Matteo Fiorani, M. Mariani, L. Minin, R. Montanari
This study investigates the effect of the follower and leader vehicles' speed on time headway variation during deceleration in a car-following task. Significant results were found in deceleration onset; headway varies significantly when absolute and relative follower speed are high. These results suggest possible application in the tuning of in-vehicle advanced system for longitudinal safety control.
{"title":"Monitoring time-headway in car-following task","authors":"Matteo Fiorani, M. Mariani, L. Minin, R. Montanari","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358646","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of the follower and leader vehicles' speed on time headway variation during deceleration in a car-following task. Significant results were found in deceleration onset; headway varies significantly when absolute and relative follower speed are high. These results suggest possible application in the tuning of in-vehicle advanced system for longitudinal safety control.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115708419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Yuille, L. Vaughan, Markus Rittenbruch, Stephen Viller, Ian MacColl
In this paper we present work on a scenario and persona based approach to exploring social software solutions for a globally distributed network of researchers, designers and artists. We discuss issues identified with scenario based approaches and a potential participatory solution adopted in this project.
{"title":"Spontaneous scenarios: an approach to user engagement","authors":"J. Yuille, L. Vaughan, Markus Rittenbruch, Stephen Viller, Ian MacColl","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358642","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present work on a scenario and persona based approach to exploring social software solutions for a globally distributed network of researchers, designers and artists. We discuss issues identified with scenario based approaches and a potential participatory solution adopted in this project.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124237133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information visualization systems allow users to produce insights, innovations and discoveries. Evaluating such tools is a challenging task and the goal of BELIV'08 is to make a step ahead in the comprehension of such a complex activity. Current evaluation methods exhibit noticeable limitations and researchers in the area experiment some frustration with evaluation processes that are time consuming and too often leading to unsatisfactory results. The most used evaluation metrics such as task time completion and number of errors appear insufficient to quantify the quality of an information visualization system; thus the name of the workshop: "beyond time and errors".
{"title":"BELIV'08: Beyond time and errors: novel evaluation methods for information visualization","authors":"E. Bertini, Adam Perer, C. Plaisant, G. Santucci","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358955","url":null,"abstract":"Information visualization systems allow users to produce insights, innovations and discoveries. Evaluating such tools is a challenging task and the goal of BELIV'08 is to make a step ahead in the comprehension of such a complex activity. Current evaluation methods exhibit noticeable limitations and researchers in the area experiment some frustration with evaluation processes that are time consuming and too often leading to unsatisfactory results. The most used evaluation metrics such as task time completion and number of errors appear insufficient to quantify the quality of an information visualization system; thus the name of the workshop: \"beyond time and errors\".","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124566288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Hawkey, David Botta, R. Werlinger, Kasia Muldner, André Gagné, K. Beznosov
This paper describes the HOT Admin research project, which is investigating the human, organizational, and technological factors of IT security from the perspective of security practitioners. We use qualitative methods to examine their experiences along several themes including: unique characteristics of this population, the challenges they face within the organization, their activities, their collaborative interactions with other stakeholders, the sub-optimal situations they face as a result of distributed security management, and the impact of the security management model in place. We present preliminary results for each theme, as well as the implications of these results on the field of usable security and other research areas within HCI.
{"title":"Human, organizational, and technological factors of IT security","authors":"K. Hawkey, David Botta, R. Werlinger, Kasia Muldner, André Gagné, K. Beznosov","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358905","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the HOT Admin research project, which is investigating the human, organizational, and technological factors of IT security from the perspective of security practitioners. We use qualitative methods to examine their experiences along several themes including: unique characteristics of this population, the challenges they face within the organization, their activities, their collaborative interactions with other stakeholders, the sub-optimal situations they face as a result of distributed security management, and the impact of the security management model in place. We present preliminary results for each theme, as well as the implications of these results on the field of usable security and other research areas within HCI.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114675562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virtual worlds are typically designed to recreate the familiar physical world, both in the design of the spaces and the ways that people interact within them. In this paper we describe an alternate approach that uses the computational capabilities unique to the virtual world to augment social interaction and personal experience. We propose a specific design for supporting medium sized group meetings using avatar's positions in the space to represent their feelings about the discussion and discuss our preliminary testing results.
{"title":"Information spaces -- building meeting rooms in virtual environments","authors":"Drew Harry, J. Donath","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358923","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual worlds are typically designed to recreate the familiar physical world, both in the design of the spaces and the ways that people interact within them. In this paper we describe an alternate approach that uses the computational capabilities unique to the virtual world to augment social interaction and personal experience. We propose a specific design for supporting medium sized group meetings using avatar's positions in the space to represent their feelings about the discussion and discuss our preliminary testing results.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114692597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite some incredible books and works on culture in the past decade by wonderful designers, anthropologists and thinkers like Kenji Ekuan, Genevieve Bell and Howard Rheingold, the CHI community is still sparse on conversations and publications surrounding the place and significance of world cultures on design and HCI. [4, 6, 12] Culture as a lifestyle, a set of beliefs and value systems that shape everyday life in countries around the world, is at the core of understanding what our community calls 'the user'. It is the context that explains all data and inspiration we use in our design and creative processes. This SIG provides members of HCI & Design communities with an opportunity to explore and discuss different ways in which we can integrate culture as an essential aspect of our thinking, research and design of products, services and systems.
