Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493585
B. Vasuki, S. Sathiya, K. Suresh
A novel and compact model of resonance based hydraulic pump actuated by piezoelectric laminated cantilever beam is presented. This proposed pump comprises of simple elements such as a tube and a Non-Return Valve (NRV) as a down-hole component connected to a length of the tubing, and a piezoelectric actuator. The operating principle is based on the inertia of water column within the riser tubing. The water is drawn from the container through NRV and it increases the liquid column head in the tubing by rapid up and down movements. The piezoelectric actuator produces this movement by vibrating the cantilever beam in resonant frequency with the tube mounted on its tip. The closed loop electronic circuit is connected to maintain the vibration at resonant frequency, so that the pump can discharge the water at regular intervals of time. This simple pumping mechanism and the advantages of piezoelectric actuator such as lower noise generation and ease of miniaturization make this pump suitable for some important applications in biomedical engineering and electronics cooling systems in military applications. The characteristics of the proposed pump are measured and verified with simulated results.
{"title":"A new piezoelectric laminated cantilever resonance based hydraulic pump","authors":"B. Vasuki, S. Sathiya, K. Suresh","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493585","url":null,"abstract":"A novel and compact model of resonance based hydraulic pump actuated by piezoelectric laminated cantilever beam is presented. This proposed pump comprises of simple elements such as a tube and a Non-Return Valve (NRV) as a down-hole component connected to a length of the tubing, and a piezoelectric actuator. The operating principle is based on the inertia of water column within the riser tubing. The water is drawn from the container through NRV and it increases the liquid column head in the tubing by rapid up and down movements. The piezoelectric actuator produces this movement by vibrating the cantilever beam in resonant frequency with the tube mounted on its tip. The closed loop electronic circuit is connected to maintain the vibration at resonant frequency, so that the pump can discharge the water at regular intervals of time. This simple pumping mechanism and the advantages of piezoelectric actuator such as lower noise generation and ease of miniaturization make this pump suitable for some important applications in biomedical engineering and electronics cooling systems in military applications. The characteristics of the proposed pump are measured and verified with simulated results.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126609300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493580
S. Hwu, K. Desilva, Cindy T. Jih
NASA has been leading the Terahertz (THz) technology development for the sensors and instruments in astronomy in the past 20 years. THz technologies are expanding into much broader applications in recent years. Due to the vast available multiple gigahertz (GHz) broad bandwidths, THz radios offer the possibility for wireless transmission of high data rates. Multi-Gigabits per second (MGbps) broadband wireless access based on THz waves are closer to reality. The THz signal high atmosphere attenuation could significantly decrease the communication ranges and transmittable data rates for the ground systems. Contrary to the THz applications on the ground, the space applications in the atmosphere free environment do not suffer the atmosphere attenuation. The manufacturing technologies for the THz electronic components are advancing and maturing. There is great potential for the NASA future high data wireless applications in environments with difficult cabling and size/weight constraints. In this study, the THz wireless systems for potential space applications were investigated. The applicability of THz systems for space applications was analyzed. The link analysis indicates that MGbps data rates are achievable with compact sized high gain antennas.
