Recent work with Lenia, a continuously-valued cellular automata (CA) framework, has yielded $sim$100s of compelling, bioreminiscent and mobile patterns. Lenia can be viewed as a continuously-valued generalization of the Game of Life, a seminal cellular automaton developed by John Conway that exhibits complex and universal behavior based on simple birth and survival rules. Life's framework of totalistic CA based on the Moore neighborhood includes many other interesting, Life-like, CA. A simplification introduced in Lenia limits the types of Life-like CA that are expressible in Lenia to a specific subset. This work recovers the ability to easily implement any Life-like CA by splitting Lenia's growth function into genesis and persistence functions, analogous to Life's birth and survival rules. We demonstrate the capabilities of this new CA variant by implementing a puffer pattern from Life-like CA Morley/Move, and examine differences between related CA in Lenia and Glaberish frameworks: Hydrogeminium natans and s613, respectively. These CA exhibit marked differences in dynamics and character based on spatial entropy over time, and both support several persistent mobile patterns. The CA s613, implemented in the Glaberish framework, is more dynamic than the Hydrogeminium CA in terms of a consistently high variance in spatial entropy over time. These results suggest there may be a wide variety of interesting CA that can be implemented in the Glaberish variant of the Lenia framework, analogous to the many interesting Life-like CA outside of Conway's Life.
最近与Lenia(一个连续值细胞自动机(CA)框架)的合作，已经产生了价值100万美元的引人注目的、生物记忆的和可移动的模式。Lenia可以被看作是生命游戏(Game of Life)的持续价值概括。生命游戏是由John Conway开发的一种重要的细胞自动机，它基于简单的出生和生存规则，表现出复杂而普遍的行为。基于Moore邻域的总体CA的Life框架包括许多其他有趣的，Life-like CA。Lenia中引入的简化将在Lenia中可表达的Life-like CA的类型限制为特定子集。这项工作通过将Lenia的生长函数拆分为起源和持续函数(类似于生命的诞生和生存规则)，恢复了轻松实现任何类生命CA的能力。我们通过实现来自Life-like CA Morley/Move的一个puffer模式来演示这个新的CA变体的功能，并检查Lenia和Glaberish框架中相关CA之间的差异:Hydrogeminium natans和s613。随着时间的推移，这些CA在基于空间熵的动态和特征上表现出明显的差异，并且都支持几种持久的移动模式。在Glaberish框架中实现的CA s613在空间熵随时间变化的一致性方面比Hydrogeminium CA更具动态性。这些结果表明，可能有各种各样有趣的CA可以在Lenia框架的Glaberish变体中实现，类似于Conway的生活之外的许多有趣的Life-like CA。
{"title":"Glaberish: Generalizing the Continuously-Valued Lenia Framework to Arbitrary Life-Like Cellular Automata","authors":"Q. Davis, J. Bongard","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00530","url":null,"abstract":"Recent work with Lenia, a continuously-valued cellular automata (CA) framework, has yielded $sim$100s of compelling, bioreminiscent and mobile patterns. Lenia can be viewed as a continuously-valued generalization of the Game of Life, a seminal cellular automaton developed by John Conway that exhibits complex and universal behavior based on simple birth and survival rules. Life's framework of totalistic CA based on the Moore neighborhood includes many other interesting, Life-like, CA. A simplification introduced in Lenia limits the types of Life-like CA that are expressible in Lenia to a specific subset. This work recovers the ability to easily implement any Life-like CA by splitting Lenia's growth function into genesis and persistence functions, analogous to Life's birth and survival rules. We demonstrate the capabilities of this new CA variant by implementing a puffer pattern from Life-like CA Morley/Move, and examine differences between related CA in Lenia and Glaberish frameworks: Hydrogeminium natans and s613, respectively. These CA exhibit marked differences in dynamics and character based on spatial entropy over time, and both support several persistent mobile patterns. The CA s613, implemented in the Glaberish framework, is more dynamic than the Hydrogeminium CA in terms of a consistently high variance in spatial entropy over time. These results suggest there may be a wide variety of interesting CA that can be implemented in the Glaberish variant of the Lenia framework, analogous to the many interesting Life-like CA outside of Conway's Life.","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126898230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This contribution summarizes an integrated view on human- swarm interaction which investigates how human cognition should be joined with the distributed intelligence of robot swarms. From our perspective, a capable human-swarm hybrid that is embedded in the world can be formalized as nested agent interaction matrices that are hierarchically organized.
{"title":"Towards Hierarchical Hybrid Architectures for Human-Swarm Interaction","authors":"Jonas D. Rockbach, L. Bluhm, Maren Bennewitz","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00532","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution summarizes an integrated view on human- swarm interaction which investigates how human cognition should be joined with the distributed intelligence of robot swarms. From our perspective, a capable human-swarm hybrid that is embedded in the world can be formalized as nested agent interaction matrices that are hierarchically organized.","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115008075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"String: a programming language for the evolution of ribozymes in a new computational protocell model","authors":"Mohiul Islam, N. Kharma, P. Grogono","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124907254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Someone once asked me how I hold my head up so high after all I've been through.
