Although they work with two non-humanoid robots located several million miles away, the distributed team that operates the Mars Exploration Rovers demonstrates an uncanny sympathy for their robotic teammates. This paper examines not only how the Rovers are anthropomorphized by the human team, but also how the team takes on characteristics of the Rovers while conducting science and operations on Mars. Based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork with the Mars Rover mission, the paper places the configuration of the user in social context and probes the role of the machine as social resource, with implications for HCI.
{"title":"\"Seeing like a rover\": embodied experience on the mars exploration rover mission","authors":"J. Vertesi","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358709","url":null,"abstract":"Although they work with two non-humanoid robots located several million miles away, the distributed team that operates the Mars Exploration Rovers demonstrates an uncanny sympathy for their robotic teammates. This paper examines not only how the Rovers are anthropomorphized by the human team, but also how the team takes on characteristics of the Rovers while conducting science and operations on Mars. Based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork with the Mars Rover mission, the paper places the configuration of the user in social context and probes the role of the machine as social resource, with implications for HCI.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122045218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pRemote ('p' stands for personal) is an alternative input device based on digital pen technology, paper-based interface layouts and text recognition. Compared to standard remote controls the concept allows the creation of personal interfaces by the user, the use of different templates during running an application and an alternative for text input by writing with a pen. In our work we developed a design study of the pRemote which was evaluated with eight users. The concept was appreciated by almost all of the participants. We exemplified the concept for controlling an already developed media application. The pRemote should establish a basis for further evaluations of different input designs.
{"title":"Premote: a user customizable remote control","authors":"Jan Hess, Guy Küstermann, V. Pipek","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358844","url":null,"abstract":"The pRemote ('p' stands for personal) is an alternative input device based on digital pen technology, paper-based interface layouts and text recognition. Compared to standard remote controls the concept allows the creation of personal interfaces by the user, the use of different templates during running an application and an alternative for text input by writing with a pen. In our work we developed a design study of the pRemote which was evaluated with eight users. The concept was appreciated by almost all of the participants. We exemplified the concept for controlling an already developed media application. The pRemote should establish a basis for further evaluations of different input designs.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117252895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Non-verbal behavior, particularly gaze, is a crucial part of human communication. To interact with humans in a rich, natural way, social interfaces need to use this communicative channel effectively. While the role and mechanics of human gaze are extensively studied, how gaze might be used effectively by embodied interfaces is not well explored. The goal of my dissertation is to gain a deeper understanding of how gaze behavior affects people's interactions with embodied social interfaces and how we can design gaze for effective communication. This research focuses on four main social functions of gaze: Regulation, Expression, Establishing Joint Attention, and Initiating/Avoiding of Social Encounters and four sets of design variables: Temporal, Spatial, Physiological, and Contextual. A systematic study of how these functions and design variables affect each other is conducted through a series of empirical studies.
{"title":"The design of gaze behavior for embodied social interfaces","authors":"Bilge Mutlu","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358739","url":null,"abstract":"Non-verbal behavior, particularly gaze, is a crucial part of human communication. To interact with humans in a rich, natural way, social interfaces need to use this communicative channel effectively. While the role and mechanics of human gaze are extensively studied, how gaze might be used effectively by embodied interfaces is not well explored. The goal of my dissertation is to gain a deeper understanding of how gaze behavior affects people's interactions with embodied social interfaces and how we can design gaze for effective communication. This research focuses on four main social functions of gaze: Regulation, Expression, Establishing Joint Attention, and Initiating/Avoiding of Social Encounters and four sets of design variables: Temporal, Spatial, Physiological, and Contextual. A systematic study of how these functions and design variables affect each other is conducted through a series of empirical studies.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117255080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Though interaction designers critique interfaces as a regular part of their research and practice, the field of HCI lacks a proper discipline of interaction criticism. By interaction criticism we mean rigorous, evidence-based interpretive analysis that explicates relationships among elements of an interface and the meanings, affects, moods, and intuitions they produce in the people that interact with them; the immediate goal of this analysis is the generation of innovative design insights. We summarize existing work offering promising directions in interaction criticism to build a case for a proper discipline. We then propose a framework for the discipline, relating each of its parts to recent HCI research.
{"title":"Interaction criticism: a proposal and framework for a new discipline of hci","authors":"Jeffrey Bardzell, Shaowen Bardzell","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358703","url":null,"abstract":"Though interaction designers critique interfaces as a regular part of their research and practice, the field of HCI lacks a proper discipline of interaction criticism. By interaction criticism we mean rigorous, evidence-based interpretive analysis that explicates relationships among elements of an interface and the meanings, affects, moods, and intuitions they produce in the people that interact with them; the immediate goal of this analysis is the generation of innovative design insights. We summarize existing work offering promising directions in interaction criticism to build a case for a proper discipline. We then propose a framework for the discipline, relating each of its parts to recent HCI research.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129554872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is no widely accepted means of evaluating category systems for information search and browsing. This presentation outlines an evaluation scheme and an evaluation method that applies the scheme. The scheme delineates features broadly classified under comprehensiveness, coherence, and correctness. The method evaluates the category system through a survey distributed among subject domain experts. The method requires minimal resources, is easily conducted remotely, and is easily modified. The approach finds the over- and under-sensitivities of the method of generating the system. A case study has demonstrated the usefulness of the approach, and the inter-rater reliability found suggests that the evaluation scheme is meaningful.