{"title":"Terahertz (THz) wireless systems for space applications","authors":"S. Hwu, K. Desilva, Cindy T. Jih","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493580","url":null,"abstract":"NASA has been leading the Terahertz (THz) technology development for the sensors and instruments in astronomy in the past 20 years. THz technologies are expanding into much broader applications in recent years. Due to the vast available multiple gigahertz (GHz) broad bandwidths, THz radios offer the possibility for wireless transmission of high data rates. Multi-Gigabits per second (MGbps) broadband wireless access based on THz waves are closer to reality. The THz signal high atmosphere attenuation could significantly decrease the communication ranges and transmittable data rates for the ground systems. Contrary to the THz applications on the ground, the space applications in the atmosphere free environment do not suffer the atmosphere attenuation. The manufacturing technologies for the THz electronic components are advancing and maturing. There is great potential for the NASA future high data wireless applications in environments with difficult cabling and size/weight constraints. In this study, the THz wireless systems for potential space applications were investigated. The applicability of THz systems for space applications was analyzed. The link analysis indicates that MGbps data rates are achievable with compact sized high gain antennas.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116410022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493562
J. Seiter, M. Hofbauer, M. Davidović, S. Schidl, H. Zimmermann
A systematic investigation of the combination of a reference path and a reference pixel as correction method for a systematic error induced by the light source of a time-of-flight (TOF) distance measurement sensor is presented. A change of the bandwidth of the light source, e.g. caused by drifting temperature of the used LEDs results in a bandwidth dependent distance error. The presented method allows reducing this error over a large operating range by ~97 %, i.e. to 3 %.
{"title":"Correction of the temperature induced error of the illumination source in a time-of-flight distance measurement setup","authors":"J. Seiter, M. Hofbauer, M. Davidović, S. Schidl, H. Zimmermann","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493562","url":null,"abstract":"A systematic investigation of the combination of a reference path and a reference pixel as correction method for a systematic error induced by the light source of a time-of-flight (TOF) distance measurement sensor is presented. A change of the bandwidth of the light source, e.g. caused by drifting temperature of the used LEDs results in a bandwidth dependent distance error. The presented method allows reducing this error over a large operating range by ~97 %, i.e. to 3 %.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121203278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493570
G. M. Pour, P. Troped, J. Evans
Context aware Physical Activity (PA) monitoring of humans is important for the study of diseases associated with obesity and lack of physical activity. This paper introduces a wearable context aware PA monitoring device which determines if the user is indoors or outside in situations of disrupted Global Positioning System (GPS) reception. In addition to a GPS sensor, multiple light and temperature sensors were added to our PA monitoring device. Differences in inside and outside temperature and the intensity of light are used to distinguish the context of location. Location, Light and temperature values were recorded using a controlled route during a period of 20 days in January and February. One of the non-parametric pattern recognition techniques (K-nearest neighbors) was used to classify indoor and outdoor conditions based on the combination of sensor values. Results show that the K-nearest neighbors algorithm could distinguish indoor and outdoor conditions during daytime and nighttime with the error of 0.003.
{"title":"Environment feature extraction and classification for Context aware Physical Activity monitoring","authors":"G. M. Pour, P. Troped, J. Evans","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493570","url":null,"abstract":"Context aware Physical Activity (PA) monitoring of humans is important for the study of diseases associated with obesity and lack of physical activity. This paper introduces a wearable context aware PA monitoring device which determines if the user is indoors or outside in situations of disrupted Global Positioning System (GPS) reception. In addition to a GPS sensor, multiple light and temperature sensors were added to our PA monitoring device. Differences in inside and outside temperature and the intensity of light are used to distinguish the context of location. Location, Light and temperature values were recorded using a controlled route during a period of 20 days in January and February. One of the non-parametric pattern recognition techniques (K-nearest neighbors) was used to classify indoor and outdoor conditions based on the combination of sensor values. Results show that the K-nearest neighbors algorithm could distinguish indoor and outdoor conditions during daytime and nighttime with the error of 0.003.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128819061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493553
Rui Zhang, A. Bannoura, F. Hoflinger, L. Reindl, C. Schindelhauer
This paper presents a novel indoor localization solution using a smart phone. Instead of building the inertial measurement unit (IMU), the integrated calibrated sensors inside the smart phone provide all the sensor information needed. Meanwhile, we avoid the complicated calibration process, when the calibration machines or workstations are not available. Since smart phones are meant to be held in hand, algorithms and methods based on walking speed reset can not be utilized. Therefore, correct orientation and step length information are indispensable. In this study, a modified Kalman filter based sensor data fusion was used to achieve accurate orientation data by detecting and minimizing the effect of magnetic field disturbance. Three methods are presented and compared to calculate each step length based on vertical acceleration using biomechanic model or empirical relation. The experimental results show that the proposed solution is capable of tracking the person indoors and to achieve a tracking accuracy of less than 0.3m.