{"title":"Culture calling: where is CHI?","authors":"Ashwini Asokan","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358690","url":null,"abstract":"Despite some incredible books and works on culture in the past decade by wonderful designers, anthropologists and thinkers like Kenji Ekuan, Genevieve Bell and Howard Rheingold, the CHI community is still sparse on conversations and publications surrounding the place and significance of world cultures on design and HCI. [4, 6, 12] Culture as a lifestyle, a set of beliefs and value systems that shape everyday life in countries around the world, is at the core of understanding what our community calls 'the user'. It is the context that explains all data and inspiration we use in our design and creative processes. This SIG provides members of HCI & Design communities with an opportunity to explore and discuss different ways in which we can integrate culture as an essential aspect of our thinking, research and design of products, services and systems.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129717428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susan Wyche, Kelly E. Caine, Benjamin K. Davison, M. Arteaga, Rebecca E. Grinter
We present the design and formative evaluation of Sun Dial, an application that supports Muslims' prayer practices. We report on a study that involved identifying prayer as an activity that can be supported with technology; the development of a prototype; and a short-term evaluation of Sun Dial conducted with our local Muslim community. In addition to presenting a novel design idea, our case study contributes to the growing corpus of research examining technology and religion.
{"title":"Sun dial: exploring techno-spiritual design through a mobile islamic call to prayer application","authors":"Susan Wyche, Kelly E. Caine, Benjamin K. Davison, M. Arteaga, Rebecca E. Grinter","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358866","url":null,"abstract":"We present the design and formative evaluation of Sun Dial, an application that supports Muslims' prayer practices. We report on a study that involved identifying prayer as an activity that can be supported with technology; the development of a prototype; and a short-term evaluation of Sun Dial conducted with our local Muslim community. In addition to presenting a novel design idea, our case study contributes to the growing corpus of research examining technology and religion.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129751737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this document is to present both the methods employed by the team in collecting useful information pertaining to homelessness, and the proposal for a possible solution that was arrived at after analysis of the results. Emphasis is placed by the authors on the process of information collection, the interpersonal interaction with the homeless subjects, and the subtleties of the problem space explored in defining a solution.
{"title":"Human-centered space design for the homeless: clean dignity","authors":"Daniel John Myers Letson, C. A. Patterson","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358939","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this document is to present both the methods employed by the team in collecting useful information pertaining to homelessness, and the proposal for a possible solution that was arrived at after analysis of the results. Emphasis is placed by the authors on the process of information collection, the interpersonal interaction with the homeless subjects, and the subtleties of the problem space explored in defining a solution.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128392729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents an analysis of age-related differences of user behavior in the social network site MySpace.com. We focus on two age groups: older people (60+ years of age) and teenagers (between 13 and 19 years of age). We used locally developed web crawlers to collect large sets of data from MySpace's user profile pages. We used different analytic techniques to quantify any differences that exist in the networks of friends of older people and teenagers. Content analysis was applied to investigate age-related differences concerning the way users represent themselves on their profile pages. Our findings show that teenagers tend to have much larger networks of friends compared to older users. Also, we found that the majority of teenage users' friends are in their own age range (age +/- 2 years), whilst older people's friends tend to have a more diverse age distribution.
{"title":"Age differences in online social networking","authors":"Rajiv Arjan, Ulrike Pfeil, Panayiotis Zaphiris","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358754","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an analysis of age-related differences of user behavior in the social network site MySpace.com. We focus on two age groups: older people (60+ years of age) and teenagers (between 13 and 19 years of age). We used locally developed web crawlers to collect large sets of data from MySpace's user profile pages. We used different analytic techniques to quantify any differences that exist in the networks of friends of older people and teenagers. Content analysis was applied to investigate age-related differences concerning the way users represent themselves on their profile pages. Our findings show that teenagers tend to have much larger networks of friends compared to older users. Also, we found that the majority of teenage users' friends are in their own age range (age +/- 2 years), whilst older people's friends tend to have a more diverse age distribution.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127512759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the large number of patent searches conducted by professional patent searchers and inventors, little is known about how such searches are actually performed. Here we describe a qualitative study of experienced patent searchers as they conducted in-context searches at a technology transfer office. Based on studies of expert search and sensemaking in other domains, we expected the professional searchers to (1) use well-formed search strategies that were effective for patent search, and (2) rapidly make sense of the novelty of an invention by constructing new representations to organize existing patents that appear relevant. Instead, we observed the searchers perform simplistic preliminary searches and then exchange their search process and results with inventors and patent lawyers to collaboratively make sense of the patentability and licensability of the invention. Furthermore, their sensemaking consisted of selecting known representations of patents to organize the new information, an approach we call "weak" sensemaking. These results suggest implications for designing systems that support the observed collaborative "weak" sensemaking with the goal of helping the users to more effectively determine the patentability and licensability of an invention.
{"title":"Collaborative search and sensemaking of patents","authors":"S. Bhavnani, G. Clarkson, Matthew Scholl","doi":"10.1145/1358628.1358764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358764","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the large number of patent searches conducted by professional patent searchers and inventors, little is known about how such searches are actually performed. Here we describe a qualitative study of experienced patent searchers as they conducted in-context searches at a technology transfer office. Based on studies of expert search and sensemaking in other domains, we expected the professional searchers to (1) use well-formed search strategies that were effective for patent search, and (2) rapidly make sense of the novelty of an invention by constructing new representations to organize existing patents that appear relevant. Instead, we observed the searchers perform simplistic preliminary searches and then exchange their search process and results with inventors and patent lawyers to collaboratively make sense of the patentability and licensability of the invention. Furthermore, their sensemaking consisted of selecting known representations of patents to organize the new information, an approach we call \"weak\" sensemaking. These results suggest implications for designing systems that support the observed collaborative \"weak\" sensemaking with the goal of helping the users to more effectively determine the patentability and licensability of an invention.","PeriodicalId":310204,"journal":{"name":"CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129099216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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