of the sense combs.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127062564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493566
J. Nakase, K. Moriyama, K. Kiyokawa, M. Numao, M. Oyama, S. Kurihara
In ambient information systems, not only extracting human behavior with a sensor network but also adaptive autonomous interaction between the environment and humans is an important function. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning methodology for acquiring suitable interaction for each person's daily behavior. This time, we used vital sensors to detect and classify a user's condition. In an experiment, we show the feasibility of the proposed methodology.
{"title":"Effective awaking interaction learning system that uses vital sensing","authors":"J. Nakase, K. Moriyama, K. Kiyokawa, M. Numao, M. Oyama, S. Kurihara","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493566","url":null,"abstract":"In ambient information systems, not only extracting human behavior with a sensor network but also adaptive autonomous interaction between the environment and humans is an important function. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning methodology for acquiring suitable interaction for each person's daily behavior. This time, we used vital sensors to detect and classify a user's condition. In an experiment, we show the feasibility of the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121694519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493560
K. Inomata, W. Tsujita, T. Hirai
Novel leaky coaxial cable (LCX) is developed. It contains both transmitting and receiving LCX for intrusion detection sensor. While the suppression of coupling between transmitter and receiver is major theme in microwave technology, we give a solution of transmitter and receiver antenna combination. We have developed a prototype of 2 in 1 LCX and then evaluated its performance for intrusion detection sensor in field experimentation.
{"title":"2 in 1 leakey coaxial cable for intrusion detection sensor","authors":"K. Inomata, W. Tsujita, T. Hirai","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493560","url":null,"abstract":"Novel leaky coaxial cable (LCX) is developed. It contains both transmitting and receiving LCX for intrusion detection sensor. While the suppression of coupling between transmitter and receiver is major theme in microwave technology, we give a solution of transmitter and receiver antenna combination. We have developed a prototype of 2 in 1 LCX and then evaluated its performance for intrusion detection sensor in field experimentation.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123272214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493552
E. Trinklein, G. Parker
Inexpensive, commercial available off-the-shelf (COTS) Global Positioning Receivers (GPS) have typical accuracy of ±3 meters when augmented by the Wide Areas Augmentation System (WAAS). There exist applications that require position measurements between two moving targets. The focus of this work is to explore the viability of using clusters of COTS GPS receivers for relative position measurements to improve their accuracy. An experimental study was performed using two clusters, each with five GPS receivers, with a fixed distance of 4.5 m between the clusters. Although the relative position was fixed, the entire system of ten GPS receivers was on a mobile platform. An expensive RTK GPS system, accurate to the centimeter level, was also fixed to the mobile platform and used for comparison. Data was recorded while moving the system over a rectangular track with a perimeter distance of 7564 m. The cluster data was post processed and yielded approximately one meter accuracy for the relative position vector between the two clusters. Furthermore, the 2σ and RMS values were decreased by approximately 13 fold from a worst case scenario.
{"title":"Combining multiple GPS receivers to enhance relative distance measurements","authors":"E. Trinklein, G. Parker","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493552","url":null,"abstract":"Inexpensive, commercial available off-the-shelf (COTS) Global Positioning Receivers (GPS) have typical accuracy of ±3 meters when augmented by the Wide Areas Augmentation System (WAAS). There exist applications that require position measurements between two moving targets. The focus of this work is to explore the viability of using clusters of COTS GPS receivers for relative position measurements to improve their accuracy. An experimental study was performed using two clusters, each with five GPS receivers, with a fixed distance of 4.5 m between the clusters. Although the relative position was fixed, the entire system of ten GPS receivers was on a mobile platform. An expensive RTK GPS system, accurate to the centimeter level, was also fixed to the mobile platform and used for comparison. Data was recorded while moving the system over a rectangular track with a perimeter distance of 7564 m. The cluster data was post processed and yielded approximately one meter accuracy for the relative position vector between the two clusters. Furthermore, the 2σ and RMS values were decreased by approximately 13 fold from a worst case scenario.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133842086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493568
I. Morsi, Yahia Zakria Abd El Gawad
Healthcare sector quality demands are exponentially rising to design expert systems for medical diagnosis. Likewise there is growing capture of biological, clinical, administrative data and integration of distributed and heterogeneous databases. Those previous mentioned branches create a completely new base for medical quality and cost management. In this paper fuzzy logic model is designed and practically tested. A group of 105 patients is use to develop this model and another group of same count patients was used to test it. All results are compared using fuzzy logic model in MATLAB.
{"title":"Fuzzy logic in heart rate and blood pressure measuring system","authors":"I. Morsi, Yahia Zakria Abd El Gawad","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493568","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare sector quality demands are exponentially rising to design expert systems for medical diagnosis. Likewise there is growing capture of biological, clinical, administrative data and integration of distributed and heterogeneous databases. Those previous mentioned branches create a completely new base for medical quality and cost management. In this paper fuzzy logic model is designed and practically tested. A group of 105 patients is use to develop this model and another group of same count patients was used to test it. All results are compared using fuzzy logic model in MATLAB.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114406895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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