{"title":"Indoor localization using a smart phone","authors":"Rui Zhang, A. Bannoura, F. Hoflinger, L. Reindl, C. Schindelhauer","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493553","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel indoor localization solution using a smart phone. Instead of building the inertial measurement unit (IMU), the integrated calibrated sensors inside the smart phone provide all the sensor information needed. Meanwhile, we avoid the complicated calibration process, when the calibration machines or workstations are not available. Since smart phones are meant to be held in hand, algorithms and methods based on walking speed reset can not be utilized. Therefore, correct orientation and step length information are indispensable. In this study, a modified Kalman filter based sensor data fusion was used to achieve accurate orientation data by detecting and minimizing the effect of magnetic field disturbance. Three methods are presented and compared to calculate each step length based on vertical acceleration using biomechanic model or empirical relation. The experimental results show that the proposed solution is capable of tracking the person indoors and to achieve a tracking accuracy of less than 0.3m.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125442820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493582
S. Finlayson, G. S. Gupta
During the process of flying an aircraft at an altitude in excess of 20,000ft, environmental conditions can lead to ice being accumulated on the control surfaces of the aircraft with temperature extremes that are lower than -40°C being a large contributing factor. Anti-icing systems in dated aircraft predominantly apply hot engine bleed air to regulate the temperature on the aircraft control surfaces. The Royal New Zealand Air force (RNZAF) P-3K Orion aircraft utilizes a manually activated control system for controlling and monitoring the leading edge anti icing requirements. This manually activated system is becoming unreliable and difficult to maintain, the aircrew are required to manually activate the control circuit and in some instances constant monitoring is required. This paper discusses an automated solution that applies a fuzzy logic control circuit to control flow control valves which in turn regulate the amount of bleed air passed through a wing cavity. The control for the system is provided by a mixed-signal field programmable microcontroller, the Silicon Laboratories C8051F020. Automatic regulation of the bleed air flow provides temperature stability at the required set point. This solution reduces the aircrew interaction, achieves efficient control of the engine bleed air, and provides additional data to the user.
{"title":"Instrumentation and automated control of aircraft leading edge temperature","authors":"S. Finlayson, G. S. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493582","url":null,"abstract":"During the process of flying an aircraft at an altitude in excess of 20,000ft, environmental conditions can lead to ice being accumulated on the control surfaces of the aircraft with temperature extremes that are lower than -40°C being a large contributing factor. Anti-icing systems in dated aircraft predominantly apply hot engine bleed air to regulate the temperature on the aircraft control surfaces. The Royal New Zealand Air force (RNZAF) P-3K Orion aircraft utilizes a manually activated control system for controlling and monitoring the leading edge anti icing requirements. This manually activated system is becoming unreliable and difficult to maintain, the aircrew are required to manually activate the control circuit and in some instances constant monitoring is required. This paper discusses an automated solution that applies a fuzzy logic control circuit to control flow control valves which in turn regulate the amount of bleed air passed through a wing cavity. The control for the system is provided by a mixed-signal field programmable microcontroller, the Silicon Laboratories C8051F020. Automatic regulation of the bleed air flow provides temperature stability at the required set point. This solution reduces the aircrew interaction, achieves efficient control of the engine bleed air, and provides additional data to the user.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116049848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493587
G. Uma, U. Varun Kumar, B. Santhosh Kumar, K. Suresh
A piezoelectric actuated cantilever beam based sifter to separate dry materials according to the size is presented. The sifter operates in open loop and closed loop configuration. The unique features of this sifter are design simplicity, portable, wide scope, less maintenance, ruggedness and cost effective.