{"title":"An evaluation scheme for hierarchical information browsing structures","authors":"M. Richardson","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358916","url":null,"abstract":"There is no widely accepted means of evaluating category systems for information search and browsing. This presentation outlines an evaluation scheme and an evaluation method that applies the scheme. The scheme delineates features broadly classified under comprehensiveness, coherence, and correctness. The method evaluates the category system through a survey distributed among subject domain experts. The method requires minimal resources, is easily conducted remotely, and is easily modified. The approach finds the over- and under-sensitivities of the method of generating the system. A case study has demonstrated the usefulness of the approach, and the inter-rater reliability found suggests that the evaluation scheme is meaningful.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128387227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Bickmore, Laura M. Pfeifer, Daniel Schulman, Sepalika Perera, Chaamari Senanayake, Ishraque Nazmi
Design principles for deploying agents designed for social and relational interactions with users in public spaces are discussed. These principles are applied to the development of a virtual science museum guide agent that uses human relationship-building behaviors to engage visitors. The agent appears in the form of a human-sized anthropomorphic robot, and uses nonverbal conversational behavior, empathy, social dialogue, reciprocal self-disclosure and other relational behavior to establish social bonds with users. The agent also uses a biometric identification system so that it can re-identify visitors it has already talked to. Results from a preliminary study indicate that most users enjoy the conversational and relational interaction with the agent.
{"title":"Public displays of affect: deploying relational agents in public spaces","authors":"T. Bickmore, Laura M. Pfeifer, Daniel Schulman, Sepalika Perera, Chaamari Senanayake, Ishraque Nazmi","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358847","url":null,"abstract":"Design principles for deploying agents designed for social and relational interactions with users in public spaces are discussed. These principles are applied to the development of a virtual science museum guide agent that uses human relationship-building behaviors to engage visitors. The agent appears in the form of a human-sized anthropomorphic robot, and uses nonverbal conversational behavior, empathy, social dialogue, reciprocal self-disclosure and other relational behavior to establish social bonds with users. The agent also uses a biometric identification system so that it can re-identify visitors it has already talked to. Results from a preliminary study indicate that most users enjoy the conversational and relational interaction with the agent.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129083875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Baecker, S. Harrison, W. Buxton, S. Poltrock, E. Churchill
Established researchers and practitioners active in the development and deployment of media spaces review what seemed to be promised twenty years ago, what has actually been achieved, and what we might anticipate over the next twenty years.
{"title":"Media spaces: past visions, current realities, future promise","authors":"R. Baecker, S. Harrison, W. Buxton, S. Poltrock, E. Churchill","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358660","url":null,"abstract":"Established researchers and practitioners active in the development and deployment of media spaces review what seemed to be promised twenty years ago, what has actually been achieved, and what we might anticipate over the next twenty years.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123928819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Storytelling has been a mainstay of communication between humans for centuries. Despite the sharp increase in digital photography and tools to support digital photo practices, constructing personal narratives with digital photographs remains a difficult problem. Creating personal narratives requires story-writing, media editing, and media composition skills. This research explores how to support everyday people through the challenges of narrative composition with photographs by leveraging everyday photo practices to make storytelling with photos easier. It is also concerned with providing a satisfying experience to authors and audiences alike.
{"title":"Storytelling with digital photographs: supporting the practice, understanding the benefit","authors":"Brian M. Landry","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358738","url":null,"abstract":"Storytelling has been a mainstay of communication between humans for centuries. Despite the sharp increase in digital photography and tools to support digital photo practices, constructing personal narratives with digital photographs remains a difficult problem. Creating personal narratives requires story-writing, media editing, and media composition skills. This research explores how to support everyday people through the challenges of narrative composition with photographs by leveraging everyday photo practices to make storytelling with photos easier. It is also concerned with providing a satisfying experience to authors and audiences alike.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123635313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inputs to spreadsheets and web forms often contain typos or other errors. However, existing tools require end-user programmers (EUPs) to write regular expressions or even scripts to validate data, which is slow and error-prone. We present a new technique enabling EUPs to describe data as a series of constrained parts. We incorporate our technique in a prototype tool called Toped, which generates validation code for Excel and web forms. Our technique enables EUPs to validate data more quickly and accurately than with existing techniques, finding 90% of invalid inputs in a lab study.
{"title":"Toped: enabling end-user programmers to validate data","authors":"Christopher Scaffidi, B. Myers, M. Shaw","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358884","url":null,"abstract":"Inputs to spreadsheets and web forms often contain typos or other errors. However, existing tools require end-user programmers (EUPs) to write regular expressions or even scripts to validate data, which is slow and error-prone. We present a new technique enabling EUPs to describe data as a series of constrained parts. We incorporate our technique in a prototype tool called Toped, which generates validation code for Excel and web forms. Our technique enables EUPs to validate data more quickly and accurately than with existing techniques, finding 90% of invalid inputs in a lab study.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116209838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we describe our ongoing work on modelling urban encounters by extending Conway's Game of Life. We develop our model based on empirical data collected using a Tamagotchi-like mobile game that recorded people's encounters by sensing nearby devices using Bluetooth. Our findings include the identification of useful ways to capture and analyse data to derive a model of encounter, and a set of rules that can be used to drive our model. We also identify interesting patterns in the behaviour of our simulations that can help us understand, and in certain cases predict, urban encounter.
{"title":"Urban encounters: the game of real life","authors":"V. Kostakos","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358890","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe our ongoing work on modelling urban encounters by extending Conway's Game of Life. We develop our model based on empirical data collected using a Tamagotchi-like mobile game that recorded people's encounters by sensing nearby devices using Bluetooth. Our findings include the identification of useful ways to capture and analyse data to derive a model of encounter, and a set of rules that can be used to drive our model. We also identify interesting patterns in the behaviour of our simulations that can help us understand, and in certain cases predict, urban encounter.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124034340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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