曾经有人问我，在经历了这么多之后，我是如何昂起头来的。
{"title":"Inside looking out","authors":"Fernando Rodriguez","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00519","url":null,"abstract":"Someone once asked me how I hold my head up so high after all I've been through.","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122188919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What does functional connectivity tell us about the behaviorally-functional connectivity of a multifunctional neural circuit?","authors":"E. Izquierdo, Madhavun Candadai","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00534","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128360772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficiency Through GPU-based Co-Evolution of Control and Pose in Evolutionary Robotics","authors":"K. Støy","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127874176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PPS 3D: A 3D Variant of the Primordial Particle System","authors":"Martin Stefanec, T. Schmickl","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00510","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128181413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefano Furlan, E. Medvet, Giorgia Nadizar, F. Pigozzi
Our modern world is teeming with non-biological agents, whose growing complexity brings them so close to living beings that they can be cataloged as artificial creatures, i.e., a form of Artificial Life (ALife). Ranging from disembodied intelligent agents to robots of conspicuous dimensions, all these artifacts are united by the fact that they are designed, built, and possibly trained by humans taking inspiration from natural elements. Hence, humans play a fundamental role in relation to ALife, both as creators and as final users, which calls attention to the need of studying the mutual influence of human and artificial life. Here we attempt an experimental investigation of the reciprocal effects of the human-ALife interaction. To this extent, we design an artificial world populated by life-like creatures, and resort to open-ended evolution to foster the creatures adaptation. We allow bidirectional communication between the system and humans, who can observe the artificial world and voluntarily choose to perform positive or negative actions towards the creatures populating it; those actions may have a shortor long-term impact on the artificial creatures. Our experimental results show that the creatures are capable of evolving under the influence of humans, even though the impact of the interaction remains uncertain. In addition, we find that ALife gives rise to disparate feelings in humans who interact with it, who are not always aware of the importance of their conduct. Introduction and related works In the 1990s, the commercial craze of “Tamagotchi” (Clyde, 1998), a game where players nourish and care for virtual pets, swept through the world. Albeit naive, that game is a noteworthy instance of an Artificial Life (ALife) (Langton, 1997), i.e., a simulation of a living system, which does not exist in isolation, but in deep entanglement with human life. It also reveals that ALife is not completely detached from humans, who might need to rethink their role and responsibilities toward ALife. We already train artificial agents by reinforcement or supervision: trained agents are notoriously as biased as the datasets we feed them (Kasperkevic, 2015), and examples abound1. For instance, chatbot Tay shifted from lovely to toxic communication after a few hours of interaction with users of a social network (Hunt, 2016). The https://github.com/daviddao/awful-ai field of robotics is no exception to the case, and while robots, a relevant example of ALife agents, are becoming pervasive in our society, we—the creators—define and influence them (Pigozzi, 2022). One day in the future, a robot could browse for videos of the very first robots that were built, eager to learn more about its ancestors. Suppose a video shows up, displaying engineers that ruthlessly beat up and thrust a robot in the attempt of testing its resilience (Vincent, 2019). How brutal and condemnable would that act look to its electric eyes? Would our robotic brainchildren disown us and label
{"title":"On the Mutual Influence of Human and Artificial Life: an Experimental Investigation","authors":"Stefano Furlan, E. Medvet, Giorgia Nadizar, F. Pigozzi","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00492","url":null,"abstract":"Our modern world is teeming with non-biological agents, whose growing complexity brings them so close to living beings that they can be cataloged as artificial creatures, i.e., a form of Artificial Life (ALife). Ranging from disembodied intelligent agents to robots of conspicuous dimensions, all these artifacts are united by the fact that they are designed, built, and possibly trained by humans taking inspiration from natural elements. Hence, humans play a fundamental role in relation to ALife, both as creators and as final users, which calls attention to the need of studying the mutual influence of human and artificial life. Here we attempt an experimental investigation of the reciprocal effects of the human-ALife interaction. To this extent, we design an artificial world populated by life-like creatures, and resort to open-ended evolution to foster the creatures adaptation. We allow bidirectional communication between the system and humans, who can observe the artificial world and voluntarily choose to perform positive or negative actions towards the creatures populating it; those actions may have a shortor long-term impact on the artificial creatures. Our experimental results show that the creatures are capable of evolving under the influence of humans, even though the impact of the interaction remains uncertain. In addition, we find that ALife gives rise to disparate feelings in humans who interact with it, who are not always aware of the importance of their conduct. Introduction and related works In the 1990s, the commercial craze of “Tamagotchi” (Clyde, 1998), a game where players nourish and care for virtual pets, swept through the world. Albeit naive, that game is a noteworthy instance of an Artificial Life (ALife) (Langton, 1997), i.e., a simulation of a living system, which does not exist in isolation, but in deep entanglement with human life. It also reveals that ALife is not completely detached from humans, who might need to rethink their role and responsibilities toward ALife. We already train artificial agents by reinforcement or supervision: trained agents are notoriously as biased as the datasets we feed them (Kasperkevic, 2015), and examples abound1. For instance, chatbot Tay shifted from lovely to toxic communication after a few hours of interaction with users of a social network (Hunt, 2016). The https://github.com/daviddao/awful-ai field of robotics is no exception to the case, and while robots, a relevant example of ALife agents, are becoming pervasive in our society, we—the creators—define and influence them (Pigozzi, 2022). One day in the future, a robot could browse for videos of the very first robots that were built, eager to learn more about its ancestors. Suppose a video shows up, displaying engineers that ruthlessly beat up and thrust a robot in the attempt of testing its resilience (Vincent, 2019). How brutal and condemnable would that act look to its electric eyes? Would our robotic brainchildren disown us and label ","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132057564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Information Complexity of Navigating with Momentum","authors":"Bente Riegler, D. Polani, V. Steuber","doi":"10.1162/isal_a_00537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309725,"journal":{"name":"The 2022 Conference on Artificial Life","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132061890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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