{"title":"Design and modeling of piezoelectric sifter","authors":"G. Uma, U. Varun Kumar, B. Santhosh Kumar, K. Suresh","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493587","url":null,"abstract":"A piezoelectric actuated cantilever beam based sifter to separate dry materials according to the size is presented. The sifter operates in open loop and closed loop configuration. The unique features of this sifter are design simplicity, portable, wide scope, less maintenance, ruggedness and cost effective.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123808747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493586
Sungwon Lee, Sekwang Park
This paper is focused on the research of the energy saving technology for household dissemination of plant factory through using artificial light source. By controlling the LED according to the intensity of radiation of sunlight through using photo sensor, 260 PPFD (Photosynthesis Photon Flux Density), which is needed to the crop, are consistently maintained regardless of the change of the photo-environment. For the optimum growth efficiency of the crop, the percentage of LED by colors is decided. The percentage of the energy saving between the plant cultivation by the artificial light source and the plant cultivation by sunlight suggested at this research is compared, and about 43 % of the saving effect is acknowledged.
{"title":"Energy savings of home growing plants by using daylight and LED","authors":"Sungwon Lee, Sekwang Park","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493586","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is focused on the research of the energy saving technology for household dissemination of plant factory through using artificial light source. By controlling the LED according to the intensity of radiation of sunlight through using photo sensor, 260 PPFD (Photosynthesis Photon Flux Density), which is needed to the crop, are consistently maintained regardless of the change of the photo-environment. For the optimum growth efficiency of the crop, the percentage of LED by colors is decided. The percentage of the energy saving between the plant cultivation by the artificial light source and the plant cultivation by sunlight suggested at this research is compared, and about 43 % of the saving effect is acknowledged.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116157922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493546
H. F. Rezaei, Anton Kruger
Here, we present our work on a modified version of the novel scheme named Wired-CDMA, in order to be used in wireless environments. This modified scheme allows a group of radios to communicate with each other as if they have formed a multiple access digital bus. Although the proposed scheme is a multiple access scheme, all the radios are identical and operate at the same frequency, without any time restriction. In order to achieve such a goal, a specific group of codes, named Optical Orthogonal Codes, are used. Further, a hardware implementation of the proposed scheme is presented. We show that the scheme can provide simple and inexpensive medium access for WSNs.
{"title":"Wireless multichannel bus communication using CDMA coding for single frequency radios","authors":"H. F. Rezaei, Anton Kruger","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493546","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we present our work on a modified version of the novel scheme named Wired-CDMA, in order to be used in wireless environments. This modified scheme allows a group of radios to communicate with each other as if they have formed a multiple access digital bus. Although the proposed scheme is a multiple access scheme, all the radios are identical and operate at the same frequency, without any time restriction. In order to achieve such a goal, a specific group of codes, named Optical Orthogonal Codes, are used. Further, a hardware implementation of the proposed scheme is presented. We show that the scheme can provide simple and inexpensive medium access for WSNs.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130157921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/SAS.2013.6493584
M. Umapathy, Y. Sujan, K. Suresh
The paper presents design and development of a resonance displacement sensor. The sensor is built with cantilever as a resonator with piezoelectric excitation and sensing in closed loop electronics. The sensor measures the unknown displacement with good linearity within the measurement range. The input displacement varies the length of the resonator by a fixed roller arrangement. The shift in resonance frequency for a change in displacement is detected by closed loop electronics.
{"title":"Piezoelectric based resonance displacement sensor","authors":"M. Umapathy, Y. Sujan, K. Suresh","doi":"10.1109/SAS.2013.6493584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS.2013.6493584","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents design and development of a resonance displacement sensor. The sensor is built with cantilever as a resonator with piezoelectric excitation and sensing in closed loop electronics. The sensor measures the unknown displacement with good linearity within the measurement range. The input displacement varies the length of the resonator by a fixed roller arrangement. The shift in resonance frequency for a change in displacement is detected by closed loop electronics.","PeriodicalId":309610,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium Proceedings","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121950730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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